Rev.4{F) 16/96 Project PO ITTO...4. Have gained a better understanding of the objectives, goals, and procedures of the IITO project. Organization The training was organized by IITO

,: .. L ...

:. :·1 :. 1\··:,

•. ·1

ITTO-GMU/ER-02/1999/003A Training Report No. 2A

ITTO Project PO 16/96 Rev.4{F)

EX SITU CONSERVATION OF SHOREA LEPROSULA AND

LOPHOPETALUM MULTINERVIUM AND THEIR USE FOR

FUTURE BREEDING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

TRAINING IN CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT

OF GENETIC RESOURCES

YOGYAKARTA, 19-23 MARCH 1999

PART I

FACULTY OF FORESTRY

GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

YOGYAKARTA

1999

Foreword

This report is published as a result of the first training organized by the Project. As

part of the Project activities on transfer of technology three training courses will be

organized in Year I with the assistance of the International Experts invited as

consultants to the Project.

The training activities cater the needs of human resource development for the people

involved in the Project activities.

The training in Conservation and Management of Genetic Resources was attended

by 19 participants consisting of 11 persons from the Forest Enterprises and 8

persons were junior teaching staff of the Faculty of Forestry, Gadjah Mada

University.

The training is funded by ITIO in cooperation with Perum Perhutani and PT. Inhutani

I-V, the State Forest Enterprises of Indonesia.

Yogyakarta, April 1999

Prof. Oemi Hani'in Suseno

Chairperson of ITIO Project

Table of Contents

Part I. Management and Evaluation

1. Introduction ........................................................................................ 1

2. The rationale ...................................................................................... 1

3. Venue and Dates ........ ............... ....... .............. ............. ...................... 2

4. Objectives... ................. ....................... .............. ........ ......................... 2

5. Organization ........ ............ ............... ...... ................. ................... ......... 3

6. Opening Session .............. ........ .................... ....... .................... .......... 3

7. Participants........................................................................................ 3

8. Programs ............... ............................. ....... ....... ..... ................. ........... 3

9. Training Activities ........................ ......... ................... ........................... 4

10. Closing Session ..................................... ................ .......... ......... ......... 4

11. Evaluation of the Training .................................................................. 4

Appendices:

I. The Opening Program and Speeches

11. List of Participants

Ill. Schedule of Activities

IV. List of Resource Persons

V. The Closing Program and Speeches

VI. Evaluation

Training in Conservation and Management of Genetic Resources

Introduction

Ex situ conservation refers to the conservation of components of biological diversity

outside their natural habitats. Ex situ genetic conservation is achieved by preservation

of samples of plant genetic resources in gene collections or gene banks.

ITIO project PO 16/96 Rev.4(F) on ex situ conservation of two selected species and

their use for future breeding and biotechnology initiates fundamental research activities

that will: (1) avert a decline in the genetic variability within Shorea JeprosuJa and

LophopetaJum muJtinervium, and (2) use these genetic collections for more efficient

breeding and biotechnology programs in the future.

The expected outputs of this project may be used to meet policy and to develop ex situ

conservation action plans with sound scientific foundations. One of the projects output

will also be utilized as a model for the demonstration of establishment of ex situ

conservation plantations.

One of the specific objectives of the project is to create effective programs of education

and technology transfer that may be used to train appropriate personnel in methods for

ex situ conservation of tropical forest tree.

To achieve the objective, the ITIO project invited young scientists from the forest

enterprises and the university who are involved in the project implementation to

participate in this training to acquire a better understanding of various aspects of ex situ

conservation.

The Rationale

The Tropical Rain Forest of Indonesia is widely acknowledged as one of the most

species rich and complex terrestrial ecosystems in the world. It is also known as a

Center of biological diversity and a Center of endemism and, therefore, Indonesia

is also acknowledged as containing Mega Diversity. The global interests in this

ecosystem are in part stimUlated by the recognition that the Tropical Rain Forest is a

treasure house of potentially useful species, whether as a gene pool of domesticated

Report of the Training in Conservation and Management of Genetic Resources Yogyakarta. 19-23 March 1999

1

species, as a source of timber or minor forest products, or biologically active

compounds.

