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REPORT ON TRAINING
ON SMALL HYDRO POWER DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAM HELD ON 15TH -26TH SEPTEMBER 2014 AT THE ALTERNATIVE HYDRO ENERGY CENTER,
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, ROORKEE, INDIA
by
CGS Gunasekara [CE (Kotmale)], [email protected]
GB Kariyapperuma [EE(M)-Victoria],
Aruna Abeyratna [EE(Kahawatta)],
Rumesh Fernando [ME(Kukule)],
___________________________________________________________________ 21st International Program on Small Hydro Power Development
Indian Institute of Technology, Alternative Hydro Energy Center, Roorkee, India
2
CONTENTS Introduction ...........................................................................................................................3
About IIT Roorkee ..................................................................................................................3
Location of IIT Roorkee ..........................................................................................................3
Small Hydro Power Development Program ...........................................................................4
Use of Modern investigation equipment ...............................................................................4
Application of RS and GIS for SHP planning ...........................................................................5
Selection of Hydro turbines for SHP ......................................................................................5
Investigation and site selection .............................................................................................5 Flow duration and installed capacity .....................................................................................6 Water mills for multipurpose applications (Pico hydro) .......................................................6 Simulation of SHP ...................................................................................................................7 Load forecasting .....................................................................................................................7
Design of civil works ...............................................................................................................7
Simulator Hands on experience .............................................................................................8
Hydro Electric Generators and Excitation systems ................................................................10
Power Evaluation ...................................................................................................................11
O & M of SHP plants...............................................................................................................12
SHP program government perspective ..................................................................................13
Livelihood activities through SHP ..........................................................................................13
Hydro mechanical equipment................................................................................................14
Overview of SHP development ..............................................................................................15
Community based decentralized Generation ........................................................................16
Performance testing of Turbine and Generator ....................................................................18
Regulatory impact on SHP and Tariff .....................................................................................18
SHP Planning and Layout .......................................................................................................19
Financing of SHP.....................................................................................................................20
Roll of decision making ..........................................................................................................20
Conclusion & Recommendations ...........................................................................................22
Appendices
Appendix 1: Technical details of Belka Power station……………………………………………………….24
Appendix 2: Technical details of Manal Power station………………………………………………………26
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Appendix 3: Technical details of Low Head Power plant Bahadrawad………………………………29
Appendix 4: Technical details of pathri power station………………………………………………………33
Appendix 5: List of Resource personnel ……………………………………………………………………………35
4
Introduction:
As nominated by Ceylon Electricity Board, we were sponsored by Ministry of Renewable Energy Resources India (MRERI) to participate in the 21st Training Program on Small Hydro Power Development which was held at Alternative Hydro Energy Center (AHEC), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee, India. This training was held at the IIT Roorkee, AHEC during the period Sep, 15 to Sep, 27, 2014. About IIT Roorkee Indian Institute of Technology - Roorkee is among the foremost of institutes of national importance in higher technological education and in engineering, basic and applied research. Since its establishment, the Institute has played a vital role in providing the technical manpower and know-how to the country and in pursuit of research. The Institute ranks amongst the best technological institutions in the world and has contributed to all sectors of technological development. It has also been considered a trend-setter in the area of education and research in the field of science, technology, and engineering. The Institute has completed 150th year of its existence in October 1996. On September 21, 2001, an Ordinance issued by the Government of India declared it as the nation's seventh Indian Institute of Technology. The Ordinance is now converted into an Act by the Parliament to make IIT, Roorkee as an "Institution of National Importance". The Institute offers Bachelor's Degree courses in 10 disciplines of Engineering and Architecture and Postgraduate's Degree in 55 disciplines of Engineering, Applied Science, Architecture and planning. The Institute has facility for doctoral work in all Departments and Research Centers.
IIT Roorkee is situated at the foothill of the Himalayas, in Hardwar district, within the state of Uttarakhand. Roorkee is a quiet town of moderate size in the district of Haridwar (Uttarakhand), is located on the banks of the upper Ganga Canal, which takes off at Haridwar, 30km away. It is the gateway to the pilgrim centres of Hardwar, Rishikesh, Badrinath and Kedarnath, and tourist attractions of Dehradun and Mussoorie. Roorkee is well connected to Delhi by rail and road. It is situated on National Highways 58 and 73 and is on Amritsar-Howrah main rail route.
Location of IIT Roorkee
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Fig 1. A View of Roorkee town
The Institute has two campuses. The main campus is at Roorkee in Uttarakhand and the other one is 50 km away at Saharanpur in Uttar Pradesh. The campus at Roorkee is spread over 356 acres of landscaped lush greenery. Nestled within this are several heritage buildings,
modern academic departments, twelve hostels, messes, hospital, school, banks, community centres, indoor and outdoor sports facilities which include three sports stadiums, a modern swimming pool, yoga bhawan, dairy, students’ clubs and several activity centres and other buildings. The Department of Paper Technology is located in a 25 acre campus at Saharanpur. A 10 acre campus is being developed as an extension centre at Greater Noida.
