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Review of Unit 1 SBA. By Nyoka English. Problem Definition. Identifies an organization and gives a brief description of the organization, zeroing in on a single problem it faces, and the effects of that problem. Problem Definition Issues. Students who score poorly have the following issues: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Review of Unit 1 SBA
ByNyoka English
Problem Definition
Identifies an organization and gives a brief
description of the organization, zeroing in on a
single problem it faces, and the effects of that
problem
Problem Definition Issues O Students who score poorly have the following
issues:
highlighting multiple problems
excluding the background to the problem and as
a result have no context in which the problem
exists
stating the causes of the problem
including /proposing solutions to the problem
identified
writing a problem definition around a solution
RecommendationsO Students are required to identify an
organization that is currently in their environment and facing a problem.
O They are required to include the following:
a brief background of the organization
a single problem should be established
the effects of the problem on the organization
and its operations
ActivityO In your groups
O Use the scopes previously established to write a problem definition.
Ghant Chart
A visual representation of a project schedule
Ghant Chart IssuesO Students who score poorly have the
following issues:
did not show all the stages of the Problem
Solving Process
used timelines that were unrealistic
used a table format instead of a chart
combined tasks and excluded important
tasks
RecommendationsO Students should be encouraged to create Gantt
charts that :
provide a true reflection of the life of the project.
have meaningful heading and axes that are
appropriately labelled and scaled
if symbols are used, a legend should be
incorporated
shows ALL stages, from Analysis of the Problem
to Justification of Solution, a total of 5 tasks.
RecommendationsO Students can use software tools to
design their charts such as Milestone or MS Project
ActivityO In your groups develop a timeline for
your project.
Analysis of the Problem
This section requires the student to use at
least 3 fact finding tools to show the major
cause(s) of the problem stated in the
Problem Definition
Analysis of the Problem Issues
O Students who score poorly have the following issues:
O describing the analysis tools; listing
advantages and disadvantages
O describing the effects of the problem
O presenting raw data without any analysis
that points to the cause of the problem
Analysis of the Problem Issues
O Students who score poorly have the following issues:
O describing the problem in detail, failing to
identify the causes of the problem
O questions chosen for the interviews and
questionnaires were not always relevant
to the SBA and very often added no value
to the analysis
Analysis of the Problem Issues
Students who score poorly have the following issues:
o did not interpret the findings obtained
from the fact-finding tools, as a result the
causes of the problem were not
sufficiently established
o utilized fact-finding tools that were not
appropriate for their situation
RecommendationsO Students should use fact-finding tools that are
suitable for their project. Examples of fact-finding tools are:
O Questionnaires
O Interviews
O Observation
O Review of documentation
O Surveys
O Focus groups
O Experiments.
Recommendations
O Analysis of data garnered from the three
or more fact-finding tools must point to
the causes of the problem.
O The observation technique cannot be
done in one sitting, it must be done over
period of time. An observation checklist
or schedule should be created.
Recommendations
O Fact-finding tools should be ordered
O E.g. questionnaire interview
observation
O Students do not need to explain the
fact-finding techniques being used in
the study.
Activity
In your groups you will be assigned a
fact- finding tool. You are to use the
tool to come up with a single
statement that shows a cause of the
problem previously identified.
Identification of Possible Solutions
O Two or more complete possible solutions should
be identified in this section.
Identification of Possible Solution Issues
Students who score poorly have the following issues:
O suggesting solutions of similar nature without explaining
the differences. E.g. a DBMS and a Spreadsheet as their
solutions
O suggesting solutions that only solved specific parts of the
problem and not the problem in its entirety
Identification of Possible Solution Issues
Students who score poorly have the following issues:
O identifying manual solutions
O drawing flowcharts, dataflow
diagrams or writing pseudocode
Recommendations
O Solutions identified should be relevant and realistic
to the problem and describe a complete IT-based
(information processing) system.
O Elements of each solution should cover
O Hardware
O Software
O Procedures
O Personnel and end users
O Network technology
Evaluation of Possible Solutions
O This section requires students to objectively evaluate
the two or more solutions identified in the previous
section, using the following elements:
O Hardware tools
O Software tools
O Other equipment
O Personnel
O Cost
O Other relevant entities – e.g. security, implementation,
maintenance and time for development
Evaluation of Possible Solutions Issues
Students who score poorly have the following issues:
O failed to describe elements previously outlined
O included advantages and disadvantages of the
solutions only
O present tables showing weighted elements but failed
to elaborate on the elements and the weights
allotted to each. Some of the elements used did not
relate to the elements specified in the syllabus.
