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Section No.: 0.0Revision No.:' 2Date: August 29, 1988Page: 1 of 5
QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PLAN
DELTA QUARRIES AND DISPOSAL, INC./STOTLER LANDFILL
RI/FS
JUNE 3, 1988
REVISED
AUGUST 29, 1988
Meiser & Earl, Inc.
Project Manager/QA Officer
USEPA
Project Officer
QA Officer ~ "
IIJ
Section No.: 0.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 2 of 5
INDIVIDUALS RECEIVING A COPY OF THE QAPP
Donna McCartney, Remedial Project Officer, USEPAJohn Scalera, QAO USEPAMike Krancer, Esq.Carl Everett, Esq.Heidi Smith, Project Manager, M&EEd Melser, M&EBob Hershey, M&E
Section No.: 0.0Revision No-. : 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 3 of 5
TABLE OF CONTENTS•
1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.0 PROJECT ORGANIZATION
3.0 QA OBJECTIVES AND CRITERIA
4.0 SAMPLING PROCEDURES
5.0 SAMPLE CUSTODY
6.0 CALIBRATION PROCEDURES AND FREQUENCY
7.0 ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
8.0 DATA REDUCTION, VALIDATION AND REPORTING
9.0 INTERNAL QUALITY CONTROL CHECKS
10.0 PERFORMANCE AND SYSTEM AUDITS
11.0 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
12.0 SPECIFIC SOP'S USED TO ASSESS DATA PRECISION,ACCURACY, REPRESENTATIVENESS AND COMPLETENESS
.0 CORRECTIVE ACTION
14.0 QA REPORTING PROCEDURES
APPENDICES
Section No.: 0.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 4 of 5
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
\BLE • ... PAGE
*-. DELTA RI/FS TASKS 5 of 10
2-1 LIST OF SUBCONTRACTORS . 2 of 10
2-2 SUBCONTRACTOR RESPONSIBILITIES 4 of 10
4-1 SUMMARY OF SAMPLING PROGRAM FOR THE DELTA SITE 3 of 7
7-1 QUALITY CONTROL PROTOCOLS FOR NON-TCL PARAMETERS 2 of 3
7-2 ANALYTICAL METHODS , 3 of 3
FIGURE
1-1 SITE LOCATION MAP _ . 3 of 10
2-1 PROJECT TEAM ORGANIZATION 3 of 10
^300246
Section No.: 0.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 5 of 5
LIST OF APPENDICES
A NUS LABORATORY'S QUALITY ASSURANCE
B NUS LABORATORY'S QA/QC PROGRAM
C RESUMES OF MEISER & EARL, INC'S. TECHNICAL STAFF
D RESUMES OF SUBCONTRACTORS
E METHODS OF ANALYSIS FOR GROSS ALPHA AND GROSS BETA AND ALPHA-EMITTING RADIUMISOTOPES
F ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION FOR LATERAL WASTE EXTENT GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY
G OPERATING AND CALIBRATION PROCEDURES
H NUS LSD PROCEDURES MANUAL .-..INORGANIC REQUIREMENTS FOR NON-HSC PARAMETERS
I NUS DETECTION LIMITS - ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
J NUS DATA REDUCTION, VALIDATION AND REPORTING
K DATA SUMMARY FORMS, DATA VALIDATION SUMMARY FORMS, DATA PACKAGE REPORTINGFORMS
L LANCY'S PROGRAM FOR CORRECTIVE ACTION
M BIOASSAY QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAM
N BIOASSAY RECORDS AND DATA REPORTING
0 CLP PRESERVATIVES AND HOLDING TIMES, AND COMPARISON OF.QC PROTOCOLS FOR GCAND GC/MS ANALYSES
Section No.: 1.0Revision No.: 2Date: August 29, 1988Page: 1 of 10
1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
1.1 Introduction
Meiser & Earl, Inc. (M&E) has been contracted by Delta Quarries and
Disposal, Inc. (Delta) to complete a Remedial Investigation and Feasibility
Study (RI/FS) at the Delta Quarries and Disposal, Inc./Stotler Landfill Site
(Delta Site) in Antis and Logan Townships, Blair County, Pennsylvania. The
schedule for completion of the Delta RI/FS is presented in the Delta Remedial
Investigation site Operations Plan (RISOP).
The field and analytical data generated during the RI will be the basis for
identifying and evaluating remedial measures as part of the FS. Therefore, the
quality of the data generated during the RI is crucial in ensuring the quality
of the FS remedial alternatives. In addition, the site-specific Quality
Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) is essential to ensure that data collected are
representative and legally defensible.
Quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) protocols must be instituted
Jiring field activities, office functions and laboratory analysis. The QAPP
will detail QA/QC procedures pertinent to these three areas. Field activities
requiring QA/QC include sampling, sample handling and documentation, daily site
logs, drilling and aquifer testing. Data validation, review and compilation,
and progress reports are office activities which require consistent QA/QC review
throughout the RI. Laboratory analyses and analytical reports require extensive
QA/QC as dictated by the Contract Laboratory Program (CLP). The Quality
Assurance Manual and QA/QC Program Summary for the Laboratory Services Division
Group of NUS Corporation are attached as Appendices A and B.
This QAPP and the RISOP compliment each other and should be used together
AR3002U8
Section No.: 1.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 2 of 10
throughout the Delta RI/FS. Much of the QA/QC protocols are detailed in the
RISOP and are referenced in the QAPP as such.
1-2 Objectives - - --
The two objectives of this RI/FS are to: 1) determine the nature and
extent of any threat to the public health or welfare or the environment caused
by any release or threatened release of hazardous substances, pollutants or
contaminants from the Delta Site, and 2) determine and evaluate alternatives for
remedial action, if any are necessary, to prevent, mitigate or otherwise respond
to or remedy any release or threatened release of hazardous substances,
pollutants or contaminants from the Delta Site. ' The first objective, as
described above, will be accomplished during the Remedial Investigation (RI)
and the second objective will be completed during the Feasibility Study (FS).
1.3 Site Background _......
The Delta Site includes a landfill about 57 acres in size (see Figure 1-1).
This landfill was originally operated from about 1964 to 1976 as two seperate
landfills, Stotler Landfill and Parshall Landfill. In 1976 the .operation of the
two landfills was combined and managed as the Stotler Landfill. Delta Quarries
and Disposal, Inc. purchased the Stotler Landfill in 1978 and operated it until
1985. A closure plan for the landfill is being completed in compliance with a
Consent Order and Agreement (COA) between Delta and the Pennsylvania Department
of Environmental Resources (PADER) dated November 1, 1984. As part of this COA,
a minimum 4-foot soil cover was placed over the entire landfill during the
Summer of 1987.
Meiser & Earl has been the hydrogeology consultant for the Delta Landfill
fift3002i*9
FIGURE /-/ Section No. 1.0SITE LOCATION MAP Revision No. .1
DELTA QUARRIES AND DISPOSAL/STOTLER LANDFILL***'*' June 3' 19fAnt is and Logon Townships Page: 3 of 1^
Altoona, PA
<APPROXIMATE FILL BOUNDARY!
From: U.S.G.S. 7 1/2' Bellwood.PAQuadrangle, PR 1972.
I 1512 W. COLLEGE AVE.SCALE: r—————I N
0 2OOO f«et
MEISER & EARL, INC. / HydrogeologiS
STATE COLLEGE, PA 16801
Section No.-: 1.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: A of 10
since January 1979. Since then, M&E has performed field investigations
including permit applications, ground-water monitoring and compliance tasks for
the PADER COA. Findings and observations of our investigations include the
following:
o Results of ground-water monitoring around the landfill
have shown volatile organic contamination (VOC's), in
particular In the area west of the site;
o Initial studies indicate that the main ground-water
flow directions are to the west toward the Little Juniata
River and to the northeast along bedrock strike and
o Surface erosion and sedimentation is being managed by
on-site surface-water diversions and sedimentation ponds.
A more comprehensive summary of analytical results of samples collected at
the Delta Site is found in the Delta Work Plan (WP) , Section II.
1 - 4 Scope . . _ . - - . -
The Work Plan comprises a scope of work designed to meet the objectives of
the RI/FS, stated earlier. The RI/FS is comprised of two phases to meet these
objectives: the remedial Investigation and the feasibility study. The WP scope
of work will address both the RI and the FS by completing 28 tasks (Table 1-1).
The RI tasks are grouped into three phases: Initial Activities, Site
Characterization and Post Screening Field Investigation. Therefore, Tasks 1
through 24 are part of the RI, Tasks 25 through 27 comprise the FS and Task 28
involves preparing the preliminary and final RI and FS reports.