Small Hydro Power Development Program:
This was the 21st program held continuously over 21 years conducted by the Ministry of Renewable Energy of India (MREI) and by AHEC, IIT, Roorkee for 21st consecutive year. Participant of around 28 participated for the program representing 9 countries in different regions of the world.
Program attended :
14th Sep, 2014
–
Arrived at Indira Ghandi International airport in Delhi at 17.30 hrs and to Officers Guest House, AHEC, IIT Roorkee at 22.30 hrs. 15th Sep, 2014
–
Attended to the lecture: Use of Modern investigation equipment.
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Learnt the application of modern measuring equipment and tools in assessing the availability of hydro power potential and site selection. A session had been arranged for the participants to get hands on experience on using those equipment. Salient features discussed
• Surveying and mapping • Conventional surveying equipment • Modern surveying equipment • Global positioning system • GPS applications • Robotics • Benefits of robotic total station
16th Sep, 2014
–
Lecture: Application of RS and GIS for SHP planning. Salient features discussed.
• GIS data • Layers of information • Measuring parallels • Latitudes & Longitudes • GIS global positioning systems • Aerial photography • Remote sensing
Lecture: Selection of Hydro turbines for SHP. Salient features discussed.
• Classification • Components • Typical plant cost • Classification of turbines • Factors governing selection of turbines
Lecture: Investigation and site selection Salient features discussed.
• Types of schemes • Determination of head • Head determination methodologies • Flow measurement methods • Geological investigations of hydro power project
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Lecture: Flow duration and installed capacity. Salient features discussed.
• A case study to evaluate the potential of a hydro site and selection of a site using the geographical map (contour map) was done in the class.
Lecture: Water mills for multipurpose applications (Pico hydro) Salient features discussed.
Fig 2. Use of a water mill for grain grinding
• Use of low head pico hydro plants for multi-purpose applications specially in remote areas where national grid is not available, to operate as standalone systems in India
Watermill arrangement used for grain grinding is demonstrated at AHEC laboratory fig2.
Fig 3. Use of Induction motors
as generators
Application of low head turbine which is extensively used in standalone / off grid operation for obtaining mechanical power and electrical power was demonstration in the lab. Mechanical power is used during the day time for gain grinding, extracting oil etc. During the night turbine is coupled to a generator for supplying electricity village houses. This arrangement is widely used in remote village areas in India for harnessing hydro potential where national grid is not reachable. Induction motors are used as generator fig 3.
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Fig 4. During a practical session at the
Turbine testing laboratory 17th Sep, 2014Lecture: Simulation of SHP
–
Salient features discussed.
• Basics of modeling and simulation • Types of simulators • Benefit of SHP personnel training • Draw backs with conventional training
Fig 5. View of SHP simulator center
Lecture: Load forecasting
• Attention was focused on assessing the load; load surveying considering the annual load factor and the load demand. Few case studies were demonstrated.
Lecture: Design of civil works
• Discussed the methodology of designing various civil structures based on the location topography of the site and the discharge.
Lecture: Simulator Hands on experience.
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Fig 6. Simulation of SHP
Practical session was held at the AHEC simulation center on operation of SHP plants. Training facilities for training operators and Engineers who work at SHP’s are available at this center. With the request of owners and developers training programs are arranged by AHEC.
On the same day a visit to the Irrigation Research Institute (IRI) workshop where fabrication of steel penstocks are done were arranged. Participant could get a idea on how steel sheets are rolled and welded to make the penstock sections using heavy machinery. Fig 7 shows rolling and welding a steel sheet to form a penstock section.
Fig 7. Fabrication of steel penstock at the IRI workshop
18th Sep, 2014
–
Field visit to see existing small hydro plants in Haridwal in Uttarakhand (Belka Power Station) and Himachal Pradesh (Manal Power Station). During this field visit three hydro power stations; one with high head driven by a pelton runner and two other plants implemented on low head irrigation channels were visited .
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Fig 8. Spill way of Belka Power station
Belka is a low head (5.2m) with a 4000 cusec discharge power station installed in a irrigation chanal which comprises of 02 horizontal type Kaplan turbines, and has a generating capacity of 3MW (2 x 1.5 MW). See technical details Annex 1
.
Fig 9. Participants during the field visit to Belka Power Station
Visit to Manal power station: Manal power station is located around 35 km away from Paonta Sahib (nearest town), in Simour district of Himachal Pradesh. This is a run of river type power station which has a generating capacity of 1.5 MW. (technical details Annex 2
).
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Fig 10. Inside view of a Manal Power station
Fig 11 Sri Lankan participants during the field visit 19th Sep, 2014
–
Lecture: Hydro Electric Generators and Excitation systems. Salient features discussed.
