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8/7/2019 RFID in automation
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Name: ZHU KE
Matric No. :U076889J
Lecturer: A/P Lee Kim Seng
RFID APPLICATIONS ON AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
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Introduction
History of RFID
RFID Technology
Standardization&Commercialization
Problem & Concern
Generalapplication
By Industry
By Applications
RFID In Auto Industry
RFID SolutionProviders
Auto Industrysegments
Specific RFIDAutoIndustry Applications
Application on supplychain
Application on Real TimeTracking
Control of AssemblyProcess and Material
Application on Automotivesales
Application on Automotivedistribution & maintenance
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History of RFID
RFID Technology
Commercialization
Problem & Concern
OUTLINE
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A landmark 1948 paper by Harry Stockman, titled "Communication by Means of Reflected
Power" has solved problems in reflected-power communication
A simple system that a signal is sent to a transponder, which wakes up and either reflects back a
signal (passive system) or broadcasts a signal (active system) done by Watson-Watt
Great advancement in Radar and RF communication systems and
commercialization to of anti-theft systems using radio wave
The first patent to be associated with the abbreviation RFID was granted to Charles Walton in 1983U.S. Patent 4,384,288, United States had started the largest RFID deployment ever.
Mario Cardullo's U.S. Patent 3,713,148 in 1973 was the first true ancestor of modern RFID; a passive radio transponder with memory
Two professors David Brock and Sanjay Sarmaas established Auto-ID Center at the MassachusettsInstitute of Technology. The Auto-ID Center gained the support of more than 100 large end-user companies, and finally delivered low cost RFID Tags.
RFID had been widely used in various sectors across different industries
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Emit radio signals, Activethe tag to read and write
data
Reader emits radio wave. TagDetects the reader¶s activation
signal
Reader decodes the dataencoded in the tag¶s
circuit. Data is passed tothe host computer
Basic RFID system Process
�An antenna or coil
� A transceiver (with decoder)
� A transponder (RF tag) electronically programmed with unique
information
Basic RFID system components
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Automotive industry main
standard
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` HighFID (13.5445435p;MHz) is at the point of commercial viability. Applied
RFID is an RFID technology leader which designs, develops and
manufactures the Proxima RF� line of High-Frequency RFID readers and
reader modules. Designed to read 13.56 MHz passive tags
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Security concernsRFID tag can be read without your knowledge and could also be read from distance.This may cause the privacy problem and misuse of RFID Technology.
RFID Reader CollisionReader collision occurs when the signals from two or more readers overlap. The tag is unable torespond to simultaneous queries. Systems must be carefully set up to avoid this problem.
Global standardization
The frequencies used for RFID in the USA are currently incompatible with those of Europe or Japan.Furthermore, no emerging standard has yet become universal .
Easy disruption on RFID systemsThe electromagnetic spectrum for RFID is relatively easy to jam using energy at the right frequency. Itcould be disastrous in other environments where RFID is increasingly used, like automotive industry or
in the military.
Case: Automotive Giant: General Motors with unreliable RFID TagsRFID tags were used for tracking IP and triggering automatic end of line inspection Since it wasrequired to handle high temperature, lots of abuse and could take 2 or trips through the assemblyprocess before it died. It cost trivial for during its manufacturing.
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By Applications
By industry
OUTLINE
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` Privacy
Asset Tracking
IT
/Infrastructure
Operations
Innovation
Inventory
/Warehouse
Payment Systems
Privacy
Security and Access Control
RFID Standards
Supply Chain
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Aerospace
Apparel
Automoti e
Chemical
CPG
(Consumer Packaged
Goods)
Defence
HealthCare
Labelling
Logistics
Manufacturing
Packaging
Retail
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RFID Solution Providers
Automotive Industrysegments
OUTLINE
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Pro ider Name
Pro ider Description Successful Case
IDENTEC SOLUTIONS is the global leader in activewireless tracking solutions and technology provider for Transportation and Logistics Oil, Gas and Mining, Aerospace,etc.
VOLKSWAGEN Autostadt(Auto-City)
AeroScout is the market leader in Unified AssetVisibility (UAV). AeroScout solutions use Wi-Fi-based Active RFID, sensors, RTLS.
HolmgresBil - AutomobileDistributor and Showroom
Zebra Enterprise Solutions is focused on deliveringintegrated solutions for complex, high-value"enterprise" challenges.