4R30025I
Section No.; 1.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 5 of 10
TABLE 1-1
LIST OF TASKS
Task 1: Data Collection, Evaluation and ManagementTask 2: Initial Site.ReconnaissanceTask 3: Site Specific Health and Safety PlanTask 4: Remedial Investigation Site Operations PlanTask 5: Project ManagementTask 6: Topographic MappingTask 7: Rights of Entry and Other AuthorizationsTask 8: Community Relations SupportTask 9: Data Quality Objectives and Applicable or Relevant
and Appropriate RequirementsTask 10: Field SurveyTask 11: Well Inventory-Task 12: Soil Gas SurveyTask 13: Lateral and Vertical Extent of Waste SurveyTask 14: Soil InvestigationTask 15: Surface Water and Sediments SurveyTask 16: Aquatic and Terrestrial Life Studies and Wetlands DelineationTask 17: Hydrogeologic InvestigationTask 18: Ground-Water ModelingTask 19: Data ValidationTask 20: Field AuditTask 21: Risk AssessmentTask 22: Analysis and Evaluation of Remedial Investigation DataTask 23: Selection of Remedial Action Objectives and EvaluationTask 24: Identification of Potential Remedial MeasuresTask 25: Performance of Laboratory and Field Treatability StudiesTask 26: Evaluation of Remedial Alternatives —"ask 27: Conceptual Design of Selected Remedial Measureiask 28: Preparation of Preliminary and Final Remedial Investigation
and Feasibility Study Reports
5R300252
Section No.: 1.0Revision No,: 2Date; August 29, 1988Page: 6 of 10
A description of the sampling network design and rationale is presented in
the RISOP. The RISOP will address: 1) design of the overall monitoring
systems, 2) specific sampling types, locations and techniques, 3) justificaion
for the overall monitoring design, 4) parameters to be measured, 5) sample
matrices, 6) frequency of sample collection, and 7) sample collection
procedures.
1.5 Data Collection, Evaluation and Management
Data to be collected, evaluated and managed throughout the Delta RI/FS
includes the "existing data" and new data to be generated. For purposes of the
Delta RI/FS, "existing data" will include information currently held by M&E
since our involvement at the site in 1979 and any additional existing
information collected. "New data" will include all information generated as a
result of the Delta RI/FS mainly from field-related tasks. A distinction should
be made between "analytical data" and "other information" gathered. "Analytical
data" includes laboratory analyses from sampling episodes. Existing analytical
.-ta is comprised of ground-water analyses from episodes of monitoring Site and
residential wells. New analytical data to be generated during the Delta RI/FS
will include analytical results from ground-water, surface-water, soil and
sediment sampling episodes. "Other information" includes such items as geologic
logs, maps and cross sections, water-table maps, aerial photography, topographic
maps, etc. For purposes of this QAPP, "data" will generally refer to analytical
data only. Data usages are presented in more detail in the Delta Work Plan and
RISOP.
5R300253
Section No.: 1.0^Revision No. : 2Date: August 29, 1988Page: 7 of 10
1.5.1 Data/Information Collection - A collection of additional existing
data/information will be conducted to supplement background information
currently held by M&E. This data/information collection task primarily will
serve to fill in chronological data gaps. Meiser & Earl has extensive site
information and analytical results since our involvement at the Delta Site from
1979 to the present. Background information currently held by M&E has been
summarized in Section II - "Site Background", of the Delta RI/FS Work Plan. The
collection of "new" existing data/information will focus on activities prior to
1979. In particular, sources of new information may include:
o State and regional PADER and USEPA file data;
o County Planning Commissions and Township Municipal Authorities;
o Local residents and former employees of the Delta facility
knowledgeable about historic disposal of wastes;
o Local well drilling companies;
o Historical aerial photographs, and
* U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Soil Conservation Service.
The collection of existing data/information also will yield a summary of
previous response actions conducted by either Local, State, Federal or private
parties. This history of response actions and a summary of existing
data/information will be presented in the RI Report.
Collection of new data will be made during the Delta RI/FS, mainly during
field activities. This information will supplement existing information and
will provide additional data for site characterization. The media to be
sampled, the number of samples and sample types to be collected, plus the
analyses to be conducted are listed in Table 4-1. The quality assurance
Section No.: 1.0Revision No.: " 2Date: August 29, 1988
. . : Page: 8 of 10
objectives and criteria for the new data to be collected are discussed in
Section 3.0, Sampling procedures are presented in Section 4.0,
If a modification of the RI/FS Work Plan is needed based on the review of
these data, M&E will make a recommendation to USEPA for a revised scope of work.
1.5.2 Data Evaluation - Evaluation of existing data/information, in
particular analytical data, will follow procedures outlined in "Guidance on
Remedial Investigations Under CERCIA", EPA/540/G-85/002, June 1985. Existing
analytical data will be evaluated for validity, sufficiency and sensitivity. As
clarified at meetings with USEPA held December 3, 1987 and March 11, 1988, the
intended use of existing analytical data is only for the purposes of comparison
with the new analytical data to be generated. The abundant existing analytical
data will not be used exclusively to determine remedial actions since it was not
analyzed under CLP protocols and subsequently has not undergone scrutiny by
USEPA. Existing analytical data will, however, be qualitatively evaluated
according to the above-mentioned USEPA document guidances.
As part of the evaluation of existing data, the accumulated data will be
evaluated to identify any additional data gaps not addressed in the WP, QAPP and
RISOP. Additional data gaps will be discussed with USEPA and addressed
accordingly.
New data generated as part of the Delta RI/FS will be evaluated by
undergoing CLP validation procedures as described in Work Plan Task 19. In
addition, new data will be evaluated to determine whether it meets identified
data quality objectives (DQO's) (Work Plan Task 9, RISOP Section 5.0), and has
undergone quality assurance and quality controls (QA/QC's) as delineated in this
QAPP. New data also will be evaluated for its sufficiency in characterizing the
flft300255
Section No.: 1.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 9 of 10
nature and extent of contamination. This Is of particular interest when
evaluating whether additional sampling Is required and in Identifying possible
remedial measures.
1.5.3 Data Management - Data management must be conducted for two types of
information generated during the Delta RI/FS. The first type of Information to
ft managed will be the technical data such as existing and new analytical data
and other Site-related information. The technical data includes both Site
background data/Information and data/information generated by the RI/FS tasks.
The second type of Information to be managed is related to project
management, which Includes schedules, task cost estimates, project tracking
forms, and monthly progress reports. Project management is discussed further In
Work Plan Task 5.
Meiser & Earl will be processing and storing the existing and new
data/information throughout the RI/FS. Field measurements and observations will
be recorded in the field logbook. A carbon copy of the logbook pages will be
kept In the project file as part of the permanent record. Additional data-
processing methods, including sample identification and chain-of-custody
procedures, are discussed In RISOP Section 25.0.
Data storage and document control will be maintained at M&E throughout the
RI/FS project. Existing data/information gathered will be sorted, organized and
filed chronologically. A duplicate set of all existing and new analytical
results will be maintained. Newly-generated RI/FS data/information, however,
will be separated and distinguished from existing data/information. All
analytical and project management data pertinent to the Delta Site also will be
4R300256
Section No.; 1.0Revision No.. : 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 10 of 10
computerized for storage. Back-up computer discs of analytical and report-
related information will be made and stored in a separate location. All
reports, correspondence, phone call reports, subcontractor information and
project tracking forms will be kept in both a project file and a main file.
This duplication effort will protect the project data/information from
intentional or accidental destruction or damage. Section 8.0 details additional
QA/QC protocols related to data management. . . -
5R300257
Section No.: 2.0Revision No.: 2Date: August 29, 1988Page: 1 of 10
2.0 PROJECT ORGANIZATION
Meiser & Earl will act as the prime contractor for the Delta RI/FS and will
participate in all phases of the project. Resumes of M&E's technical staff are
presented in Appendix G. We have assembled a team of ten firms to provide the
variety of specialized services needed to complete the comprehensive
requirements of the RI/FS. These firms are subcontracted directly to M&E.
2.1 Subcontractors
Meiser & Earl has selected these subcontractors, listed on Table 2-1, on the
basis of: 1) their qualifications and experience and 2) their working
relationship with M&E established on previous projects. Our familiarity with
these companies, gained through project experience, enables us to better
coordinate their responsiblities and intergrate our expertise with theirs.
The "Project Team Organization", Figure 2-1, shows the various disciplines
of each subcontractor and their position with respect to the Field Investigation
and/or Data Evaluation portions of the Delta RI/FS. This Figure also depicts
the management structure of the three key personnel from Meiser & Earl: Heidi
Smith, Bob Hershey and Ed Meiser. The "Subcontractor Responsibilities", Table
2-2, summarizes the specific tasks that each of the ten firms will provide.
