Quotation vs. Paraphrase

12 Basic IQ Skills

IQ: FRAU

• Find• Retrieve• Analyze • Use This presentation is about the

USE of information in your academic work.

Why Should I Care?

• Christians value honesty

• Scholars value accuracy and receiving credit for their ideas

• So, the kind of work you do at Austin Seminary requires attention to how you use sources in your work

Living in a Tradition of Thought

• Many of My New Ideas build on the words of others

• In academic work, I explicitly note my dependence on the words and ideas of others

• Not to do so is plagiarism, an ethical violation

Plagiarism: A Bad Thing

• Plagiarism is the lack of explicit acknowledgement of the ideas or phrases of others

• Austin Seminary expects students to acknowledge dependence by using footnotes and appending bibliographies to academic work

Directly Quoting

• A direct quotation uses the exact words of another in unaltered form.

• Here’s a quote:– On a sultry day in July of the year

1505 a lonely traveler was trudging over a parched road on the outskirts of the Saxon village of Stotternheim.

Directly Quoting

By rule you must:

– Place these words in quotation marks in your paper

– Include a footnote documenting the source

– Add the source to the bibliography at the end of your paper

Directly Quoting

“On a sultry day in July of the year 1505 a lonely traveler was trudging over a parched road on the outskirts of the Saxon village of Stotternheim.”

Footnote: Roland H. Bainton, Here I Stand: A Life of Martin Luther (Nashville: Abingdon, 1950), 21.

In bibliography:Bainton, Roland H. Here I Stand: A Life of Martin Luther .

Nashville: Abingdon, 1950.

Directly Quoting

• In summary:– Use quotation marks– If the quote is 5 or more lines, make it

a block quote using Turabian 25.2.2– Create a footnote– Add the work cited to bibliography

Paraphrasing

• A paraphrase does not use the exact words of another

• A paraphrase, however, does make use of the ideas of another

• Austin Seminary expects you to acknowledge your indebtedness via appropriate footnotes and bibliography

Paraphrasing

Here’s a paraphrase:

– David Jensen argues on theological grounds that work is a fundamental human right, and that government policies should promote education that leads to employment.

Paraphrasing

•Therefore, by rule:– Do not use quotation marks.– Write a footnote:

David H. Jensen, Responsive Labor: A Theology of Work (Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2006), 105-106.

Paraphrasing

• In bibliography:

Jensen, David H. Responsive Labor: A Theology of Work. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2006.

Paraphrasing

• You must acknowledge your source, even when paraphrasing

• Do not use quotation marks

• Do use a footnote

• Do include the source document in your bibliography

Paraphrasing

• Good practice: paraphrases should sound like YOU interpreting the words of others

• Suggestion: Use direct quotes sparingly, or use a single long quote and then comment on it

• Honor the source in a footnote

Summary

• Copying of the words of others (quotations) and putting the ideas of others in your own words (paraphrases) require you to:

– Follow proper quoting rules– Use footnotes– Add cited source to bibliography

Questions?

libraryiq@austinseminary.edu