Nissan North America Plant
Ubisense is the world leader in Precise Real-TimeLocation Systems and geospatial consulting,tracking people and assets.
real-time location (RTLS)technology for Aston Martin
Be a leading worldwide vendor in the industrial
automation arena, providing top value solutions and,targeting Factory Automation and Transportation.
Toyota upgrades withDatalogic Automation
IDZ was founded in 004 and headquartered in Austin, Texas. IDZ holds four U.S. patents with tenmore in process.
Dyess AFB Tool Automation(US Air Force)
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Supply ChainIn-house
ManufacturingDistribution
Sales &Maintenance
PressShop
BodyShop
PaintShop
Power Train
Final Assembly
Workcell Utilization
WIP Visibility
Parts Replenishment
Asset/vehicleTracking
Warehousemanagement
Container Management andInbound Logistics
Optimize order quantities andreduce on-hand carrying costs
Review supplier performance andother analyzer reports
Reduce down timesearching for tools or supplies
Track vehicle location toprovide better customer experience
Vehicle Inventorymanagement
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Application on supply chain of
automotive manufacturing
Application on Control of
Assembly Process and Material in
Automotive manufacturing
Application on Automotive sales
center (Israel's Biggest Automobile
importer)
Application on Automotivedistribution & maintenance
OUTLINE
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Real Time Locating Systems (RTLS)
Real-time locating systems (RTLSs)²which employ RFID tags to automatically identify assetsand individuals, as well as determine their locations in real or near-real time²have come of age.The benefits for supply chain particularly have been proven: RTLS technology improves visibility,
which, in turn, enables automotive manufacturers to save money, manage supplies, reduce labour
waste, and boost communication efficiency with suppliers, enabling supply chain partners to shareinformation.
Manufacturers
Suppliers
Suppliers
Each item
contains RFID
The item has been tracked all thetime. So that the manufacturer aswell as supplier knows the exact
amount and its location. also
There is a centralized
system which collect
all the RFID
information on
supplying items.
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Checkpoint Systems
³Checkpoint´ Systems provide visibility in a supply chainby identifying when a supplying vehicle has passedthrough a particular µgate¶. This would typically be the
arrival/departure gate of a storage yard, but couldequally be a µgate¶ within the yard where a certainprocedure is carried out.The RFID Working Group has met periodically to reviewand understand the various possible uses in the Automotive supply chain.
Real time control of inflow/outflow of supplyamount
Reducing labor on inbound logistics
Greatly improve the accuracy andefficiency
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Company
Name
RFIDApplication Description RFID
Supplier
F ord Motor Company of
Canada
Ford Motor Company of Canada has deployedWhereNet's active RFID real-time locating system
(RTLS) technology at its Oakville AssemblyComplex (OAC) in Ontario, Canada. With flexiblemanufacturing, inbound parts shipments from
suppliers are smaller and more frequent Byautomating the check-in/out procedures, the systemsaves Ford several hours a day processingdeliveries and increases efficiency within the supplychain. The system gives Ford the agility to manageits inbound supply chain on a minute-by-minutebasis to support flexible manufacturing processes
and rapidly adjust to shifting market demands.
Z ebraEnterprise
Solution
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� Material needed for manufacturing are not easily to tracked due its
� Material could be misused and also could not be indentified the misuse.MaterialVisibility
� With highly, labor could not be easily tracked in a big factory,
� Labor could also not be identified easily , which result poor HR management.Labor Visibility
� Tooling in the assembly process are too many/complex to be manually identified.
� Tooling location could not be easily tracked when in urgent need.oolin searc
� Asset could not be easily indentified when it enter hazardous area
� Long Response time when hazardous event occur during the manufacturing process.Security
� Assembly sequence could have errors at times under manual control.
� Management is in low quality due to low visibility of the entire complex process.
Assemblysequence
mana ement
Current Challenges in Automotive Assembly Process
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Track: Web-based graphical interface
provides user friendly mapping tools for tagged assets. Users can easily search for vehicles, parts, containers and other equipment by multiple properties, view their real-time and historical location and createcustom reports.
Alert :Numerous events trigger
multiple alerts and notifications for automating and improving businessprocess.