Health and safety training, as mandated by OSHA regulations (29 CFR Part
1910) for hazardous waste site activities will be required of all
subcontractors who have the potential to encounter hazardous waste. Meiser &
Earl provides this training to its employees.
A summary of our association with each of the subcontractors follows..
Resumes of the key personnel of each subcontractor are presented in Appendix D.
flR300258
TABLE 2-1 . ' Section No.: 2.0Revision No.: 2
MEISER & EARL, INC. Date: August 29, 1988LIST OF SUBCONTRACTORS Page: 2 of 10
Delta Quarries and Disposal/Stotler LandfillRI/FS
CKS Engineers, Inc. Associates NUS Corporation88 South Main Street ' 5350 Campbells Run RoadDoylestown, PA 18901 Pittsburgh, PA 15205215-340-0600 412-788-1080Mr. Joe Nolan, P.E. Ms. Peg Marple
Funk's Well Drilling Phoenix Safety Associates, Ltd.R.D. 2, Box 131 1220 Valley Forge RoadNewville, PA 17241 Suite 34717-776-3181 or 717-423-6688 Valley Forge, PA 19481Mr. Lester Funk 215-935-1770
.._ . _ _ _ _ Ms. Barb RaskobGeoTrans, Inc. _ . • _ = . - .200 Exchange Place tallamy, VanKuren, Gertis & AssociatesSuite A Legislative Route 17065Herndon, VA 22070 P.O. Box 197703-435-4400 Lanse, PA 16849Mr. Charles R. Faust 814-345-5607
Mr. James E. Panel, P.L.S.Lancy Environmental Services CompanyP.O. Box 419Pittsburgh, PA 15230-0419412-772-1218Mr. John Rltzert
Layne Geosciences1401 Pershing BoulevardReading, PA 19607215 775-9921Mr. David Raymes
Martin and Martin, Inc.149 East Queen StreetChambersburg, PA 17201717-264-6759Mr. Richard M. Bodner, P.E.
Mine Tech EngineersR.D. #4, Box 87Altoona, PA 16601814 946-4242Mr. Kent Sell
3H30G259
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flR30n?fi
Section No.: 2.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 5 of 10
CKS Engineers, Inc. (CKS) - Raymond Schiwall, P.E., President of CKS, first
worked with us in 1983 on a project in southcentral Pennsylvania involving
extensive ground-water contamination by trichloroethylene (TCE). Meiser &
Earl's role in evaluating the extent of contamination complemented Mr.
Schiwall's task of assessing recovery and treatment of the TCE pollution. Since
that time M&E has consulted with CKS on an as-needed basis. Mr. Schiwall's
credentials and experience in the area of waste-water control, specifically In
landfill leachate and hazardous waste treatment, are essential to completing the
Delta RI/FS. Other CKS engineers offer expertise in landfill leachate
collection and treatment, landfill gas collection and disposal, design of
treatment facilities and selection of mechanical components. Joe Nolan will be
the project manager from CKS for the Delta RI/FS.
Funk's Well Drilling (Funk's) - Les Funk, owner and operator of Funk's Well
Drilling (FWD), has worked with M&E on numerous drilling projects since 1983.
These jobs Include drilling and test pumping public water supply wells, drilling
and construction of specialized monitoring wells for landfills and hazardous
waste sites and test drilling for hydrogeologic investigations. Mr. Funk has
demonstrated skill and efficiency while drilling in the difficult conditions
offered by the cavernous limestones and weathered sandstones typical of the
bedrock geology of the Delta Site. Funk's Well Drilling prides themselves in
their modern drilling equipment and comprehensive related services and
innovative drilling techniques. Mr. Funk currently serves on the Safety Council
of the National Water Well Association (NWWA) and has been an active member of
NWWA since 1972.
flR300262
Section No.: 2.0Revision No-1 : 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 6 of 10
GeoTrans, Inc. (GeoTrans) - Meiser & Earl's association with GeoTrans began
in 1985, but our professional affiliation with Charlie Faust, Executive Vice
President, Jack Guswa, Vice President and several other key members of the firm
dates back to the late 1960's. Our project experience with GeoTrans includes
consultation regarding ground-water modeling and geophysical surveying at two
landfill sites. GeoTrans expertise in quantifying ground-water movement and
predicting contaminant migration.ranks among the very best in the field.
GeoTrans has extensive project experience in hazardous waste investigation6-, in
particular their application of ground-water modeling to the evaluation of
remedial alternatives. This work comprises numerous USEPA-directed hazardous
waste projects including RI/FS projects. Mr. Faust and Rich Rabold, Senior
Hydrologist, will be the project managers for the Delta RI/FS.
Lancy Environmental Services Company (Lancy) -"Meiser & Earl has worked
with Rich Mazinski, now serving as Manager of Sales and Marketing at Lancy,
since 1976 as a consultant in chemical analytical work. Prior to his position
with Lancy, Mr. Mazinski was the Manager of Marketing and Sales for NUS
Laboratory Services Group at NUS Corporation. Mr. Mazinski has offered the
highly qualified staff of Lancy to basically fill, three specialized slots in the
project team: 1) provide QA validation of analytical data; 2) conduct an
aquatic and terrestrial study and wetlands investigation, and 3) conduct a risk
assessment of the Site. Mr. John Ritzert, Manager of Technical Operations, will
be the project manager from Lancy for this project. We feel that Lancyrs
project experience and the resumes of their staff supports our confidence in
their ability to complete these tasks in the Delta RI/FS.
flR300263
Section No.: 2.0Revision No.: 2Date.- August 29, 1988Page: 7 of 10
Layne Geosciences (Layne) - Layne will be performing the borehole
geophysical work at the Delta Site. The project manager, David Raymes and his
partner Jim Mattern, will be the key personnel involved. Layne is capable of
providing full geophysical services as they relate to the environmental and
ground-water industries. As a division of Layne-Westem Co., Inc., Layne can
provide full turnkey drilling services, including large water supply development
systems to customized environmental geotechnical projects. Meiser & Earl feels
that Layne cannot only_perform the borehole geophysics, but has the experience
to interpret the results in a useful, site-related manner.
Martin and Martin, Inc. (M&M) - Richard M. Bodner, P.E., Partner and
Director of Engineering at M&M, has worked with M&E on sanitary landfill site
designs and hazardous waste site closures since 1976. Our professional..
affiliation with Mr. Bodner precedes that time. Of particular importance to the
Delta RI/FS is M&M's previous experience at the Delta Site. Mr. Bodner was
involved with the engineering design of the original Stotler Landfill permitted
by PADER in 1973. Since Delta's acquisition of the Site in 1978, Mr. Bodner has
worked with M&E on phasing out the landfill operation and Site closure. Martin
and Martin boasts an impressive record in the field of waste management and
their familiarity with the Site is unique.
Mine Tech Engineers (Mine Tech) - Meiser & Earl has teamed with Mine-Tech
Engineers for the design and installation of weirs at the Delta Site. Mine-Tech
has had extensive experience with the coal industryu and with watershed studies
installing weirs of various sizes and designs to evaluate hydrollc budgets and
characteristics. Most recently, Mine-Tech Installed a weir for M&E in Cambria
AR30026U
Section No.: 2.0Revision No.: 2Date: August 29, 1988Page: 8 of 10
County. We have found Mine-Tech's design and construction to be sturdy and
their service has been professional and timely. Kent Sell will be the project
manager for the design and construction of the weirs.
NUS Corporation (NUS) - NUS Laboratory Services Division, formerly Penn
Environmental Corporation (PEC), has provided analytical services for M&E since
our founding in 1976. Al Kupiak, formerly President of PEC and presently Vice
President and General Manager of the NUS Laboratory Services Group, has worked
with M&E as a special consultant on several occasions and is well-acquainted
with our firm. We have had an excellent working relationship with NUS over the
past years, relying not only on their expertise in analytical services, but also
on their consultation for interpreting data and recommending appropriate
sampling and preservation techniques. Peg Marple, Manager of Customer Services,
will be the project manager at NUS for this project. . As proven by their past
performance on USEPA-directed RI/FS projects, NUS is clearly qualified to handle
any of our laboratory analytical needs.
Phoenix Safety Associates, Ltd. (Phoenix) - Because,of the potential for
encountering hazardous situations at the Delta Site, and in response to OSHA
regulations (29 CFR Part 1910) under SARA, M&E has teamed up with Phoenix to
ensure worker safety during on-site activities. Meiser & Earl's Project
Manager, Heidi Smith, has worked with Phoenix on previous RI/FS projects. We
understand the need to provide competent and well-trained safety personnel at
the Delta Site and we feel that Phoenix has demonstrated their capabilities in
this capacity. Phoenix is a specialized firm with extensive experience in
health and safety-related services. In particular Phoenix has written Health
BR300265
Section No.: 2.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 9 of 10
and Safety Plans (HASP) and provided Site Safety Supervisors (SSS) for dozens of
Superfund sites. John Walsh will be the project manager from Phoenix for this
proj ect.
