research output

PLATE NO. 1 A PROPOSED PUBLIC MARKET LAURON / VELASCO / ZAMORA

CABANLIT / CRISOSTOMO / LARA / VALENZONA

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents

INTRODUCTION _____________________________________________________ page 1

PROBLEM FORMULATION ____________________________________________ page 2

METHODOLOGY ____________________________________________________ page 3

SITE SELECTION ______________________________________________________ page 4

DEFINITION OF TERMS _______________________________________________ page 10

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS / RELATED STUDIES ________________________ page 14

INSPIRATION _______________________________________________________ page 25

DESIGN CONCEPT __________________________________________________ page 26

REFERENCES _______________________________________________________ page 27

PLATE NO. 1 PUBLIC MARKET

Introduction

A public market is a place where people gather for purchasing and selling

provisions, livestock, and other goods. Market places vary from country to

country. In the Philippines, they are called Palengke. It is usually composed of

dozens of stalls selling various kinds of goods from dry to wet kinds, so there is a

vast choice for quality of goods. These establishments support inexpensive

selling opportunities for small entrepreneurs. It is also a place for instilling

community spirit and cultural exchange (Pabico, 2002). In a public market,

usually, everyone knows everyone. Each vendor has their own loyal consumers.

A common meeting place for Filipinos who wants to save and socialize.

Unfortunately, public markets are now facing a problem. With the rise of the

economy, more and more malls and supermarkets are being made, attracting

the people to buy in them instead of the Palengke. Some of the public

markets are not maintained properly, which gives it a undesirable impression.

Roofs are leaking, buildings are dilapidated, and cleanliness and odor is

oftentimes an issue.

With the onslaught of malls and supermarkets, palengkes should not be left

behind. It has been a part of our Filipino culture. It can also help in promoting

tourism in the area because these establishments reflect the situation of the

area it belongs to and its people. If a visitor wants to know the character of the

place, the public market showcases and celebrates what is unique and best

about the local community (Pabico, 2002).

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Problem Formulation

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

With the increase of the numbers of supermarkets and malls in Cebu, the public markets are being neglected no proper maintenance and repairs. Most of the markets also have no proper planning of spaces and sanitation. Congestion is also rampant. Because of these reasons, the Local Government decided to improve the conditions of public markets in Cebu by redeveloping existing markets.

OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

Our proposal aims to provide a public market that:

Promotes openness use of natural lighting and ventilation and provides comfort to the users and the vendors

Brings together diverse people by creating active public spaces and promotes socialization

Is flexible to future changes in the establishment and market operations Provide proper sanitary and drainage management to promote

cleanliness in the environment

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Methodology

RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT Joseph Baumgarter s Learning Resource Center

The Learning Resource Center in the University of San Carlos is the biggest library in the Philippines up to date. It has an organized collection of information resources, digital and physical materials, which are used as references in the research aspect of the study.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS Online Sources

These are references taken from the internet for the needed information of the study.

Books and Other Reading Materials

Books and reading materials are published references which contain information related to the study. Information from these reliable sources comes in the form of text and illustrations.

Demographics and Maps

Demographics are statistical studies of a certain population. These help describe trends and changes in a population over time. Demographic data are often used to develop plans and strategies of a study.

RESEARCH PROCEDURES

After gathering all the information needed, the researchers compiled all the data to include in the research paper. The data are presented through descriptive paragraphs and graphic presentation.

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SITE SELECTION

LAND USE MAP

TALAMBAN SITE

CARBON SITE

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TALAMBAN SITE

CARBON SITE

LILOAN SITE

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TALAMBAN, CEBU CITY

SITE VICINITY MAP

FLOOD MAP

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CARBON, CEBU CITY

SITE VICINITY MAP

FLOOD MAP

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LILOAN, CEBU CITY

SITE VICINITY MAP

FLOOD MAP

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MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS

1. LINK URBAN AND RURAL ECONOMIES easy accessibility for rural and urban products 2. PROMOTE PUBLIC HEALTH having clean environment and access to sanitary facilities

like garbage collection route 3. ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY FOR VENDORS number of local vendors that will have the

opportunity to earn more profit 4. AVAILABILITY OF WATER SUPPLY access to water supply is available in the area, 5. AVAILABILITY OF POWER SUPPLY - access to power and electric supply is available in the

area 6. LOCATION AND ACCESSIBILITY accessible to the road, highways and readily

accessible to the community. The location should be free from flooding and have a proper drainage system for sanitary purposes.