The Indonesian Tropical Rain Forest flora is still poorly studied, but on the otherhand,

this biological diversity is being threatened by processes of de-forestation, over

exploitation, illegal cutting, and fire. Aware that biological diversity and genetic

resources are being significantly reduced by certain human activities, specific actions

have to be taken.

Sustainable forest management needs to attain a balance between the wise use of

resources and their conservation. The global concern for conservation of forest genetic

resources has led to a call for action to conserve, manage and sustainably these

genetic resources (FAO, 1997). The call for action to conserve genetic resources

involves not only preventing extinction but also ensuring the availability of resources for

future use through adaptations to changing environments (Namkoong, 1997).

Recognizing the limitations of existing management capability and personnel available

to implement the IITO project PD 16/96 Rev.4(F}, the project personnel with technical

assistance from Oregon State University, organized a Training Workshop in

Conservation and Management of Genetic Resources.

During the Training Workshop, the trainees were given recent developments of both in

situ & ex situ conservation from both theoretical and practical viewpoints, the

technique of isoenzyme analyses for genetic conservation, and a review of tree

improvement. The major concerns of this Training Workshop are the theoretical and

practical aspects of the conservation and management of forest genetic resources,

and the production of high quality forest plantations in the future.

Venue and Dates

The training was held at Radisson Yogya Plaza Hotel, Yogyakarta, from 19 to 23

March 1999.

Objectives

At the end of the training, the participants would:

1. Have gained a better understanding on the concept of ex situ conservation

2. Have gained a better understanding of the importance of conserving genetic

resources

3. Have gained a better understanding of the linkages between conservation and

breeding

Report of the Training in Conservation and Management of Genetic Resources Yogyakarta. 19-23 March 1999

2

4. Have gained a better understanding of the objectives, goals, and procedures of the

IITO project.

Organization

The training was organized by IITO Project PO 16/96 Rev.4(F) based at the Faculty of

Forestry, Gadjah Mada University, with a guest lecturer from the College of Forestry,

Oregon State University, USA.

Opening Session

The training on Ex situ Conservation and Management of Genetic Resources was

officially opened on Tuesday, 19 March 1999. The opening remarks were made by

Prof. Oemi Hani'in Suseno, the Chairperson of IITO project, followed by remarks by

Prof. Bart A. Thielges, the Course Leader. Another speech was delivered by Dr.

Sambas Sabarnurdin, the Dean of the Faculty of Forestry, Gadjah Mada University,

who also declared the training open. The Opening Program and the speeches are

attached as Appendix I

Participants

A total of 19 participants attended the training, consisting of 11 persons from the Forest

Entreprises and 8 persons from the Faculty of Forestry, Gadjah Mada University. The

names and addresses of the participants are listed in Appendix 11.

Program

The training program consisted of a series of lectures, a field trip and discussions. The

topics of the lectures, discussions and the field trip are listed below:

Lectures:

1. Introduction to Conserving Forest Resources

2. Overview of Genetic Conservation: theory and strategies

3. In situ Conservation

4. Ex situ Conservation

5. The Application of Isoenzyme Analysis for Breeding and Conservation

6. Forest Tree Breeding

Discussion

1. Discussion of the IITO Project

2. Panel

Report of the Training ;n Conservation and Mallagement of Genetic Resources Yogyakarta. 19-23 March 1999

3

Field trip

Field trip to Wanagama, a forest conservation area belongs to Gadjah Mada University

Training Activities

The training activities were mainly lectures and discussions. A field trip was arranged to

show to the participants to the area where conservation of a deforested land has been

successful and also to show an example of test plantations. The schedule of activities

is given in Appendix Ill.

All the lecturers performed their duties very well, by giving relevant information and

techniques to the participants. On the other hand, the participants took full participation

in the lectures by asking a lot of questions. Apparently, language barriers did not

discourage them during the discussion. The names and addresses of the resource

persons are listed as Appendix IV.

Closing Session

After 5 days of intensive deliberations, the training was closed on 23 March 1999. An

overview of the conduct of the training was given by Prof. Bart A. Thielges, the Course

Leader, followed by a remarks by Mr. Sadhardjo Sm as the representative of the

participants. After presentation of the certificates, closing remarks were delivered by

Prof. Oemi Hani'in Suseno, the Chairperson of the ITIO Project. The program of the

closing session is given as Appendix V.