TVG & Associates (TVG) - Meiser & Earl has contracted with TVG since 1976
for the preparation of topographic maps for site studies. Their, services
include providing the aerial photography, establishing necessary ground control
and producing the detailed topographic map. The map used in recent site closure
activities with PADER at the Delta Site was prepared by TVG. We are satisfied
with the responsiveness of this firm to our mapping requirements and with the
accuracy of their products. The TVG contact for the Delta RI/FS will be James
Panel.
2.2 On-Site Personnel - During Delta RI/FS site operations the following
personnel will be on site. The responsibilities of the personnel are listed
below.
2.2.1 On-Site Coordinator (OSC) - The OSC, Bob Hershey, is responsible for
the overall management of site operations. Responsibilities include site health
and safety, emergency coordination, community relations, document coordination,
sample handling and packaging and sample transportation to the laboratory. The
OSC may designate other personnel to assist in any of the activities listed but
will maintain ultimate responsibility.
2-2.2 Quality Assurance Officer (QAO) - The QAO, Heidi Smith, is
responsible for coordinating all quality assurance activities such that complete
integration of the QAPP is achieved. The QAO is responsible for ensuring that
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field sampling personnel are briefed on the QAPP and site-specific or project-
specific QA/QC procedures. The QAO ensures that the QAPP objectives are met by
the laboratory and reviews the laboratory's QA/QC program to verify that it
meets M&E's QA/QC objectives. Upon receipt of analytical data from the
laboratory, the QAO will forward the data to Lancy Environmental Services
Company to complete the data validation.
2.2.3 Site Safety Supervisor (SSS) - The SSS is responsible for overseeing
the implementation of the Health and Safety Plan (HASP) and Contingency Plan
during site operations. This includes air monitoring, if required, personnel
decontamination, supervision of first aid treatment during emergencies and
ensuring compliance of field personnel with the HASP* Phoenix Safety
Associates, Ltd. will provide the SSS during field activities.
2.2.4 Sampling Team - The. sampling team is responsible for collecting
samples and field data according to the requirements of the QAPP and Remedial
Investigation Site Operations Plan (RISOP).
2.2.5 Drilling Supervisor - The drilling supervisor is responsible for
monitoring the progress of Funk's Well Drilling, documenting subsurface
conditions encountered during drilling, collecting samples and ensuring that the
construction and installation of monitoring wells is in accordance with the
RISOP. The drilling supervisor also will oversee any other drilling-related
activities such as pumping tests and slug tests. Meiser & Earl will provide
drilling supervision during the Delta RI/FS.
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3.0 QA OBJECTIVES AND CRITERIA
Both quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) play an integral part
in sampling and investigative programs such as the Delta RI/FS. The main
objective of this QAPP is to establish procedures for implementing the Delta
RI/FS. The QAPP will act as a guidance document to ensure that data generated
throughout the RI/FS are accurate, complete, meaningful, representative,
comparable, scientifically reliable and legally defensible. The intended data
usages for the Delta RI/FS field tasks are presented in the Delta Work Plan and
the RISOP. Newly-generated data will supplement existing site background
information. QA objectives and criteria are geared to meet the overall
objectives of the Delta project as stated in Section 1.2. As stated previously,
the QAPP and RISOP compliment each other and should be used together throughout
this project.
3.1 QA Objectives
The QA/QC objectives are to:
o Ensure that all measurements made are representative of
the media (air, water, soil, aquatic and terrestrial
life, etc.) and conditions being measured;
o Calculate and report data in units consistent with similar
data for purposes of comparability;
o Ensure that sample collection procedures are acceptable
and recognized;
o Be aware of and recognize deficiencies or errors which
may affect data quality;
o Monitor and ensure the proper handling of samples during
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and after collection, and document and maintain accurate
tracking of each sample, and
o Ensure that QA/QC protocols meet the site-specific and
task-specific data quality objectives (DQO's).
Three fundamental mechanisms will be employed to achieve these quality
goals: prevention, assessment, and correction. Descriptions of these
mechanisms are:
0 Prevention of errors through planning, documented
instructions and procedures and careful selection and
training of skilled, qualified personnel.
o Quality assessment through a program of audits and
surveillances to supplement continual .informal review.
0 Correction for prevention of recurrence of conditions
adverse to quality.
The QAPP has been prepared to meet these objective. This plan describes
the QA Program to be implemented and the quality control (QC) procedures to be
followed by M&E and its subcontractors during the course of the Delta RI/FS.
The QAPP describes the project organization structure and specifies the
procedures, documentation requirements, sample custody requirements, audit and
corrective action provisions, etc, to be applied to provide confidence that all
activities meet the intent of the requirements. The QAPP is prepared in
accordance with USEPA guidance as presented in "Interim Guidelines and
Specifications for Preparing Quality Assurance Project Plans", QAMS-005/80.
3.2 Analytical Quality Assurance Criteria for Data
QA criteria have been established for precision, accuracy,
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representativeness, comparability and completeness for each major measurement
parameter for the Delta RI/FS project. These objectives are presented in RISOP
Section 5.0 and are pertinent to both the analytical laboratory and field
procedures. Definitions for precision, accuracy, representativeness,
comparability, and completeness (PARCC) are as follows:
o Precision - A measure of the mutual agreement among individual
measurements of the same property, usually under prescribed similar
conditions. Precision is expressed in terms of the standard deviation.
Comparison of replicate values Is best expressed as the relative percent
difference (RPD). Various measures of precision exist depending upon
the "prescribed similar conditions".
| o Accuracy - The degree of agreement of a measurement (or an average of
replicate measurements), X, with an accepted reference or true value, T,
expressed as the difference between the two values, X-T. Accuracy is a
measure of the bias in a system.
o Representativeness - Expresses the degree to which data accurately and
precisely represent a characteristic of a population, parameter
variations at a sampling point, a process condition or an environmental
f concern.
o Comparability - Expresses the confidence with which one data set can bei' compared to another.i
o Completeness - A measure of the amount of valid data obtained from a
I measurement system compared to the amount that was expected to be
obtained under correct normal conditions.
I The minimum analytical sensitivity is dictated by protocols of the CLP. An
Section No.: 3.0Revision No.:• 2Date: August 29, 1988Page: 4 of 7
assessment of the sensivity requirements has been made and the desired QA/QC .
objectives are met by the CLP requirements.
The applicable methods of analysis necessary to comply with these
objectives are dictated by CLP protocols. Methods for gross alpha and gross
beta, and alpha-emitting radium isotopes are presented in Appendix E. The
objective of analyzing for gross alpha and gross beta is to screen for any
radiation present. Subsequent analyses may be deemed necessary based upon
levels found of these parameters.
3.3 ' Specific Routine Procedures Used to Assess Data Precision,Accuracy and Completeness . ; .
As part of the analytical QC program, NUS laboratory will apply precision
and accuracy criteria specified in the QAPP and CLP protocol for each parameter
that is analyzed. When the analysis of a sample set is completed, the QC data
generated are reviewed and evaluated to validate the data set. Review is based
on the following criteria which are applicable to VOC's, base neutral and acid
extractable organic compounds (including PCB's), and pesticides, metals and wet
chemistry.
o Reagant/Method Blank Evaluation - The .reagent and/or method blank
results are evaluated for high readings characteristic of background
contamination. If high blank values., are observed, laboratory glassware
and reagents are checked for contamination and the analysis of future
samples halted until the system can be brought under control. A high
background is defined as a background value sufficient to result in a
difference in the sample values, if not corrected, greater than or equal
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to the smallest significant digit know to be valid. A method blank
should contain no greater than two times the parameter detection limit
for most parameters.
o Equipment and Trip Blank Evaluation - Equipment and trip blank results
are evaluated for high readings similar to the reagent and/or method
blanks described above. If high equipment/trip blank readings are
encountered (i.e., a value sufficient to result in a difference in the
sample values, if not corrected, greater than or equal to the smallest
significant digit known to be valid), procedures for sample collection,
shipment, and laboratory analysis are reviewed. If both the reagent
and/or method blanks and the trip blanks exhibit significant background
contamination, the source of contamination is probably within the
laboratory. Ambient air in the laboratory and reagents should be ^^
checked as possible sources of contamination. High trip blank readings
may be due to contaminated sample bottles or cross contamination due to
sample leakage and poorly sealed sample containers.
