REGIONAL WORKSHOP – “SUSTAINABLE WATER AND SANITATION : BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES – “ 

POTENTIAL & CHALLENGES

Use of Advance Treatment Technology for

forYamuna Water

144 MLD WATER TREATMENT PLANT AT AGRA GUNDER JICA ASSISTED AGRA WATER SUPPLY SCHEME (ID-P185)

Presentation by :Sanjay Kumar GuleriaNJS ENGINEERS India Pvt Ltd. E 47 SAKET NEW DELHIE-47, SAKET, NEW DELHI <sguleria@njsei.com>

Overview :Overview :YamunaWater Characteristics

Major Issueswith Yamuna RawWater

Treated Water Requirement

Treatment Processes for 144 MLDWTP

Pilot Study ‐Pilot plant dataPilot Study ‐Pilot plant data

Future Population of Agra       Future Population of Agra       (Census of India 2001)

Persons

2,500,000

3,000,000

Persons

2,033,000

1,500,000

2,000,000Agra 2,909,000

1,260,000

1,000,000

2001 2006 2011 2016 2021 2026 2031 2036

Year

Water Demand (Agra)( g )

800,000

m3/day Raw water demand (No pipe rehabilitation)

600,000

700,000

Raw water demand (pipe rehabilitation)

Total Capacity (New plant +WWI+WWII) 510 MLD

400,000

500,000 Existing Plants (WWI+WWII) 366 MLD

200,000

300,000 Ganga Water340 MLD

0

100,000

,

02006 2011 2016 2021 2026 2031 2036

Year

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF GANGA & YAMUNA RIVER WATER QUALITYYAMUNA RIVER WATER QUALITY

Sl. No.

Particular Permissible Limit as per CPCB & BIS

Ganga Water at Mathura 

Yamuna River at Agra 

CPCB & BIS1 pH 6.5 – 8.5 8.75 7.1-8.282 Chloride 600 16 2643 Total Hardness 122 3564 Total Dissolved Solids 

(TDS)2,000 190 250-1420

5 Chlorine Demand - 1.00 23.506 DO >4.0 9.60 0-8.47 BOD <3.0 0.60 7-267 BOD <3.0 0.60 7 268 COD <10.0 5.10 27-839 TKN (Org N + NH3) - - 2.24-26.5

MPN  I d /   l <5 000 280 23 00010 MPN, Index/100 ml <5,000 280 23,000Note:- All parameters are in mg/l, except pH and MPN index (Data of Year 2005)

Major Issues with Raw Yamuna WaterMajor Issues with Raw Yamuna Water

Deteriorated Quality of Yamuna waterQ yNH3‐N as high as 40 TIMES against limit < 1 mg/lit.BOD as high as 12 TIMES against limit < 3 mg/lit.PRE‐CHLORINATON DEMAND as high as 134 mg/litPRE CHLORINATON DEMAND as high as 134 mg/lit.which is too high

Excessive chlorination is used to oxidize Ammonia Excessive chlorination is used to oxidize Ammonia which is carcinogenic (cause of Cancer)

Conventional treatment process not suitable toConventional treatment process not suitable toreduce BOD, NH3 and Nitrate from Yamuna rawwater.

Need for a Biological Treatment Process

40 Mi i

Typical Variation of BOD5  & Ammonia in Yamuna Raw Water 

152025303540

OD5 mg/L

MinimumMaximum

05105

BO

Month

Data source -Agra Jal Sansthan, Sikandra Plant

Ammonia to Chlorine Demand

140.00

160.00

100 00

120.00

g/L)

Actual Cl2 Demand

60 00

80.00

100.00

 Dem

and (m

g

40.00

60.00

Chlor

ine D

0.00

20.00

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Ammonia (mg/L)

Treated Water CharacteristicsTreated Water CharacteristicsParameters Units Design Values

