Reports Monitoring 2007

8/7/2019 Reports Monitoring 2007

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Building a Sustainable Tomorrow

2007

QuoddyLearningCentre

The Environmental Health of theSt. Croix Estuary

Photo Credit: Joyce Morrell


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March 2008

m ee er, rt ur ac ay

Quoddy Learning Centre & Nature ParkSt. Stephen NB, Canada

Occasional Report No. 2008-3

r mary un ng rov e y:

Atlantic Coastal Action Program

Environment Canada

The Environmental Health of the St. Croix EstuaryMonitoring Program 2007

QuoddyLearningCentre

Your Environmental Trust Fund at Work

Votre Fonds en f ducie pour lenvironment au travail


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a e o Contents

2. Project Location

1. Intro uction

2.1 Map

2.2 Study Area

2.3 Physiography

2.4 Bathymetry

2.5 Substrate

2.6 Light & Water Clarity

2.7 Climate & Meterorology 7

2.8 Tides

2.9 Geology 2.10 Historical Information 9

3. Monitoring Program

.1 The Organization 1

.2 Project Background 2

.3 Past Monitoring Projects & Results 3

3.1 Project Objectives

3.2 Three Simple Steps To Estuary Restoration 16

3.3 2007 Monitoring Results

3.3.1 Zone J

3.3.2 Zone I

3.3.3 Zone H

3.3.4 Zone G

3.3.5 Zone F

3.3.6 Zone E

3.3.7 Zone D

3.3.8 Zone C

3.3.9 Zone B

3.3.10 Zone A

3.4 2007 Watch List Sites

3.4.1 Picnic Kiosk

3.4.2 Boat Ramp

3.4.3 Clarke

3.4.4 Dennis Stream

3.4.5 Chocolate Park

3.4.6 Seniors Complex

3.4.7 Buchanan Street

3.4.8 Gateway

3.4.9 Oak Bay

3.5 The Bayside Quarry


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ntro uction

1.1 The Organization

The St Croix Estuary Project Inc. (SCEP Inc.) is acommunity-based, not-for-pro t charity, a board and member

driven organization that has been a stabilizing force in the

Passamaquoddy Region for the last 15 years. We are also a

member of the Atlantic Coastal Action Program (ACAP). ACAP is

made up of 16 organizations in the four Atlantic Provinces. Each

one of these non-pro t organizations operates independently,

but is linked under the umbrella of ACAP to represent a force

stronger than the individual parts.

In 1991, faced with an urgent need to restore coastal

environments so that they would sustain coastal communities,

Environment Canada initiated the Atlantic Coastal Action

Program, as a means of empowering local communities to take

the lead in identifying and addressing their environmental anddevelopment challenges. The ACAP groups recognize that

local organizations are the most effective champions to achieve

sustainability in their communities. By empowering communities

and taking on a holistic approach towards protecting the

environment, ACAP communities and their partners have

achieved great successes.

Since 1992, SCEP Inc. has conducted scienti c research and

water quality monitoring and remediation, as well as knowledgegeneration and community outreach programs on an annual

basis.

n 2002, SCEP Inc. purchased a 350 acre parcel of land which

has since been developed into a nature & (New Brunswicks

rst) marine park, the anong Nature & Marine Park. This land

serves both the community and up until now, approximately 10

00 visitors/year. Presently, SCEP Inc. is nishing a $2 millionproject on this land, which includes the construction of an

nterpretive Centre The Quoddy Learning Centre, road and

rail upgrades, a marine tidal pool and many other environmental

and sustainable development displays and programs.

SCEP Incs reputation has grown steadily since its inceptionin 1992 and, because of the con dence expressed by thecommunity; SCEP Inc was offered and accepted an important

community asset, Camp Waweig. The Waweig property is

located on 40 acres of forested land bordering the Waweig

River, and has served the community for more than 80 years.

t includes 7 cabins, a large (30 x 50) cookhouse, bathroom

facilities and a large meeting hall (24 x 24) overlooking the

aweig Estuary, as well as established nature trails throughout


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the adjacent forested area. These facilities have been the core

of a popular camp that was founded over 80 years ago and now

has an alumnus list of approximately 10 000.

