604 CHAPTER 20

CRITICAL THINKINGREVIEW QUESTIONS

Physical Geography• The physical geography of South

Asia and Southeast Asia includesmountains, plateaus, river deltas,and islands.

• Landformsand climatecontinue toinfluencewhere peo-ple settleand whatthey do fora living.

AncientIndia• Merging with the

existing culture,the Aryan peopleinfluenced thedevelopment of social structure and religion inancient India.

• Hinduism provided instruction fordaily life as well as inspiration forartists and emperors.

Ancient Crossroads• As a crossroads for trade and culture,

ancient Southeast Asia shared goodsand ideas with places as far away asIndia, China, and Africa.

• Hinduism andBuddhismbecame thefoundation ofseveral power-ful empires inSoutheast Asia.

TERMS & NAMES

Visual Summary

Identifying Effects1. Using your completed chart from

Reading Social Studies, p. 582, writetwo or three sentences describing howBuddhism affected Southern Asia.

Making Inferences2. If you were an archaeologist, what

would you conclude about the peoplewho inhabited Mohenjo-Daro, basedon the evidence that currently exists?

Comparing and Contrasting3. In what ways are Buddhism and

Hinduism similar and different?

Physical Geography (pages 583–589)1. What are the three major geographical regions of South Asia?2. How do the monsoons affect South Asia and Southeast Asia?

Ancient India (pages 591–596)3. What did the Aryan people bring to the Indus Valley, and what

did they learn from the civilization that was already in place?4. What are the main beliefs and characteristics of Hinduism?5. When did India’s golden age occur, and what were its major

contributions?

Ancient Crossroads (pages 598–603)6. How did early travelers to Southeast Asia influence that region’s

culture?7. How is Buddhism similar to and different from Hinduism?8. How did Hindu and Buddhist beliefs affect the empires of

Southeast Asia?

Explain the significance of each of the following:1. subcontinent 2. sediment 3. archipelago 4. monsoon 5. Aryan6. Hinduism 7. caste 8. Buddhism 9. Siddhartha Gautama 10. Khmer

Southern Asia: Place and Times 605

Use the map and your knowledge of world cultures andgeography to answer questions 1 and 2.

Additional Test Practice, pp. S1–S33

1. Into what body of water does the Ganges River flow?

A. Arabian Sea

B. Bay of Bengal

C. Brahmaputra River

D. Indus River

2. Which region of India has the highest elevation?

A. the eastern coast

B. the western coast

C. the northern tip

D. the southern tip

The following news report describes the effect of heavymonsoon rains in India. Use the quotation and yourknowledge of world cultures and geography to answerquestion 3.

August 16, 2002 Monsoon rains have sent India’sBrahmaputra River surging from its channel, swallowing upvillages, drowning hundreds of people and leaving millionshomeless. . . . Annual monsoon flooding has wreakedhavoc across South Asia, killing more than 900 people inIndia, Bangladesh, and Nepal since June and displacing ortrapping about 25 million more. In Bangladesh, the FloodForecasting and Warning Center said Friday that heavy rainsin parts of the Himalayas could cause the third flooding inthe low-lying river delta since the monsoons began.

from MMII The Associated Press

3. What conclusion can you draw from this news report?

A. No one should ever live in a region that experiencesmonsoons.

B. The Indian government should change the course of theBrahmaputra River.

C. The Flood Forecasting and Warning Center is doing a poorjob.

D. Heavy rains in mountains can cause floods in nearbylowlands.

Ganges R.

Brahmaputra R.

DECCAN

PLATEAU

NORTHERNPLAINS

Ind usR

.

Sutlej R.PLATEAU OF TIBET

Mohenjo-Daro

Harappa

EA

STE

RN

GHATS

WE

ST

ER

NG

HA

TS

HI

MA

LA

Y AM

T S .

KARAKORAM

RANG

E

HINDU KUSH

KhyberPass

BolanPass

ArabianSea

Bay ofBengal

I N D I A N O C E A N

I N D I A

70°E 90°E 110°E

20°N

10°N

0

0 250 500 kilometers

250 500 miles

Elevation(4,000 m)(2,000 m)

(500 m)(200 m)

(0 m)Below sea level

13,100 ft.6,600 ft.1,600 ft.

650 ft.0 ft.

N

1. WRITING ABOUT HISTORY

Imagine you are a trader who has come to Southeast Asia fromIndia around A.D. 100. Research what goods you might havebrought to trade, what goods you hope to trade for, and whatsites you have seen. Then write letter to a relative back home inIndia describing your experience. Share your letter with the class.

2. COOPERATIVE LEARNING

In a group with three or four other classmates, write abiographical sketch about one of the people in the chapter,such as Ashoka or Siddhartha Gautama. You might also want toinvent a character such as an Indian trader, a Buddhist monk, ora Gupta or Khmer emperor. Discuss ideas about a situation inwhich the person you choose is trying to convince other peopleof his or her views and beliefs. Work together to write a scriptfor a short play. Then divide the roles of the central character,supporters, and critics and perform the play for your class.

ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENT

Doing Internet ResearchUse the Internet to research floods in the Ganges River valley.Then write a report about what you have learned. List the Websites you used to prepare your report.• Specifically try to find information about floods that have

been caused by deforestation and soil erosion in Tibet.

• Include a map or chart that helps convey the information.

For Internet links to support this activity, go to

CL AS SZONE .COM

RESEARCH LINKS

CL AS SZONE .COM

TEST PRACTICE