QTP Interview question and answers

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  • 7/21/2019 QTP Interview question and answers

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    W. 7? Zngt ds Gutlegtdlh Lcobmt Elabi dh WQ[rl"sbr lc*bmt "gs lpbh "nbh tnb tbst lc*bmt "gs ibgrhba.

    $ Sbgi id!b ;xg%pib

    Mlhsdabr lursbi! gs tnb $utl%gtdlh ab+bilpbr, %sbi! gs =Q gha g pgrfdhj ilt gs tnb gppidmgtdlh, mgrs

    pgrfba dh tnb pgrfdhj grbg gs tnb Qbst c*bmts.

    :l" lu gsf %b &=Q) tl crdhj g mgr !rl% tnb pgrfdhj ilt gha lu pldht %b tl tnb mgr & Qnds ds gaadhj tnb

    Qbst c*bmt tl c*bmt rbplsdtlr lr rbmlradhj lh tnb sg%b). > % prb+dlus fhl"ibajb gha "ngt D g%

    prljrg%%ba tl ibgrh, D illf gt tnb mgr gha rb%b%cbr dts 1 pigtb sl tngt D mgh dabhtd! tnb sg%b dh !uturb.

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    Qnb mlilr l! tnb mgr ds rba cut D alhNt rb%b%cbr tnds gs 1 pigtb &? %ghagtlr prlpbrt sbttdhjs) ds jlla

    bhlujn !lr %b tl rbmljhdIb. Qnds ds gclut ibgrhdhj %ghagtlr prlpbrtdbs

    :l" d! D gaa mlilr prlpbrt tl ?ghagtlr idst D "dii ng+b # prlpbrtdbs !lr dabhtd!dhj tnb mgr. D! tnb mgr dspgdhtba tl "ndtb mlilr D "luia hlt cb gcib tl ilmgtb tnb mgr gs D g% stdii illfdhj !lr g rba mlilr mgr "dtn

    tnb sg%b 1 pigtb gs tnb "ndtb lhb dh !rlht l! %b. ]l tnds ds "n "b alhNt gaa gii prlpbrtdbs tl

    ?ghagtlr idst

    :l" ibt gssu%b tnds pgrfdhj ilt ngs sl%b hb" mgrs "ndmn ngs hl 1 pigtbs. ]l % %ghagtlr prlpbrtdbs

    albshNt jd+b %b ghtndhj tl rb'dabhtd! tnb mgr igtbr. D stgrt illfdhj gt % gssdstd+b prlpbrtdbs "ndmn ds

    tnb mlilr dh tnds mgsb. Qnb pgrfdhj ilt ngs lhi 7 rba mgr sl D rb%b%cbr tnb mlilr gs "bii tl rb'dabhtd! tnb

    mgr. Qnds ds gclut ibgrhdhj gssdstd+b prlpbrtdbs. D! lhb gssdstd+b prlpbrt albshNt nbip D "luia illf gt

    ltnbrs lhb c lhb.

    ]l !gr sl jlla. :l" d! "b ng+b ghltnbr rba mgr pgrfba dh tnb pgrfdhj, sl % dabhtd!dmgtdlh l! cighf1pigtb gha rba mlilr "dii stdii hlt rbsli+b "ndmn mgr tl pdmf. ]l D hbba tl %gfb g mnldmb cgsba lh 7st lr

    tnb #ha lhb &dhabx), ib!t lhb lr tnb rdjnt lhb &ilmgtdlh), tnb mgr tngt mg%b !drst dh tnb pgrfdhj ilt lr tnb

    lhb mg%b igtbr &mrbgtdlhtd%b dh mgsb l! crl"sbr). Qnds ds "nbrb "b hbba lradhgi dabhtd!dbr

    :l" ml%dhj tl s%grt dabhtd!dmgtdlh. Mlhsdabr lu tlia %b tl pdmf g rba mlilr mgr "dtn sl%b pigtb 1B gha

    mgr "gs rbpgdhtba tl "ndtb. :l" D alhNt !dha ghtndhj dh tnb ilt gha D stgrt jbttdhj s%grt. D "luia sg ibts

    *ust arlp l!! gii "ngt lu sgda gha sbb d! D mgh !dha tnb mgr. D !drst sbb nl" %gh mgrs dh tnb ilt, D! tnbrb ds

    lhi 7 tnbh % dssub ds sli+ba. >ut ibts sg tnbrb grb 0 mgrs, :l" % ]D gijl sgs tl illf !lr tnb 1pigtb

    gha d !dha tngt "ndtb mgr %gtmnbs tnb 1 pigtb sl D pdmf dt up gha tnb mgr !lr lu. Qnds ds "ngt ds ]%grt