Throughout the years SCEP Inc. has had many supporters, mak-

ing our projects possible. Support comes from the community;

the federal and provincial levels of government; groups such

as the Shell Environment Fund, Canadian Tire, many science-

based partnerships including the Gulf of Maine Council and the

International Joint Commission as well as partnerships with

local schools, municipalities and organizations such as Ducks

Unlimited, Nature Canada, Evergreen, the NB Environmental

Trust Fund and the NB Wildlife Trust Fund.

From its earliest beginnings, SCEP Inc. has implemented

the community model for environmental decision making and

coastal management. Volunteer monitoring programs, scienti c

study, public outreach and education, coastal resource mapping,

and sustainable job creation are all hallmarks of St. Croixs

history. Over the last 15 years, for instance, the organization

has completed water audits for municipalities, drogue studies

in the Passamaquoddy Bay, environmental lecture series,

stewardship courses for adults and children alike, nature

camps, environmental excursions, and eco-history tours by boat

and land for groups such as Outward Bound to name a few of

ACAP St. Croixs many initiatives.

1.2 Project Background

Much of ACAP St. Croixs early work culminated in 1997 with the

release of a Comprehensive Environmental Management Plan

(CEMP) detailing 50 immediate courses of action to address the

environmental concerns for the area. ACAP St Croixs Monitoring

and Remediation Program has been designed to de ne and

monitor the Health of the St. Croix Estuary and Passamaquoddy

Bay and to initiate remediation work and follow-up that will insure

incremental improvement in regional environmental health. This

is proving to be a successful strategy.

ithin this context, the 2007 Monitoring & Remediation work

has contributed to the following articles of our Comprehensive

Environmental Management Plan;

dentify and de ne sources of pollution in the Estuary

nitiate programs that will reduce bacterial discharge into

he St. Croix Estuary and Passamaquoddy Bay .

Conduct annual monitoring program that will evaluate theresults of remedial work as well as identify new pollution

sources.

Participate in trans-boundary dialog on ef uent and

ef uent treatment

Develop non point-source pollution prevention strategies

Continue work towards separating storm and sanitary

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sewers in St. Stephen

Monitor the Estuary area for fecal coliform bacteria and

other bacterial and chemical inputs.

romote c ean water

Develop, maintain and monitor important terrestrial and

freshwater habitat sites that are being impacted by

pollution.

Convene meetings and events for the exchange

of information on, and celebration of, the St. Croix/

assamaquo y reg on

Make recommendations to municipalities and conductfollow-up regarding commitments made, to prevent and

clean up marine and estuarine debris

ACAP St. Croixs environmental science work, now designatedas the Quoddy Ecosystem Initiative, is designed to providecritical up-to-date information that can be used in time-sensitivedecision making. The purpose of the Monitoring Program is totest a set o xe samp ng s tes t at ave een v s te eac

year since 2004 and to use these data to quickly and ef cientlyassess the current health of the St. Croix River Estuary animportant economic, environmental and social watershed. Thesampling sites are in 10 zones in the St. Croix Estuary, from St.

tep en to t. n rews .

e goa s to re uce an , w ere poss e, e m nate po ut onin the St.Croix Estuary and Passamaquoddy Bay. Increase

community environmental awareness and stewardship byimproving local capacity to collect and analyze water quality

samples; prevent increases in water pollution by working withpo uters to a ev ate present po nt an non-po nt sources opollution; and engage decision-makers and citizens in waterquality initiatives.

1.3 Past Monitoring Projects

2001 - 2004 - Health of the St. Croix Estuary 1604 2004.

his is the 2 year baseline study for the Monitoring andRemediation Program. - This study is still being cited byDFO , NB Department of the Environment as well as theown of St. Stephen in their ongoing work

22004-2005 Health of the St. Croix Estuary in the NextMillennium Report #1 A Restoration / Remediation Planfor the St. Stephen Waterfront, 2005 This document is

Monitor Training

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one reference used for the ongoing Town of St Stephensremediation of point source pollution as well as for storman san tary separat on wor .

