70 years of RN A scoping review to build

database of evidence

Anastasia Harripaul

70 years of RN effectiveness: A scoping review to build a comprehensive

database of evidence

Reference List Updated August 2017

Prepared by: Zainab Lulat, RN, MN

Anastasia Harripaul-Yhap, RN, MSc(A) Tasha Penney, RN, MN, CPMHN(C) Julie Blain-McLeod, RN, BScN, MA

Michelle Rey, MSc, PhD

a comprehensive

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In a collaborative project between the RNAO IABPG Research Team and the Policy Department, a scoping review was conducted in order to create a comprehensive electronic database of Registered Nurse (RN) effectiveness. The database includes studies exploring the effectiveness of RNs on clinical/patient outcomes, organizational/nurse outcomes, and financial outcomes over the past 70 years. We have made the database freely available as a PDF reference list, as well as an EndNote file. This database can be used for evidence-informed decision making by policy-makers, researchers, and health care administrators.

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Contents

Clinical and Patient Outcomes – 269 References ......................................................................................... 4

Organizational and Nurse Outcomes – 294 References ............................................................................. 22

Financial Outcomes – 127 References ........................................................................................................ 40

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Clinical and Patient Outcomes – 269 References

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Aiken, L. H., Clarke, S. P., Sloane, D. M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J. H. (2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job dissatisfaction. JAMA, 288(16), 1987-1993.

Aiken, L. H., Sloane, D. M., Bruyneel, L., Van den Heede, K., Griffiths, P., Busse, R., . . . consortium, R. C. (2014). Nurse staffing and education and hospital mortality in nine European countries: a retrospective observational study. Lancet, 383(9931), 1824-1830. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62631-8

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Aydin, C., Donaldson, N., Stotts, N. A., Fridman, M., & Brown, D. S. (2015). Modeling hospital-acquired pressure ulcer prevalence on medical-surgical units: nurse workload, expertise, and clinical processes of care. Health Services Research, 50(2), 351-373. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.12244

Bååth, C., Wilde-Larsson, B., Idvall, E., & Hall-Lord, M. L. (2010). Registered nurses and enrolled nurses assessments of postoperative pain and risk for malnutrition and pressure ulcers in patients with hip fracture. International Journal of Orthopaedic & Trauma Nursing, 14(1), 30-39. doi:10.1016/j.joon.2009.05.005

Backhaus, R., Verbeek, H., van Rossum, E., Capezuti, E., & Hamers, J. P. (2014). Nurse staffing impact on quality of care in nursing homes: a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 15(6), 383-393. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2013.12.080

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Bae, S. H., Kelly, M., Brewer, C. S., & Spencer, A. (2014). Analysis of nurse staffing and patient outcomes using comprehensive nurse staffing characteristics in acute care nursing units. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 29(4), 318-326. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NCQ.0000000000000057

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Biggs, K., & Power, M. (2015). Registered nurses improving screening rates for non AIDS related comorbidities in people living with HIV. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, 32(4), 15-21.

Blegen, M. A., Goode, C. J., Park, S. H., Vaughn, T., & Spetz, J. (2013). Baccalaureate education in nursing and patient outcomes. Journal of Nursing Administration, 43(2), 89-94. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0b013e31827f2028

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Blegen, M. A., Goode, C. J., Spetz, J., Vaughn, T., & Park, S. H. (2011). Nurse staffing effects on patient outcomes: safety-net and non-safety-net hospitals. Medical Care, 49(4), 406-414. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0b013e318202e129

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Blegen, M. A., Vaughn, T. E., & Goode, C. J. (2001). Nurse experience and education: effect on quality of care. Journal of Nursing Administration, 31(1), 33-39.

Bleijenberg, N., Imhof, L., Mahrer-Imhof, R., Wallhagen, M. I., Wit, N. J., & Schuurmans, M. J. (2017). Patient Characteristics Associated With a Successful Response to Nurse-Led Care Programs Targeting the Oldest-Old: A Comparison of Two RCTs. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 14(3), 210-222. doi:10.1111/wvn.12235

Bobay, K. L., Yakusheva, O., & Weiss, M. E. (2011). Outcomes and cost analysis of the impact of unit-level nurse staffing on post-discharg utilization. Nursing Economics, 29(2), 69-78, 87.

