Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Ecchinococcus granulosusEcchinococcus granulosus

• Ecchinococcus granulosus also known as hydatid worm.

• Disease: Ecchinococcus (serious disease).

• Adult lives in intestine of dogs but never in human intestine.

• Definitive host: Dogs.

• Dead end host: Human.

• Intermediate host: sheep, cattle, horse, pigs.

• Infective stage: ova by fecal oral route.

• Diagnosis: – Tests involve antigen antibody reaction.

– X-RAY examination.

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Ecchinococcus granulosus stagesEcchinococcus granulosus stages

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Diphyllobotherium latumDiphyllobotherium latum

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

• knows as abroad fish tapeworm which can cause Diphylobotheriasis.

• Mode of infection: through consumption of raw or undercooked fish contain plerocercoid larva.

• Immature eggs are passed in feces of the mammal host (the definitive host).

• After ingestion by a suitable freshwater crustacean (intermediate host), the coracidia develop into procercoid larvae.

• Following ingestion of the crustacean by a suitable second intermediate host, the procercoid larvae are released from the crustacean and migrate into the fish's flesh where they develop into a plerocercoid larvae

• The plerocercoid larvae are the infective stage for the definitive host (including humans).

• Diagnosis:

– Stool analysis to finding typical eggs ( oval, yellow brown with operculum at one end) and segments.

Diphyllobotherium latum eggsDiphyllobotherium latum eggs

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Taenia sppTaenia spp..• Of the 32 recognized species of Taenia, only Taenia

solium and Taenia saginata are medically important.• Taenia saginata, which is also known as the "beef

tapeworm", though it also infects humans.• Taenia solium, which is known as the "pork tapeworm".

Like Taenia saginata humans serve as its primary host.• Both have mature, immature and gravid segments.

• Both have scolex provided with four cup- shaped suckers, but T. saginata has an unarmed scolex while T. solium has an armed scolex.

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Taenia spp. Taenia spp. ((Cont….)Cont….)

• In both species the infective stage is the cysticercus.• Cows are the intermediate host of T. saginata while pigs are the

intermediate host of T. solium. • Definitive host: Human.• Diagnosis:

– By finding gravid proglotid or eggs in stool.• Eggs present in stool less often are proglottids.

– Direct fecal smear.– Brine flotation technique.

• Taenia saginata and Taenia solium must be differentiated from each other by the following: Mature segment, gravid proglotid and adult worm.

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

ComparisonComparison

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Taenia EggTaenia Egg

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

We can’t use egg to differentiate b/w two spieces

Taenia scolexTaenia scolex

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Taenia saginata Taenia solium

Taenia mature segmentTaenia mature segment

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Taenia solium3 ovary lobes

Taenia saginata2 ovary lobes

Taenia Gravid ProglotidTaenia Gravid Proglotid

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Taenia soliumTaenia saginata

Taenia Adult wormTaenia Adult worm

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Taenia soliumTaenia saginata