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Research and DevelopmentProgram in Gujarat under PMGSY
Research and DevelopmentProgram in Gujarat under PMGSY
P.G. Centre in Transportation Engineering PlanningDepartment of Civil Engineering
SVNIT, Surat, Gujarat
Dr. Shriniwas Arkatkar, Asst. Professor, CED, SVNITMember, STA, Surat, Gujarat
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION Technology initiative under PMGSY project in
phase-13 & PMGSY-2 phase -1.
R & D projects are approved by NRRDA andunder progress in different PIU’S.
MOU with STA,SVNIT Surat for R & D projectshas been executed for the purpose ofproviding training and guidance to PIU’S andcontractor for quality execution and monitoringand also for collecting data and performanceevaluation.
Technology initiative under PMGSY project inphase-13 & PMGSY-2 phase -1.
R & D projects are approved by NRRDA andunder progress in different PIU’S.
MOU with STA,SVNIT Surat for R & D projectshas been executed for the purpose ofproviding training and guidance to PIU’S andcontractor for quality execution and monitoringand also for collecting data and performanceevaluation.
Technology initiative under PMGSY project inphase-13 & PMGSY-2 phase -1.
R & D projects are approved by NRRDA andunder progress in different PIU’S.
MOU with STA,SVNIT Surat for R & D projectshas been executed for the purpose ofproviding training and guidance to PIU’S andcontractor for quality execution and monitoringand also for collecting data and performanceevaluation.
Technology initiative under PMGSY project inphase-13 & PMGSY-2 phase -1.
R & D projects are approved by NRRDA andunder progress in different PIU’S.
MOU with STA,SVNIT Surat for R & D projectshas been executed for the purpose ofproviding training and guidance to PIU’S andcontractor for quality execution and monitoringand also for collecting data and performanceevaluation.
List Of R & D projects For Which MOU Executed
Sr.No. Block Name of roads Length
(km)Particulars of R &
D Proposed
Cost of Projectswith R & D
(Rupees in Lakhs)
Physical Status on23.12.14
1 VansdaL307-MotibhamatiPatel Falia Road
(VR307)0.82
Subgrade SoilStabilization with
Lime32.93
CD workscompleted and
Lime stabilizationwork is in progress
2 Dharampur L224-Jagiri AshramFaliya Road (VR224) 0.72
Subgrade SoilStabilization with
Lime31.48 Lime stabilization
yet to be execute.
Subgrade SoilStabilization with
Lime
3 Dharampur L225-Jamaliya BondarFaliya Road (VR225) 1.23
Subgrade SoilStabilization with
Lime62.38 Limestabilization
yet to be execute.
4 Dharampur L218-Jagiri PatelFaliya Road (VR218) 1.62 Flyash + Lime
Stabilization 67.97 Lime stabilizationyet to be execute.
5 ValsadL267-Kewada Tosaron Naykiwad
(VR267)1.26
Subgrade SoilStabilization with
Lime45.09 Lime stabilization
completed
6 Valsad L269-Velvach KundiRoad (VR269) 1.13
Subgrade SoilStabilization with
Lime44.27 Lime stabilization
completed
Sr Block Name of roads Length(km)
Type ofTreatmentProposed
Cost ofProjects with
R & D(Rupees in
Lakhs)
Physical Statuson 23.12.14
7 Valsad Dhamdachi Gamtal Road 1.10Subgrade SoilStabilization withLime
42.99 Lime stabilizationcompleted
8 Dang T02-Mahal Subir WarsaRoad 15.00 Coldmix 563.78 R&D yet to be
execute
9 Dang T09-Waghai DungardaBheskatri Road 26.93
Lime/CementFiller in OPC &sealcoat
1096.00 R&D workCompleted9 Dang T09-Waghai Dungarda
Bheskatri Road 26.93Lime/CementFiller in OPC &sealcoat
1096.00 R&D workCompleted
10 VyaraL181-Dolvan DungariPati Kundha BesaniaRoad
7.70 Flyash + LimeStabilization 445.82 Lime stabilization
completed
11 Vyara T06-Khanpur ChirmaMalotra Road 17.20 Flyash + Lime
Stabilization 916.23 Lime Stabilizationcompeted
Sr.No.