7. POPULATION DENSITY number of potential users or consumers in the area determines the effectiveness of the location of the site of a public market. The higher the population, the higher demand of creating commercial establishments such as a public market in the area.

8. VISIBILITY the orientation of the area ensures good visibility to potential users 9. SIZE OR LAND AREA the size of the site should be large enough to accommodate

large number of people and also enough for all planned functional requirements to be met and for any expansion envisioned.

10. MIXED USE OPPORTUNITY various kind of commercial trade opportunities are effective in the area.

SITE SELECTION CRITERIA/S

PERCENTAGE LOCATION

TALAMBAN CARBON LILOAN 1. LINK URBAN AND

RURAL ECONOMIES 10 % 8 % 8 % 7 %

2. PROMOTE PUBLIC HEALTH 10 % 9 % 8 % 9 % 3. ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY

FOR VENDORS 10 % 9 % 10 % 8 %

4. AVAILABILITY OF WATER SUPPLY

10 % 10 % 10 % 10 %

5. AVAILABILITY OF POWER SUPPLY

10 % 10 % 10 % 10 %

6. LOCATION AND ACCESSIBILITY

10 % 10 % 10 % 9 %

7. POPULATION DENSITY 10 % 9 % 10 % 8 % 8. VISIBILITY 10 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9. SIZE OR LAND AREA 10 % 7 % 9 % 8 % 10. MIXED USE OPPURTUNITY 10 % 9 % 10 % 8 %

TOTAL 100 % 90 % 94 % 86 %

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Definition of Terms

For the purpose of understanding, the Department of Health provided

the definition for the terms indicated below:

1. PUBLIC MARKET refers to any place, building or structure of any kind

recognized as such under existing laws or ordinances and those to be

established upon recommendation of the local government. It

embraces all market stalls, tiendas, buildings, roads, subways, waterways,

drainage and other connections, parking spaces and other

appurtenances thereto.

2. MARKET SECTION refers to the classification of a group of continuous

stalls in markets according to the kind of merchandise offered for sale

therein, to wit:

3. FISH SECTION refers to the area where only fresh fish, clams, oysters,

crabs, lobsters, shrimps, seaweeds and other seafoods and marine

products shall be sold.

4. MEAT, PORK AND DRESSED CHICKEN SECTION refers to the area where

only all kinds of meat and other meat products shall be sold provided,

that meat, pork and dressed chicken shall be separately displayed and

properly labeled.

5. DRY GOODS SECTION refers to the area where only all kinds of textiles,

readymade dresses and apparels, native products, toiletries, novelties,

footwear, laces, kitchenwares, utensils and other household articles,

handbags, and school and office supplies shall be sold.

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6. VEGETABLE SECTION refers to the area where only all kinds of

vegetables, fruits, coconuts and root crops such as camote, cassava,

gabi, and the like shall be sold.

7. EATERY SECTION refers to the area where only all kinds of

cooked/prepared food shall be sold. This includes refreshment parlors,

cafeterias, and other selling delicacies.

8. MISCELLANEOUS SECTION refers to the area where any other business

not classified herein above shall be allowed.

a. BOOTH refers to an enclosure built or erected on market space

for the purpose of sale of goods/commodities/services.

b. MARKET STALL refers to any allotted stand, space, compartment,

store or any place wherein merchandise is sold, offered for sale,

intended for such purposes in the public market.

c. STALL HOLDER refers to the awardees of a definite space within a

public market who pays rentals thereon for the purpose of selling

his/her goods/commodities or services.

d. MARKET PREMISES refers to any open space in the market

compound or part of the market lot consisting of bare grounds not

covered by market days.

e. MARKET RENTAL FEE refers to the fee paid to and collected by the

Municipal Treasurer concerned for the privilege of using public

market facilities.

f. AMBULANT, TRANSIENT OR ITINETANT VENDOR refers to a

vendor or seller who does not permanently occupy a definite

place in the market but one who comes either daily or

occasionally to sell his goods.