Bolton, L. B., Aydin, C. E., Donaldson, N., Brown, D. S., Nelson, M. S., & Harms, D. (2003). Nurse staffing and patient perceptions of nursing care. Journal of Nursing Administration, 33(11), 607-614.

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Bond, C. A., Raehl, C. L., Pitterle, M. E., & Franke, T. (1999). Health care professional staffing, hospital characteristics, and hospital mortality rates. Pharmacotherapy:The Journal of Human Pharmacology & Drug Therapy, 19(2), 130-138.

Bostick, J. E. (2004). Relationship of nursing personnel and nursing home care quality. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 19(2), 130-136.

Bourbonniere, M., Strumpf, N. E., Evans, L. K., & Maislin, G. (2003). Organizational characteristics and restraint use for hospitalized nursing home residents. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51(8), 1079-1084.

Boyle, D. K., Jayawardhana, A., Burman, M. E., Dunton, N. E., Staggs, V. S., Bergquist-Beringer, S., & Gajewski, B. J. (2016). A pressure ulcer and fall rate quality composite index for acute care units: A measure development study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 63, 73-81. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.08.020

Bragadóttir, H., Kalisch, B. J., & Tryggvadóttir, G. B. (2017). Correlates and predictors of missed nursing care in hospitals. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 26(11/12), 1524-1534. doi:10.1111/jocn.13449

Braun, B. I. (1991). The effect of nursing home quality on patient outcome. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 39(4), 329-338.

Bray, B. D., Ayis, S., Campbell, J., Cloud, G. C., James, M., Hoffman, A., . . . Rudd, A. G. (2014). Associations between stroke mortality and weekend working by stroke specialist physicians and registered nurses: prospective multicentre cohort study. PLoS Medicine / Public Library of Science, 11(8), e1001705. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001705

Buerhaus, P. I., Needleman, J., Mattke, S., & Stewart, M. (2002). Strengthening hospital nursing. Health Affairs, 21(5), 123-132.

Buffer, J., Kendall, P., Medeiros, L., Schroeder, M., & Sofos, J. (2013). Nurses and dietitians differ in food safety information provided to highly susceptible clients. Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior, 45(2), 102-108. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2012.03.001

Butler, M., Collins, R., Drennan, J., Halligan, P., O'Mathuna, D. P., Schultz, T. J., . . . Vilis, E. (2011). Hospital nurse staffing models and patient and staff-related outcomes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews(7), CD007019. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007019.pub2

Capon, A., Pavoni, N., Mastromattei, A., & Di Lallo, D. (2007). Pressure ulcer risk in long-term units: prevalence and associated factors. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 58(3), 263-272.

Carthon, J. M., Kutney-Lee, A., Jarrin, O., Sloane, D., & Aiken, L. H. (2012). Nurse staffing and postsurgical outcomes in black adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 60(6), 1078-1084. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.03990.x

Castle, N., Wagner, L., Ferguson, J., & Handler, S. (2014). Hand hygiene deficiency citations in nursing homes. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 33(1), 24-50. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0733464812449903

Castle, N. G. (2002). Nursing homes with persistent deficiency citations for physical restraint use. Medical Care, 40(10), 868-878.

Castle, N. G., & Anderson, R. A. (2011). Caregiver staffing in nursing homes and their influence on quality of care: using dynamic panel estimation methods. Medical Care, 49(6), 545-552. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0b013e31820fbca9

Castle, N. G., & Engberg, J. (2007). The influence of staffing characteristics on quality of care in nursing homes. Health Services Research, 42(5), 1822-1847.

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Castle, N. G., & Engberg, J. B. (2008). The influence of agency staffing on quality of care in nursing homes. Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 20(4), 437-457. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08959420802070130

Castle, N. G., & Myers, S. (2006). Mental health care deficiency citations in nursing homes and caregiver staffing. Administration & Policy in Mental Health, 33(2), 215-225.