• Generation of Electricity • AC Generators • Synchronous Generators (SG) • Constructional Details of SG • Inside View of SG
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• Rotor of SG • Operating Principle of SG • Rotor Speed and Frequency of SG • Induced EMF in A 4 pole SG • Excitation system for SG • DC Excitation system • Field Controlled AC Excitation system • Controlled Rectifier AC Excitation system • Rotating Rectifier AC Excitation system (Brushless) • Static Excitation system • Induction Generator (IG) • Torque-Speed Characteristic of an Induction Machine • Constructional Details of IG • Operation of IG • Self Excited Induction Generator (SEIG) • SEIG With Star Connected Capacitors • SEIG With Delta Connected Capacitors • GRID Connected IG • Flow of Power In an IG • Comparison Between SG and IG • Selection of the Generator • IG in Parallel with SG • Voltage Levels • Runaway Speed
Lecture: Power Evaluation Salient features discussed.
• Switchyard/Substations • Basics of Transmission system • System Studies • Activities of Power Evacuation System • Details of works to be carried out to construct an evacuation of Power system from any
small Hydropower project • Construction of Transmission line consisting following activities • Transmission and distribution systems • For 11kV and L.T. lines, the maximum kW –km at permissible voltage regulations are
tabulated below at 0.8 P.F. • Recommended size of fuses • Rating for drop-out fuses • Approximate Span and Sag of Supports of Transmission Lines
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• Clearance from Ground-Clearance • Clearance from Building • The maximum width of right of way for the transmission lines on forest land shall be as
follow • Voltage (KV) Minimum clearance between conductors and trees (m.) • Transmission Voltage • Weight of the Conductor • Efficiency of the Line
Site visit to AHEC Laboratory Visited Hydro mechanical turbine laboratory where different types of turbine runners and test rigs are demonstrated.
Fig 13. During a Practical session at the Hydro mechanical Laboratory
Visit to Hydro turbine testing laboratory. Visited turbine testing laboratory which has the facilities to test runner models (high head and low head) up to diameter 350 mm. Developers and manufacturers have to get a test certificate from NHEC IIT before implementing their project. This laboratory is scheduled to be commissioned in December 2014.
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Fig 14. Inside AHEC Turbine Testing Laboratory 20th Sep, 2014
–
Lecture: O & M of SHP plants Salient features discussed.
• O & M Objectives • Operation Management • Maintenance Management • Technical Guidance on O&M of Small Hydro • Problems Associated with SHP Operation • Philosophy of Operation • Plant Performance Indicators • Plant Maintenance • Routing Maintenance Planning • Annual/ Quarterly Maintenance Planning • Prepare for Return of Shut Down and Clearing Plan/ Time • Essential of Efficient Hydro Power Plant Operation & Maintenance • Advantages of Staff Training • Area of Training • Operation Manual • Safety Related Issues
Lecture: SHP program government perspective. Salient features discussed
• Energy in India • Renewable Energy in India • Renewable Energy Programs • Renewable Energy ahead
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Lecture: Livelihood activities through SHP Salient features discussed.
• Attractiveness of Micro Hydro Power • Existing Micro/Mini Hydro Power Stations in Uttarakhand (India) Along with Livelihood
activities • Livelihood activities Chamoli and Bageshwar District • Details Micro/Mini Hydro Power Stations in Uttarakhand (India) • Income Generation Resources with Livelihood activities • Livelihood activities in Villages Using Electricity from Existing Micro Hydro Power
Stations • Irrigation System in Meri Village • Biomass Briquette Unit • Biomass Briquette Plant at Milkhet Kheta in Chamoli District • Ropeway from Saran to Dobar/Meeri in Bageshwar District
Field Visit to Low Head Power Plants at Bahadrawad Lecture on Ultra low head turbines and usage in India for power generation as well as obtaining mechanical power for grain grinding, oil extraction etc. Lot of potential is available in irrigation channels for installing ultra low head turbines. At the field visit an ultra low head power plant installed in an irrigation channel in Bahadrabad, Distric Haridwar (Uttarakhand) was inspected. One main advantage project is absence of the cost on construction of additional civil structures. Existing facility can be used to install the turbine generator set as shown in fig 12. .
Fig 12. Ultra low head turbine generator set installed at an Irrigation canal in Bahadrabad,Haridwal
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AHEC, IIT has collaborated with United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) for developing a special design appropriate for the existing irrigation channels in India. In future they hope to manufacture it in India itself with an improved design which enhances the efficiency at a lower cost.(approximately within 40-50% of the original design). Total capacity of the generators installed is 10 KW (2 X 5 KW) see the technical details Annex 3Visit to Pathri Power Station:
.
Pathri power station is located on Ganga Canal at Bahadrawad near Roorkee which comprises of installed capacity of 20.1 MW (3 X 6.8 MW). This is a low head 9.82 m type plant with vertical Kaplan turbines. (See Technical details Annex 4
).