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g. MARKET COMMITTEE refers to the body whose duty is to conduct

the drawing of lots and opening of bids in connection with the

adjudication of vacant or newly-constructed stalls.Public Market/s

and to certify to the Mayor, as the case may be, the results

thereof.

h. UNDERWEIGHING - refers to any act whereby a trader tampers

with his weighing scale, used in the business, in weighing goods,

merchandise or any item being traded in such a manner as to

defraud innocent purchases.

i. TRADER refers to any person, wether duly licenced or not,

engaged in the business of selling foodstuffs, goods or any item,

being sold for a price based proportionally to its weight. The term

shall include sidewalk and talipapa/market vendors, sari-sari stores,

grocery stores, grains distributors and other similar merchants.

j. MARKET VENDOR refers to any person, engaged in business at

any public or private market in the Municipality of Clarin

k. BUTCHER refers to any person, engaged in slaughtering pigs,

beef, poultry and other livestocks.

l. FURNITURE - refers to any movable article which includes among

others, tables, chairs, and benches, for use in the public market.

m. TABLES AND DISPLAY COUNTERS - shall refer to all tables, cabinets

or racks used for display of markets goods, such as meat, fish, fruits,

vegetables and food.

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General Specifications/Related Studies

MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING GUIDE In designing for a market, the best use of space should be taken into consideration. The Chapter 5 of the Market Infrastructure Planning book of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome discusses about the general factors to consider in market planning and design.

Major Influences on Market Planning

Occasional Markets temporary markets that take place on the same day of the week or season, or once a year. As land use becomes increasingly constrained by land-value increases and the introduction of land-use zoning and planning systems, it is necessary to specifically set aside land for market development and to provide specialized infrastructure.

Truck Stops have a profound effect on the distribution of food and this process is continuing. Often, the trucks have effectively become mobile workplaces, with the owners not really possessing any other business assets.

Changing Shopping Patterns Shopping Malls and Supermarkets the development of these establishments may completely replace the traditional neighborhood shops and retail markets. In parallel will be the decline of the wholesale markets serving the older retail suppliers.

Impact on Location and Market Layout the dominance of trucks lead to the tendency of planning to provide adequate parking and to facilitate an uninterrupted flow of goods, which led to a demand of larger sites. The key feature of market design has become the ease of circulation, parking and maneuvering of vehicles. How they are designed will depend on how the produce is handled within the market.

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Poor Marketing Conditions it is common for public markets to be in poor conditions. The stall spaces are often limited but the demand for stalls are high, thus the traders spill out onto adjacent streets (sometimes to avoid fee payments).

Design Approach and Options

In preparing a development it is likely that two basic situations will need to be considered:

Facilities at existing sites

In many cases the rehabilitation of existing markets is required. This would be done by:

the complete or partial replacement of existing facilities (which may create problems of continuing the operation of a market during the demolition and construction works);

the extension or alteration of the existing facilities (which may allow the continuing operation of the market, but might involve too many design and management compromises); and

the introduction of an operational technique such as facilities management, which is a system that monitors the use of services to ensure that spaces are utilized as effectively and economically as possible to create an acceptable internal and external environment. This technique may be an alternative to the creation of new facilities or may be implemented in addition to other measures.

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Facilities at a new location

If an existing site becomes unsuitable or there is a need to create a completely new facility, this could be done by:

the construction of new market facilities (at a green field site); or the conversion and adaptation of existing facilities (for example where

an existing central food distribution warehouse or other building is converted into a market).