Chang, M. J., Chang, Y.-J., Kuo, S.-H., Yang, Y.-H., & Chou, F.-H. (2011). Relationships between critical thinking ability and nursing competence in clinical nurses. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 20(21/22), 3224-3232. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03593.x

Chang, Y., & Mark, B. (2011). Effects of learning climate and registered nurse staffing on medication errors. Journal of Nursing Administration, 41(7-8 Suppl), S6-13. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0b013e318221c213

Chang, Y.-C., Yen, M., Chang, S.-M., & Liu, Y.-M. (2017). Exploring the relationship between nursing hours per patient day and mortality rate of hospitalised patients in Taiwan. Journal of Nursing Management, 25(2), 85-92. doi:10.1111/jonm.12443

Chaudhry, R., Scheitel, S. M., Stroebel, R. J., Santrach, P. J., Dupras, D. M., & Tangalos, E. G. (2004). Patient satisfaction with point-of-care international normalized ratio testing and counseling in a community internal medicine practice. Managed Care Interface, 17(3), 44-46.

Chen, M. M., Grabwoski, D. C. . (2014). Intended and Unintended Consequences of Minimum Staffing Standards for Nursing Homes. Health Economics, 24(7), 822–839.

Chen, M. M., Grabwoski, D. C. . (2014). Intended and Unintended Consequences of Minimum Staffing Standards for Nursing Homes. Health Economics, 24(7), 822–839.

Cho, E., Lee, N.-J., Kim, E.-Y., Kim, S., Lee, K., Park, K.-O., & Sung, Y. H. (2016). Nurse staffing level and overtime associated with patient safety, quality of care, and care left undone in hospitals: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 60, 263-271. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.05.009

Cho, E., Sloane, D. M., Kim, E. Y., Kim, S., Choi, M., Yoo, I. Y., . . . Aiken, L. H. (2015). Effects of nurse staffing, work environments, and education on patient mortality: an observational study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 52(2), 535-542. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.08.006

Cho, S. H., Hwang, J. H., & Kim, J. (2008). Nurse staffing and patient mortality in intensive care units. Nursing Research, 57(5), 322-330. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.NNR.0000313498.17777.71

Cho, S. H., Ketefian, S., Barkauskas, V. H., & Smith, D. G. (2003). The effects of nurse staffing on adverse events, morbidity, mortality, and medical costs. Nursing Research, 52(2), 71-79.

Cho, S. H., Kim, Y. S., Yeon, K. N., You, S. J., & Lee, I. D. (2015). Effects of increasing nurse staffing on missed nursing care. International Nursing Review, 62(2), 267-274. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/inr.12173

Cho, S.-H., Mark, B. A., Knafl, G., Chang, H. E., & Yoon, H.-J. (2017). Relationships Between Nurse Staffing and Patients' Experiences, and the Mediating Effects of Missed Nursing Care. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 49(3), 347-355. doi:10.1111/jnu.12292

Choi, J., & Staggs, V. S. (2014). Comparability of nurse staffing measures in examining the relationship between RN staffing and unit-acquired pressure ulcers: a unit-level descriptive, correlational study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 51(10), 1344-1352. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.02.011

Cimiotti, J. P., Haas, J., Saiman, L., & Larson, E. L. (2006). Impact of staffing on bloodstream infections in the neonatal intensive care unit. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 160(8), 832-836.

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Clark, A. P., McDougall, G., Riegel, B., Joiner-Rogers, G., Innerarity, S., Meraviglia, M., . . . Davila, A. (2015). Health Status and Self-care Outcomes After an Education-Support Intervention for People With Chronic Heart Failure. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, S3-S13. doi:10.1097/JCN.0000000000000169

Clark, P. A., Leddy, K., Drain, M., & Kaldenberg, D. (2007). State nursing shortages and patient satisfaction: more RNs--better patient experiences. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 22(2), 119-127; quiz 128-119.