2005-2006 Health of the St. Croix Estuary in the NextMillennium Report #2 A Restoration / Remediation Planfor Dennis Stream, the Municipal Water Source for St.Stephen - The Town of St Stephen prepared in-housereports based on input from ACAP St Croixs work, aswell, some remediation work was completed immediatelyupon presentation of this report

2006-2007 ACAP St Croix Inc. was contracted by the Town

of St Stephen to develop a plan for the Billy WestonBrook, which will be ongoing in 2008 2009. Due tothis work we were also contacted by DFO to create aproposal for HADD (Harmful Alteration, Disruption orDestruction of Fish Habitat) compensation work to becompleted on this brook. The work will be completedpending DOT support.


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2. Location

5

2.1 Maps


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2.2 Study Area

he St. Croix River Estuary is located at the northwest cornerof Passamaquoddy Bay at the western mouth of the Bay of

un y n Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada.

The St. Croix River Estuary extends from tidehead at Salmon

Falls in St. Stephen (Milltown) to St. Andrews. It is the largest

river owing into Passamaquoddy Bay and its in uence is felt

well out into this body of water and beyond.

The Upper Estuary, from Salmon Falls to The Ledge, is a

typical river estuary. However, because of its con guration and

topography, the Lower Estuary has more marine characteristics

and closer ecological af nities with Passamaquoddy Bay and

is considered by some to be a fjord. The Estuary is a typical

estuary where marine in uences become more pronounced

as one proceeds downstream. The study area has both

freshwater and marine af nities.

2.3 Physiography

he St. Croix River Estuary/Passamaquoddy Bay area is a

drowned shoreline with an indented coast re ecting the bedrock

geology and structure of the region. The main features were

s ape y g ac a ce an t e stuary un ou te y e a va ey

glacier that may have extended into Western and Head Harbour

Passages (Forgeron, 1959). The coastline is generally rugged

with numerous small mountains reaching heights of 600 feet.

2.4 Bathymetry

he Estuary has an average depth below low water of 38

ft. with channel depths reaching 100 - 130 feet. There are

approximately 10 square miles of exposed intertidal area

(Forgeron, 1959).

Passamaquoddy Bay has an average depth of about 78 ft. It

is shallow in the northern portion with the deepest areas being

found to the south where depths reach 200-250 feet. The

exposed intertidal area is approximately 51 square miles, with

approximately 6 square miles of intertidal mud at (Forgeron,

950).

2.5 Su strates

ubtidally the St. Croix Estuary is dominated by mud with

cobble, boulder bottom in scoured areas, and occasional

emergent e ges. ntert a y t e s ores are pr mar y mu

with emergent ledge. There are a few sandy areas and mixed

beaches of cobble, boulder, sand, and mud are relatively

common.6


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nti recent years, weirs were ui t an s e in t e ower t. roix stuary up to a ay. o ution e minate t is va ua e s ery in t e s.

Warmer sea water is created by the large tidal range and the

intense vertical mixing in the waters of the Passamaquoddy

and West Isles marine areas. As a result, there is very little ice

formation in the Bay, although it does occur in the deeper bays

and estuaries and shores do ice up during very cold periods.

The average annual temperature in Passamaquoddy Bay is very

constant at approximately 5C. The warmest period is generally

between July and August and the coldest is between January

and mid-February. Thomas (1983) quotes recordings from ships

showing seasonal means as follows: February, -3C; May, 8C;

August, 14C; November, 6C.

rec p tat on occurs on a out ays per year an averages

about 1400 mm per year. About 75% of this is rain and the

balance is snow or snow equivalents (Thomas, 1983).

8

Fog is most intense during the spring and early summer with

uly generally being the worst month. During the period May

o August, 10-14 days per month are foggy, while this drops to 2-

days per month during the winter. Fog is most common during

mild weather or with low velocity southerly breezes which cause

offshore banks to move into Passamaquoddy Bay through Big

Letete, Little Letete and Western Passages. This in uences

he lower St. Croix Estuary, but has little effect on the mid and

upper Estuary regions. During the summer it is common for the

continental air mass to force fog banks out of the Bay during the

day, but they generally return quickly at sunset.