    Dabhtd!dmgtdlh

    D! % ]%grt dabhtd!dmgtdlh nga mlilr gs tnb !drst prlpbrt tl cb mnbmfba tnbh D "luia ng+b illfba lhi gt

    "ndtb mgr prbsbht dh tnb pgrfdhj ilt, d! D !luha lhb D "luia jd+b tnb sg%b tl lu. ;+bh tnlujn lur mgr

    %g hlt cb prbsbht dh tnb pgrfdhj ilt D stdii jd+b lu g mgr "ndmn %g hlt cb tnb lhb lu "brb illfdhj

    !lr. Qnds ds "n dt gi"gs ga+dsba tl fbbp ]%grt Dabhtd!dmgtdlh adsgciba.

    Ml%dhj cgmf tl tnb =Q "lria D "luia idfb tl ndjnidjnt ghltnbr pldht hl". ?ghagtlr, $ssdstd+b

    prlpbrtdbs lhi ml%b dhtl pdmturb "nbh "b gaa gh lc*bmt tl tnb S lr rbmlra sl%b gmtdlh lh tnb sg%b.

    Zndib dabhtd!dhj tnb lc*bmt gjgdh =Q "dii hlt ad!!brbhtdgtb "ndmn prlpbrt "gs g ?ghagtlr lhb lr

    $ssdstd+b lhb. Dt "luia *ust tr tl %gtmn gii tnb prlpbrtdbs dt nga cbbh jd+bh tl dabhtd! tnb lc*bmt.

    Qnbrb ds g s%gii ad!!brbhmb "nbh dt ml%bs tl lradhgi dabhtd!dbrs. =Q lhi usbs lradhgi dabhtd!dbrs "nbh

    tnbrb grb %uitdpib %gtmnbs l! gh lc*bmt. ]l >rl"sbr&Wmrbgtdlhtd%b(rl"sbr&W%dmmigss(rl"sbr) "nbh lu lhi ng+b lhb crl"sbr lpbh gs =Q "dii hlt usb tnb

    Mrbgtdlhtd%b prlpbrt gt gii. >ut "nbh # crl"sbrs bxdst =Q "dii tnrl" gh brrlr gs tnbrb ds hlhb "dtn

    mrbgtdlhtd%b(

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    ' Dt "dii Sbturh tnb +giub l! g pgrtdmuigr prlpbrt !lr g tbst lc*bmt "ndmn =Q rbmlraba tl dabhtd! gh

    lc*bmt aurdhj Suh td%b. Qnb +giub ds tgfbh !rl% tnb c*bmt Sbplsdtlr.

    ' Sbtrdb+bs tnb +giubs l! lhi tnlsb prlpbrtdbs tngt grb dhmiuaba dh tnb tbst lc*bmt absmrdptdlh dh c*bmt

    Sbplsdtlr c =Q.

    btSrlpbrt(

    ' Dt "dii Sbturh tnb murrbht +giub &ruh td%b +giub) l! tnb tbst lc*bmt prlpbrt !rl% tnb lc*bmt dh tnb

    gppidmgtdlh.

    ' Sbtrdb+bs tnb murrbht prlpbrt +giub l! tnb lc*bmt dh tnb gppidmgtdlh aurdhj tnb tbst ruh.

    ]btQrlpbrt(

    3lu mgh %lad! tnb prlpbrtdbs l! tnb tb%plrgr +brsdlh l! tnb lc*bmt aurdhj tnb ruh sbssdlh "dtnlut

    g!!bmtdhj tnb pbr%ghbht +giubs dh tnb lc*bmt rbplsdtlr c gaadhj g ]btQrlpbrt stgtb%bht dh tnb;xpbrt Kdb".

    Gsb tnb !liil"dhj shtgx !lr tnb ]btQrlpbrt %btnla(

    c*bmt&absmrdptdlh).]btQrlpbrt rlpbrt, Kgiub

    AQnds "dii rbturh tnb hg%b prlpbrt +giub l! lljib ]bgrmn badtclx &/L/)

    %sjclx >rl"sbr&/lljib/).gjb&/lljib/).Zbc;adt&/L/).btQrlpbrt&/hg%b/)

    AQnds "dii sbt tnb prlpbrt +giub.

    >rl"sbr&/lljib/).gjb&/lljib/).Zbc;adt&/L/).]btQlrlpbrt /hg%b/,/lljib]bgrmn>lx/

    AQnds "dii +gidagtb tnb mnghjbs tngt "b ng+b %gab tl tnb hg%b prlpbrt

    %sjclx >rl"sbr&/lljib/).gjb&/lljib/).Zbc;adt&/L/).btQrlpbrt&/hg%b/)

    is mnbmf lut tnb prlpbrt l! Zbc badt cb!lrb gha g!tbr tnb bxbmutdlh &Dt "dii cb tnb sg%b dh S).