Evaluation of the Training

To acquire feedback from the participants, an evaluation questionnaire was given at

the end of the training. Such evaluation is an important measure of the success of any

activity, and it is a useful input to design future programs. The results of the evaluation

are given as Appendix VI.

Report of the Training in Conservation and Management of Genetic Resollrces Yogyakarta, 19-23 March 1999

4

Appendices

The Opening Progratn and Speeches

ITTO Project PO 16/96 Rev.4(F)

Training in Conservation of Genetic Resources

Yogyakarta, 19-23 March 1999

Opening Ceremony

09:00 Opening remarks by the Chairperson of ITIO Project

09: 1 0 Remarks by the Course Leader, Prof. Bart A. Thielges

09:20 Remarks and official opening by the Dean of the Faculty of Forestry/the Vice Chairman of PSC, Dr. Moch. Sambas Sabarnurdin, M.Sc

09:30 Introduction of participants and resource persons

Group picture

09:45 Refreshment

Opening remarks by the Chairperson of ITIO Project

Dr. Moch. Sambas Sabarnurdin, the Dean of the Faculty of Forestry, Gadjah Mada University and the Vice Chairman of PSC

Prof. Bart A. Thielges, the Associate Dean of the College of Forestry, Oregon State University, USA

Prof. Soekotjo and Dr. Na'iem, co-resource persons of the training

Dear participants,

Good morning ladies and gentleman. I am very pleased to welcome you to the Training in Conservation and Management of Genetic Resources.

First of all, may I express my sincere appreciation to the Dean of the Faculty of Forestry who will officiate the opening of this training.

This is the first training being organized by IITO project, hosted by the Faculty of Forestry, Gadjah Mada University. This training is attended by ....... persons, twelve of them come from the forest enterprises, namely Perum Perhutani, PT. INHUTANII, PT. INHUTANI 11, PT. INHUTANI Ill, PT. INHUTANI IV and PT. INHUTANI V. One person comes from the Forest Tree Improvement Research and Development Centre, and the rest are our young teaching staff who in one way or another involved in ex situ conservation project.

The Course leader is Prof. Bart A. Thielges, an expert in ex situ Conservation from Oregon State University, USA, whom we invited to become our consultant. The other resource persons are the national experts who are directly involved in the project.

The main objective of the training is to introduce the basic concept of ex situ conservation to the participants who are involved in the implementation of the project. By understanding more of the concept, hopefully they will be more aware on the importance of ex situ conservation, and why we should do that.

It is our hope that the participants will not only gain the knowledge, but also have a chance to discuss thoroughly what they have experienced in field, and to compare between the theory and the application, including all the constraints that they have or may encounter during field work.

Finally, may I extend our gratitude to IITO and to the forest enterprises for their financial support so that this training can be organized on time.

Good luck!

Prof. Oemi Hani'in Suseno Chairperson, IITO Project

Selamat Pagi!

Introductory Remarks

Bart A. Thielges

I'm very pleased to be able to participate in this important event - the first educational

session of our IITO- sponsored project on conservation of genetic resources.

During the past 15 or so years, there has been quite a bit of concern and discussion

about gene conservation programs for tropical tree species, but very little action to date.

I believe, as do my colleagues at the Faculty of Forestry, Gadjah Mada University, that it

is time now to begin carefully planned and well executed programs to conserve genetic

variability in tropical hardwood species in Indonesia. We are here at the sponsorship of

the International Tropical Timber Organization (IITO) to discuss, in general, the theory

and practice of conserving plant genetic resources and, in particular, the conservation

strategies for Shore a leprosula and Lophopetalum mUltinervium. I believe that our IITO

Project has the potential to serve as a model for other genetic conservation programs,

not only in Southeast Asia, but also worldwide.

