Variables Measured Study instrument

Dietary Intake status

3 days 24-hour diet recall form [4], Nutritionist Pro Diet Analysis Software version 2.09 (Nutri-Pro) [4]

Height, Weight and Body

CompositionInBody 270 body composition analyzer [4]

Dietary intake status amongst Selangor State Football players during regular training

Choo ZY1, Megan CHZ, Sangeetha S1, Tan SS1 Appukutty M2

1Division of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University2Programme of Sport Science, Faculty of Sport Science and Recreation, University Teknologi MARA

• Nutrition is an important aspect in sports, that documented to be a strong determinant in predicting achievements and sport performance amongst athletes [1].

• Intake of adequate nutritious food is also crucial to support the recovery process following training regime [2,3].• Nevertheless, the dietary intake and nutrition adequacy of Malaysian football players is not documented extensively.• A cross sectional study was conducted among state level footballers age between 18 to 21 years old to determine their dietary intake status.

• To determine Malaysian footballer's dietary intake. • To determine Malaysian footballer’s nutrition adequacy.

Methodology

Results

• Study Design: Cross-sectional Study • Recruitment of subjects: 52 male footballers from Selangor

Football Association (FAS) was recruited. • Selection criteria: Healthy footballers aged 18yr -21yr. • Sample Size: N=52.• Statistical Analysis: SPSS version 25 and NutriPro

software• Ethical Approval: Approved by International Medical

University Joint-Committee of Research & Ethics (IMU-JC) and Selangor Football Association (FAS).

Figure 1: Subjects’ characteristics in percentage (N=52)

Table  1:  Subjects’  characteristics

Table  2:  Dietary  Status  (Macronutrient)  

Table  3:  Dietary  Status  (  Micronutrient)  

Discussion Conclusion • The  dietary  intake  of  macro  and  micro-­‐nutrients  

of  the  Selangor  state  footballers  was  lower  than  the  daily  nutrient  recommendations.  

• Insufficient  nutrient  intakes  may  compromise  on  the  performance  and  recovery  of  football  players.  

• Regular  nutrition  education  is  recommended  to  improve  the  quality  of  diet  intake  by  having  a  good  balance  diet  to  enhance  the  sporting  performance.  .

§ The athletes, despite their high energy expenditure, had a lower intake of total energy,lower intake of carbohydrate, satisfied intake of protein but high intake of fat, than theRecommended Nutrient Intake (RNI, 2017) that been established for Malaysian adults [5].

§ Similarly, for the micronutrient dietary status, the athletes met only 50% or even lesser thanthe RNI for most of the micronutrients. Some of the micronutrients are consider asessential elements in compromise on the performance and recovery of athlete [6].

§ Their major sources of carbohydrate, and protein was white rice and chicken. Majority oftheir daily dishes were prepared by using cooking methods such as deep frying or pan-frying. Most of their meals consumed had no fruits and vegetables.

§ The factor that affected their choices of foods maybe due to their habits since young ageand peer influences [7].

§ Other factor can affect their ability to practice healthy eating such as the availability ofhealthy foods at home as well as parental influences [8].

References

Study Methods

1. Walsh, N.P. (2019). Nutrition and Athlete Immune Health: New Perspectives on an Old Paradigm. Sports Med 49, 153–168. 2. Shephard RJ, Shek PN. (1995). Heavy exercise, nutrition and immune function: is there a connection? Int J Sports Med. 16(8).

491–7. 3. OC (International Olympic Committee) (2010) IOC consensus statement on sports nutrition 2010. Available at:

http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Reports/EN/CONSENSUS‐ FINAL‐v8‐en.pdf (accessed 5 June 2021).4. Robert D. Lee, David C. Nieman. Nutritional Assessment. 6th ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 20135. National Coordination Committee on Food and Nutrition Ministry of Health Malaysia. Recommended Nutrient Intakes for

Malaysia: A report of the technical working group on nutritional guidelines. 2017. 6. Gleeson, M., Nieman, D.C., Pedersen, B.K. (2004). Exercise, nutrition and immune function. Journal of Sports Science, 22:

115-125. Doi: 10.1080/02640410310001405907. Fitzgerald A, Heary C, Kelly C, Nixon E, Shevlin M. Self-efficacy for healthy eating and peer support for unhealthy eating are

associated with adolescents' food intake patterns. Appetite. 2012; 63: 48-58.8. Anja S et al. The Nutrition Quality of Food Provided from Food Pantries: A systematic Review of Exiting Literature. Journal of

the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 2017 April; 117(4):577-587.

1) International Medical University (IMU) research grant; 2) Coaches and footballers from Selangor Football Association

32%

86%

23%

13%

100%

45%

1

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Age

Etnicity

Gender

Percentage

Characteristics

Subjects’  Characteristics  in  percentage  (N=52)  

18 19 20

Male

Malay Indian Others

Acknowledgements

Nutrition  Society  of  Malaysia  36th  Scientific  Conference  2021  

Introduction

Study Objectives

Characteristics Total  (n=  52)

Age  (y) 19.7  ± 0.9Weight  (kg) 63.8  ± 6.8

Height  (cm) 171.4  ± 5.1

Body  Fat  (%) 15.3  ± 3.7

Fat  Mass  (kg) 9.9  ± 2.9

Skeletal  Mass  (kg) 30.5  ± 3.3

Macronutrient Total  (n=  52)

Total  Energy  (kcal) 2054.0  ± 741.4

Carbohydrates  (g) 245.1  ± 74.4

Protein (g) 81.1  ± 28.2Fat  (g) 78.8  ± 41.4

Micronutrients Total  (n=  52)Vitamin  A  (mcg) 991.3  ± 582.1Vitamin C  (mg) 39.8  ± 74.4Vitamin D  (mcg) 2.3  ± 2.7Vitamin E  (mg) 3.6  ± 3.1Vitamin  K  (mcg) 8.9  ± 2.8Thiamin (mg)   0.9  ± 2.1Riboflavin  (mg) 1.23  ± 1.1Niacin  (mg) 8.7  ± 5.1

Pantothenic  Acid  (mg) 3.5  ± 1.5Pyridoxine  (mg) 1.5 ± 1.0Biotin (mcg) 8.4  ± 21.8Folate (mcg) 56.1  ± 65.8

Cobalamin  (mcg) 1.7  ± 1.8Calcium  (mg) 475.1  ± 296.3Iron  (mg) 17.9  ± 10.18

Magnesium (mg) 73.7  ± 60.1Zinc  (mg) 4.1  ± 2.9

Phosphorus  (mg)   983.9  ± 539.8Potassium  (mg) 1019.1  ± 454.19