22th Sep, 2014
–
Lecture: Hydro mechanical equipment Salient features discussed.
• Gates and Valves • Difference between Gates and valves • Valves, Gates & Trash Racks • Installation of Valves in Water passage way • Selection of Types of Valves • Description of Valves • Use of Hydraulic Gate • Types and Classification of Hydraulic Gate • Essential Features of a Gates • Structural details / Parts of Vertical lift gates • Structural details / Parts of Ring Follower Vertical lift gates • Structural details / Parts of Cylindrical lift gates • Structural details / Parts of High Pressure Slide gates • Structural details / Parts of Radial gates • Structural details / Parts of Shell type Hinged gates • Structural details / Parts of Draft Tube gates • Hoisting equipments is required for lifting of gate • Gate Seals • Materials for Gate Seals • Radial Gates • Gate Hoists • Intake Gates • Air Vent Tube • Trash Rack • Floating Debris Boom • Penstocks
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23th Sep, 2014
–
Lecture: Overview of SHP development Salient features discussed.
• People Without Electricity • Estimated Renewable Energy Share of Global Electricity Production • Electricity Demand by Region and Scenario (TWh) • World Electricity Demand by Sector and Generation in the New Policies Scenario (TWh) • Electricity Generation by Source and Scenario (TWh) • Global Potential status • Hydropower Generation • Renewable-Based Electricity Generation by Region in the New Policies Scenario • Vision for Hydropower IEA Roadmap • Renewable Energy Employment by Technology • All Countries are not Equal in Front of the Financing Challenge • Hydropower • LCOE for Utility and Off-Grid Power • Hydropower Development: Risk Sharing • History of SHP Development • Small Hydropower • Purpose of SHP • Global SHP Identified Potential and Installed Capacity (MW) • Total and Small Scale Hydropower Potential of South Asian Countries • Total and Small Scale Hydropower Potential in few African Countries and India • Hydro Potential Assessment is Required • IEA Guidelines for the development and management of hydropower projects • Hydrological Cycle • Power Potential & Energy Generation • Typology • SHP Definitions • Hydropower Classification • Efficiency of HP Station and equipment • Types of SHP schemes • Types of Hydropower • Why SHP In Developing Countries • Prospects for technology improvement and innovation • SHP and Environment • The Dark Side of Bottlenecks • Sustainability • Adoption for Sustainable Development
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Lecture: Community based decentralized Generation Salient features discussed.
• Uttarakhand @ a GLANCE • Details of Brief Profile of the Power Sector Institutions in Uttarakhand • Present Energy Demand And Supply • About UREDA • RE Potential in Uttarakahnd • Solar Policy of Uttarakhand • Status of Renewable Energy Programme • Solar Energy • Bio Energy • Wind Energy • Hydro Energy • UREDA Experience in Decentralized SHPs for Village Electrification • Small /Micro Hydro Power Programme by UREDA • Involvement of Village Energy Committees (VEC) for SHP • Implementation Strategy- Tripartite Agreement • Formation of Village Energy Committees • Roles and Responsibilities of Village Energy Committees (VEC) • Roles and Responsibilities of Alternate Hydro Energy Center (AHEC), IIT Roorkee -
Technical Support Agency • Roles and Responsibilities Uttarakhand Renewable Energy Development Agency
(UREDA) • Load calculation for SHP • Equipment Specification for SHP • Construction Programme • Operation of SHP by Trained Operator • Carbon Benefits on MHPs • Case study of “Ramgad MHP” in District Nainital • Ramgad Micro Hydel Project • Problem Faced at Initial Stage • Strategy Applied to Overcome the Problems • Other Strategies implemented in MHPs • Use of Surplus Power • Tariff fixed by Various VECs of other projects for different category of Consumers
In the afternoon session participant from different countries made their country presentation. 24th Sep, 2014Lecture: New Technology for SHP
–
Salient features discussed.
• Recent New Technology
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• Tide Rise and Fall Resources • Rise and Fall Tidal Plant • Mobile Hydro • Archimedes screw • Steam Diver • New Pelton Concept • Jokela Turbine • Vortex Turbine • New Orthogonal Turbine • Siphon Spillway • Installed Dams in the World • Serpent Sediment Sluicing System (S4) • Preparations for S4 Installation • Slotted Pipe Sediment Sluicer • Coanda Screen–General arrangement • How Coandas work • Benefits of coanda screen weir • Removable Roof for Power House • Required Research And Development Hydropower • Promoting Hydropower Development • Optimizing Water Resources for Multiple Uses • Integrating Renewable and Distributed Energy Technologies • Civil Engineering Works • Improvements in Hydropower - Not Considered Earlier
Lecture: Performance testing of Turbine and Generator Salient features discussed.