No equipment blanks will be collected as part of the Delta RI/FS since all
sampling equipment will be either dedicated or disposable and replaced.
o Standard Calibration Curve Verification - The calibration curve or
midpoint calibration standard (check standard) is evaluated daily to
determine curve linearity through its full range and that sample values
are within the range defined by the low and high standards. If the
curve is not linear, sample values must be corrected for a nonlinear curve
to the standards. In addition, if average response factors are used to
calculate sample concentrations, these factors will be verified on a
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daily basis. Verification of calibration curves and response factors is
accomplished when the evaluated response for any parameter varies from
the calibrated response by Less than ranges specified.
o Duplicates Sample Analysis - Duplicate sample analysis is used to
determine the precision of the analytical method for the sample matrix.
The duplicate results are used to calculate the precision as defined by
the RPD. If the precision value exceeds the control limit, the sample
set must be reanalyzed for the parameter in question. Precision limits
are updated periodically following review of data. Values of precision
are specified in CLP protocol.
o Reference Sample Analysis - The results of reference sample analysis are
compared with the true values, and the percent recovery of the reference
sample is calculated. If correction is required (excessive or
inadequate percent recovery), the reference sample is reanalyzed to
demonstrate that the corrective action has been successful.
o Surrogate Standard Analyses - Surrogate standard determinations are
performed on all samples and blanks for GC/MS analyses. All samples and
blanks are fortified with surrogate spiking compounds before purging or
extraction to monitor preparation and analysis of samples. Recoveries
must meet criteria as specified in CLP protocol. If acceptance criteria
are not met, corrective action is taken to correct the problem and the
affected sample is reanalyzed. These criteria are applicable to only
VOC's and acid extractables/base neutrals.
o Matrix Spike Evaluation - The observed recovery of the spike versus
theoretical spike recovery is used to calculate accuracy as defined by
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the percent recovery. If the accuracy value exceeds the control limit
for the given parameter (as specified in CLP protocol) , the appropriate
laboratory personnel are notified and corrective action is taken before
the sample set is reanalyzed for the parameter in question.
3.4 Data Quality Objectives
Data quality objectives (DQO's) for the Delta RI/FS project, in particular,
field tests, are presented in the Delta RI/FS RISOP, Section 5.0, These DQO's
are established to ensure that environmental, health effects and treatibility
data will be of adequate quality and appropriate for the intended uses. The
DQO's are organized into three stages: Stage I - RI/FS Scoping Process, Stage
II - Identify Data Uses and Needs, and Stage III - Data Collection Program.
DQO's will be evaluated to identify data use, types, quality and quantity and
then will be refined to ensure that forseeable needs for environmental, health-
related and treatibility data are met for all Delta RI/FS tasks. DQO's for
specific field tasks are presented in Table 5-3 of the RISOP.
Section No.: 4.0Revision No.: : 2Date: August 29, 1988Page: 1 of 7
4.0 SAMPLING PROCEDURES
Quality assurance and quality control during field activities should be the
foremost concern during the Delta RI/FS. Preparation is the key toward proper
QA/QC in the field. Completion of sampling tasks is eased by planning (i.e.
scheduling), understanding sampling techniques and sample documentation
procedures, having the proper calibrated field equipment, coordinating the
sampling activities with the laboratory personnel and evaluating existing site
background information.
Site background information necessary to evaluate QA/QC protocols for the
Delta RI/FS project is addressed in Section 1.0 and in the Delta RI/FS Work Plan
Section II. Evaluation of existing analytical data and information also is
discussed in Section 1.0. The useability of existing data in relation to the
new Delta RI/FS data to be generated also is addressed in Section 1.0. Based
upon existing analytical data, the known analytes of interest are VOC's. The
indicator contaminants will be further defined based upon results of RI/FS
sampling and the risk assessment.
The media to be sampled during the Delta RI/FS include surface water,
ground water, sediment and soil, as described in Work Plan Tasks 14, 15 and
17. Air quality will be monitored daily during field activities. In addition,
benthic macroinvertebrates, fish and terrestrial life will be sampled during the
Aquatic and Terrestrial Life Studies and Wetlands Investigation task (Work Plan
Task 16).
Details of sampling procedures for these media are included in the RISOP.
Please refer to this document for specifics of sampling. The RISOP addresses:
sampling objectives, sample types, numbers, locations and frequency; rationale
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for site selection; sample collection methods; sampling devices and containers;
preservatives; holding times; reagents; transport and storage; preparation of
sampling equipment and containers; number of blanks, etc. A listing of CLP
preservatives and holding times is presented in Appendix 0. A summary of the
sampling program is presented in Table 4-1.
Details and the theory of electromagnetic induction to be used to determine
the lateral limit of waste are discussed in Appendix F.
Information regarding QA/QC protocols related to sample control and ,
management, record-keeping requirements and coordination with the laboratory are
presented in the following paragraphs.
4.1 Sample Control
The purpose of this section is to ensure QA/QC in sampling and analysis by
the use of field Control Samples. To successfully comply with this QA/QC
Program, it is essential that control samples of sufficient type and quantity
are collected during the Delta RI/FS.
Specifically, there are two control samples which include three types of
blanks: field blanks, trip blanks and equipment blanks; and duplicates or split
samples. As stated previously, equipment blanks will not be necessary during
this project. It is imperative that the control sample provide the desired
effect. Periodically, the Project Manager should document the control sample
data as well as specific observations delineating the effectiveness of the
control samples for each analytical method. These observations will include
rationale for each of" the following:
o Selection of the samples used for blanks or duplicates;
o Number of blanks and duplicates,
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TABLE 4-1SUMMARY OF THE SAMPLING PROGRAM FOR THE DELTA SITE
SAMPLE DESCRIPTION ' , SAMPLES SUBMITTED FOR ANALYSISNUMBER BLANKS ANALYSIS*
TRIP EQUIPMENT FIELD
Soil 8 1 TCL/TAL
Surface Water - 1 - 1 TCL/TAL,C,E
West Flow 1 ... TCL/TAL, C,E
F A M Spring 1 - ' - » - - - - - TCL/TAL,C,E
Western Wetland 3 - :- - TCL/TAL,C,E
Eastern Wetland 2 . . . TCL/TAL,C,E
Tributary to Sandy Run 1 . . - . . - . , , TCL/TAL,C,E
Shawley Pond 1 - =-: - TCL/TAL,C,E
Sandy Run 2 - - - TCL/TAL,C,E
Little Juniata River 3 ... TCL/TAL,C,E
Sediment (same locations 14 1 . - - TCL/TAL,Das surface water)
Ground WaterExisting Monitoring Wells 5 1 - 1 TCL/TAL,A&B, C
Residential Wells 16 1 - 1 TCL/TAL,A&B,C
Proposed Monitoring Wells 14 - 1 - 1 TCL/TAL,A&B,C
Pumping Tests 8 __ 1 __i__ - ..- F
TOTAL 79 7 - 4
Analysis Breakdown:80 samples to be analyzed for the TCL and TAL41 samples to be analyzed for A&B57 samples to be analyzed for C15 samples to be analyzed for D16 samples to be analyzed for E9 samples to be analyzed for F
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Section No.: 4.0Revision No,: 2
TABLE 4-1 CONTINUED - Date: August 29Page: 3a of 7
^Analysis Key:TCL - Target Compound ListTAL - Target Analyse ListA&B - Gross Alpha and BetaC - Dissolved oxygen**, pH**, temperature**, specific
conductance**, Eh**, hardness, alkalinityD - Grain size, percent moisture, total organic carbon (TOC), Eh, pHE - BOD, COD, total solids, dissolved solids, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate
nitrogenF - VOC's
** To be analyzed in the field.
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o Descriptions of the method of control sample collection.
Correct usage for each type of control sample is discussed in the following
paragraphs.
4.1.1 Field control - These control samples are those introduced into the
train of actual samples as a monitor on the performance of the sampling
procedures and the analytical system. A control sample may consist of a
standard or natural matrix. Blanks can provide an indication of positive
interferences introduced in the field and in the laboratory. They will not
provide information on matrix effects, accuracy, precision or natural
background. Matrices to be used for control blanks must be determined to be
free of contamination prior to use.
Field blanks are used to check for contaminant introduction due to: 1)
interaction between the sample and the container, 2) a handling procedure which
alters the sample analysis results or 3) ambient air contamination. A field
blank is created by filling a designated sample container with
distilled/deionized water. The field blank should not be labelled as such so
that it remains obscure from the other samples when being analyzed. The field
blank should be transported to the sampling location, and returned to the
laboratory in a manner identical to the handling procedures used for all
samples. These blanks should be subjected to the same analyses. Blanks will be
collected during the Delta project to provide quality control during sampling
(see Table 4-1). For definitions of field blanks, refer to Section 13.0 of the
RISOP.
