Regional & Urban Policy Overview of EU Cohesion and Regional Policy to 2020 Creating the Regions of Tomorrow: Maximising Ireland’s Reform Opportunity

Regional & Urban PolicyRegional & Urban Policy

Overview of EU Cohesion and Regional Policy to

2020

Creating the Regions of Tomorrow:Maximising Ireland’s Reform Opportunity


Regional disparities increased

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 201365

70

75

80

85

90

95

100

105

110

115

120

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

100

105

110

115

120GDP per head Unemployment rateCoefficient of variation, 2000=100

Coefficient of variation of GDP per head, employment rate (15-64), unemployment rate, EU-27 NUTS 2 regions, 2000-2012

Source: Eurostat, DG REGIO calculations

Chapter 1


Economic disparities

• Crisis halted regional economic convergence

• National GDP projections show slow convergence post-crisis

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

Less developed Member StatesModerately developed Member StatesHighly developed Member States

Annual average change (%)

Growth of GDP per head in real terms, EU-28, 2001-2015

Source: Eurostat

Chapter 1


Chapter 1


Crisis in Dublin and Cork

GDP per head growth

Productivity growth

Employment per head growth

3.8 0.8 3.04.2 1.5 2.7

2000-2008Average annual growth in %

GDP per head growth

Productivity growth

Employment per head growth

-1.8 2.3 -4.11.1 5.0 -3.9

2008-2011Average annual growth in %


Chapter 1


Chapter 1


Chapter 1


Major roads1955-2030

Chapter 1



Chapter 1



Chapter 1



Chapter 1



Chapter 1



Chapter 1



Chapter 1


Regional competitiveness

• Boosting competitiveness requires more investments in innovation, entrepreneurship, education, digital and physical networks and more exports & FDI

Chapter 1


More developed

TransitionLess

developedEU-28

Employment rate population aged 20-64, 2013

72.0 65.1 61.1 68.3

% point change 2008 - 2013

-1.4 -2.9 -2.7 -1.9

% point change 2000 - 2008

4.1 4.6 2.4 3.7

Chapter 2



Chapter 2


EU

27

Ro

ma

nia

Bu

lga

ria

Cro

atia

Po

lan

d

Hu

ng

ary

Lith

ua

nia

Slo

vaki

a

Cyp

rus

Sp

ain

La

tvia

Fin

lan

d

Est

on

ia

Ire

lan

d

Po

rtu

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l

Gre

ece

Ita

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Cze

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ep

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Sw

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Un

ited

Kin

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De

nm

ark

Ge

rma

ny

Au

stri

a

Be

lgiu

m

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

At risk of poverty or exclusion and 2020 targets

Cities 2008

Towns and suburbs, Rural areas 2008

National target

% o

f p

op

ula

tio

n a

t ri

sk

of

po

ve

rty

or

ex

clu

sio

n

*BE, IE, AT, UK - 2011

Chapter 2


EU

27

Ro

ma

nia

Bu

lga

ria

Cro

atia

Po

lan

d

Hu

ng

ary

Lith

ua

nia

Slo

vaki

a

Cyp

rus

Sp

ain

La

tvia

Fin

lan

d

Est

on

ia

Ire

lan

d

Po

rtu

ga

l

Gre

ece

Ita

ly

Cze

ch R

ep

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lic

Slo

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ia

Sw

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en

Ma

lta

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urg

Fra

nce

Un

ited

Kin

gd

om

Ne

the

rla

nd

s

De

nm

ark

Ge

rma

ny

Au

stri

a

Be

lgiu

m

0

10

20

30

40

50

60


Cities 2012


National target

% o

f p

op

ula

tio

n a

t ri

sk

of

po

ve

rty

or

ex

clu

sio

n

*BE, IE, AT, UK - 2011

Chapter 2


EU

27

Ro

ma

nia

Bu

lga

ria

Cro

atia

Po

lan

d

Hu

ng

ary

Lith

ua

nia

Slo

vaki

a

Cyp

rus

Sp

ain

La

tvia

Fin

lan

d

Est

on

ia

Ire

lan

d

Po

rtu

ga

l

Gre

ece

Ita

ly

Cze

ch R

ep

ub

lic

Slo

ven

ia

Sw

ed

en

Ma

lta

Lu

xem

bo

urg

Fra

nce

Un

ited

Kin

gd

om

Ne

the

rla

nd

s

De

nm

ark

Ge

rma

ny

Au

stri

a

Be

lgiu

m

0

10

20

30

40

50

60


Cities 2012


Cities 2008


National target

% o

f p

op

ula

tio

n a

t ri

sk

of

po

ve

rty

or

ex

clu

sio

n

*BE, IE, AT, UK - 2011

Chapter 2



Land-use efficiency of cities

Built-up area per inhabitant, EU regions, 2012

sq. km per mn inhabitants

Urban regions

Inter-mediate regions

Rural regions

EU-28 97 230 368EU-15 94 221 372EU-13 126 260 362Source: JRC European Human Settlement Map and DG REGIO calculations

• Dwellings in cities are smaller and more vertical

• Offices are more vertical

• Energy use for transport, heating and cooling also lower in cities


Density drops away from the centre

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 150

100

200

300

400

0

100

200

300

400

Popula

tion p

er

square

km

Population density profile of selected mid-sized European capital cities, 2006

Distance from city centre (Km)Source: Batista e Silva, F. et al. (2012)

Wien

Lisbon

Bu-dapest

Brussels

Stockholm

Dublin Amsterdam

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Regional & Urban Policy Overview of EU Cohesion and Regional Policy to 2020 Creating the Regions of Tomorrow: Maximising Ireland’s Reform Opportunity