Evaluation of Possible Solutions Issues
Students who score poorly have the following
issues:
O evaluated solutions that were not identified previously
O proposed more than one solution but only evaluated the
one they believed to be the most feasible solution
O presented only pictures of the hardware components of
their identified solutions
Recommendations
O Evaluate all identified solutions
O Evaluate solutions treating all elements
O Employ a weighted, balanced scorecard
that addresses the necessary elements
accompanied by an elaboration on the
elements, the weights assigned to each
and the reason for that assignment.
SolutionThis section requires students to choose the
most feasible solution from the previously
identified IT-based possible solutions.
Solution Issues
Students who score poorly have the
following issues:
O selecting solutions that were not previously
identified
O selecting manual solutions
O selecting a solution from two similar solutions
O only identified one solution in the Identification of
Possible Solutions section, so they could only choose
that solution
Recommendations
O Students should only select from
solutions previously identified.
O Students should have an explicit
section to state the recommended
solution.
O Refrain from joining this section with
the Justification of Solution.
Justification of Solution
This section requires students to
thoroughly analyze the issues related
to the implementation of the chosen
solution, propose strategies for
dealing with the issues and provide an
appropriate justification for all the
strategies recommended.
Justification of Solution Issues
Students who score poorly have the following
issues:
O discussing strengths of the solution only without
adding issues that may arise from its implementation
O did not identify any issues pertaining to the
implementation of the solution
O did not provide any strategies for handling the issues
identified
Justification of Solution Issues
Students who score poorly have the
following issues:
O did not do any comparison to show why the
solution chosen was better than the one(s)
rejected in relation to solving the problem
identified
O listed advantages and disadvantages of the
solution without explaining the applicability to their
choice.
Recommendations
O Students can enhance their justification
with the use of a strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities, threats
(SWOT) analysis to justify the solution
chosen.
O Students should also defend the chosen
solution over the other solutions.
Recommendations
O Suggested strategies must provide a
clear indication of how each
identified issue will be mitigated or
eradicated. It should be noted that
issues within this section relate to
concerns that would result from
implementation of the solution.
Presentation and Communication of Information
This section requires students to present
their report in a format and style to meet
minimumstandards of papers for academic purposes.
Presentation and Communication of Information Issues
Students who score poorly have the following
issues:
o abstract not present or is inappropriate
o references are either missing or not in a proper MLA
or APA format
o has a table of contents but page numbers are
missing or does not correspond to the document
o some page numbers are present but the table of
contents is missing.
Presentation and Communication of Information Issues
Students who score poorly have the following
issues:
o page numbers are written in with a pencil or pen
o the document does not have the proper headings
and subheadings
o there are inconsistences in font style, size and
spacing
o the cover page is incomplete
RecommendationsO If questionnaires, interview questions and
charts are placed in the appendix they should
be referenced in the body of the document.
O Word processors include a wizard to create a
table of contents with different levels
corresponding to headings and subheadings.
RecommendationsO The abstract should only give an overview of
the requirements of the project and not a
description of the solution.
O Since the report is in print, it is expected that
the page numbers be in print as well.
Recommendations
O The cover page should include the following:
O Title
O Name of Candidate
O Candidate Number
O Territory
O School Name and number
O Year of Examination
Recommendations
O The project should reflect in its entirety MLA or
APA formats. These formats address:
O Font style (Times New Roman) and size (12)
throughout the document
O Font size and formatting for headings
O Page margins
O Line spacing
O Justification of the document
O Presentation of sources used
RecommendationsO APA Guide
O https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/10/
O MLA GuideO https://
owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/11/
ReferencesCaribbean Examination Council (2008) CAPE Information Technology
Syllabus. Barbados: Caribbean Examination Council
Caribbean Examination Council (2013) Report on Candidates’ Work in
the Caribbean Advanced Proficiency Examination. Retrieved from
<file:///C:/Users/SLDB/Documents/IT%20SBA%20PREs/CAPEJune2013InformationTechnology_SR.pdf>
Caribbean Examination Council (2014) School Based Assessment
Handbook