All over the world, precious genetic resources - of both plants and animals - are being

lost to land clearing, natural disasters, and the long-term effects of pollution such as

global climate change. Nowhere is the potential for major losses greater than in the

tropics, where current population growth and agricultural and industrial development are

greatly accelerating these processes. We need to profit from our knowledge of past

population- and development-driven mistakes in the Temperate Zone and from modern

technology to develop strategies that will help us to avoid or to minimize genetic loss or

damage in the tropics.

Gadjah Mada University and the Government of Indonesia are to be congratulated for

developing this unique project. And ITIO and the Indonesian forest industry must be

applauded for their support and their funding, as well. I consider this project to be

unique not only in terms of its timeliness, scope and size but because it also -

combines genetic conservation and sustainable productivity objectives;

has a strong partnership between the university, government, and industry;

has very long-term goals which include the potential for genetic improvement;

has a major education, training and technology transfer component.

As foresters, it is appropriate for us to have a "stewardship" ethic regarding the lands we

protect and manage. It follows that the conservation of our forest resources, especially

at the level of the genetic variability of the species that comprise the forests, is an issue

to which we must respond individually and as a professional community, as well. It truly

fits into all definitions of "ecosystem management".

This four-day course is intended to provide you with an overview on the need for genetic

conservation and its theory and practice, as well. We also want to review the potential

that genetic conservation presents for future species improvement through selection and

breeding and through genetic transformation. We hope that you will come away from

this session with the feeling that you have learned some new philosophy as well as

some practical technologies.

This ITIO Project and this initial course represent an exciting opportunity for all of us to

participate on the cutting edge of conservation of forest tree genetic resources in the

tropics. I look forward to working with you over the next four days and later, as well, as

together we move this important genetic conservation program forward over the next

three years.

Remarks by the Dean, Faculty of Forestry, Gadjah Mada University

Prof. Oemi Hani'in Suseno, The Chairperson of IITO Project, Prof. Bart A. Thielges,

the Associate Dean, College of Forestry, Oregon State University

Dear participants and resource persons,

It is an honour for me to be here with you to attend the opening ceremony of the

Training in Conservation and Management of Genetic Resources, the first training

ever organized by the IITO Project in Gadjah Mada University.

First of all, may I welcome you to Yogyakarta, the second biggest tourist destination

in Indonesia. Secondly, as the Vice Chairman of the Project Steering Committee of

IITO project, may I extend my special appreciation to Prof. Bart A. Thielges who has

come along way from home to help develop ex situ conservation activities with us.

I am sure that your contribution to the ex sitL! conservation project will highly motivate

the young scientists in implementing their tasks.

We are proud to host the ex situ conservation project as we believe that the result will

give a very significant contribution to the sustainable forest development in

Indonesia, particularly through an efficient way of tropical forest production. May I

take this opportunity to congratulate Prof. Oemi and the group who has been working

very hard to gain the support of IITO for this important project.

I do hope that the participants will enjoy both the scientific as well as the social

interactions during the training.

Now allow me to declare that the training in Conservation and Management of

Genetic Resources is opened

Dr. Moch. Sambas Sabarnurdin, M.Sc

Dean, Faculty of Forestry, GMU

And Vice Chairman of PSC

IITO Project

List of Participants

-~----------------------~~

Name Institution Position Office address

Telephone Facsimile E-mail


Telephone Facsimile


Telephone Facsimile


Telephone Facsimile

PARTICIPANTS

Or. Ir. Irsyal Yasman PT.INHUTANII Kepala Biro HTI Gedung Manggala Wanabakti, Blok VII Lt. 12 JI. Gatot Subroto - Jakarta (021)5731724,5731765,5731778 (021) 573 4335 [email protected]

Rian Winarti, S.Hut PT. INHUTANII Staf Litbang PT. INHUTANII SP HTI Melak JI. Slamet Riyadi No. 2, Samarinda JI. Diponegoro No. 20, Kec. Melak Kab. Kutai (0541) 272 413, (0545) 41191 (0545) 411 97

Ir. Rosilawati PT. INHUTANI 11 Staf khusus 11 Pengamatan & Pengembangan Gedung Manggala Wanabakti Blok VII Lt. 13 JI. Gatot Subroto - Jakarta (021) 573 7094-95 (021) 573 3790