Block Name of roads Length(km)
Type ofTreatmentProposed
Cost ofProjects
with R & D(Rupees in
Lakhs)
PhysicalStatus on23.12.14
12 Dang L032-Singana DhuladaRoad 12.00 Cold mix 237.63 R&D yet to be
executed
13 Bardoli L044-Moti falod ruwarayan road 5.38
Lime/CementFiller in OPC &
sealcoat180.82 R&D work
completed
L088-SongadhBandharapada Road
Fly ash + LimeStabilization
R&D workcompleted14 Songadh L088-Songadh
Bandharapada Road 4.80 Fly ash + LimeStabilization 330.18 R&D work
completed
15 Songadh L112-Amlipada UkldaDhajamba Velzar Road 13.77 Fly ash + Lime
Stabilization 941.85 R&D workcompleted
16 Navsari TR-10 Eru KalthanRoad 6.27 Sand and Lime
stabilization 509.03 R&D work yetto be execute.
17 Navsari TR_07 Pardi KambadaMahudi Road 7.23 Sand and Lime
stabilization 445.93 R&D work yetto be execute
Sr Block Name of roads Length(km)
Type ofTreatmentProposed
Cost ofProjects
with R & D
PhysicalStatus on23.12.14
18 NavsariTR-09 Supa KuchedSisodra(A) MalekporeRoad
7.62Sand and
Limestabilization
448.22R&D workyet to beexecute.
19 Valsad T-08 Jujwa Pathri ChanvaiRoad 4.58
Use ofTerrasil
Organisilane314.86
R&D workyet to beexecute.19 Valsad T-08 Jujwa Pathri Chanvai
Road 4.58Use ofTerrasil
Organisilane314.86
R&D workyet to beexecute.
20 Vyara
Vyara Panwadi MusaMadav Chindiya MeghpurBalpur Wanrdevi Umaravnajik Gadat BhojpurdurBedchit Road
26.70
GeoSyntheticMaterial inSub base
1459.00 R&D workcompleted.
21 NizarJuna Hathoda BahurupaBalda BimbhoraSadagavan Road
12.60Lime and flyash in soilsubbase
995.00 R&D workcompeted.
Total R & D projectNo
21 Selection criteria of R&D
Soil stabilization withSand and Lime
2 Expansive soilSand is easily available andcheaper
Soil stabilization with FlyAsh and Lime
3 clayey soilSource of fly ash nearest to site.
Soil stabilization withLime only
11 Highly Expansive and fine grainsoil.
Cold Mix 3 Reserve forest area.Cold Mix 3 Reserve forest area.
Geo-synthetics 1 Sub grade laid on water loggedsoil.
Terrasil Organosilane 1 This treatment used for sideshoulder to accommodate the hightraffic during blockage of nationalhighway.
Lime/Cement Filler 1 To densify and reduce voids inOPC.
Is Stabilization of Sub grade required?Is Stabilization of Sub grade required?
To improve engineering properties of sub grade soil such as PI,CBR
To reduce PI of soil used as subgrade
To improve bearing capacity and UCR of soil
To increased CBR of Subgrade soil
To reduce swelling and shrinkage property of soil
To reduce moisture holding capacity of soil
Mechanics of Stabilization: evaluating soil property,decision regarding treatment, Design of stabilization mixand Construction of stabilized layer
To improve engineering properties of sub grade soil such as PI,CBR
To reduce PI of soil used as subgrade
To improve bearing capacity and UCR of soil
To increased CBR of Subgrade soil
To reduce swelling and shrinkage property of soil
To reduce moisture holding capacity of soil
Mechanics of Stabilization: evaluating soil property,decision regarding treatment, Design of stabilization mixand Construction of stabilized layer
To improve engineering properties of sub grade soil such as PI,CBR
To reduce PI of soil used as subgrade
To improve bearing capacity and UCR of soil
To increased CBR of Subgrade soil
To reduce swelling and shrinkage property of soil
To reduce moisture holding capacity of soil
Mechanics of Stabilization: evaluating soil property,decision regarding treatment, Design of stabilization mixand Construction of stabilized layer
To improve engineering properties of sub grade soil such as PI,CBR
To reduce PI of soil used as subgrade
To improve bearing capacity and UCR of soil
To increased CBR of Subgrade soil
To reduce swelling and shrinkage property of soil
To reduce moisture holding capacity of soil
Mechanics of Stabilization: evaluating soil property,decision regarding treatment, Design of stabilization mixand Construction of stabilized layer
Chemistry of Lime treatmentChemistry of Lime treatment
1. Drying: If quick lime is used, it immediately hydrates(i.e. combines with water) and release heat, soil getsdried as the water content in soil gets used in reaction.