Manage: Assets categories, site maps
and user permissions and rights are fullyconfigurable
Automotive Assembly
Plant with RFID
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Increase production throughput
Minimize production and assembly disruptions
Impro e utilization le els of or cell and e uipment
Optimize flo space by enabling just in time container deli eryand impro ed in entory isibility
Optimize flo space by enabling just in time container deli eryand impro ed in entory isibility
Impro e uality by reducing manual errors and mis-processing
Direct labor sa ing s through reduced search time andautomated processes
Benefits for RFID integrated
Automoti e assembly process
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Company
Name
RFIDApplication Description RFID
Supplier
Land Rover,UK
(2007)
With RFID integrated, Land Rover has been benefitsgreatly. They utilized WhereNet battery-powered
RFID tags operate at .4 GHz and comply with theISO 4730 standard for real-time locating systems.
During assembly, if an operator notices the quantityof a specific part dwindling, he or she presses aWhereCall button on an active RFID tag on theassembly line. The RFID system simplifies theprocess of locating vehicles that need to be tested,serviced, stored or shipped, by tracking eachvehicle's location history and status. is reducing theamount of labour needed to track vehicles in its
yard, as well as ensuring vehicles aren't shipped atthe wrong times.
Z ebraEnterprise
Solution(WhereNet is
a subsidiary
of Z ebra)
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Lon Deli ery time: In hugeautomotive distribution center, with puremanual support, the efficiency to deliver one vehicle because it takes time totrack the location, amount also recorddown the changes.
Difficult on location trackin of e icles: For huge distribution centres,
it is very difficult to locate a vehicle in athousands of square fetes area. if theinformation is not properly recorded.Besides, there is no real-time trackingfor security.
Lon processin time: For instance,the verification process required the[port] supervisor to climb on the truckplatform and read the VINs from the[paper] sheet. Obviously, it extends theprocessing time.
Poor quality control: For distribution&maintenance centre, there is notracking for the vehicles throughout thedelivery process or the maintenanceprocess. The reason is the quality couldnot be centrally controlled without real-time visibility.
Poor Customer ser ice: Dueinadequate information of thecustomers, the customer service couldnot be further improved at a lower operating cost. Besides, the longresponse time could reduce customer service quality.
Hi Labor our: During the distributionprocedures, high labor should physicallypresent for checking and process thevehicle in/out flow. This also increaselabor hour and labor costcorrespondingly.
Current C allen es inCurrent C allen es inAutomoti e Distribution &Automoti e Distribution &
maintenancemaintenance
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Seamless Indoor/Outdoor Tracking with Same Tag
A typical huge outdoor parking lots for
automotive distribution center
For incoming maintenance vehicles,
maintenance centre employees can provide
that individual with personalized service
through RFID tag information pre-installedon the vehicle.
Customer kiosks enablecustomer to locate their desirable product instantly
Chokepoint Location for Exits and Individual Spaces
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Seamlessly track vehicles in both indoor and outdoor environments
Provide recise one level se aration in re ards to articular arkins aces and floors ithin a buildin
Provide alert messa e ca abilities for events, such as cars leavin anarea or com leted servicin
Enable users to maintain the constantly shiftin inventory from nearrivals, incomin and out oin rentals, and vehicles leavin the facility for test drives or off-site servicin
Track vehicles and mobile service equi ment in real-time
Deliver the ability to search for articular vehicles and vie this data frommobile handheld devices as ell as other terminals (such as em loyeedeskto s and customer-accessible kiosks).
Benefits of RFID solution for automotive distribution
&maintenance center
Flo Chart for RFID-enable distribution
and maintenance center
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Company
Name
RFIDApplication Description RFID
Supplier
Colmobil
Group
(2009)
Colmobil, Israel's largest importer of automotivevehicles, is employs an RFID system provided by BOS
to reduce labor and expedite the movement of automobiles as they are brought into the country at two
ports. Colmobil imports cars made by Mercedes Benz,Mitsubishi Motors, Mitsubishi Fuso and Hyundai. At itshuge storage parking lot, each automobile is identifiedby its vehicle identification number (VIN). With the newsystem, installed in March 009, the identification of cars can be accomplished more easily. Colmobil alsooffers vehicle maintenance and repair services to car buyers, and RFID technology use is planned to notify it
that a particular automobile has arrived at the servicing
center, as well as the identity of that vehicle's owner, sothat employees can provide that individual withpersonalized service²for example, welcoming him or her by name.