• Why Performance Testing is Required • What is Performance Testing • Scope of Performance Testing • Provisions Expected for Testing (as per Is/IEC 41) • Overall Inspection • Water Conducting System • Discharge Measurement • Measurement of Head • Pressure taps and connection • Free water level measurements (ISO 4373) • Performance Test of Generator • Sound, Vibration & Temperature Measurement • Case Study (pelton Turbine) • Unit Efficiency Test
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• Calculation of Efficiency • Efficiency Load Curve • Calculation of Weighted Efficiency
Lecture: Regulatory impact on SHP and Tariff Salient features discussed.
• Promotion of Generation from Non-conventional and Renewable Sources of Energy • Provisions in the Act and Policies • Policy & Programme of MNRE for SHP • Policy & Programme of MNRE • Government of Uttarakhand Policy for Harnessing renewable energy sources • Commission’s Approach • Tariff - general principles • Norms Specified for SHPs • CDM Benefits • Evacuation • Deemed Generation for SHPs • Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO) • Issues with RE • Stakeholders’ concerns • Renewables and Regulatory Issues • Regulatory Issues
In the afternoon session participant from different countries made their country presentation. See the Sri Lankan presentation at http://mahawelicomplex.lk/presentations.aspx
25th Sep, 2014
–
Case study
Lecture: SHP Planning and Layout Salient features discussed.
• Planning – SHP • Run-of-River SHP Sites • Canal Based SHP Sites • Dam Toe SHP Sites • Layouts • Typical Layout Run of River Scheme With under Water Conductor Shift from One Bank
to Other • Typical run of river scheme layout with short approach and long tail race channel
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• Typical run of river scheme layout with longer tunnel compared to river length for providing adequate cover over tunnel
• Typical run of river scheme layout having several bends in the tunnel alignment • Typical Longitudinal and Cross section of Tunnel • Typical Layout Cascade ROR Schemes with gaps between two schemes • Block Power Station • Twin Power Station • Pier Head Power Station • Submersible Power Station • Typical Layout for Run of River Development in River • Canal Falls • Irrigation Canal • Renovation and up rating • Cost Effective Diversion Intake in Himalayan SHP • Compactness • Conclusions: what’s about the FUTURE? • Standards/Manuals/Guidelines for Small Hydropower Development Proposed to be
prepared with following Titles under the sponsorship of Ministry of New & Renewable Energy, Govt. of India
Lecture: Financing of SHP Salient features discussed.
• Renewable Energy Revolution in India and the establishment of IREDA • IREDA: the Beginning • Operational Areas • Types of Schemes • Cumulative Performance (Overall) • Cumulative Performance (Hydro) • Basic Eligibility Criteria for Applicants • Approvals / Clearances (indicative) • Project Cost Components • Financing Norms • Loan Period • Typical Due Diligence of a Project Proposal • Standard Securities • IREDA’s Loan Process • Loan against Securitization of Future Cash Flows • International Assistance • Lenders / Donors Perception • International Recognition • Financial Support for New SHP Projects in Private, Co-operative & Joint Sector
22
• Financial Support for New SHP Projects in Government / State Sector • Financial Support for R&M of existing SHP Projects in Government / State Sector • Complete View of typical RoR SHP • View of Canal based SHP • View of Dam-Toe based SHP
Lecture: Roll of decision making Salient features discussed.
• Sardar Sarovar Dam-A Case • Project at a glance • Project specifications • Rehabilitation & Resettlement • The Three Gorges Project • Environmental and Other Concerns • Problems Related to DAM • Project Planning and Management • Activities in Project Planning • Activities in Management • Influencing Factors in project Management • Problems for setting Hydropower Plant • How to Handle Problems Related to Hydropower Plant • How to Decision Making Will Be Helpful • Different Perspectives • Effective Strategies • Inherent Personal Traps • Inherent System Traps • Seven Methods of Decision Making • Two Approaches of Decision Makings • Decision Makings Strategies • General Statement of a Problem to be Optimized • Sensitive Analysis • Steps in Systematic decision making • Simple operation cycle • Financial ratios and analysis • Important ratios to industry • The Decision-Making Process
26th Sep, 2014
Hands on Training on using topographical maps for resource assessment
–
Left Roorkee, India for Delhi in the afternoon of 26th Friday to Delhi.
23
27th Sep, 2014
Saturday and arrived in Colombo at 22.45 P.M. on 27th Saturday, 2014
- Left Delhi for Colombo in the afternoon of 27th
Fig 13. Sri Lankan participants at the Alternative Hydro Energy Center, IIT, Roorkee
Conclusion & Recommendations:
• IIT, AHEC has a gathered a vast knowledge and experience during the past 21 years on SHP related activities. They are assisting and already have developed guidelines and carryout various training programs for developers, operators and equipment manufacturers of SHP hydro power in India and in the region. As most of the conditions prevailing in Indian environment are similar to Sri Lanka, hence those innovative ideas and the guide lines developed can be easily adapted to our environment for the development of SHP in Sri Lanka.