Generated heat can evaporate other moisture also
Hydrated lime produced by initial reaction will react withclay particles
Hydrated lime used instead of quick lime as drying canbe achieved with chemical changes in soil that reducesits capacity to hold water.
1. Drying: If quick lime is used, it immediately hydrates(i.e. combines with water) and release heat, soil getsdried as the water content in soil gets used in reaction.
Generated heat can evaporate other moisture also
Hydrated lime produced by initial reaction will react withclay particles
Hydrated lime used instead of quick lime as drying canbe achieved with chemical changes in soil that reducesits capacity to hold water.
1. Drying: If quick lime is used, it immediately hydrates(i.e. combines with water) and release heat, soil getsdried as the water content in soil gets used in reaction.
Generated heat can evaporate other moisture also
Hydrated lime produced by initial reaction will react withclay particles
Hydrated lime used instead of quick lime as drying canbe achieved with chemical changes in soil that reducesits capacity to hold water.
1. Drying: If quick lime is used, it immediately hydrates(i.e. combines with water) and release heat, soil getsdried as the water content in soil gets used in reaction.
Generated heat can evaporate other moisture also
Hydrated lime produced by initial reaction will react withclay particles
Hydrated lime used instead of quick lime as drying canbe achieved with chemical changes in soil that reducesits capacity to hold water.
Chemistry of Lime treatmentChemistry of Lime treatment
2. Modification: After Initial mixing calcium ions Ca++migrates from lime to surface of clay particles anddisplaces further water and ions.
The soil becomes more granular and hence easier tocompact at this stage , as PI reduces dramatically.
This process is called as fluctuation & agglomerationgenerally occurs in hours.
Pozzolanic reaction generates long term stability of soil.
2. Modification: After Initial mixing calcium ions Ca++migrates from lime to surface of clay particles anddisplaces further water and ions.
The soil becomes more granular and hence easier tocompact at this stage , as PI reduces dramatically.
This process is called as fluctuation & agglomerationgenerally occurs in hours.
Pozzolanic reaction generates long term stability of soil.
2. Modification: After Initial mixing calcium ions Ca++migrates from lime to surface of clay particles anddisplaces further water and ions.
The soil becomes more granular and hence easier tocompact at this stage , as PI reduces dramatically.
This process is called as fluctuation & agglomerationgenerally occurs in hours.
Pozzolanic reaction generates long term stability of soil.
2. Modification: After Initial mixing calcium ions Ca++migrates from lime to surface of clay particles anddisplaces further water and ions.
The soil becomes more granular and hence easier tocompact at this stage , as PI reduces dramatically.
This process is called as fluctuation & agglomerationgenerally occurs in hours.
Pozzolanic reaction generates long term stability of soil.
Construction Methodology AdoptedConstruction Methodology Adopted
(A) Scarification and Initial Pulverization of Soil Scarified/cultivated with tractor. Pulverized with rotator and disc harrows
(B) Lime Spreading : Dry Lime spread at the rate of4% by weight of soil
(C) Mixing & Watering : Proper pulverization andmixing done by Rotavator. The soil is thenprepared for watering to initiate chemical reaction.
(A) Scarification and Initial Pulverization of Soil Scarified/cultivated with tractor. Pulverized with rotator and disc harrows
(B) Lime Spreading : Dry Lime spread at the rate of4% by weight of soil
(C) Mixing & Watering : Proper pulverization andmixing done by Rotavator. The soil is thenprepared for watering to initiate chemical reaction.
(A) Scarification and Initial Pulverization of Soil Scarified/cultivated with tractor. Pulverized with rotator and disc harrows
(B) Lime Spreading : Dry Lime spread at the rate of4% by weight of soil
(C) Mixing & Watering : Proper pulverization andmixing done by Rotavator. The soil is thenprepared for watering to initiate chemical reaction.