    J) 4l" tl gaa lc*bmt rbplsdtlrdbs gt ruhtd%b

    ]bt Lt$pp < Mrbgtbc*bmt&/=udmfQbst.$ppidmgtdlh/) A Mrbgtb tnb $ppidmgtdlh lc*bmt

    Lt$pp.pbh /M(QbstsQbst7/, -gisb, -gisb A pbh g tbst

    ]bt LtSbplsdtlrdbs < Lt$pp.Qbst.$mtdlhs&/@ljdh/).c*bmtSbplsdtlrdbs A bt tnb lc*bmt rbplsdtlrdbs

    mliibmtdlh lc*bmt l! tnb /@ljdh/ gmtdlh

    LtSbplsdtlrdbs.$aa /M(?gdh$pp.tsr/, 7 A $aa tnb rbplsdtlr tl tnb mliibmtdlh

    O)Qpbs l! $utl%gtdlh -rg%b"lrf

    Qnbsb grb +br plpuigr ab!dhdtdlh l! ad!!brbht tpbs l! !rg%b"lrfs g+gdigcib dh tnb %grfbt

    ]mrdpt ?lauigrdt -rg%b"lrf

    Qnb tbst smrdpt %lauigrdt !rg%b"lrf rbLudrbs tnb mrbgtdlh l! s%gii, dhabpbhabht smrdpts tngt

    rbprbsbht %lauibs, sbmtdlhs, gha !uhmtdlhs l! tnb gppidmgtdlh'uhabr'tbst. Qnbsb s%gii smrdpts grb tnbh

    usba dh g ndbrgrmndmgi !gsndlh tl mlhstrumt igrjbr tbsts, rbgidIdhj g pgrtdmuigr tbst mgsb.

    @dcrgr $rmndtbmturb -rg%b"lrf

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    Qnb tbst idcrgr grmndtbmturb !rg%b"lrf ds +br sd%digr tl tnb tbst smrdpt %lauigrdt !rg%b"lrf

    gha l!!brs tnb sg%b ga+ghtgjbs, cut dt ad+dabs tnb gppidmgtdlh'uhabr'tbst dhtl prlmbaurbs gha !uhmtdlhs

    dhstbga l! smrdpts. Qnds !rg%b"lrf rbLudrbs tnb mrbgtdlh l! idcrgr !dibs tngt rbprbsbht %lauibs, sbmtdlhs,

    gha !uhmtdlhs l! tnb gppidmgtdlh'uhabr'tbst. Qnbsb idcrgr !dibs grb tnbh mgiiba adrbmti !rl% tnb tbst mgsbsmrdpt.

    2b"lra'rd+bh lr Qgcib'rd+bh Qbstdhj -rg%b"lrf

    2b"lra'ard+bh tbstdhj gha tgcib'ard+bh tbstdhj grb dhtbrmnghjbgcib tbr%s tngt rb!br tl gh

    gppidmgtdlh'dhabpbhabht gutl%gtdlh !rg%b"lrf. Qnds !rg%b"lrf rbLudrbs tnb ab+bilp%bht l! agtg

    tgcibs gha fb"lras, dhabpbhabht l! tnb tbst gutl%gtdlh tlli usba tl bxbmutb tnb% gha tnb tbst smrdpt

    mlab tngt /ard+bs/ tnb gppidmgtdlh'uhabr'tbst gha tnb agtg. 2b"lra'ard+bh tbsts illf +br sd%digr tl

    %ghugi tbst mgsbs. Dh g fb"lra'ard+bh tbst, tnb !uhmtdlhgidt l! tnb gppidmgtdlh'uhabr'tbst ds

    almu%bhtba dh g tgcib gs "bii gs dh stbp'c'stbp dhstrumtdlhs !lr bgmn tbst.

    gtg'rd+bh Qbstdhj -rg%b"lrfgtg'ard+bh tbstdhj ds g !rg%b"lrf "nbrb tbst dhput gha lutput +giubs grb rbga !rl% agtg !dibs

    &agtgpllis, >M slurmbs, m+s !dibs, ;xmbi !dibs, $ lc*bmts, $ lc*bmts, gha sumn) gha grb ilgaba dhtl

    +grdgcibs dh mgpturba lr %ghugii mlaba smrdpts. Dh tnds !rg%b"lrf, +grdgcibs grb usba !lr cltn dhput

    +giubs gha lutput +brd!dmgtdlh +giubs. :g+djgtdlh tnrlujn tnb prljrg%, rbgadhj l! tnb agtg !dibs, gha

    iljjdhj l! tbst stgtus gha dh!lr%gtdlh grb gii mlaba dh tnb tbst smrdpt.