Duplicates or splits of field samples will be collected by USEPA's
oversight contractor, Geoscience Consultants, Ltd. At this writing, the number
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and at which sampling locations samples will be collected are unknown. Also
unknown is the CLP laboratory who will be analyzing these splits. The split
samples will be duplicates of samples collected by M&E in the field. These
splits will act as control samples to check laboratory performance.
4.1.2 Trip and equipment blanks - These blanks are collected following
procedures outlined in the USEPA RCRA Ground-Water Monitoring Technical
Enforcement Guidance Document, September 1986. Collection specifications are as
follow:
Trip Blanks are collected to monitor conditions in transport and handling
from the laboratory to the field and back to the laboratory. A trip blank is
filled at the laboratory with Type II reagent-grade water, transported to the
site, handled like a sample and returned to the laboratory for analysis. One
trip blank per sampling event is recommended (Table 4-1).
Equipment Blanks are collected to ensure that the non-dedicated sampling
device has been effectively cleaned in the field. The sampling equipment is
filled with Type II reagent-grade water or Type II reagent-grade water is pumped
through the device. This water is transferred to sample bottles, and returned to
the laboratory for analysis. A minimum of one equipment blank for each day that
ground-water monitoring wells are sampled is recommended. As previously stated,
equipment blanks will not be collected during the Delta Project since disposable
and dedicated sampling equipment will be used.
The results of the analysis of the control samples should not be used to
correct the ground-water data. If contaminants are found in the blanks, the
sources of the contamination should be identified and corrective action,
including resampling, should be initiated.
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4.2 Sample Management
The management of samples, up through the point of transferring the samples
to the laboratory, will be under the supervision of the On-Site Coordinator
(OSC). Responsibilities of the OSC are as follow:
o The OSC under guidance from the Project Manager, will ensure that
samples are being labeled, preserved, stored and transported according
to the prescribed methods (see Section 25.0 of the RISOP);
o If the OSC determines that significant deviations from the sampling
protocol have occurred, resulting in a suspected compromise of the
sample integrity, the Project Manager will be informed and all samples
taken during that sampling run prior to correction of the procedure will
be discarded and fresh samples taken;
o The OSC will introduce control samples (field blanks) into the sample
flow in an inconspicuous fashion. A random introduction of control
samples should be accomplished during the logging-in process without
leaving such clues as a sudden perturbation in the sequence of
laboratory numbers.
o The OSC will assign M&E identification numbers to all samples.
The identification numbers will be sequential and will be maintained
in the bound field logbook to associate the number with the sample.
Record-keeping requirements applicable to sampling activities include
mainaining a field logbook of all field activities, documenting custody and
transport of the samples and managing the data generated. Sample custody is
described in Section 25.0 of the RISOP and data management procedures are
detailed in the RISOP. Description of the field logbook is discussed below.
Section No. : 4.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 7 of 7
Maintenance of a site-specific field logbook is essential to document
accurate and precise field operations. Complete recording of all field
activities, including sampling activities, must be kept to document and defend
all daily activities. The field logbook should be bound and have consecutively
numbered duplicate pages. All daily activities including: personnel on site,
meetings, tasks completed, field data measurements and observations, weather
conditions and problems encountered should be recorded in waterproof ink. This
logbook acts as a permanent record of all site events. The on-site coordinator
(OSC) is responsible for maintaining and keeping the site log. A more complete
list of items to be recorded includes:
o Names of on-site personnel;
o Sample type and number;
o Sampling date and time;
o Weather conditions;
o Sampling location and identification number;
o Ground-water levels, when applicable;
o Brief description of drilling activities;
o Field measurements such as pH, specific conductance,water temperature, flow rate, etc., when applicable;
o Instrument calibration details;
o Documentation of site meetings;
o Photographs taken, including a schematic depicting where thepictures were taken and a coordinating numbering system and
o Sampling remarks and observations.
Specific items to be recorded during each field activity are detailed in
the RISOP.
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5.0 SAMPLE CUSTODY
A sample is in an individual's custody if: 1) it is in his or her actual
physical possession or 2) it is in view after being in physical possession, or
3) it was in physical possession and then locked up or sealed to prevent
tampering or 4) it is in a secured area. Evidentiary documentation will be
stored following USEPA Region III protocol. Sample custody also is addressed in
the RISOP.
Before leaving for the field, all team members involved in field sample
collection will familiarize themselves with the procedures specified in the QAPP
and with all unique sampling and chain-of-custody procedures to be employed
during the specific field operations. The Project Manager, Equipment Manager,
Site Safety Supervisor and Laboratory Sample Custodian should be consulted as
appropriate. The NUS Sample Custodian Is April Litterini who will be
responsible for tracking and logging. All sample containers will be obtained
from the laboratory properly cleaned and decontaminated.
All field personnel must verify the sampling methods to be employed during
sample collection by making proper reference to the QAPP and RISOP, Prior to
sampling, the field sampling team members must ensure that all sample containers
are in his/her physical possession or in his/her view at all times, or ensure
that the containers are stored in a locked place at all times, to maintain
proper custody. All sample gathering activities must be recorded in the field
logbook; all sample transfers must be documented on the chain-of-custody form
all samples are to be identified with sample labels and all sample bottles are
to be sealed with custody seals. Refer to the RISOP for an example of this form
and label. All information is to be recorded in waterproof ink. All M&E field
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personnel are personally responsible for sample collection and the care and
custody of collected samples until the samples are transferred to laboratory
personnel or properly dispatched.f
Chain-of-custody forms must be fully completed in duplicate, using black
carbon paper where possible, by the field technician who has been designated by
•the project manager as being responsible for sample shipment to the appropriate
laboratory for analysis. The information specified on the chain-of-custody form
will contain the same level of detail found in the field logbook, with the
exception that the on-site measurement data need not be recorded. The custody
form will Include, among other things, the following information: name of
person collecting the samples; date samples were collected; type of sampling
conducted (composite/grab); location of sampling station; number and type of
containers used and signature of the M&E person relinquishing samples to a non-
M&E person, such as a Federal Express agent, with the date and time of transfer
noted. Any required rapid turnaround times In the laboratory will be noted on
the chaln-of-custody form. The duplicate custody record will have the signature
of the relinquishing field technician and a statement Identifying the means of
transport, time and date. The duplicate custody record should be placed in a
plastic bag, taped to the underside of the Ice chest lid, and the ice chest
closed. The chest will be tightly bound with filament tape. At least two
custody seals are to be signed by the individual relinquishing custody and
affixed to the chest so that the chest cannot be opened without breaking them.
All samples taken In the field must be identified by using a sample label
attached to or affixed around the sample container. The sample label must
contain the project name; the date, time, and sampling location; designation of
Section No.: 5.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 3 of 3
the sample as a grab or composite; notation of the type of sample (e.g., ground-
water, soil, etc.); identification of preservatives used; any remarks and the
signature of the sampler. Sample information must be printed using waterproof
ink. Field identification should enable cross-referencing with the field
logbook.
Custody seals are preprinted, adhesive-backed seals with security slots
designed to break if they are disturbed. Individual sample bottles are sealed
over the cap. Sample shipping containers such as ice chest or cardboard boxes
are sealed in as many places as necessary to ensure security. Seals are signed
and dated before use. On receipt at the laboratory, the custodian will check
and certify, by completing logbook entries, that seals on ice chests are Intact.
Sample custody begins at the time of sampling. Field logbooks, chain-of-
custody forms, sample labels, and custody seals must all be completed in
accordance with procedures detailed above and in the RISOP.
Environmental and hazardous samples will be properly packaged, labelled
for shipment and dispatched to the laboratory for analysis as detailed in the
RISOP. United States Department of Transportation regulations concerning
shipment of hazardous materials are contained in 49 Code of Federal Regulations
(CFR) Parts 170-179. These requirements for shipping containers must be
followed.
Section No.: 6.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 1 of 3
6.0 CALIBRATION PROCEDURES AND FREQUENCY
The methods or procedures to assure that the field and laboratory equipment
are functioning optimally are presented as Appendix G.
6*1 Laboratory Equipment
The laboratory equipment will be maintained and calibrated in accordance
with NUS Laboratory Services Division (LSD) Procedure Manual, Section G5.0.
This manual includes details of the following:
o Frequency of calibration procedures;
o Use of equipment logbooks required to record usage, maintenance,
calibration and repair;
o Calibration standards to be used, with the appropriate source and
traceabillty procedures, and
o Calibration documentation requirements such as:
- Date of calibration;
- Identification of standards used;
- Personnel performing calibration, and
- Corrective actions taken.
6.2 Field Equipment
All equipment to be utilized during the field sampling must be examined to
certify that It Is in operating condition. This includes checking the
manufacturer's operating manuals to ensure that all maintenance items are being
observed. Field notes from previous sampling trips should be reviewed so that
any prior equipment problem notations are not overlooked and also to ensure that
all necessary repairs to equipment have been carried out.
