Respiration

Term Definition

Metabolism The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life:

Anabolism A metabolic process in which complex molecules are synthesized from simpler ones with the storage of energy

Catabolism The breaking down in living organisms of more complex substances into simpler ones, with the release of energy

Aerobic respiration The production of ATP from the breakdown of food compounds requiring oxygen.

Anaerobic respiration The production of ATP from the breakdown of food compounds without the requirement for oxygen

Part Features

Outer membrane Has lots of protein channels to allow pyruvate to enter

Inner membrane Carries ATP synthase and ETC proteins. Is impermeable to tiny particles-Protons

Intermembrane space Is narrow so a high concentration of protons can build up

Matrix Contains enzymes for Link reaction and Kreb`s cycle

Ribosomes-70S Site of protein synthesis

Mitochondrial DNA Carries some genes

Mitochondria

Cells require energy to perform vital activities such as:

• Active transport• Protein synthesis• Cell division• Muscle contraction

Facts about ATP

• For each mole of ATP broken down 30.6 KJ of energy is released.

• We only have enough ATP stored up in our bodies for a few seconds of activity

• ATP gets used up fairly quickly by the body. • Each ATP molecule is recycled about 1500

times a day

Overall equation for respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

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Glycolysis

ibguides.comLink reaction

ibguides.comKrebs Cycle

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Part of inner membrane showing electron transport chain

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Occurs in some fungi, bacteria and muscle cells

Used by some bacteria and fungi