Ir. Usmandoyo PT. INHUTANIII Unit Usaha Kal-Sel Kepala Seksi Pembinaan PT. INHUTANIII Unit Usaha Kalimantan Selatan Stagen PO BOX 102, Kotabaru Pulau Laut, Kalimantan Selatan 72101 (0518) 23479 (0518) 23480


Telephone Facsimile

Name Institution Position

Office address

Telephone Facsimile


Office address



Telephone Facsimile

Ir. Arnanto Nurprabowo, MP PT. INHUTANIIII Staf Siro Perencanaan Jakarta Gedung Manggala Wanabakti Slok VII Lt. 14 JI. Gatot Subroto - Jakarta (021) 570 0304 (021) 5704630

Ir. Redy Setyawan PT.INHUTANIIII Staf PT. INHUTANIIII Sampit Kompleks PT. INHUTANIIII Sampit, Kalimantan Tengah (0531) 21044 (0531) 21044

Ir. Sabaris Wantono PT. INHUTANI IV Head of Jakarta Representative, PT.INHUTANIIV Gedung Manggala Wanabakti Slok VII Lt. 14 JI. Gatot Subroto - Jakarta (021) 572 1292 (021) 572 1293 [email protected]

Jr. Dahri Chairudin PT. INHUTANI IV Plh. Kasi Pembinaan Hutan JI. Hangtuah 56 Rengat - Riau (0769) 21687 (0769) 21185


Telephone Facsimile






Office address Telephone Facsimile E-mail

Ir. Edi Iswahyudi PT. INHUTANI V Field Manager JI. Demang Lebar Daun 5248 Palembang (0711) 317 336 (0711) 317 338

Ir. Sadhardjo Sm, M.Sc Perum Perhutani Kepala Sub Divisi Pengembangan & KLN Gedung Manggala Wanabakti Slok VII Lt. 11 JI. Gatot Subroto - Jakarta (021) 572 1282 (021) 573 3696 [email protected]

Ir. Pudjorahardjo, M.Sc Perum Perhutani Kepala Divisi Renbang Gedung Manggala Wanabakti Slok VII Lt. 11 JI. Gatot Subroto - Jakarta (021) 572 1282 (021) 573 3696 [email protected]

Gunawan Wibisono, S.Hut Gadjah Mada University Staf Jurusan Sudi Daya Fakultas Kehutanan UGM Sulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 (0274) 902 220 (0274) 902 220 [email protected]









Ir. Eny Faridah, M.Sc Gadjah Mada University Staf Jurusan Budi Oaya Fakultas Kehutanan UGM Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 (0274) 902220 (0274) 902 220 [email protected]

Ir. Sukirno OP, MP Gadjah Mada University Staf Jurusan Budi Oaya Fakultas Kehutanan UGM Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 (0274) 901 402 (0274) 902 220 [email protected]

Ir. Sapto Indrioko, MP Gadjah Mada University Staf Jurusan Budi Daya Fakultas Kehutanan UGM Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 (0274) 902 220 (0274) 902 220 [email protected]

Ir. Dwi T. Adriyanti, MP Gadjah Mada University Staf Jurusan Budi Oaya Fakultas Kehutanan UGM Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 (0274) 901 402 (0274) 902 220 [email protected]







Ir. Sri Rahayu, MP Gadjah Mada University Staf Jurusan Budi Daya Fakultas Kehutanan UGM Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 (0274) 902 220 (0274) 902 220 [email protected]

Ir. Cahyono Agus Dwi Koranto, M.Sc Gadjah Mada University Staf Jurusan Budi Daya Fakultas Kehutanan UGM Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 (0274) 902 220 (0274) 902 220 [email protected]

Ir. Widaryanti Wahyu Winarni Gadjah Mada University Staf Jurusan Budi Daya Fakultas Kehutanan UGM Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 (0274) 901 402 (0274) 902 220 [email protected]

Schedule of Activities

TRAINING IN CONSERVATION & MANAGEMENT OF GENETIC RESOURCES

THURSDAY 18 MARCH 1999

p

FRIDAY 19 MARCH 1999

Field trip to Wanagama during the training

, ,

-. ;'-: : -' .~~ -

Provenance test of Eucalyptus urophyl/a at Wanagama

List of Resource Persons

A -~------------------------~~


Office address






RESOURCE PERSON

Prof. Bart A. Thielges Oregon State University Associate Dean, College of Forestry Oregon State University College of Forestry Oregon State University 154 Peavy Hall Corvallis, OR 97331-5704 001-1-541-737 -2222 001-1-541-737-2906 [email protected]

