PARTICLE MODEL, STATES OF MATTER, PHASE CHANGES

Review Session 1

Concept 1: Matter

Def: Anything that has mass and occupies space

Everything is made of matter!

Atom : smallest unit of matter

Use particle model to represent states of matter

Concept 2: Particle Model

Model to help explain different states of matter

Key principles

Substances made of small particles (same or different) where there exists space

Particles in constant motion; speed depends on temperature

Concept 3: States of Matter

Three states of matter

Solid

Liquid

Gas

States of Matter

Solid Liquid Gas

-Definite shape and volume -Atoms held by strong bonds

-No definite shape - Definite volume -Atoms held by weak bonds

- No definite shape - No definite volume - Atoms not held by

bonds

Solid

Solid

Liquid

Liquid

Gas

Gas

Typical Exam Questions on Particle Model and States of Matter

The three states of matter found on earth are:

a) Solid, liquid, gas

b) Solid, plasma, gas

c) Plasma, liquid, gas

d) Solid, liquid, plasma

Typical Exam Questions on Particle Model and States of Matter

A substance with a definite shape and volume is a :

a) Gas

b) Liquid

c) Solid

d) Plasma

Typical Exam Questions on Particle Model and States of Matter

A substance without a definite shape but with a definite volume is a :

a) Gas

b) Liquid

c) Solid

d) Plasma

Typical Exam Questions on Particle Model and States of Matter

When the temperature of a substance decreases, the particles…

a) Move faster

b) Move slower

c) Start separating

d) None of the above

Typical Exam Questions on Particle Model and States of Matter

What is the definition of matter?

a) The amount of matter in a substance

b) The amount of space occupied by a substance

c) How fast the particles move

d) Anything that has mass and occupies space

Concept 4: Phase Changes

Moving from one state of matter to the next

6 transitions

3 transitions due to increasing energy (heat)

3 transitions due to decreasing energy (heat)

Phase changes where heat is added

Melting

Solid to Liquid

Phase changes where heat is added

Boiling/Evaporation

Liquid to Gas

Phase changes where heat is added

Sublimation

Solid to Gas

Phase changes where heat is removed

Deposition

Gas to Solid

Phase changes where heat is removed

Condensation

Gas to Liquid

Phase changes where heat is removed

Freezing/Solidification

Liquid to Solid

Typical Exam Questions on Phase Changes

Which of the following phase changes is heat added to the system?

a) Solidification

b) Sublimation

c) Deposition

d) Condensation

Typical Exam Questions on Phase Changes

Which of the following phase changes is heat removed from the system?

a) Solidification

b) Sublimation

c) Deposition

d) Both a and c

Typical Exam Questions on Phase Changes

A popsicle turning into sugar water on a hot day is an example of

a) Freezing

b) Melting

c) Deposition

d) Condensation

Typical Exam Questions on Phase Changes

Steam turning into ice on your window is an example of

a) Freezing

b) Melting

c) Deposition

d) Condensation

Key

Remembering definitions

Knowing examples of phase changes