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Content of Presentation
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• Review of Last Presentation• Our Definition of Restorative Justice• Why Implement Restorative Justice in Orange County Public Schools?
• Present Day and the Future of Restorative Justice in OCPS• Summer Training and Support to Schools• Collaborative Website-School Support• Samples Restorative Justice Circles in OCPS
What is Restorative Justice?
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Restorative practices in schools are fundamentally about building school culture based on a set of restorative values that are established and co-created by all members of the school community. When a conflict occurs, it is addressed by rebuilding damaged relationships and repairing harm directly to the individuals and communities who have been harmed.
What is Restorative Justice?
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In Orange County Public Schools, the process:
• focuses on relationships (restores/repairs)• gives voice to the person harmed and the person who caused the
harm • engages in collaborative problem-solving• enhances personal responsibility• empowers change and growth
Why Implement RJ in OCPS?• Higher suspension rates result in lower academic achievement and
standardized test scores, even when controlling for factors such as race and socioeconomic status (Davis et al, 1994; Mendez, et al., 2003; Skiba 2006)
• Suspended/expelled students are more likely to be held back, not graduate, become involved in the justice system, have additional suspensions, expulsions and dropouts (Fabelo et al, 2011; Osher, 2010; Balfanz and Boccanfuso, 2007; Skiba and Rausch, 2006)
• Black students are likely to be suspended and expelled for minor infractions, are suspended at two to three times the rate of white peers, especially among those with learning disabilities, and are four times more likely to be placed in correctional facilities (Advancement Project, 2005; Losen and Martinez, 2012; Fabelo et al. 2011; NAACP, 2005; Poe-Yamagata and Jones, 2000)
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Why Implement RJ in OCPS
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Black54%Hispanic
31%
White15%
High School
Black65%
Hispanic26%
White9%
Middle School
2014-2015 Suspension Data
Restorative Justice Timeline
RJ 3-day rigorous professional development for all middle schools
Develop RJ collaborative site for middle schools
RJ Roll Out
RJ ongoing professional development, support and monitoring
Phase 2 planning: High School (implementation next year)
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Restorative Justice Professional Development
228 district administrators and school teams (administration and faculty from 38 middle schools) received 3-day trainings in July to learn how to implement restorative justice at their individual sites
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Restorative Justice Professional Development
• Summer Training conducted by Dr. Martha (Mara) Schiff• Associate Professor in the School of Criminology and Criminal
Justice at Florida Atlantic University and President of PeaceWorksConsulting, Inc.
• Over 30 years’ experience in criminal and juvenile justice research, planning, evaluation, training and teaching, focusing on restorative community and justice
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Restorative Justice Professional Development
RJ Trainers• Ms. LaVonne Walker, Indian River County• Mr. Keith Wright, Palm Beach School District• Mrs. Dumosire Wright, Palm Beach School District
RJ Cultural Diversity Presenters• Van P. Williams (Palm Beach State College)• Barbara Cheives (Converge Associates Consulting)
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Technical Assistance by Dr. Schiff• Helped develop a district strategic plan • Assisted us in learning how to measure progress, identify obstacles,
re-evaluate as necessary.• Helped develop procedures and guidelines for implementation• Taught us how to troubleshoot and problem solve implementation
issues as they arise• Will be observing Restorative Justice circle facilitation• Will facilitate monthly or quarterly group meetings as needed
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District Support to the Schools• Area Administrators developed guidelines to determine when
to assign PASS or OSS days• Training with circles will be ongoing• Monthly reports will be generated based on circles• RJ Teams at schools will have quarterly meetings with Area
Administrators• MAO will monitor school progress and offer support
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Restorative Justice Collaborative Site
Restorative Justice (RJ) Schools Toolkit:• RJ Implementation Power Points• Examples of Restorative Circles Scripts• Examples of Affective Questions & Statements to be used in
Restorative Chats or Conference Preparation• Restorative Justice Conference Facilitator Script-
Acknowledged Harm/Accepted Responsibility
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CirclesCommunity Building (Level 1)
Low-level Discipline, Conflicts, Problems
(addressed within the classroom) –(Level 2)
Serious Discipline Matters (addressed outside the classroom) –
(Level 3)
Making personal connections
Restorative Inquiry(one-to-one conversations during class or
assigned after-school “detention” within the classroom, using restorative questions)
Resolution Circles
Restorative Conversations(“What’s up?”) Collaborative Problem-solving Restorative Conferences (includes student,
family and other key people
Community Circles: Classrooms, TeamsOther small groups:
With facultyWith parents
Peer Mediation Restorative Inquiry used for in-school suspension
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Types of Circles
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3337
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Types of Circles by Percentage
Community Relationship Building Low-Level Discipline Serious Discipline
Areas of Focus for Year One
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• Insubordination• 1H Insubordination• 2F Insubordination/Open
Defiance• 3H Gross
Insubordination/Open Defiance
• Disrespect• 1D Disrespect• 2B Disrespect• 3D Disrespect
• Fighting• 2C Fighting• 3F Fighting
Infractions Data
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30
15
39
24
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1D - Disrespect 1H - Insubordination
Level 1
20142015
3 RJ Circles
331
238
466
281
218
357
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
2B - Disrespect 2C - Fighting 2F - Insubord/Defiant
Level 2
20142015
Infractions Data
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7 RJ Circles 25 RJ
Circles
4 RJ Circles
214
440
308
160
416
333
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
3D - Disrespect 3F - Fighting 3H - Gross Insubord/OpenDefiant
Level 3
20142015
Infractions Data
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9 RJ Circles
10 RJ Circles
First Quarter Middle SchoolTotal Number of OSS Days
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4,564
3,830
3,400
3,600
3,800
4,000
4,200
4,400
4,600
4,800
# of Suspension Days
2014-2015
2015-2016
Bridgewater Middle School
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Introduction of Circles and Level 1 – Community Circle, Establishing Classroom Ground Rules
Memorial Middle School
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Level 1 – Community Circle of Faculty and Staff
Level 1 – Community Circle of Students
When Restorative Justice works, schools will . . .
• Develop emotional literacy, conflict resolution skills, truth recognition, accountability, responsibility
• Improve behavior, attendance, learning, teaching• Increase empathy, happiness, positive life skills• Reduce exclusions, detentions, conflict, bullying, suspensions
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ConclusionDiscipline is a long-term process that leads children to become responsible. Punishment often has negative side effects, but restorative justice/practice promotes values and principles that are restorative (healing), inclusive and collaborative while giving voice to all parties who are a part of the community.
Debra Gore, OCPS Employee
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