• AHEC also is in the process of constructing and developing a Hydro Turbine Testing facility in order to establish, maintain standards and to guide lines to manufacturers of the turbine runners. As Sri Lanka is blessed with a good small hydro power potential, establishing this type of testing facility would help in the future to guide, motivate the developers and maintain standards.
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• Simulation center at the AHEC plays a major role in training the engineers and operators of SHP on the operational aspects of hydro plants. It is a well equipped laboratory which has the facility to train about 12 persons at a time which gives them real time on the job training and experience without affecting real operation and performance of the plant.
• In India there is distributed network of irrigation canal system where low head power stations have been in operation for electricity generation. In Sri Lanka we also have irrigation canals belong to irrigation department which has a considerable potential. This potential can be easily used for establishing power plants at economical way as no additional cost to be incurred on construction of civil structure.
• AHEC has developed a technology for manufacturing components for Pico hydro plants. Pico hydro plants are used in remote areas where national grid is not available. AHEC trains local manufacturers for manufacturing components for pico hydro plants. AHEC, IIT has collaborated with United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), Japan for developing a special design appropriate for the existing irrigation channels in India. This type of technology can be developed and adapted to Sri Lanka where hydro potential available in remote areas as Sri Lanka has not focused on this matter yet.
• The period of the training course (two weeks) is mostly appropriate. The content was relevant to the subject matter, but if the training was focused on practical aspects; designing, case studies etc, it would be much useful rather than attending to class room lectures. Food provided at the Training Officers mess is satisfactory and they tried their level best to cater our requirements. Accommodation facilities and their hospitality is very much appreciated and excellent.
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Appendices
- Appendix 1:
Salient Features of Belka Small Hydro Power House
S.No Belka
1 Location ¸. State: P.P. ¸¸¸.Dist: Saharanpur ¸¸¸. Vill.: Belka
2 Hydrology Design Discharge- 2200cusec Water Availability- inflow at Tajewala
3 Low head canal scheme Shape-: Trapezoidal notch type channel Size: B=45.18m, D=1.935m Capacity: 4000cusec
4 Power House Type: Surface Rated Head: 5.2m Installed capacity: 2x1500kw
5 Turbine Type: S-Type Horizontal Kaplan Speed: 162RPM Design: Voest Alpine Austria
6 Generator Type: Synchronous with brushes Capacity: 1667kVA Speed: 750RPM Generating Voltage: 3300V Excitation: Statics excitation Make: jyou
7 Governor Make: Voest Alpine Austria Type: Electro- hydraulic Operating Pressure: 80 bar Oil capacity: 800lit Type of oil: Servo system 68
8 Gear Box Make: @Walchand Nagar Industries Ltd, pune Ratio: 162/750 Type: of Oil: servo mesh SP 320 Cooling: Water & Oil
9 Power Transformer Make: Indian Transformer Ltd, Tamil Nadu Capacity: 2000KVA Ratio: 3300/33000V Current Ratio: 30/ 300A Vector Group: YD11
10 Aux. Transformer Make:Parrys Capacity: 250 KVA Voltage Ratio: 33000/415 Vector Group: DYN11
11 Excitation Transformer Capacity: 40KVA Voltage Ratio: 3300/145
26
12 SF6 Breaker Make: Capacity: 750MVA, 33KV
13 Battery System Make: Standard Capacity:200AH Volt per cell: 02V No. of cells: 55 per bank No. of Battery bank: 02 Type of charging: float/Boost
14 Crane Make: Vidut Ltd, Gurgaon Capacity: 10MT
15 33KV Line Feeder 1:Belka to kalsia Length: 1.5KM Feeder: Belka to Babail Length: 10KM
27
Appendix 2:
MANAL SHP STATION (2 X 1500kW)
SALIENT FEATURES OF 2x1500 Kw MANAL SHP STATION
28
SALIENT FEATURES OF 2x1500 Kw MANAL SHP STATION
A. General 1. Name of Power Station : MANAL HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT 2. Owner of Power Station : HIMALAYAN CREST POWER LTD.