Prof. Dr. Oemi Hani'in Suseno Gadjah Mada University Staf Jurusan Budi Daya Fakultas Kehutanan UGM Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 (0274) 901 402 (0274) 902 220 [email protected]

Prof. Dr. Soekotjo Gadjah Mada University Staf Jurusan Budi Daya Fakultas Kehutanan UGM Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 (0274) 901 402 (0274) 902 220 [email protected]



Dr. Mohammad Na'iem Gadjah Mada University Staf Jurusan Budi Daya Fakultas Kehutanan UGM Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 (0274) 902 220 (0274) 902 220 [email protected]

Secretariat ITIO PD 16/96 Rev.4(F)

Faculty of Forestry Gadjah Mada University

Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 Phone(0274)901400 Fax. (0274) 902220

E-mail: [email protected]

The Closing Program and Speeches

ITTO Project PO 16/96 Rev.4(F)

Training in Conservation and Management of Genetic Resources

Yogyakarta, 19 - 23 March 1999

Closing Ceremony

13:00 Remarks by Prof. Bart A. Thielges, Course Leader

13: 15 Remarks by Mr. Sadharjo, M.Sc., representative of the participants

13:35 Presentation of Certificates

13:45 Closing Remarks by Prof. Oemi Hani'in Suseno, the Chairperson of

ITIO Project

13:50 Group Picture

Closing remarks Bart A. Thielges

I believe that we have had a successful inaugural session for this education and training program that parallels our IITO Project on conserving the genetic resources of Shorea /eprosu/a and Lophopeta/um multinervium. It has been refreshing for me to participate in a program that receives so much interest and support from the government, industry, and a major donor organization. This is truly developing as a partnership and, to support the ambitious goals of this project it must indeed continue as a very strong partnership.

One of the most effective means of developing that strength and maintaining it is through education - the more that all of the partners understand about the goals and objectives of conservation and about the importance of successful conservation efforts to future genetic improvement, the more effective this project will be. And, conversely, the more that the GMU scientific staff understands about the opportunities and constraints that are represented by the individual and collective participant organizations, the better able they will be to conduct the program in a realistic and efficient manner. Sharing of knowledge and information is certainly going to be one of the keys to our success.

We began our course last Friday as a roomful of individuals with varied levels of interest, knowledge, and experience in the areas of forest resources conservation, population genetics, and applied tree-breeding programs. While we are still maintaining a good deal of this variability in interests and knowledge five days later, I'm hoping that, at this point, our efforts have resulted in bringing us all to some common levels of appreciation, understanding, and communication in all of those areas. I'm especially hopeful that all of us have a much better idea of why and how we have embarked upon the IITO-sponsored conservation program for these two species, where we are at present, and where the program is going from this point.

Some of the underlying needs and philosophies for conserving forest resources are difficult to· grasp initially, especially those concerned with genetic conservation. As foresters, we are traditionally a pragmatic, "can doff sort of profession and we usually don't find the time for reflecting and philosophizing about our jobs. That's because our day-to-day responsibilities and pressures are too demanding. But I hope that you will agree that the needs for conserving our forest resources - especially the genetic variation so necessary for sustaining forest health and productivity - definitely fits in with our long-term goals and our responsibilities to our nations' forest resources, our fellow citizens, and our profession.

And, certainly, the less than two hours we spent on the principles of population genetics that form the basis of genetic conservation strategies is barely enough time to scratch the surface. But we hope that you now understand that genetic conservation techniques - both in situ and ex situ - are really concerned with sampling, conserving and maintaining and, in some cases, managing gene frequencies in species or in populations of species.

We should now also have a rather firm grasp on the similarities and differences between in situ and ex situ conservation. Both are important, both have strengths and weaknesses, and both have a place in a national conservation strategy. But as we have seen, often we must bend our principles and our intentions to reflect our organizational interests, goals, and resource limitations.