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9

2.8 Tides

e sem urna t es n assamaquo y ay ave a

12.4 h cycle and are typical for the outer Bay of Fundy with amax mum range o . m. e great t a magn tu e an gent e

sloping character of the area results in a large intertidal area

approx mate y square m es w c s gn cant y a ects t e

diversity and abundance of marine plants and animals. From

an econom c po nt o v ew, t e ntert a area supports goo

beds of soft-shelled clams (Mya arenaria which occur in areas

t at ave genera y een c ose ue to co orm po ut on. a

Water from Passamaquoddy Bay ows into and out of the St.

ro x ver stuary, reac ng to t e ea at a mon a s n t.

Stephen. This water mixes with the large volume of freshwater

t at enters t e stuary rom t e t. ro x ver an ot er

Estuary tributaries

2.9 Geology

he valley glacier that originated in the St. Croix River

stuary cut across t e nort eastern structura tren o t e

bedrock (Cumming, 1967) and evidence of glaciation is common

t roug out t e area. rect ons o str ae range rom sout

degrees west to south 64 degrees east and fall into at least two

sets, an o er set tren ng sout er y an a younger sout east

set. Drift and deposits of strati ed outwash gravels are commonly

found throughout the area (Alcock, 1945).

he bedrock geology, sur cial geology and faults of the St Croix

River Valley have been well documented and maps are availablefrom NB Department of Natural Resources

Regarding earthquakes Burke (2000) writes: Passamaquoddy

Bay was identi ed as a seismically active region by Barosh

(1981), who stated that more than 50 earthquakes had been

reported from the area since 1870. He reports that after a

network of seismograph stations was installed in southeastern

Maine in 1975, an average of 7 earthquakes per year had beenrecorded with a magnitude range of 1 to 3.2.

t t e except on o an aggregate excavat on operat on at t e

Bayside Port in the St. Croix River Estuary, there is little coastal

m n ng act v ty n t e area at t e present t me. owever, current

prospecting activities show promising results for a number of

m nera s, nc u ng go . t s e y t at coasta operat ons w

be started in the future and this could in uence the marineresources o t e area.

2.10 Historical Information

en amp a n an emonts arr ve at t. ro x n ,

he area was much different than it is today. The shorelines were


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dominated by huge cathedral pine that created forests much

like the rain forests of the west coast; towering trees that created

a wet, dark understory. The trees we see today were much less

common and were found on hilltops, burns, and swampy areas.

White-tailed deer were absent or rare and the dominant species

included caribou, moose, and wolves. Labrador duck, the great

auk, passenger pigeon, sea mink and other extinct species were

common.

The St. Croix Estuary thronged with sh, osprey, eagles, and

other species that fed on the abundant marine forage to be

found here. Champlain stated that,In May and June there is

taken there (Salmon Falls) so great an abundance of herring

and bass that vessels could be loaded with them.

The water quality of the St. Croix River Estuary started to suffer

during the logging days. As industry rushed to the St. Croix to

capitalize on the forest wealth, sawmills, chandlers, brokers,

and various industries established themselves on wharves

along the St. Stephen and Calais waterfronts. At the height ofcommercial activity, there were more than 40 active wharves

along the shores of St Stephen and Calais.

Dams, and sluiceways were constructed along the River and

sh runs began to diminish. A dam at the Union was particularly

hard on sh runs since it spanned the entire River. Eventually

sh ladders were built in an attempt to restore the important St.

Croix sh runs.

n addition, shoreline stability was reduced due to deforestation,

ons of sawdust, wood debris, and chemicals accumulated in

he River creating anaerobic processes that greatly reduced

he environmental health of the Estuary. To this day, shoreline

sediments have created huge intertidal ats and banks that are

irtually uninhabitable sawdust ats - a 150 year old legacy.

n the 1960s the lower River and Estuary became grossly

polluted as the mill at Woodland, operated at that time by

Georgia-Paci c, began dumping black liquor and other wastes

directly into the St. Croix River. The health of the estuary

declined rapidly and the impacts were felt both on the American

and Canadian sides of the estuary as well as downstream

into Passamaquoddy Bay. Recreational shing disappeared,

commercial shing began a precipitous decline, paint peeled

from houses, and respiratory problems arose.