A-60, okhla Industrial Area, Phase »», New Delhi- 110020
Tel: 011-26387738, fax:011-26385181
3. Location (Enclose location/ route map) • Nearest Town with Distance : Paonta Sahib, 35 kms. • District : Sirmour • State : Himachal Pradesh • Longitude : 770 36’ 35.67” at weir site, 30035.76”N at P.House • Latitude : 30035’35.67”N at weir site, 30035.76” N at P.House • Alitude : 608m near powerhouse
823m near diversion site
4. Nearest Guest- House/ Hotel : Yamuna Hotel, paonta sahib, 22 kms
with Address and Distance
5. Type of Power Station : Run of the River 6. Source of water : sheobara ka khala (tributary of Giri river which is major
tributary of Yamuna river) 7. Commissioning Date : 2 Units each of 1500 kw with
Capacities 8. Commissioning Date : April, 2005 (for
each unit)
B. Generating units
1. Turbine
• Type : Pelton wheel with 2 no. of Jets • vertical or horizontal : Horizontal shaft • Make : Boving Fouress Ltd, Banglore • Rated head : 201.35m • Rated Discharge : 0.8806 cumecs/ per Turbine • Rated power output : 1500 kw • Rated speed : 500 rpm • Speed increaser used : No • Flywheel provided : Yes
2. Generator
• Make : Mareilli Morori, Italy • Type : Synchronous • Rated speed : 500 rpm Synchronous • Generator ratings : 1500 kw, 0.8pf, 1875 kVA,50 Hz, 3.3 KV, Y • Designed overloading (%) : 15% • Run – away speed : 1000 rpm • Excitation system : Brushless • Exciter Rating : 40 volts, 9.5 Amps
3. Voltage Regulator
• Type : Analog electronic • Make : Mareilli Motori
29
• Response Time : 1 sec • Sensitivity :
4. Governor
• Type : Digital electronic • make : Allen Bradely • Response Time : • Sensitivity :
5. Main inlet valve
• Make : Fouress ltd • Type : Disc • Closing time : 60 sec
6. Guid vanes/wicket gated/ nozzles
• Number : 02 • Closing time : 15 sec
C. Water conductor system
1. Head- race Details : Power channel (1790x1390 mm)& 1890 m long.
2. Tail- race details : 2 units of size 1500 mm x 2000 mm combining to a unit of 2000 mm*2000 mm size
3. Designed Discharge (in cumecs) : 0.888 cumec for each unit
4. Maximum Head (in m) : 207.67 m, Minimum head (in m): 204.92m
5. Single intake or Individual intakes for
Machines : Single Intake
6. Number & Type of Intake Gates : One, Leaf Type
7. Common Penstock
• Length : 426 m • Diameter : 780 mm • Thickness : 8-10-12 mm • Material : IS 2002/ASTM A-285 Grade C
8. Individual/Unit penstocks • Length : 8 m • Diameter (inside) : 550 mm for 4940 mm after Y- piece & 500mm afterwards (for unit 1)
550 mm for 9455 mm after Y- piece & 500mm afterwards (for unit 2) • Thickness : 8 mm • Material : IS 2002/ASTM A-285 Grade C
9. Spilling Arrangement and Capacity : Spilling channel provided at RD 1681 m near Forebay and it is designed for rated capacity 1.777 m3/ s & checked for the case of overloading also.
30
Appendix 3:
IRI BAHADRABAD 10 kW MHP
BAHADRABAD, DISTRICT HARIDWAR (UTTARAKHAND)
By
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
Vienna, Austria
With
ALTERNATE HYDRO ENERGY CENTRE
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF THECHNOLOGY ROORKEE
ROORKEE – 247667, UTTARAKHAND
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1.0 GENERATING UNIT – SPECIFICATIONS
(a) Turbine :
Make : M/s Sea bell International Co. Japan Type : Vertical Cross flow Net Head : 1.4 m Out put : 2 units 7.5 kw each but guaranteed for 2x5=10 kw Speed : 90 rpm Discharge : 2.3 m3/ sec
(b) Permanent Magnet Motor (data provided as Induction motor):
Make : M/s Yaskawa Electric Corporation, Japan Out put : 7.5 kW of each unit
Speed : 1750 rpm Type : Permanent Magnet Motor Volts : 187 V, 3 - Ø Amp : 27.0 A Frequency : 87.5 Hz
Power Factor : 0.95 Amb Temp : 290C
Efficiency : 90.8% (C) Cotrol Panel :
Manufacturer : M/s Boom System Pvt. Ltd. Faridabad
2.0 POWER EVACUATION
The generated power is delivered to IRI Bahadrabad Street light, office area of campus and
connected with grid though 0.415 kV lines.