The Wanagama field trip was well timed, falling as it did between our course sections on conservation of genetic resources and on genetic improvement. Looking at some of GMU's earliest provenance and progeny tests provided evidence of the great amount of variation that may be sampled and captured in such tests. And siting these trees in a fairly uniform plantation - really a limited ex situ conservation area - removes much of the environmental influences and allows us to more accurately evaluate these selections for their genetic potential. And we must remember that, at Wanagama, we were limited to viewing only those phenotypes expressing growth and form; we need to remember that there is also a tremendous store of "hidden" variability in adaptive traits, including disease and insect resistance, as well as those commercial traits such as wood quality captured and stored in those test plantings.

We finished our course with summaries of the importance of these conserved collections of genetic variation to traditional selection and breeding programs as well as to the emerging biotechnologies. Conservation reserves and plantations will be a tremendous resource; without access to these genotypes - specifically to the genes and alleles from which they are constructed - we would be severely limited in our future options for breeding or for genetic transformation' .

So it is my hope that with this initial educational activity we have set a course and a standard for the ITIO Project that is built upon interactions among all partners. These interactions need to be based upon education and technology transfer, access to Project information, and frequent consultation. I'm highly enthusiastic about our program and feel fortunate to be involved at this level. I hope that you share that enthusiasm.

I have enjoyed meeting all of you and working with you during this course. I look forward to a continuing productive relationship and friendship among the members of our unique Project Partnership aimed at conserving these valuable and irreplaceable forest tree genetic resources.

Remarks by the Representative of the participants

Prof. Oemi Hani'in Suseno, the Chairperson of ITIO Project

Prof. Bart A. Thielges, the Course Leader

Prof. Soekotjo and Dr. M. Na'iem, resource persons

On behalf of the participants I would like to express my gratitude to the resource

persons who have shared their knowledge in ex situ conservation to us. Before we

attend the training we know almost nothing, or rather, a few aspect among the many

different aspects of works in ex situ conservation activities. We admitted that before

we listened to the lectures we have only partial understanding on ex situ

conservation, just like a group of blind men trying to identify an elephant. By each

one touching different part of the elephant, they have different idea in describing an

elephant.

Now, after listening to the lectures and made an extensive discussion, we have an

idea, what kind of works have to be done if we want to implement the ex situ

conservation project correctly. We have also an understanding now, the relationship

between tree improvement, in situ and ex situ conservation. We feel that this kind of

training is very useful to upgrade our knowledge. Therefore we hope that a regular

meeting could be held so that we will be always well informed on current

development of the subject.

May I take this opportunity to thank the Chairperson of ITIO for organizing this

training, and inviting us to attend the training, and last but not least to the Project staff

who support the conduct of the training.

Thank you.

Sadhardjo

Closing Remarks by

The Chairperson of ITTO project

Prof. Bart A. Thielges, the Course Leader of the Training

Prof. Soekoljo, the Course Co-Leader

Dr. M. Na'iem and dear participants

It is my pleasure to deliver the speech, as a closing remarks to this training. I realize

that organizing this kind of training for only 5 days is too short. I am confident,

however, that despite all the limitation of time, the participants have gained

something to support their field work in the near future.

May I take this opportunity to thank the participants for their full attention to the

lectures, to Prof. Bart A. Thielges for his patient is lecturing, and to Prof. Soekotjo as

well as to Dr. M. Na'iem for their lectures in this training.

I would like also to thank Perum Perhutani, PT. INHUTANI I, PT. INHUTANI 11, PT.

INHUTANI Ill, PT. INHUTANIIV and PT. INHUTANI V for their financial support, and

last but not least to ITIO for supporting the travel of Prof. Thielges to Indonesia.

During the conduct of the training, there may be some shortcomings or

inconveniences occurred. May I apologize for that.

Finally, I wish you all success and have a nice trip home to your family.

Good bye and thank you.

