REHABILITATION

DEFINITION:

Economic recovery for those whose livelihood was affected by the project.(categorization of loss)

AIM:

To restore pre-project status as quickly as possible

ASSET

ACCUMULATION

0 yrs. 5 yrs 10 yrs.

Pre-move Re-establishementMove Recovery

STAGE

“Normal” TrajectoryTrajectory after resttlement but without rehabilitation

INCOME AND ASSET ACCUMULATION WITH AND WITHOUT

RESETTLEMENT AND REHABILITATION

Trajectory after resttlement with rehabilitation

INCOME GENERATION

1. THE SINGLE MOST COMPLEX PROBLEM

2. EVEN IN RURAL (AGARIAN) AREAS 30 -40% OF TJHE POPULATION MAY WORK IN CRAFTS & SERVICES

3. PEOPLE MUST WANT TO BE ENTREPRENEURS

4. MARKETS MUST EXIST

5. BEGIN EARLY; DO A NUMBER OF INITIATIVES

RESTORE INCOMES (REHABILITATION)

1. LAND - FOR - LAND

2. NON - AGRICULTURAL OPPORTUNITIES

LAND DEVELOPMENT

DEVELOP LAND BEFORE RESETTLING “OUSTEES”

EXAMPLES

1. CHINA: CITRUS PLANTATIONS ESTABLISHED 7-10 YEARS BEFORE MOVE

2. INDONESIA (TRANSMIGRATION): PLOTS PLANTED WITH BANANA & PAPAYA 6-8 MONTHS BEFORE MOVE

REHABILITATION OPTIONS

1. LOCAL PREFERENCE IN HIRING DURING CONSTRUCTION

2. LOCAL PREFERENCE IN HIRING CONTRACTORS FOR PLANT FUNCTIONS (LANDSCAPING, JANITORIAL SERVICES)

3. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONFOCUS ON LOCAL RESOURCES & DEMAND (CAGE AQUACULTURE; FOOD STUFFS)

4. INFORMAL SECTORLOCAL PRODUCTION, SERVICES

5. SMALL-FIRM EMPLOYMENT

6. GOVERNMENT PROGRAMSAGRICULTURETRAINING, CREDIT, MARKETING

LOCAL HIRING PREFERENCE

1. CONTRACTOR STUFF: * 10-20% OF WORKFORCE

2. 80-90% WORKFORCE: LOCAL * HIRE WITHIN 60 KM RADIUS * PLACE BY SKILL, APTITUDE * TRAIN ON-THE-JOB * PROVIDE LITERACY, NUMERACY PROGRAMS * PROMOTE FROM WITHIN

3. ADVANTAGES * CREATE SKILLED LOCAL LABOR * REDUCE INFLUEX OUTSIDE WORKERS * REDUCE PRESSURE ON LOCAL ECONOMY * REDUCE CULTURAL/ETHNIC TENSIONS * REDUCE ECONOMIC BUST AFTERWARDS

B. LONGER-TERM EMPLOYMENT2. DOMESTIC MARKETS

a. FISHERIES -- ICEO SHIPMENTS TO CITIES (GHANA)

b. LOCAL MARKET GOODS & SERVICES

• DIVERSE RANGE OF GOODS & SERVICESDEPENDS ON LEVEL OF REGIONAL ECONOMY

• DEMAND WILL BE LIMITED, SO FEW ADDITIONAL CRAFTSMEN REQUIRED

• TRAINING IMPLICATION: FEW PEOPLE FOR A LARGE NUMBER OF SKILLS

• MECHANICAL SKILLS OFTEN MOST USEFUL (MEXICO)