Section No.: 6.0Revision Nq.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 2 of 5
Field meters to be used during sampling, specifically the pH and specific
conductance/thermistor meters, must be checked to insure proper calibration and
precision response. This activity is to be performed by M&E's Equipment
Manager. The preparation date of standard solutions must be clearly marked on
each of the containers to be taken into the field. A log for each meter must be
maintained during the RI/FS by M&E's Equipment Manager and OSC to document
problems experienced with the meter, corrective measures taken, battery
replacement dates, when used and by whom. Appropriate new batteries must be
kept with the meters to facilitate immediate replacement when necessary in the
field.
The pH meter must be calibrated twice each day using two different pH
buffer solutions according to the following procedures. Rinse the probe
thoroughly between buffer measurements with distilled/deionized water and again
after calibration is completed. Record in the field logbook what buffer
solutions were used. To check the pH meter standardization, select a third pH
buffer solution in the expected pH range of the well water samples and take a
measurement. If the reading differs by more than 0.1 pH units, recalibrate the
instrument. If unacceptable deviations still occur, consult the operating
manual for remedial course of action. At each sampling location, check pH
readings by measuring the pH value of a buffer solution in the expected range of
the sample. If the reading deviates from the known value by more than 0.1
standard units, recalibrate the instrument as previously described above. The
specific conductance/thermistor meter is less likely to exhibit random
fluctuations and will only require daily standardization against a known KC1
solution. Note that specific conductance is temperature-dependent and therefore
W00287
Section No.: 6.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 3 of 3
the meter readings must be adjusted to reflect the temperature of the standard
solution. Thoroughly rinse the probe with distilled/deionized water after
immersing in the KC1 standard solution. In addition to daily standardization of
the conductivity readings, the thermistor readings must also be checked daily.
This is accomplished by taking a temperature reading of the KCI standard
solution with both the conductivity probe and a mercury thermometer.
Calibration, operation and maintenance instructions for the following
equipment follow are presented in Appendix G:
o Olympic Well Probe
o Soil test Model 0484 Water Level Introduction
o YSI Models 33 and 33M Specific Conductance and Temperature Meter
o Beckman I 20 and I 21 pH meter
o Beckman I 10 and I 11 pH meters -and I 12 pH/SE meter
o HP-302 Open Stream Velocity Probe
o Century 128 Organic Vapor Analyzer
o HNU PI 101 Trace Gas Analyzer
o Dupont Constant Flow Air Sampling Pump Model P4000
o Dupont Air Sampling Pump Model P200A
o Industrial Scientific Combination Combustible Gas/Oxygen Monitor ModelKX241
o Industrial Scientific Sampling Pump Model SP201
Section No.: 7.0Revision No,: 2Date: August 29, 1988Page: 1 of 3
7.0 ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
The analytical procedures to be used by NUS for all of the TCL/TAL sample
analyses follow standard protocols as dictated by the CLP. Inorganic analysis
requirements for non-TCL/TAL parameters follow the NUS LSD Procedures Manual as
presented in Appendix H. Quality control protocols for non-TCL/TAL parameters
are presented in Table 7-1. Analytical methods for the non-TCL/TAL parameters
are listed on Table 7-2. Specific detection limits to be used by NUS are
presented in Appendix I. Comparison of QC Protocols for GC and GC/KS Analyses
are presented in Appendix 0.
Analytical procedures to be used by Lancy for_.the aquatic and terrestrial
life studies are presented in Section 14.0 of the RISOP. Specific methods of
analysis for gross alpha and gross beta are presented in Appendix E. The
objective behind analyzing for:gross alpha and gross beta is to evaluate the
existence, if any, of radiation in media samples. Additional analysis may be
necessary dependent upon results of the initial radiation screening. USEPA
requested the analysis of gross alpha and gross beta..
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Section: 7.0Revision No.: 2Date : Auqust 29
TABLE ̂ Page: 2 of 3.
Quality Control for Non-TCL/TAL Parameters
Soil Samples
Grain Size/% MoistureC a l i b r a t i o n : N ACalibration Verification: NAMethod Blank: NADuplicates: 1 in 20 samples from the site
TOCCalibration (of Titrant): DailyCalibration Verification: Daily, 1 in 10 samples and at the
end of the runMethod Blank: Daily (used in calculations)Duplicates: 1 in 20 samples from the site
eHCalibration: NA - Sensitivity of electrode is
evaluated, howeverCalibration Verification: NAMethod Blank: NADuplicates: 1 in 20 samples from the site
Surface Waters
HardnessCalibration: WeeklyCalibration Verification: Daily, 1 in 10 samples and at the
end of the runMethod Blank: DailyDuplicates: I in 20 samples from the siteMatrix Spike: 1 1n 20 samples from the site
BODCalibration: DailyCalibration Verification: Daily, 1 in 10 samples and at the
end of the runMethod Blank: DailyDuplicates: 1 in 20 samples from the site
CODCalibration: DailyCalibration Verification: Daily, 1 in 10 samples and at the
end of the runMethod Blank: Daily (used in calculations)Duplicates: 1 in 20 samples from the siteMatrix Spike: NA
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Section: 7.0Revision No.: 2Date: August 29, 1986Pager 2a of 3
TABLE 7-1 (cont'd.)
Total Solids/Total Dissolved SolidsCalibration: WTCalibration Verification:, NAMethod Blank: DailyDuplicates: 1 in 20 sampes from the siteMatrix Spike: NA
Ammonia/NitrateCalibration: DailyCalibration Verification: Daily, I in 10 samples and at the
end of the runMethod Blank: Daily (use in calculations)Duplicates: 1 in 20 samples from the siteMatrix Spike: 1 in 20 samples from the site
Gross Alpha/Gross BetaC a l i b r a t i o n : Q u a r t e r l yCalibration Verification (Performance Checks): DailyCalibration Verification (Blank Spikes): Daily, 1 in 10 samples
and at the end of therun
Method Blank: DailyDuplicates: 1 in 20 samples from the siteMatrix Spike: ' 1 in 20 samples from the site
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Section No.: 7.0_ „ - Revision No.: 2TABLE 7-2 .-- _ , . -. __Date: August 29,
Page: 3 of 3
Analytical Methods
Parameter Reference Method Number
Sediment Samples
Grain Size:sieve analysis ASTM D422hydrometer analysis ASTM D422
Percent Moisture ASTM D2216TOC, Walkley - BlackeH (1)
Surface Water Samples
Hardness Standard Methods 314BBOD Standard Methods 507COD EPA 410.1Total Sol Ids EPA 160.3Dissolved Sol Ids - EPA 160.1Ammonia Nitrogen EPA 350.2Nitrate Nitrogen EPA 352.1
(1) Procedures for Handling and Chemical Analysis of Sediment and WaterSamples, USEPA May 1987
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Section No.; 8.0Revision No.:. 2Date: August 29, 1988Page; 1 of 4
8.0 DATA REDUCTION. VALIDATION AND REPORTING
Media samples collected and submitted to NUS Laboratory for analyses will
be subject to QA/QC procedures as specified in the CLP. Other analytical data
generated during the RI, such as field analyses, will undergo in-house QA/QC as
dictated by Meiser & Earl. The in-house QA/QC will follow validation,
documentation and reporting protocols similar to but not as detailed as these
specified below for laboratory analytical data to be generated. Both the
analytical and field data will be generated and confirmed so as to be usable
together toward evaluating what risks, if any, are associated with the Delta
Site. Details of data reduction validation and reporting requirements for
laboratory analytical data area detailed below.
All laboratory analytical data generated during the RI will be subject to
quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures. As analytical data is
received from the laboratory it will be forwarded to Lancy Environmental
Services for data validation. Data validation, reduction and reporting
procedures will follow those set forth by CLP protocols for.TCL and TAL
parameters. These procedures as set forth by NUS are presented as Appendix J.
Subsequent to data validation, analytical data and all other field-generated
data will be reduced into concise yet comprehensive tables. Data generated
throughout the RI including QA information will be presented to USEPA, as it
becomes available, in the monthly progress reports. Information presented in
these reports will be further summarized and presented in the RI Report. Data
validation reports summarizing results of the assessment and a statement of the
data's usability also will be presented to USEPA upon receipt from Lancy. The
QA Officer for Meiser and Earl, Heidi Smith, will oversee data validation and
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Section No.: 8.0Revision No.: 2Date: August 29, 1988Page: 2 of 4
reporting during the Delta RI/FS. Details of data validation and reporting are
presented below.