On both the Canadian and American sides, at least 9 signi cant

clam ats have been closed due to bacterial contamination. On

he US side, these closures have been in effect since 1969 and

on the Canadian side, since 1988.

Elevated levels of pollution continued until the 1970s when the


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he development of eco-tourism related activities in the River.

Since St. Stephen will soon be by-passed by a new highway, it is

recognized that a new approach to tourism is essential if visitorsare to be attracted to the Town. However, the risk to human

health, as de ned by the Canadian Water Quality Guidelines, is

great. The highest densities ofE.colihave been recorded along

he storm drain outfalls and mysterious seepages along the St.

Stephen waterfront; the area that has been identi ed for tourist-

related development. Unfortunately, the risk to human health is

real and this fact may preclude any worthwhile development

based on the River at this point.

Among the various types of organisms found in the St Stephen

sewage outfalls are disease-causing organisms or pathogens

and fecal coliforms, bacteria found in the intestinal tracts of

warm-blooded mammals and a standard used to determine

he extent of sewage contamination. Fecal coliform bacteria

hemselves are not necessarily hazardous to humans. However,

hey provide an indication of the amount of total fecal matter

present and indicate the possible presence of other pathogens,

such as hepatitis B, cholera, and typhoid. When high levels of

fecal coliform are present, swimming and other recreational

uses of water are prohibited (APA Web Site).

Fecal coliforms, particularly E. coli, indicate the presence of

3.1 Project Objectives

Many studies have been carried out in the St. Croix River Estuary

over the past 100 years or so. In general, they had relatively

narrow and project-speci c objectives which were not related

to measuring long-term change or assessing the environmental

health of this ecosystem.

Our monitoring program has established historic sampling

sites, baseline data, scienti c protocols, and mechanisms for

measuring the relative health of the estuary on an ongoing

annual basis.

Non-point source (NPS) pollution is now a major stressor of the

St Croix River Estuary. The NPS pollution affecting the St Croix

River Estuary can be divided into three general categories,

atmospheric deposition, land run-off, and marine activities.

In the Annual Monitoring & Remediation program, the

concentration is centered on the land run-off category and in

areas adjacent to municipalities, speci cally the present-day

storm and sanitary drain system.

The Town of St. Stephen is presently looking at the potential for

3. The Monitoring Program


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mammal or bird feces in the water. Certain types ofE. coli,

particularly those from cattle, can cause death in humans. In

fact, there have been many dramatic instances of contamination

causing death and contaminated water is of great concern to allmunicipal of cials everywhere

Enterococcus bacteria are a type of fecal streptococcus and are

another valuable indicator for determining the amount of fecal

contamination of water. According to studies conducted by the

EPA, enterococci have a greater correlation with swimming-

associated gastrointestinal illness in both marine and fresh

waters than other bacterial indicator organisms, and are less

likely to die off in saltwater. (www.oasisdesign.net/water/

quality/coliform.htm).

Additionally, cleanup and restoration of the St. Croix Estuary

is essential to the return of the valuable runs of sh species.

Marshes, ponds, and streams have been destroyed during the

long history of development of the waterfronts of St. Stephen and

Calais. Habitat destruction, together with pollution from industrial

and domestic sources, has resulted in the loss of important

forage species such as smelt, sticklebacks, mummichogs. and

important marine invertebrates, as well as spawning habitat for

species such as striped bass, American eel and other estuarine

shes and invertebrates. With proper environmental design,

some of this habitat may be reclaimed during the process of

reducing and eliminating pollution sources.

Until ACAP St Croix began its proactive Monitoring andRemediation Program, little if any remedial implementation

was initiated. To counter this, our Monitoring and Remediation

Program stresses the following elements:

. IDENTIFY the pollution sites;

. DEFINE the source(s) and level of pollution;

. PRIORITIZE, TARGET & REMEDIATE chosen sites,

and. PERFORM FOLLOWUP MONITORING to assess

success or failure.

o date this approach has resulted in remedial success that

has not been achieved before. Pollution sources have been

identi ed and eliminated for the rst time. For instance in our

Health of the St. Croix Estuary in the Next Millennium Report

#1 A Restoration / Remediation Plan for the St. Stephen

aterfront, 2005we made immediate reccommendations for

he municipality to address 7 sites of point souce pollution, now

of those sites have been cleaned up and the other 5 sites are

being addressed through the municipalitys 5 year work plan.