PISCICULTURE

1. ALL LOCAL EMPLOYMENT* FISHERMEN* SMOKERS* SELLERS/PEDLARS

2. TAKES ADVANTAGE OF NEW OPPORTUNITIES

3. ADVANTAGES:* NEAR-TERM* LITTLE OR NO TRAINING

NECESSARY* SMALL CREDIT PROGRAM* SUSTAINABLE

POSSIBLE NON-LAND EMPLOYMENT OPTIONS

LAND NON- LAND

IMMEDIATE FUTURE

SCHOOLSFARM NON-FARM

LIVESTOCKPOULTRY

DAIRYBEES

PISCICULTURE CRAFTS MARKETING TRANSPORT

FISHINGICE-MAKING

BASKETPOTTERY

IRONWORKCARPENTRY

WEAVINGRUGS

TAILORINGCOBBLERBAKING

SHOPSSTALLS

TRUCKSBUSES

• EXTENSION• INPUTS• CREDIT

•VOC TRAINING•CREDIT•MARKETS (DOMESTIC OR EXPORT)

• STOCK• CREDIT

• VEHICLE• MECH SKILLS

REHABILITATION OPPORTUNITIES BY ECONOMIC AREA

ECONOMIC AREA EMPLOYMENT EXAMPLE

LOCAL

REGIONAL

NATIONALINTERNATIONAL

LOW

LOW => MIDDLING

POTENTIALLYHIGH

SHOPS CRAFTS

REPAIRMENT

DAIRY, CHEESESMALL FACTORY

FISHERY

TOURIST CRAFTSRUGS

SPECIAL FURNITURE

HOW TO RESTORE INCOME-EARNING CAPACITY

1. PLAN CAREFULLY (INPUTS, TRAINING, CREDIT)

2. MAXIMIZE PARTICIPATION AND CHOICE

3. ACCESS NGO’S AND OTHER AGENCIES

4. BUDGET ADEQUATELY

CONSIDERATIONS IN PLANNINGREHABILITATION OPERATIONS

1. DYNAMISM OF AREAL ECONOMY(ISOLATED AREAS : FOCUS ON PLANT NEEDS)

2. PEOPLE’S EXPERIENCE, ABILITIES

3. USE CONTRACTS(DIRECT HIRING : A DOUBLE-EDGED SWORD)

4. ENLIST ASSISTANCE OF QUALIFIED AGENCIES(NGO’S; GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS)

5. EXTANT OF CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY --THE UNANSWERED QUESTION

NON-AGRICULTURAL SOLUTIONS

BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE -- ROADS, ELECTRICITY, SCHOOLS -- MUST BE IN PLACE”

A. SHORT - TERM EMPLOYMENT PROJECT CONSTRUCTION JOBS

B. LONGER-TERM EMPLOYMENT 1. INTERNATIONAL MARKETS

a. EXPORT GOODSe.g. RUGS (INDIA)b. TOURISM

Artisanal and Production*(by village or neighborhood; and in total)

No. producers forMarket

Ave. AnnualIncome

No. Producers forHome Consumption

BarberBasket MakerBicycle RepairBrewerButcherCarpenterCobblerGrinding MillHotelIronsmithJewelerLaundryMechanicPharmacyPotterRadio RepairRestaurantRope MakerShop( Sundries)TailorTea ShopWatch RepairWeaver

* The list of artisanal, craft and service occupations must be tailored to the actual mixthat exists in each place.

INCOME GENERATION SCHEMES

A. PROJECT CONSTRUCTION (TURKEY)

B. AGRICULTURE

* FISH CULTIVATION (INDONESIA)

C. NON-LAND

* SERVICES/ PRODUCTS FOR PLANT

* CONTRACTOR GROUPS

* INDIVIDUAL ENTERPRISES

* MICRO- ENTERPRISES

D. GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS

KEY POINTS

1. NOT ONE PERSON = ONE JOB

2. INCLUDE EVERYONE ELIGIBLE

3. BUILD ON LOCAL SKILLS & KNOWLEDGE

4. OPPORTUNITIES DEFINED BY LEVEL OF REGIONAL ECONOMY (TYPES)

5. DON’T FLOOD MARKET (NUMBER)