(A) Scarification and Initial Pulverization of Soil Scarified/cultivated with tractor. Pulverized with rotator and disc harrows
(B) Lime Spreading : Dry Lime spread at the rate of4% by weight of soil
(C) Mixing & Watering : Proper pulverization andmixing done by Rotavator. The soil is thenprepared for watering to initiate chemical reaction.
Construction Methodology AdoptedConstruction Methodology Adopted
(D)Final Mixing : Water is added to ensure completehydration & uniform stabilization.
(E) Final Mixing & pulverization : To accomplish completestabilization final pulverisation of clay fractions. Thoroughdistribution of lime through out the soil esteemed forstabilization.
(f) Final Curing : Before placing the sub base , thecompacted sub grade be allowed to get compacted untilloaded truck can move without rutting the surface. Thisshould be done in 48 hours.
(D)Final Mixing : Water is added to ensure completehydration & uniform stabilization.
(E) Final Mixing & pulverization : To accomplish completestabilization final pulverisation of clay fractions. Thoroughdistribution of lime through out the soil esteemed forstabilization.
(f) Final Curing : Before placing the sub base , thecompacted sub grade be allowed to get compacted untilloaded truck can move without rutting the surface. Thisshould be done in 48 hours.
(D)Final Mixing : Water is added to ensure completehydration & uniform stabilization.
(E) Final Mixing & pulverization : To accomplish completestabilization final pulverisation of clay fractions. Thoroughdistribution of lime through out the soil esteemed forstabilization.
(f) Final Curing : Before placing the sub base , thecompacted sub grade be allowed to get compacted untilloaded truck can move without rutting the surface. Thisshould be done in 48 hours.
(D)Final Mixing : Water is added to ensure completehydration & uniform stabilization.
(E) Final Mixing & pulverization : To accomplish completestabilization final pulverisation of clay fractions. Thoroughdistribution of lime through out the soil esteemed forstabilization.
(f) Final Curing : Before placing the sub base , thecompacted sub grade be allowed to get compacted untilloaded truck can move without rutting the surface. Thisshould be done in 48 hours.
Soil Testing reportName of Road : Pardi Kambhada Road
ParticularsParticle Size analysis
Atterberg Limits
Classification
Design SoakCBR %
Gravel SandSilt+Clay LL PL PI MDD OMC
Natural Soil 6 42 52 40 22 18 CI 1.71 13.3 3.25Natural Soil 6 42 52 40 22 18 CI 1.71 13.3 3.25
Soil with Limemodified soil
(laboratory test) 30 40 30 31 21 10 SC 1.99 10 11.02
After Executionof limestabilization(Field Test) 30 31 30 31 21 10 SC 1.99 10 11.52
Natural Sub grade soil test results
AS PER MIX DESIGN FIELD ACHIVEMENT
Soil Testing reportName of Road : Velvach kundi Road
Particulars Particle Size analysisAtterberg Limits
Classification
Design Soaked CBR
%Gravel Sand Silt Clay LL PL PI MDD OMC
Natural Soil 8 39 26 27 58 29 29 CH 1.63 22.4 2.2Natural Soil 8 39 26 27 58 29 29 CH 1.63 22.4 2.2Soil with Limemodified soil(laboratorytest 5% lime)CaO content60.4% 3.5 15 61 2.5 37.8 25.8 12 MI 1.77 18.6 68
AfterExecution oflimestabilization(Field Test)
CBR achieved in field 27.0
NaturalSub gradesoil testresults
AS PER MIX DESIGN FIELD ACHIVEMENT
Soil Testing ReportName of Road : Amalipada Ukhaldha Dhajamba Veljar Road
Particulars Particle Size analysisAtterberg Limits
Classification
Design
SoakedCBR %
Gravel Sand Silt Clay LL PL PI MDD OMC
Natural Soil 0 22 32 46 52 24 28 CH 1.62 18.6 2.80%Natural Soil 0 22 32 46 52 24 28 CH 1.62 18.6 2.80%Soil havingLime +Fly ashmodified soil(laboratory test)CaO content44.8% 0 44 32 24 42 22 20 CI 1.55 21.7 17.4%AfterExecution oflimestabilization(Field Test) 1 48 26 25 43 21 22 CI 1.57 21.0 13.2%