Also, new projects are under discussion that may substantially

reduce pollution in the future.14


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As can be seen in our study The St. Croix Estuary 1604-2004

and in monitoring results from the last two years, we have

identi ed many locations that contribute to water and air pollution

in the St. Croix River Valley. The existing and future Monitoringand Remediation Program focuses on these red- ag sites.

Our annual monitoring program includes water sample collection

and species data collection from 10 pre-selected sites. These

sites, encompassing 10 zones from St. Stephen to St Andrews,

NB, were identi ed in The St. Croix Estuary 1604-2004 and

have since been sampled annuallly.

Intertidal surveys were conducted during the 4 hour time period

before and after low water. Qualitative and quantitative counts

for resident ora and fauna have been taken from various levels

on the beach at each site. Photos and GPS points were taken

and volunteers and staff completed careful examination of the

organisms and recorded the data. Subtidal observations are

made by underwater video.Where necessary, dip nets and

minnow seines were used to sample tide pools or shallow water

areas. Water samples were taken by volunteers and staff and

delivered within 24 hours to laboratory facilities in Saint John,

NB where total coliform and E.coli were measured. Tests for

ammonia, nitrates/nitrites, phosphates, temperature, disolved

oxygen and salinity were conducted on-site with various

instruments including a YSI meter and various test strips.15


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1 2 3

3 Simple Steps to Estuary Restoration

MonitorDef ne Target & Repair

1. Conduct a detailed baseline study

2. Determine what has changed

over time

3. Determine what the problem sites

exist

4. Prioritize problem sites.

1. Select an annual target site or sites for

remediation

2. Seek funding, partners, and approvals

3. Begin physical remediation with appropriate

authorities

1. Design annual monitoring program

2. Annually monitor all target sites

3. Target negative changes for detailed

follow-up

4. Perform follow-up sampling and

reporting on remediated sites.

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Each year the St CroixEstuary Project Incconducts monitoring in 10zones from St. Stephen to

t. Andrews. In the

following section, results ofthe 2007 monitoringprogram are presented.


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19

51131N0671714W

A beach survey was conductedat this site. Green unicelluarmatter was noted along

he high water mark and onscattered rocks. No rockweedor other algae was found.Worms Lineus and Nereis foundunder rocks on mud. ammaruspresent in stream. Periwinklesand barnacles were present.Identi ed as poor habitat.

Ammonia 0

Phosphates 15itrite 0itrate 0

pH 7.4Temp. 4.1 CTotal Coliforms TNTC

E.colimL

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

400

0

800

120

1600

o

o283

885 885800

oo

ZONE J - Station 1

Location: This stationis located at The Coveabove the InternationalBridge in St. Stephen.

NC

o For primaryhuman contact

(immersion) theacceptable levelsare 100/100mL and

for secondary humancontact (canoeing)

the acceptable level is400/100mL

007 Annual Monitoring Results

The Cove Site - downtownSt. Stephen


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20

o52

o

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

400

0

800

1200

1600

TNTC

oo

ZONE J -

Station 2

Location:

This stationis locatedadjacent toPizza Delightand thepublic wharf.

o48

E.colimL

A beach survey was conductedat this site. Rockweed wascommon, Ulva presentNereis present to common

Porphyra - present to commonGammarus - present

451131N0671635W

Ammonia 0Phosphates 5Nitrite 0Nitrate 0pH 7.4Temp 4.9 CTotal Coliforms TNTC

The Downtown St.Stephewn Wharf Site


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E.colimL

o

ONE I - Station 5

Location: This station islocated at The Narrows.Take the Donald

Road off the Ledge Road.