Fl   t MLD 141Flow rate MLD 141

pH ‐ 7‐8.5

TN mg/L < 10

NH3 mg/L <2      for 95% timeBOD5 mg/L <2

Turbidity NTU ≤0.5Turbidity NTU ≤0.5

TSS mg/L <0.5

True Color Pt/Co Scale ≤ 5

T l C lif C / lTotal Coliform Counts/100ml 0.0

Total Virus Counts/100ml 0.0

Technology Alternatives

Process Options

Conventional Activated Sludge 

Other Criteria

Proven technologyConventional Activated Sludge Process 

Moving Bed Bio‐Reactor 

Proven technology

Reliability and sustainabilityMoving Bed Bio Reactor 

(MBBR)

Membrane Bio‐Reactor (MBR)

sustainability

Plant footprint

Reverse Osmosis Process (RO)Capital cost 

Operational cost 

144 MLD WATER TREATMENT PLANT AT AGRA

Major Processes and  its Use

144 MLD WATER TREATMENT PLANT AT AGRA

Ad  

Pre‐settlers To reduce TSS level in down stream processes

Fine Screens  To safeguard the downstream processesAdvance Treatment Process

Fine Screens  To safeguard the downstream processes

MBBR Biological Process To reduce Ammonia, Nitrate and BOD

M b  Membrane Filtration process To eliminate TSS, bacteria and virus

Sludge Sludge  Thickening  &  To recover water and to avoid waste S udge

Managementc e g &

dewatering Facility

o ecove wate a d to avo d wastesludge discharge into river

Operational C l

Plant Automation i  SCADA

Automatic  & precise operation of the lControl using SCADA plant

Plant Layout for 144 MLD WTP 

MBBR Reactor ConfigurationMBBR Reactor Configuration

Feed EthanolEffluent

Nitrification– reduction of

Nitrification – reduction of

De-nitrification –reduction of Nitrate

Nitrification– reduction of

Ammonia + BOD Ammonia + BOD Ammonia + BOD

Biomass Carriers

Material: HDPE (virgin or recycled)( g y )

Size: 10- 14 mm

Surface area: 500-1000 m²/m³ of carriers

Geometry: Highly open external surface

AquaWise BioMass Carrier

Tertiary Membrane CompetitionTertiary Membrane Competition

Memcor CP (USFilter)

Pall MicrozaNORIT Memcor CS (USFilter)(USFilter)

K hD / O ll KochHydranautics HydraCAP Trisep Spirasep

Dow / Omexell

Hollow Fiber Configurationsg

PressurizedImmersed

More difficult to remove solids from confined pressure vessels, 

Open tank configuration, loosely packed fibers for easier  p ,

tightly packed fibersUse higher pressures as membranes become fouled

y psolids removalLow pressure, vacuum‐driven operation 

Expensive pressure vessel required for each unit

Simpler scale‐up for larger systems

l f lRemoval of Bacterial Contaminants

Membrane Contaminant Removal

Na Ion

Giardia Lamblia &

Cryptosporidiu

.0.00037 microns m

3 to 5 microns

WaterVirus

1 micronHemoglobin0.007 microns

0.0002 microns

Reverse Osmosis

Nano Ultra Micro

0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1.0 10 100

Pore Diameter Pore Diameter -- micronsmicrons

Process Flow Diagram for Pilot Plant 100 m3/day)Process Flow Diagram for Pilot Plant 100 m3/day)

METHANOL+ETHANOL

Process Flow Diagram for Pilot Plant 100 m3/day)Process Flow Diagram for Pilot Plant 100 m3/day)

FINE SCREEN

PRE SETTLER (TUBE

METHANOL+ETHANOL DOSING SYSTEM

RAW YAMUNA WATER AEROBIC

REACTOR 1ANOXIC

REACTOR -3SCREEN (TUBE SETTLER)

REACTOR -1

AEROBIC REACTOR -2

REACTOR 3

AEROBIC REACTOR -4

Cl2 dosing

MEMBRANE FILTRATION

CHLORINE CONTACT TANK

TREATED WATER

Pilot Plant of 100 m3/day capacity

Pilot Plant Data for BOD reduction

Pilot Plant Test Results for BOD Reduction

Pilot Plant Data for NH4‐N reduction

Pilot Plant Test Results for BOD Reduction

Pilot Plant Data for TN reduction

There is solution to treatThere is solution to treat Polluted River Water

for

Drinking Purposes !!!!!

Thank You!

g p

Thank You!

Sanjay Kr Guleriaj y<sguleria@njsei.com>