Impact on Construction CostPavement Design with & without stabilization Comparison
SrNo Name of road: CBR
Thickness(mm)(sand
cappinglayer of
CBR10%)
Costin lakhs
CBRafter
stabilization
Thickness ofmodified/stabilized with 4%
lime + 15%gravel or
sand
Costin lakhs
Costeffectiveness in subgrade/sub
base %
Totalproject
Costeffectivene
ss in %
1
T09 Supa PeraKuched Sisodra(A) malekporeroad Ta. & Dist.Navsari
2.73 150 20.25 10.96 150 17.40 14.07 1.21
2T07 PardiKambada MahudiRoad Ta. & Dist.Navsari
2.69 150 28.66 11.02 150 23.89 16.64 1.11
3 L269 Velvachkundi Road Ta &Dist.Valsad
2.20 300 6.60 27.00 300 4.78 27.57 4.73
ConclusionsConclusions(A) It is revealed from the test result that Engineering Properties
specifically Modified Soil Drastically Change as stated below:
PI =18 reduces to 11 and 28 reduces to 22
CBR= 3.25 increases to 11.02 and 2.80 increases to 13.2
FSI=45.5 falls to 24.0
Above properties are governing factor of strength of thesubgrade which has been achieved and Road pavementconstructed is almost 1.0% to 4.0% cheaper than the Nonmodified subgrade.
(B) Performance of the Road behavior under traffic condition yet tobe evaluated.
(C) Durability of subgrade will be observed onwards in adverseclimatic and environmental conditions.
(A) It is revealed from the test result that Engineering Propertiesspecifically Modified Soil Drastically Change as stated below:
PI =18 reduces to 11 and 28 reduces to 22
CBR= 3.25 increases to 11.02 and 2.80 increases to 13.2
FSI=45.5 falls to 24.0
Above properties are governing factor of strength of thesubgrade which has been achieved and Road pavementconstructed is almost 1.0% to 4.0% cheaper than the Nonmodified subgrade.
(B) Performance of the Road behavior under traffic condition yet tobe evaluated.
(C) Durability of subgrade will be observed onwards in adverseclimatic and environmental conditions.
(A) It is revealed from the test result that Engineering Propertiesspecifically Modified Soil Drastically Change as stated below:
PI =18 reduces to 11 and 28 reduces to 22
CBR= 3.25 increases to 11.02 and 2.80 increases to 13.2
FSI=45.5 falls to 24.0
Above properties are governing factor of strength of thesubgrade which has been achieved and Road pavementconstructed is almost 1.0% to 4.0% cheaper than the Nonmodified subgrade.
(B) Performance of the Road behavior under traffic condition yet tobe evaluated.
(C) Durability of subgrade will be observed onwards in adverseclimatic and environmental conditions.
(A) It is revealed from the test result that Engineering Propertiesspecifically Modified Soil Drastically Change as stated below:
PI =18 reduces to 11 and 28 reduces to 22
CBR= 3.25 increases to 11.02 and 2.80 increases to 13.2
FSI=45.5 falls to 24.0
Above properties are governing factor of strength of thesubgrade which has been achieved and Road pavementconstructed is almost 1.0% to 4.0% cheaper than the Nonmodified subgrade.
(B) Performance of the Road behavior under traffic condition yet tobe evaluated.
(C) Durability of subgrade will be observed onwards in adverseclimatic and environmental conditions.
THANKS!
Dr Shriniwas S Arkatkar,Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
SVNIT Surat, Member, STA, Surat, GujaratMobile: +91-8140252777, [email protected]
THANKS!
Dr Shriniwas S Arkatkar,Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
SVNIT Surat, Member, STA, Surat, GujaratMobile: +91-8140252777, [email protected]
THANKS!
Dr Shriniwas S Arkatkar,Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
SVNIT Surat, Member, STA, Surat, GujaratMobile: +91-8140252777, [email protected]
THANKS!
Dr Shriniwas S Arkatkar,Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
SVNIT Surat, Member, STA, Surat, GujaratMobile: +91-8140252777, [email protected]