The Site Location and Planning Strategy Site Location

Preferred Location for Markets

Good access to a main road system Compatible adjacent land uses (such as catering and agribusiness

industries) Convenient for customers preferably within walking distance of

lower-income housing areas

Internal Traffic Flows and Congestion - Problems often occur where access is limited to only one operating entry and exit and uses gate to control entry in order to maximize revenues

Market Lay-out

Market operations need to achieve: - An unobstructed traffic circulation pattern and effective parking control with adequate parking facilities being provided - Maximum possibility for interaction between market users leading to the possibility of price formation - Provision and full utilization of support facilities - Adequate arrangements for display and sale to produce to maintain produce quality - Efficient produce handling (such as pallets and forklifts)

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CODE OF SANITATION OF THE PHILIPPINES

SECTION 3: PRESCRIBED STANDARDS OF CONSTRUCTION FOR MARKETS

SITE REQUIREMENTS The market shall be located at least 50 meters from schools,

religious institutions, public offices, funeral establishments, and

other public gathering places and 25 meters from the abattoirs

and other possible sources of contamination.

It shall be easily accessible to the public and conveyances or

vehicles.

The site shall be considered in relation to future town or city

development plan.

It shall not be located in areas subject to flooding.

Water and power supplies shall be available within the area.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION The materials used for construction of the market shall be durable.

The building shall be adequate size as to allow smooth flow and

convenient movement of both stall holders.

The minimum area of each stall be 3.10 sq. m

The minimum width of each aisle shall be 1.20 m.

All angles bet. Floors and walls shall be rounded off to a height of

not less than 7.62 cm from the floor.

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The wall and the partitions shall be constructed of impervious and

non-toxic materials to a height of not less than 1.22 m from the

floor.

Walls shall be painted with light colors.

Display tables and counters of stall for carinderia, fish, meat and

entrails sections shall be made of impervious materials.

Display tables and counters for fish, meat and entrails sections shall

be provided with adequate and approved table drain.

Display table shall be made entirely open beneath 75 cm. in

height without drawers.

It shall be provided with permanent roof.

All areas shall be properly lighted either by natural or artificial light.

There shall be a minimum area of 0.74 sq.m of open space per

customer.

All markets shall be provided with a fire exits in accordance with

the provisions of the Fire Code of the Philippines (P.D 1185) and its

implementing rules and regulations.

For security purposes markets shall be enclosed by fence with a

height of atleast 2 m and gates with lock.

SECTIONING OR ZONING The market shall be provided into different sections according to

the kind of merchandise offered for sale.

STALLS Every section shall be provided with stalls.

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Tables used in stalls for food, fish, shellfish, meat and entrails shall

be elevated to atleast 0.75 m from the floor.

SECTION 4: SANITARY FACILITIES REQUIREMENTS FOR MARKETS

WATER SUPPLY There shall be sufficient supply of potable water in the market.

The quality of water used within the market shall be in accordance

with the Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water.

Each carinderia, fish, meat and entrails sections shall be provided

with piped water supply facilities.

There shall be adequate number of water pipe outlets for easy

cleaning of the market.

SEWAGE DISPOSAL AND DRAINAGE It shall be disposed to a public sewage system.

There shall be enough drainage facilities in the market and its

premises. At least one floor drain shall be provided in every 46.5 sq.

m. Slope shall not be less than 2.05 cm/m to the drainage inlet.

All floor drains shall be provided with a deep seal trap.

TOILET AND HAND- WASHING FACILITIES The plan of each toilet shall be approved by the local health

officer as recommended by the sanitary engineer in accordance

with DOH standards.

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Adequate hand-washing facilities shall be provided within or

adjacent to toilet rooms.

Toilet and hand-washing facilities shall be located within the

market area to cater to the public.

All toilets and hand-washing facilities shall be kept sanitary at all

times.

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SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT Proper solid waste management shall be instituted in the market

in accordance with the pertinent provisions of Chapter XVIII

Refuse Disposal of the Code on Sanitation of the Philippines

(P.D. 856) and its implementing rules and regulations.

MARKET PREMISES Adequate numbers of refuse bins.

A shredding space shall be allocated in the market premises.

STALLS Each stall shall be provided with at least 2 covered refused

receptacles lined with green-colored plastic bag.

Solid wastes shall be collected daily or more often as necessary.

VERMIN CONTROL Proper vermin abatement programs shall be instituted in the

market in accordance with the pertinent provisions of Chapter XVI

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Vermin Control of the Code on Sanitation of the Philippines (P.D.

856) and its implementing rules and regulations.