I "

Presentation of certificate

The trainees and resource persons pose for a group picture at the closing session

~ INTERNATIONAL TROPICAL TIMBER ORGANIZATION (ITTO)

PROJECT PD 16/96 Rev. 4 (F) Faculty of Forestry, Gadjah Mada University

This is to certify that

has participated in Training in Conservation and Management of Genetic Resources

19-23 March 1999, Y ogyakarta

Sponsored by the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO)

in cooperation with

~~/~~ s Prof. Dr. Oemi Hani'in Suseno

Chairperson, ITTO Project

Ministry of Forestry and Estate Crops Republic of Indonesia

Course Leader

Evaluation

Summary of the Participants' Evaluation

Part I. Participants' background

1. The highest academic degree attained by the participants are: a. Ph.D. : 1 b. Master's degree : 9 c. Bachelor's degree : 9

2. Their subject background are all in forestry science

3. Their jobs or positions are:

a. Manager : 3 b. Field worker : 5 c. Staff/administration : 3 d. Lecturer : 8

Part 11. The Training Program

1. The importance of the topics The participants gave an average rating of 4.36 (on a scale of 5 as very important) on the importance of the subject matter given during the training. All of the subjects were considered important. Following are the individual ratings given by the participants.

a. b. c. d. e.

f.

Introduction to Conserving Forest Resources Overview of Genetic Conservation In situ Conservation Ex situ Conservation The application of isoenzyme analysis for breeding and conservation Forest tree breeding

2. The usefulness of the topics

4.25 4.26 4.47 4.63 3.90

4.42

The usefulness of the topics to support their daily work was rated 4.24 in average on a scale of 5 as very useful. The topics given during the training were useful for them. The individual ratings of the topics are as follows:

a. b. c. d. e.

f.


4.31 4.10 3.94 4.52 4.26

4.36

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3. The knowledge gained from this training The additional knowledge gained during the training was rated 4.21 in average on a scale of 5 as very much. The following ratings were given on every topic:

a. b. c. d. e.

f.


4. Time adequacy

4.21 4.10 4.36 4.36 4.00

4.26

Most of the participants considered that the time allocation for lectures and discussions was not sufficient. This can be seen from the average rate of time adequacy of 3.55 on a scale of 5 as very sufficient. The individual ratings of each subject matter is as follows:

a. b. c. d. e.

f.


5. The quality of instruction

3.76 3.68 3.52 3.47 3.42

3.47

The average rate given by the participants or the instruction quality was 4.11 on a scale of 5 being very good. Unfortunately, the quality of instruction of the guest lecturer who was speaking English was rated low (3.57). Most probably this was caused by language barrier. Seven participants gave a rating of 3, and another one gave 2. It was obvious from day to day activities that these participants never were involved in discussion, although they were encouraged to converse in Indonesian language. The individual ratings of each resource person is as follows:

a. b. c. d.

Prof. Bart A. Thielges Prof. Soekotjo Prof. Oemi Hani'in Suseno Dr. Mohammad Na'iem

Part III Comments and suggestions from the participants

3.57 4.52 4.21 4.15

The participants were also invited to give their comments and suggestions to improve the organization of future training. Following are their comments and suggestions: 1. Participants should be limited to those who have been or will be involved in the

project implementation, so that the results of the training will be directly applicable. 2. Field trips should have relevancy with the training program. 3. Lecture notes or handouts should be made available before the session. This is

especially important for lectures given in English, so that the participants will be able to understand better during lecturing.

4. If possible, a translator should be made available for lectures in English 5. The use of instructional materials like transparencies of slides is very important to

make the lecture more attractive and understandable.

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6. The results of the training should be summarized and distributed for follow up actions in the field.

7. More time should be allocated for each lecture. 8. An exercise on how to make a proposal should be given and discussed so that

there is exchange of information between the participants.

Part IV. Conclusion

The training was generally well organized. The primary objective of the training, technology transfer, was not fully achieved because the participants from the Forest Enterprises were not all will selected. Some people who have no relationship with the project implementation attended the course, while those who are involved in it did not. For future training, the organizer should be given a chance to select the candidates from among the nominees provided by the Forest Enterprises. Advance information should be given on the background and qualification of the candidates.

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Documents

Rev.4{F) 16/96 Project PO ITTO...4. Have gained a better understanding of the objectives, goals, and procedures of the IITO project. Organization The training was organized by IITO