Relating Relating Pressure & Pressure & VolumeVolume

Relating Relating Pressure Pressure & & VolumeVolume

Relating Relating Pressure Pressure & & VolumeVolume

Relating Relating Pressure Pressure & & VolumeVolume

Boyle’s LawBoyle’s Law

Robert Boyle

1627 - 1691

Robert Boyle

1627 - 1691

Irish

InverseInverse relationship relationship

VolumeVolumePressurePressure

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If PressureIf Pressure of a gas is of a gas is INCREASEDINCREASED @ @ constant Temperatureconstant Temperature, , Then the Then the VolumeVolume of the gas of the gas DECREASESDECREASESBoyle’s LawBoyle’s Law

If Temperature is constant then the initial product of pressure and volume will = the final product of pressure and volume!

Meaning….

P1V

1

= P2V2

101.3 kPa

202.6 kPa

V= 2 L

V= 1 L

Initial Final

=

Units??

101.3 kPa1 atm760 mmHg

Pressure

VolumeLitersml

It doesn’t matter which of those units are used as long as they are the same on both sides!!

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Practice Problem

A balloon has an initial pressure of 1520 mmHg and a volume of 22.4 Liters. After Dallin lets go of the balloon it raises to an altitude where the pressure is 1 atm. What is the new volume of the balloon?

P1V

1

= P2V21520 mmHg

22.4 L

=x x V21 atm

Pressure units are different One must be converted!

P1V

1

= P2V21520 mmHg

22.4 L

=x x V21 atm

1520mmHg 1 atm 760

mmHG

= 2 atm

P1V

1

= P2V222.4 L

=x x V21 atm2 atm

1 atm1 atm

V2 = 44.8 L

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Charles’ LawCharles’ Law

Relating Relating Volume & Volume & TemperatureTemperature

Jacques

Charles 1746-1823 French

Charles’ LawCharles’ Law

VolumeVolume of a gas is of a gas is INCREASEDINCREASED @ @ constant Pressureconstant Pressure, , TemperatureTemperature is is INCREASEDINCREASED

DirectDirect relationship relationship

Temp.Temp.VolumeVolume

V1

T1

=V2

T2

Units??

Literml

Volume

TemperatureKelvi

nCo

It doesn’t matter which of those units are used as long as they are the same on both sides!!

Practice Problem

A balloon has an initial volume of 2 L and a temp. of 273 Kelvin. After Dallin lets go of the balloon it sits next to a light and the temp raises to 400 Kelvin.What is the new volume of the balloon?

Gay-Lusac’s LawGay-Lusac’s Law

Relating Relating Pressure Pressure & & TemperatureTemperature

PressurePressure of a gas is of a gas is INCREASEDINCREASED @ @ constant Volumeconstant Volume, , TemperatureTemperature is is INCREASEDINCREASEDGay-Lusac’s LawGay-Lusac’s Law

DirectDirect relationship relationship

Temp.Temp.PressurePressure

P1

T1

=P2

T2

Units??

kPa

atm

mmHg

Pressure

TemperatureKelvi

nCo

It doesn’t matter which of those units are used as long as they are the same on both sides!!

•If nothing is constant combine all three laws to form the combined gas law.

P1V

1

T1

=P2V2

T2

OR

P1V1

T2

=P2V2

T1