Respiratory Good Slides

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Respiratory Physiology Powerpointwith Quiz questions and

FEEDBACK

by Dr. Patricia MansfieldWritten Fall, 2006Revised Fall, 2007

All figures from Silverthorns Human Physiology


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Figure 18-1 - Overview

GENERAL

OVERVIEW OF

TOPICSCONSIDERED INCHAPTER 18

BUZZWORDS:EXCHANGE AND

TRANSPORT


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Question #1-#4

List the 4 rules

for diffusion ofgasses in anyorder.


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Question #1-#4

List the 4 rules

for diffusion ofgasses in anyorder.

Surface area

Thickness

Concentration

Distance


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Table 5-1


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Figure 18-4a

UNDERSTANDING DIFFUSION CAN HELPYOU IN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY


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Figure 18-4e

What effect does increased airwayresistance have on the concentrationgradient for diffusion?


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Question #5.

The more soluble a

gas is in a particularliquid, the (HIGHEROR LOWER) thepartial pressure

required to force thegas into solution.


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Question #5.

The more soluble a

gas is in a particularliquid, the (HIGHEROR LOWER) thepartial pressure

required to force thegas into solution.

LOWER

Solubilities or Bunsens solubility

coefficients for gasses in body-warmblood. Ignore units at standardmeasurement conditions.

Carbon dioxide:0.52

Carbon monoxide:0.018

Nitrogen: 0.012 (Water: 0.013; Fat: 0.065)

Oxygen:0.022


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Figure 18-2cd


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Question #6-7.

Which two cell

layers mustgases cross togo from thealveoli to the

plasma? (anyorder)


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Question #6-7.

Which two cell

layers mustgases cross togo from thealveoli to the

plasma? (anyorder)

Alveolar

epithelium Capillary

endothelium akacapillary simplesquamousepithelium


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Figure 18-5


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Question #8.

In some cases of

pulmonary edema,arterial PO2 is lowbut arterial PCO2 isnormal. What

difference betweenthe two gasesexplains this clinicalphenomenon?


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Question #8.

In some cases of

pulmonary edema,arterial PO2 is lowbut arterial PCO2 isnormal. What

difference betweenthe two gasesexplains this clinicalphenomenon?


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Solubilities or Bunsens solubility coefficients forgasses in body-warm blood. Ignore units at

standard measurement conditions.

Carbon dioxide:0.52

Carbon monoxide:0.018

Nitrogen: 0.012 (Water: 0.013; Fat: 0.065)

Oxygen:0.022

Note: Learn the principle. Dont memorize the table.

Answer to Question #8. Solubility


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Question #9.

What is the

name forhemoglobinbound to

oxygen?


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Question #9.

What is the

name forhemoglobinbound to

oxygen?

Oxyhemoglobin

Hb.O2


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Figure 18-6

Buzz Words:

1.LoadingReaction

2. Unloading

Reaction


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Question #10.

What determines

the number ofbinding sites foroxygen?


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Question #10.

What determines

the number ofbinding sites foroxygen?

Number of

hemoglobinmolecules


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Question #11.

About 70% of

what element isfound in thecenter of the

heme group ofhemoglobin?


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Question #11.

About 70% of

what element isfound in thecenter of the

heme group ofhemoglobin?

Iron


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Question #12.

What is the name of

the graph thatindicates therelationshipbetween PO2 levels

and how muchoxygen binds tohemoglobin?

Oxyhemoglobin

dissociation curve

Normal PO2 valuesin situ

Loading

reaction

Unloading

reaction


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Figure 18-9


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Question #13-15.

Which three

factors affect theability ofhemoglobin to

bind to oxygen?(any order)


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Question #13-15.

Which three

factors affect theability ofhemoglobin to

bind to oxygen?(any order)

Temperature

pH Metabolite

specifically

2,3-DPG


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Figure 18-10b


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Figure 18-11

Effects of 2,3-DPG.

2,3-diphosphoglycerate,or 2,3-DPG, is an

organophosphatecreated in

erythrocytes duringglycolysis.

2,3-DPG binds todeoxyhemoglobin butnot the oxygenatedform, thereforediminishing the oxygen

affinity for hemoglobin.This reaction enableshemoglobin to unloadoxygen at the tissues.


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Figure 18-10a


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Figure 18-3b

Normal Pco2

values in situ


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Interactive Dissociation Tool at

http://www.ventworld.com/resources/oxydisso/oxydisso.html


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Figure 18-10c


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Table 18-1


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Figure 18-13

HALDANEEFFECT ATTHE LUNGS

BOHR EFFECTAT THETISSUES


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Figure 18-15

Transport of

Oxygen vs.Transport of

Carbon Dioxide


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Figure 18-14

ChlorideShift atthe

Tissues

ReverseChloride

Shift attheLungs


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Figure 18-16

REGULATION OF RESPIRATION


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Figure 18-17


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Figure 18-18


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Figure 18-19


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Figure 18-20

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