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

400

0

800

100

160

0

TNTC

oo o

10

450956N0671337W

This beach has a very high con-tent of sawdust. Fucus, Gamma-rus, periwinkles and barnacles

ere noted as present

Ammonia 0Phosphates 5

itrite 0itrate 0

pH --Temp 5.0 CTotal Coliforms TNTC

The Narrows SiteLedge Loop Site


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o

o

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

400

0

800

1200

1600

NTC

o782

239

17

E.colimL

ZONE H - Station 6

Location: This station islocated at the Ledge Loop.

451022N0671222W

The Narrows Site

Downtown StStephen

at this site, a slight sewer smell-as noted and there were skidderracks on beach. No obvious chang-

es in ora/fauna were noted, typi-cal assemblages include; Mytilus,

ereis, barnacles, trongylocentro-us, Ulva, Fucus

22


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Rose Bowl InnSite

ZONE G - Station 7

Location: This station ishe Rose Bowl Inn

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

400

0

800

1200

1600

TNTC

oo3

o

E.coli

During the beach survey it wasnoted that there was a rust(oxidized iron) colour coveringhe fresh water stream bottom

and the intertidal area had heavyEntormorpha. Fucus, periwinklesand barnacles were present

451305N0671139W

Ammonia 0.25Phosphates 0Nitrite 0Nitrate 0pH --Temp 4.0 C

Total Coliforms TNTC

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2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

400

0

800

1200

1600

TNTC

o o

ZONE F - Station 9

Location: This station islocated at the bridge overhe Waweig River

at Gilmans Corner.

28 11

E.coli

Gilmans Corner Site

451238N0670848W

There was an abundance ofcreosote noted at this site.Rockweed was common, dog

helk eggs, periwinkles,

M tilus, Zostera, Chondrusand Porphyra ere present.As well, eel grass andbarnacles were abundant

Ammonia 0Phosphates 5Nitrite 0

Nitrate 0pH 6.9Temp 6.0 CTotal Coliforms TNTC

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o

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

400

0

800

1200

1600

TNTC ZONE E - Station 10

Location: This stationis located at the Ganong

ature Park at ToddsPoint.

o oo

>1053 57

25

451021N0670935W

E. coli levels consistently under100cfu/100mL

The beach survey indicatedthat all is well, usual abundant ora & fauna. Typicalassemblages include; belia,Metridium, Acmaea, Littorina,Mytilus, Clymenella, Nereis,Balanus, Gammarus, Crangon,arcinus, Echinarachnius,trogylocentrotus, Asterias,

Ascophyllum, Fucus, and

erebratulus

Todds Point Site

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ZONE D - Station 12

Location: This station islocated at the Island ViewCampground at

andy Point.

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243o

22

The beach survey indicatedthat all is well, usualabundant ora & fauna

including Ascophyllum,Fucus, Strongylocentrotus,Asterias, Gammarus,Crangon, Carcinus, Balanus,Idotea, Clymenella, Glycera,Mytilus, Littorina, Acmaea,and Metridium.

Sandy Point Site

450825N0670753W

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ZONE C - Station 13

Location: This station islocated at the Garcelonsin Johnson Cove.

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Garcelons Site

450723N0670615W

The beach survey indicat-ed no substantial changesin the typical assemblagesof Ascophyllum, Fucus,

trongylocentrotus, Aste-rias, Gammarus, Crangon,Carcinus, Balanus, Idotea,Mytilus, Clymenella, Litto-rina, and Metridium

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ZONE B - Station 14

Location: This station islocated at the furthestend of the main building

on your right at the St.Andrews Biological Stationon Brandyove Rd.

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Brandy Cove Site

The beach survey indicated no signi cantchanges in typical ora / fauna whichincludes; Leucosolenia, Metridium,Acmaea, Littorina, Thais, Mytilus,

lymenella, Nereis, Balanus, Idotea,ammarus, Carcinus, Strongylocentrotus,Asterias, Entromor ha, Monostroma,Ulva, Ascophyllum, Ectocarpus, Fucus,Polysiphonia, Porphyra, Lineus, Bryozoan,and Molgula. A slight sewerage smell wasnoted.