Copanitsanou, P., Fotos, N., & Brokalaki, H. (2017). Effects of work environment on patient and nurse outcomes. British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing), 26(3), 172-176. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2017.26.3.172

Corazzini, K. N., Anderson, R. A., Mueller, C., Thorpe, J. M., & McConnell, E. S. (2013). Licensed practical nurse scope of practice and quality of nursing home care. Nursing Research, 62(5), 315-324. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NNR.0b013e31829eba00

Crego, N. (2014). Pediatric Sedation: Using Secondary Data to Describe Registered Nurse Practice in Radiology. Journal of Radiology Nursing, 33(4), 166-180. doi:10.1016/j.jradnu.2014.08.004

Crego, N., Baernholdt, M., & Merwin, E. (2017). Differences in Pediatric Non-Interventional Radiology Procedural Sedation Practices and Adverse Events by Registered Nurses and Physicians. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 35, 129-133. doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2016.09.003

Dabney, B. W., & Kalisch, B. J. (2015). Nurse Staffing Levels and Patient-Reported Missed Nursing Care. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 30(4), 306-312. doi:10.1097/NCQ.0000000000000123

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Davidson, M. B., Castellanos, M., Duran, P., & Karlan, V. (2006). Effective diabetes care by a registered nurse following treatment algorithms in a minority population. American Journal of Managed Care, 12(4), 226-232.

Decker, F. H. (2006). Nursing staff and the outcomes of nursing home stays. Medical Care, 44(9), 812-821.

Decker, F. H. (2008). Outcomes and length of medicare nursing home stays: the role of registered nurses and physical therapists. American Journal of Medical Quality, 23(6), 465-474. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1062860608324173

Decker, F. H. (2008). The relationship of nursing staff to the hospitalization of nursing home residents. Research in Nursing & Health, 31(3), 238-251. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nur.20249

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DiCuccio, M. H. (2015). The Relationship Between Patient Safety Culture and Patient Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Journal of patient safety, 11(3), 135-142. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PTS.0000000000000058

Dierckx de Casterl, B., Denier, Y., De Bal, N., & Gastmans, C. (2010). Nursing care for patients requesting euthanasia in general hospitals in Flanders, Belgium. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(11), 2410-2420. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05401.x

Donaldson, N., Aydin, C., & Fridman, M. (2014). Predictors of unit-level medication administration accuracy: microsystem impacts on medication safety. Journal of Nursing Administration, 44(6), 353-361. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000081

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Dubois, C. A., D'Amour, D., Tchouaket, E., Clarke, S., Rivard, M., & Blais, R. (2013). Associations of patient safety outcomes with models of nursing care organization at unit level in hospitals. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 25(2), 110-117. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzt019

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Elting, L. S., Pettaway, C., Bekele, B. N., Grossman, H. B., Cooksley, C., Avritscher, E. B., . . . Dinney, C. P. (2005). Correlation between annual volume of cystectomy, professional staffing, and outcomes: a statewide, population-based study. Cancer, 104(5), 975-984.

Epstein, S., Geniteau, E., Christin, P., Hermouet, P., Mok, E., Fournier, J., & Hankard, R. (2010). Role of a clinical nurse specialist within a paediatric multidisciplinary weight-management programme team. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 19(17/18), 2649-2651. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03296.x

Esparza, S. J., Zoller, J. S., White, A. W., & Highfield, M. E. (2012). Nurse staffing and skill mix patterns: Are there differences in outcomes? Journal of Healthcare Risk Management, 31(3), 14-23. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.20092

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Falk, A. C., & Wallin, E. M. (2016). Quality of patient care in the critical care unit in relation to nurse patient ratio: A descriptive study. Intensive & Critical Care Nursing, 35, 74-79. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2016.01.002

Farley-Toombs, C. (2011). Psychiatric Mental Health Registered Nurses (RN-PMHs): The Key to Patient Safety and Recovery-Oriented Care in Acute Psychiatric Settings. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 17(5), 356-358. doi:10.1177/1078390311421951

Fisher, K. (2016). Using nurse-led rounds to improve quality measures related to HAPUs. Nursing, 46(11), 63-68. doi:10.1097/01.NURSE.0000494657.67378.00

Flanagan, J., Stamp, K. D., Gregas, M., & Shindul-Rothschild, J. (2016). Predictors of 30-Day Readmission for Pneumonia. Journal of Nursing Administration, 46(2), 69-74. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000297

Francavilla, C. L. (2008). Registered nurse-managed anticoagulation clinic: improving patient outcomes. Nursing Economics, 26(2), 130-132.

