river watershed floodplain

8/10/2019 river watershed floodplain

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RIVER Nur Aisyah Putri Yella Apriliana

sadiyah

Dwi RahayuSetyawati Rani Fitriani Karina Noveandra Hilma Muthiah Windi Novita Rizky

Erisa MarettaSilaban

Alifa Istiyani

Nurul Annisa Zikri Danar Aji Rizki Tri

Elis Listiani


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Type And Characteristics

River


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Based on the source of the river water canbe divided into three kinds

Rainy River Glacier River Mixed River


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Based on the water discharge according tothe river is divided into three kinds

Permanent River Periodic River Episodic River


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Based on the origin of events (genetics)the river is divided into 5 types

Consequent River Subsequent or strike the river valley Obsekuen River Resekuen River

Insekuen River


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Based on the geological structure of theriver is divided into two kinds

Antecedents River Superposed River


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Based on the flow pattern of theriver is divided into 6 types

Radial or menjari Dendritic Trellis Rectangular

Pinate Annular


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Watershed


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Definition

A watershed, also called a "drainagebasin" in North America, is an area in

which all water flowing into it goes to acommon outlet, such as the same estuary

or reservoir.


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The water in a watershed originatesvia precipitation that is collected on the

surface and groundwater.The area of watershed can be determined

with measure that area in topography

map. The area of watershed is reallyinfluence to river discharge.
http://geography.about.com/od/physicalgeography/a/hydrologiccycle.htmhttp://geography.about.com/od/physicalgeography/a/hydrologiccycle.htm


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Types of Watersheds

Gemuk Watershed

Kurus Watershed
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ZS1yu8Q-7xQ/T9Q-QDjFQoI/AAAAAAAAAEw/Uvq2Uda-J5s/s1600/Untitled-7.gifhttp://3.bp.blogspot.com/-xXzB3eg-w-s/T9Q94yUU9cI/AAAAAAAAAEo/-rT176Bte8Q/s1600/Untitled-6Z.gif


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Component of watershed

Physical Condition Human


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Human Impacts on Watersheds

Polution Reduce the amount of water flowing to

it


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Preventing of damaged watershed

Do not deforesting / plants in thewatershed areas

Do not building in the area of thewatershed as a residential or otherpurposes.


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Watershed Management andRestoration

Watershed management is the organization andplanning of human activities on a watershed andrecognizes the links between these activities and

the watershed's health.Watershed restoration on the other hand is

aimed at restoring already impacted watershedsto their natural state through the monitoring of

pollution and regulations to reduce further

pollution.


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FLOODPLAIN


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Definition

Floodplain is the area around the river which hasa surface elevation of land under flood water

level in the 50 year return period.Condition of the land in the region is generally

fertile flood plains and store a variety of potential

and accessibility, so as to have a high power ofdance to be cultivated and shelter, business

center and other economic activities.


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Flood and sedimentation

Generally floodplainsediment is dominatedby sediments such as

silt and mudsuspension, although

sometimes appears finesandstones deposited

by strong currents

during the flood peak.


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Point bar deposits

The precipitate which occurred at the peakof the curve called a point bar.


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Here are some of the functions ofthe river for human life, including:

Sources of Drinking Water and Water Supply As an Electrical As Transport Line As The Fresh water Fish Farming, Shrimp, and

Crab As aplace of recreation and tourism As the Sports Turf

As Exploration Place Science and Research


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Measuring Flow Velocity andDischarge


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The discharge measurementQ=AV

Which,Discharge (Q)

Area (A)Mean flow velocity (V).


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Flow velocity is measuredwith a current meter .

A plot of flow velocity versus depth offlow is called the velocity

profile. Velocity varies with depth in anon-line armanner so the averagevelocity for the subsection is not atmid-

depth (0.5d) but rather at 0.6 d fromthe water surface


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So if you want to determine theaverage velocity at a vertical, a single

measurement can be taken at 3/5 ofthe depth from the water surface

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river watershed floodplain