50451N0670505W

Ammonia 0.25Phosphates 0Nitrite 0

Nitrate 0pH --Temp 8.5 CTotal Coliforms 1986.3/100mL

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ZONE A - Station 16

Location: Heading into StAndrews from St Stephen, thisstation is located by turning

right at the Block house ontoJoes Point Road. Continue onJoes Point Road unitl you crossa little bridge. The bridge is athis location.

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00 291

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Pottery Creek Site

Marsh looks good, some erosion,no smells. Entromorpha, Molgula,Polysiphonia, Ulva, Ascophyllum, Chorda,hordaria, Fucus, Echinarachnius,

trongylocentrotus, Asterias,ammarus, Cran on, carcinus, Balanus,lymenella, Thais, Ischiton ruber,

Acmaea, Crepidula, Littorina, andMetridium are the typical assemblages

450442N0670411W


itrite 0itrate 0

pH --Temp 6.0 CTotal Coliforms TNTC

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ZONE A - Station 15

Location: This station islocated at the furthestpoint east in St Andrews.

Enter on the main road oft Andrews and drive untilyou are adjacent to the

iwanis Campground.

oo

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Indian Point Site

The beach survey indicated that all iswell, with the typical abundant ora &fauna including; Entromorpha, Molgula,Polysiphonia, Ulva, Ascophyllum, Chorda,

hordaria, Fucus, Echinarachnius,trongylocentrotus, Asterias, Gammarus,rangon, Carcinus, Balanus, Clymenella,

Thais, Ischiton ruber, Acmaea, Crepidula,Littorina, and Metridium

450401N0670230W


itrite 0itrate 0

pH 6.9Temp 8.9 CTotal Coliforms TNTC

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007 Updates on Watch-list Sites

Location: This station is

located in front of thegreen picnic kiosklocated on Budd Ave.

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This site was

reccommended for cleanup to the Town of St.tephen in 2004. We will

be seeking committmentfrom the municipality forimmediate action

51132N

0671629W

Picnic Kiosk Site

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This site is locatedeast of the public boatlaunch in downtown St.

tephen

500

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451131N671640W

This site was brought to theTowns attention in 2004. TheE. coli numbers are too highfor primary human contact

ith this source but are stillunder the Canadian Water

uality Guidelines for second-ary human contact.

Boat Ramp East


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Location: This station is

located behind the ClarkeBuilding on Milltown Blvd.

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Clarke Building Site

451131N0671645W

This site was cleanedup by the Town of St.

tephen, and theowners of the building

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Location: This station islocated where the Dennis

tream ows into

the St. Croix.

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451130N0671531W

Dennis Stream Site

This sites E.coli counts haveremained under 100cfu/100mLfor 2 years in a row.

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Location: This station is locatedon the rivers edge in downtown

t. Stephen in front of Choco-late Park

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51131N0671643W

Chocolate Park Site

This site was brought to theMunicipalitys attention in 2004.The E. coli numbers are exces-sivley high. The test used tomeasure the E.coli/100mL willmeasure up to 2419.6cfu/100mL.Under the Canadian Water Qual-ity Guidelines for primary humancontact E.coli must be under100cfu/100mL, for second-ary human contact the limit is400cfu/100mL. This site exceeds2419.6cfu/100mL and is consid-

ered dangerous.

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Location: This station islocated at the southwest

corner of the seniorscomplex parking lot

296

451127N0671554W

This site was brought to theTowns attention in 2004. TheE. coli numbers are too high for

primary human contact with thissource but are still under theanadian Water Quality Guidelines

for secondary human contact.

Seniors Complex Site

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45 11 31W 67 17 26

This sites E.coli counts haveremained under 100cfu/100mLsince the monitoring programstarted. Total coliforms have

continuously been too numerouso count

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cated close to theateway Cathedral

inside Town of St.tephen limits

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Location: This station islocated at the beach byhe Oak Bay Campground.

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Campground Site

Three years out of four, thissites E.coli counts have re-mained under the CanadianWater Quality Guidelines for

primary human contact, 100cfu/100mL. In 2006, there wereelevated E.coli levels, but eventhen the levels remained underthe level for for secondary hu-man contact, 400cfu/100mL

1

Documents

Reports Monitoring 2007