The establishment shall be kept free from vermin.

The growth of the grasses shall be controlled to prevent

harborage of ticks.

SECTION 5: SPECIFIC SANITARY REQUIREMENTS FOR MARKETS

PERISHABLE FOOD SECTONS All food shall come from the approved sources.

All meat shall come from duly licensed slaughterhouses and

properly stamped or branded and issued with Meat Inspection

Certificate.

All sea foods shall not come from polluted sources.

Vegetables and fruits shall come from safe sources where the soil

is not contaminated by night soil, sewage and toxic chemicals.

MEAT STALLS Meat stalls shall be located separate from fish stalls.

Meat shall be kept clean, sanitary and free from vermin at all

times.

FISH STALLS It shall be located separate from the meat section.

It shall be kept clean.

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DRY GOODS SECTIONS It shall be arranged that the aisles and passageways will not be

obstructed to allow smooth flow of customers.

It shall be kept clean.

STALLS All market store shall have sanitary permit.

No stall shall be assigned either temporarily or permanently.

No person shall alter, disfigure, and add to, or change the

structure of any stall or market fixture without written permission

from the local health authority.

OTHER MARKET SPACES No obstruction of any kind shall be allowed on the aisles or

passageways.

The sale of any article on alleys, sidewalks or any space other than

the stalls in no case be permitted.

Keeping of animals and fowls not intended for sale shall not be

allowed inside the market.

No children shall be allowed to play in or around stalls or in the

market premises.

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CATEGORIES OF MARKET STALLS

A. DRY SECTION

1. Groceries

2. Food and Pastries

3. RTWs and Textile

4. General Merchandise

5. Footwear and Leather Goods

6. Rice, Grains, Cereals and Poultry Supply

7. Boutique, Jewelry, Novelties, Gift Shops

8. High School and Office Supplies

9. Other Services

B. WET SECTION

1. Food Stalls

2. Meat and Poultry

3. Fish and Other Marine Products

4. Fruits and Vegetables

5. Miscellaneous Items

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Inspiration

"Courtyard that will act as a central part of the market"

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Design Concept

The origami is often associated with the Japanese culture. Japanese are

known for their organization and order. In our design, we decided to use the

origami as a symbol for organization and order. Our concept is to incorporate

this idea into our planning and design. We want to change the image of public

markets from being dirty, congested and dilapidated to clean, comfortable,

and aesthetically pleasing.

The market would also be reflective of the Filipinos trait of wanting to connect

with others; so our plan is to provide an active public space where people will

gather for trade and socialization a central mini park/garden which may also

serve as a reference point for navigation around the market. The arrangement

of the stalls would be organized so as to promote cleanliness and easy

circulation around the area. Our main objective is to optimize the use of

natural lighting and ventilation to be able to create an eco-friendly

establishment.

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Reference Pabico, Alecks. (2002). Death of the Palengke. Society. Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism; Vol. 8 No. 3. Retrieved November 18, 2014: http://pcij.org/imag/Society/palengke.html

Tracey-White, J. (1999). Market Infrastructure Planning: A Guide for Decision Makers. Retrieved November 18, 2014: http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/x4026e/x4026e06.htm#bm06.2

Volcano-Tectonics Laboratory: Philippine Flood Hazard Maps. Retrieved November 19, 2014: http://www.nababaha.com/flood/cebu/cebu.htm

Department of Health. Code on Sanitation of the Philippines. Chapter IV: Markets and Abbatoirs. Retrieved November 17, 2014: http://www.doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/Chapter%204.%20Markets%20and%20Abattoirs_1.pdf

Infiesto, Isabelo. (2010). Ordinance Adopting the Market Code of Clarin. Retrieved November 20, 2014: http://www.clarin.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/MUNICIPAL-ORDINANCE-NO.-03-MARKET-CODE.doc

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IntroductionProblem Formulationstatement of the problemobjective of the project

MethodologyResearch environmentResearch instrumentsResearch procedures

SITE SELECTIONland use map

Definition of TermsGeneral Specifications/Related Studiesmarket infrastructure planning guidecode of sanitation of the philippines

InspirationDesign ConceptReference

Documents

research output