BOS
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Company
Name
RFIDApplication Description RFID
Supplier
Aston
Martin
(2009)
High-performance car manufacturer Aston Martinemploys RFID to track the movements of its
custom-made vehicles as they pass through thefinishing process to ensure they are produced
according to the demands of the automaker'scustomers. Aston Martin's employees can then goonline to see where the vehicle is located. TheUbisense server provides a map of the facility, withan icon indicating each car's specific location. Thecompany is able to know where all of its vehicleswere in real time, and to understand the dwell timeat each step, as well as which model numbers took
more or less time at any particular station. Basically,
the company can track the time spent on particular procedures, and then make business decisionsrelated to delays vehicles experience during specificprocesses.
Ubisense
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Start
� When a car leaves the production area, an electronic routing slip that includesthe vehicle ID and predelivery tasks is written to the tag. And the car is movedto a holding parking lot.
Parkin Lot
� An ILR®-enabled van equipped with a laptop drives around the parking lot.When the van approaches the desired car, the laptop emits a beep and thetag inside the car begins to blink.
Car as
� The car is then brought to an ILR®-enabled cleaning station; it isautomatically detected entering and leaving this area and its status isautomatically updated to
�Next, the car is taken to an ILR®-enabled storage facility; it is automaticallydetected entering the facility and its status is automatically updated to the tag.
�When the car is ready for delivery, The RFID-enabled platform is thenautomatically activated and takes the car to the car towers.
Deli ery
�When a customer arrives to pick up his car, the tag is removed and re-used.
Auostadt
C eck-in
emporary
Stora e
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Company
Name
RFIDApplication Description RFID
Supplier
Volkswagen
Autostadt
(Auto-City)
( 000)
VOLKSWAGEN Autostadt (Auto-City) had its grandopening. This unique project allows customers topick up their vehicle and see new trends in theautomobile industry. The solution must be able toquickly locate the car in the holding lot and track its
progress through pre-delivery activities. IDENTECSOLUTIONS has optimized the workflow for the
delivery of manufactured automobiles to thecustomer. All tasks involved in the delivery processare stored on an electronic routing slip (i.e. tag)temporarily attached to the vehicle. Each time thevehicle moves through an RFID-enabled processstation, the worker immediately knows its locationand its current status.
IDENTEC
SOLUTIONS
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Future Prospective
Reference
OUTLINE
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Dec. 14, 2009 Mark Roberti, Editor & F ounder, R F ID Journal
The talented writers and editors of R F ID Journal were imagining what the world willlook like in 030, when radio frequency identification will be ubiquitous.
how a different aspect of life and business is enhanced when RFID is involved? Afamily goes shopping in a mall and uses the technology to locate a parking spot, findinformation on items, speed up returns and much more. Emergency respondersemploy RFID to identify and manage victims in an industrial accident, coordinate thearrival of ambulances, and assign patients to hospitals based on real-time visibilityinto the availability of beds and equipment. The CEO of a midsize automotive parts
manufacturer utilizes RFID to manage outsourced production, rate on-time deliveryperformance and product defects, and develop a more collaborative relationship witha large customer.
We also look at what travel, education and home life will be like when RFID becomes ubiquitous. In all of the future scenarios we paint, most RFID technologydescribed is available today, and the rest is being tested or is currently indevelopment in labs around the world²that is, the applications do not require
passive tags that can be read from, say, 10,000 feet away, or active tags that can beread through five feet of lead.
Our goal in writing these stories was to make vividly plain why we believe radiofrequency identification will be ubiquitous in 0 years. You might not want to be onthe bleeding edge of RFID adoption today, but some firms are, because they havefigured out how to utilize the technology to reduce costs, streamline processes,improve custom service and boost sales. The benefits are real, and there is noturning back.
Easy item returns
Smart appliances
Personalization
Easy shopping
Super-efficient Automation
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` http://www.technovelgy.com/ct/Technology-Article.asp?ArtNum= 0` http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-
frequency_identification#Problems_and_concerns` http://www.aimglobal.org/technologies/rfid/what_is_rfid.asp
` http://www.logisticsmgmt.com/article/33 637-The_problem_with_RFID _and_how_to_solve_it.php
` http://www.identecsolutions.com/aboutus.html` http://www.ems-rfid.com/` http://www.idzonline.com/about
` http://www.aeroscout.com/content/manufacturing` http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/view/5 96` http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/view/3898/1` http://www.boscorporate.com/?CategoryID=194&ArticleID=91` http://www.rsa.com/rsalabs/node.asp?id= 117