Frith, K. H., Anderson, E. F., Caspers, B., Tseng, F., Sanford, K., Hoyt, N. G., & Moore, K. (2010). Effects of nurse staffing on hospital-acquired conditions and length of stay in community hospitals. Quality Management in Health Care, 19(2), 147-155. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QMH.0b013e3181dafe3f

Frith, K. H., Anderson, E. F., Tseng, F., & Fong, E. A. (2012). Nurse staffing is an important strategy to prevent medication error in community hospitals. Nursing Economics, 30(5), 288-294.

Gkantaras, I., Mahfoud, Z. R., Foreman, B., Thompson, D. R., Cannaby, A. M., Deshpande, D. H., . . . Gray, R. (2016). The effect of Nurse GraduaTeness on patient mortality: a cross-sectional survey (the NuGaT study). Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(12), 3034-3044. doi:10.1111/jan.13059

Goldman, R. H., Batsis, M., Hacker, M. R., Souter, I., & Petrozza, J. C. (2014). Outcomes after intrauterine insemination are independent of provider type. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 211(5), 492.e491-499. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2014.05.033

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Goryakin, Y., Griffiths, P., & Maben, J. (2011). Economic evaluation of nurse staffing and nurse substitution in health care: a scoping review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 48(4), 501-512. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2010.07.018

Gregoire, M. B. (1994). Quality of patient meal service in hospitals: delivery of meals by dietary employees vs delivery by nursing employees. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 94(10), 1129-1134.

Griffiths, P., Ball, J., Murrells, T., Jones, S., & Rafferty, A. M. (2016). Registered nurse, healthcare support worker, medical staffing levels and mortality in English hospital trusts: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 6(2), e008751. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008751

Griffiths, P., Maben, J., & Murrells, T. (2011). Organisational quality, nurse staffing and the quality of chronic disease management in primary care: observational study using routinely collected data. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 48(10), 1199-1210. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.03.011

Hall, L. M., & Doran, D. (2004). Nurse staffing, care delivery model, and patient care quality. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 19(1), 27-33.

Halm, M., Peterson, M., Kandels, M., Sabo, J., Blalock, M., Braden, R., . . . Topham, D. (2005). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, emotional exhaustion, and job dissatisfaction. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 19(5), 241-251; quiz 252-244.

Han, K. T., Kim, S. J., Jang, S. I., Kim, S. J., Lee, S. Y., Lee, H. J., & Park, E. C. (2015). Positive correlation between care given by specialists and registered nurses and improved outcomes for stroke patients. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 353(1-2), 137-142. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2015.04.034

Harless, D. W., & Mark, B. A. (2010). Nurse staffing and quality of care with direct measurement of inpatient staffing. Medical Care, 48(7), 659-663. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181dbe200

Harrington, C., Zimmerman, D., Karon, S. L., Robinson, J., & Beutel, P. (2000). Nursing home staffing and its relationship to deficiencies. Journals of Gerontology Series B-Psychological Sciences & Social Sciences, 55(5), S278-287.

Havig, A. K., Skogstad, A., Kjekshus, L. E., & Romoren, T. I. (2011). Leadership, staffing and quality of care in nursing homes. BMC Health Services Research, 11, 327. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-11-327

He, J., Almenoff, P. L., Keighley, J., & Li, Y. F. (2013). Impact of patient-level risk adjustment on the findings about nurse staffing and 30-day mortality in veterans affairs acute care hospitals. Nursing Research, 62(4), 226-232. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NNR.0b013e318295810c

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