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Appendix 4:
PATHRI POWER STATION
LOCATION ON Ganga Canal at Bahadrabad near Roorkee
CAPACITY
(a) Presently installed :3x6.8 MW (b) Ultimate :20.1 MW
SOURCES OF WATER : Ganga Canal
RESERVOIRS : Not applicable
WATER CONDUCTOR SYSYEM
(A) Tunnels :Not applicable (B) Open Channels
(a) Total length :14 km (b) Bottom width : …. (c) Side slopes : …. (d) Slope of invert :…. (e) Lining :The channel is without lining
(C) Surge shafts :Not applicable (D) R.C.C. Duct :Not applicable (E) Penstocks :Open forebay
WATER TUBINES
(a) Number :3 (b) Type :Vertical Kaplan (c) Make :J.M. Voith, Germany (d) Ney head :9.82 m (e) Rated output of each unit :6.8 MW, 8000 kVA (f) Normal speed :125 rpm (g) Runaway speed :250 rpm
GENERATORS
(a) Number of units :3 (b) Make :Siemens, Germany (c) Year of installation :1955 (d) Voltage :11kV (e) Capacity :6800 kw (f) Current :450 Amps (g) Power factor :0/8 (h) Speed :125 rpm (i) Excitation system
Main exciter : 15 Volts, 320 Amps Pilot exciter : 110 Vots, 15 Amps
STEP-UP TRANSFORMERS (a) Number & Voltage ratio :11/66 3kv
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(b) Capacity :12 MVA, 3 phase
TRANSMISSION LNES
STATION PERFORMANCE (a) Peak load : …… (b) Units generated :886 M units
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Appendix 5:
LIST OF RESOURCE PERSONS Dr B K Bhatt Director/ Scientist- F Ministry Of New & Renewable Energy, Block No. 14, C.G.O. Complex, Lodi Road, New Delhi – 110003 Tel: 011- 24368901 (O) 26265396 (R) E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Mob: 9868886752 Shri A.K. Tyagi Chief Project Officer Uttaranchal Renewable Energy Development Agency (UREDA), Energy Park Campus, Industrial Area, Patel Nagar, Dehradun Tel: 0135-2521386; Mob9837071245 Email: [email protected]
Sri Deepak Pandey Director (Finace), Uttaranchal Electricity Regulatory Commission Dehradun Tel: 0135-2641113(O) 2762430 (R) Email : [email protected] Dr Praveen Saxena Director (SHP) Ministry Of New & Renewable Energy, Block No. 14, C.G.O Coplex, Lodi Road, New Delhi – 110003 Tel/Fax: 011-24362706 (D) PBX Ext. 2107 Mob: 9871119101 Email: [email protected] Shri K.P. Philip Sr. Manager (TS) Indian Renewable Development Agency (IREDA), India Habitat Centre East Court< Core- 4A, 1st Floor Lodhi Road, New Delhi – 110003 Tel: + (011)- 24682206-19 Mob: 09810165918, Fax:+91(011)-24682202 Email: [email protected]
Prof. Bireswar Majumdar Professor & Ex. Fead Department Of Power Engineering Jadavpur University (Salt Lake Campus) Block- LB, Sector-»»», Plot-8 Kolkata- 700098 Tel: (033)2335-5813<ext. 164 Fax: (033)2335-7254 Mob: 09433213671 Email:
Shri Pankaj Kulshrestha DGM, (Ganga Bhawan), Yamuna Colony, Uttarakhand Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited, Dehradun- 248001 Email: Mob: 09456590024
Shri AK Goel Managing Director, Aleo Manali Hydropower Pvt. Ltd, B 173 Sec 41, Noida 201 303 Mob: 09810642876 Fax: 0120-2578549 E-mail: [email protected];
Dr.Tarun K.Raghuvanshi Assit. Professor in Engineering Geology Department f Earthsciences School Of Earth and Planetary Sciences College Of Natural Sciences PO Box: 1176, Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Mob: +251-911875983; Tel:+251-116639547(R) E-mail: [email protected];
Prof. R.D.Garg.Ph.D. Geomatics Engg. Group Civil Engg.Deptt., IIT, Roorkee- 247 667] email: [email protected],[email protected] http://www.iitr.ernet.in/~CE/garg_fce
Dr Dinesh Kumar Professor, MIED,IIT Roorkee E-mail:
Shri N K Yadav Executive Engineering & Works Manager Govt. Irrigation workshop Irrigation Department, Roorkee-247667] Tel/Fax: 01332-273124; Mob:9412608030 Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Dr. Saurabh Biswas Assistant Profrssor Deptt. Of Electrical Power & Energy Engg. P.O. Bidholi Via-prem Nagar Dehrad un-248007 Mob:+91-7417536186 Fax: +91-135-2102549 E-mail: [email protected]
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Dr Arun Kumar Alternate Hydro Energy Centre, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee-247 667, Uttarakhand Phone: Off. (091 1332) 274254, 285821 Fax: (+91 1332) 273517, 273560 E-mail: [email protected]
Dr RP Saini AHEC,IIT Roorkee Roorkee-247 667 Tel: 01332-285213 (O), E-mail; [email protected] Dr MP Sharma AHEC, IT Roorkee Tel: 01332-285836 (O), 01332-285828 (R) Email: [email protected] Dr SK Singal AHEC,IIT Roorkee Roorkee-247 667 Tel: 01332-285167 (O),01332-273273 ® E-mail: [email protected] Dr. SN Singh AHEC, IIT Roorkee Roorkee- 247 667 Tel: 01332-285842(O), 01332-285831® Email: [email protected]
Mr MK Singhal AHEC, IIT Roorkee Roorkee-247 667 Tel: 01332-285165 (O), 01332-285191 (R) E-mail: [email protected] Dr. Dheeraj Kumar Khatod Asst. Professor AHEC,IIT Roorkee Tel: +91 1332 285690 Fax: +91 1332 273517 Email: [email protected] [email protected] Shri S.K. Tyagi Consultant AHEC, IIT Roorkee Email: [email protected]