8.1 Data Validation
Data validation is the review process necessary for validating laboratory
analytical data. This process is particularly important when the question of
litigation or enforcement arises. The Quality Assurance Officer for Meiser &
Earl is responsible for accumulating the laboratory data package and overseeing
data validation and reporting. The Lancy ESC Quality Assurance Coordinator
(QAC) is responsible for performing the data validation process.
Upon receipt of the NUS laboratory data package from the M&E QAO, the QAC
will review and validate the data according to Contract Laboratory Program (CLP)
QA protocols. Using QA protocols, analytical data quality and laboratory
performance will be determined. The following reference will be used for the
evaluation process:
"Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Organics
Analyses,M 1985 Revision.
"Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganics
Analyses," 1985 Revision.
Data gathered during the performance of this project will be validated
through review for completeness, acceptability and usefulness in accomplishing
the goals for the RI/FS. The data package is searched manually to determine
whether all steps in the CLP Statement of Work (SOW) were properly followed by NUS
(i.e., all required QC and documentation were provided). In the event that required
data is missing, the QAC will notify the QAO who will, in turn, notify NUS and
request the missing information. All such notifications are to be documented on
Section No.- : 8.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 3 of 4
a telephone record log.
Data validation will be performed to determine if the data meets the
objectives and requirements of the DQO's (see Section 5.0 of the RISOP) for the
Delta RI/FS objectives and to evaluate the data usability for its intended
application. The following will be included in the data validation process:
o Work plan compliance screening;
o Determination of completeness of sample analyses;
o Inspection of quality control data, instrument calibration and tuning
data;
o Validation on action-level samples;
o Determination of availability of all critical information and
re-analyses required in the Work Plan;
o Determination of discrepancies among the reported data;
o Investigation of probable cause of discrepancies among the reported
data, and
o Preparation of information needed for data interpretation.
The raw data and QC results are also reviewed to determine data usability.
The QAC will provide some clarity as to whether "in control" and/or "out-of-
control" data are useful. "In control" is defined as being compliant to the
SOW. However, compliant data may not always be useful, and non-compliant data
may be very useful. Specific criteria to be evaluated for compliance
determination include:
o Holding times;
o Preparation and reagent blanks;
o Initial instrument calibration;
Section No.: 8.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 4 of 4
o Continuing instrument calibration;
o Instrument tune and performance;
o ICP interference check;
o Spike sample analysis;
o Duplicate sample analysis, and
o GC/MS surrogate recovery.
Upon completion of the review process, the QAC will report the validation
results. The report will consist of a summary letter, glossary of data-
qualifier codes, data summary, results as reported by NUS, DPO report and
support documentation, if any. The summary letter will contain information on
the case overview, summary of major problems and minor issues and information
regarding report content. The report will be issued to the QAO.
Data summary forms for volatiles, BNA's and pesticides are presented in
Appendix K. Examples of inorganic and organic data validation summary forms
are also presented in Appendix K. Reporting forms for volatile organics and
inorganic data packages under the CLP are included as Appendix K.
8.2 Data Reporting
Data reporting procedures for media sampling will follow those detailed in
the NUS LSD Procedures Manual Section G-10.0 as presented in Appendix J. Any
problems found with the Quality Assurance Record will be discussed with USEPA to
determine the need for further action. Records and data reporting for the
bioassays to be conducted by Lancy are detailed in Appendix N.
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Section No,: 9.0Revision No.: 2Date: August 29, 1988Page: 1 of 1
9.0 INTERNAL QUALITY CONTROL CHECKS
The QA officer will oversee and maintain quality assurance during the RI/FS
and assume that QAPP protocols are being met. The QA officer through the
Project Manager and OSC will oversee field activities. The field audit will
provide internal quality control checks among project team members. Any serious
deficiencies noted in this audit will be reported and corrective actions to
remedy the situation will be taken within 24 hours of the time the deficiency
was reported. Refer to Section 21.0 of the RJSOP for details of the field
audi t.
The quality control program associated with the bioassays to be conducted
during Phase III"of the aquatic and terrestrial life studies is presented in
Appendix M.
Internal quality control checks to be followed, such as control samples,
are addressed in Section 6.0. Internal laboratory QC parameters are specified
for NUS Laboratory by CLP protocol. Duplicate or split samples to be collected
by Geoscience Consultants, Ltd. will act as an additional control measure of
field activities. Specifies of the split-sampling effort will be documented as
part of the project record when details are finalized.
Per approval from USEPA, a laboratory audit of NUS is not required as part
of this RI/FS.
Section No.: 10.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 1 of 1
10.0 PERFORMANCE AND SYSTEMS AUDITS
As discussed previously, USEPA-approved sampling techniques and CLP or
equivalent analytical techniques will be used to check performance throughout
the Delta project. More specifically, a field audit and periodic Internal
laboratory audits will be conducted, as discussed below.
10.1 Field Audit
A field audit will be conducted as a quality assurance measure during the
Delta RI. The audit will be conducted unannounced to preserve audit integrity.
The audit will verify that field activities, in particular sampling activities,
are "being conducted per the RISOP and QAPP. Should any serious deficiences be
noted during the field audit, they must be reported and corrective actions
should be taken within 24 hours from the time the respondent was informed of the
deficiency. The audit report will be sent to USEPA with 15 calendar days of
completion of the audit. Specific details and procedures of the field audit are
presented In the Delta RI/FS RISOP, Section 21.0.
10.2 Laboratory Audit
As part of the requirements of the CLP program, periodic internal audits
will be conducted at NUS Laboratory, Similarly, internal audits will be
conducted of Lancy's Laboratory facilities used for analysis of the aquatic and
terrestrial life studies samples. Details of the laboratory internal audits can
be found In the CLP protocols.
flH300298
Section No.: 11.0Revision No;: 1Date: June' 3, 1988Page: 1 of.1
11.0 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
Preventive maintenance procedures aid in ensuring that the RI/FS is
completed efficiently while maintaining quality assurance and quality control.
Preventative maintenance will be the duty of the Equipment Manager. All field
equipment will be maintained and calibrated according to a schedule. In
particular, equipment maintenance is critical to prevent field investigation
downtime due to equipment failure. Communication between field team members and
the Equipment Manager must be open to ensure that any noticed equipment problems
are quickly remedied. A selection of critical_spare parts will be maintained by
the Equipment Manager and will.be stored in the site trailer to speed equipment
repairs. Appendix G presents operating, calibration and maintenance procedures
for field equipment to be used during the Delta RI/FS.
Section No.: 12.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 1 of 1
12.0 SPECIFIC SOP'S USED TO ASSESS DATA PRECISION, ACCURACY,REPRESENTATIVENESS AND COMPLETENESS
USEPA-approved techniques will be used in all phases of the sampling and
analysis for the Delta RI/FS project to insure data precision, accuracy and
completeness as described in previous sections of this QAPP. In particular, CLP
protocol is to be followed to evaluate QC objectives. Laboratory QA criteria
and procedures are presented in Section 3 and Appendices A&B, respectively, of
this QAPP.
AR300300
Section No.: 13.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 1 of 1
13.0 CORRECTIVE ACTION
Corrective actions can vary from immediate actions, such as instrument
recalibration, to resampling. Any major corrective actions, such as resampling,
will be discussed with and approved by USEPA. NUS corrective action procedures
are presented in Appendix B. Lancy's program for corrective action is described
in Appendix L.
The chain-of-command for taking corrective action is as follows. The
person discovering the problem, whether it be a field or laboratory error, will
notify the M&E QAO, Heidi Smith. Any immediate errors, such as a laboratory
error, will be rectified and the USEPA QAO notified. The USEPA QAO also will be
notified of more involved errors, such as field errors or defective data. The
USEPA Remedial Project Manager, Donna McCartney, then will be notified and a
decision between her, the M&E QAO and the USEPA QAO, John Scalera, will be held.
All corrective actions will be documented, distributed to the appropriate USEPA
personnel and will become part of the Delta RI/FS project record.
flR30030
Section No.: 14.0Revision No.: 1Date: June 3, 1988Page: 1 of 1
14.0 QA REPORTING PROCEDURES
Any field problems encountered such as equipment and logistics problems are
reported verbally to the M&E project manager or OSC. It is important to relay
information promptly so that any necessary corrective action can be taken while
project team members are still in the field.
Monthly progress report will be submitted to USEPA for every 30-day period
following approval of the RISOP. Heidi Smith, M&E, will prepare these reports.
These reports will include:
1. A description of the actions that have been taken under the RISOP
during that month;
2. All results of sampling, tests, analytical data, technical
Interpretations and information received by M&E;
3, A description of all activities scheduled for the next .month as well as
anticipated data and
4. A description of any problems encountered and plans for remedying those
problems If appropriate.
These reports will act as a QA mechanism in and of itself to check the
project's progress and to aid in identifying and anticipating problems.
Additional QA reporting procedures are presented in the RISOP.
4H300302