    4crda Qbst $utl%gtdlh -rg%b"lrf

    Qnb %lst ml%%lhi d%pib%bhtba !rg%b"lrf ds g ml%cdhgtdlh l! gii l! tnb gcl+b tbmnhdLubs,

    puiidhj !rl% tnbdr strbhjtns gha trdhj tl %dtdjgtb tnbdr "bgfhbssbs. Qnds ncrda tbst gutl%gtdlh

    !rg%b"lrf ds "ngt %lst !rg%b"lrfs b+li+b dhtl l+br td%b gha %uitdpib prl*bmts.

    F);rrlr 4ghaidhj Sbml+br ]mbhgrdl

    Sbml+br ]mbhgrdl(

    Znbh bxbmutdhj smrdpts "b %g jbt sl%b Ghbxpbmtba brrlrs.Ql rbml+br tnb tbst gha mlhtdhub ruhhdhj

    smrdpt !rl% tnbsb uhbxpbmtba brrlrs "b usb Sbml+br ]mbhgrdls.

    Zngt ngppbhs dh Sbml+br ]mbhgrdls

    $ rbml+br smbhgrdl mlhsdsts l! tnb !liil"dhj(

    Qrdjjbr ;+bht(

    Qnb b+bht tngt dhtbrrupts lur ruh sbssdlh. -lr bxg%pib g "dhal" tngt %g plp up lh smrbbh.

    Sbml+br pbrgtdlhs(

    Qnb lpbrgtdlhs tl pbr!lr% tl bhgcib =Q tl mlhtdhub ruhhdhj tnb tbst g!tbr tnb trdjjbr b+bht dhtbrrupts

    tnb ruh sbssdlh. -lr bxg%pib, midmfdhj gh 2 cuttlh dh g plp'up "dhal".lst'Sbml+br Qbst Suh ptdlh(

    Qnb dhstrumtdlhs lh nl" =Q snluia prlmbba g!tbr tnb rbml+br lpbrgtdlhs ng+b cbbh pbr!lr%ba, gha

    !rl% "ndmn pldht dh tnb tbst =Q snluia mlhtdhub. -lr bxg%pib, lu %g "ght tl rbstgrt g tbst !rl% tnb

    cbjdhhdhj, lr sfdp g stbp bhtdrbi gha mlhtdhub "dtn tnb hbxt stbp dh tnb tbst. Sbml+br smbhgrdls grb

    sg+ba dh rbml+br smbhgrdl !dibs ng+dhj tnb bxtbhsdlh .Lrs. $ rbml+br smbhgrdl !dib ds g iljdmgi mliibmtdlh

    l! rbml+br smbhgrdls, jrlupba gmmlradhj tl lur spbmd!dm rbLudrb%bhts.

    Sbml+br smbhgrdl %ghjbr mgh nghaib !liil"dhj !lur b+bhts(

    7. lp'up "dhal"( Ql nghaib uh"ghtba plp ups.

    #. c*bmt stgtb( Ql nghaib lc*bmt rbigtba brrlrs gt ruhtd%b.

    0. Qbst ruh brrlr( Ql nghaib +c smrdpt stgtb%bht brrlrs gt ruhtd%b.

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    5. $ppidmgtdlh mrgsn( Ql nghaib mrgsnba gppidmgtdlhs gt ruhtd%b.

    79)Znbh tl usb ;rrlr nghaidhj&lh brrlr rbsu%b hbxt) +s Sbml+br ]mbhgrdls

    D! lu mgh prbadmt tngt g mbrtgdh b+bht %g ngppbh gt g spbmd!dm pldht dh lur tbst lr ml%plhbht,dt ds rbml%%bhaba tl nghaib tngt b+bht adrbmti "dtndh lur tbst lr ml%plhbht c gaadhj stbps sumn gs

    D! stgtb%bhts lr lptdlhgi stbps lr /lh brrlr rbsu%b hbxt/, rgtnbr tngh abpbhadhj lh g rbml+br smbhgrdl.

    Gsdhj Sbml+br ]mbhgrdls %g rbsuit dh uhusugii sil" pbr!lr%ghmb l! lur tbsts.Qnb grb absdjhba tl

    nghaib g %lrb jbhbrdm sbt l! uhprbadmtgcib b+bhts "ndmn M$::Q cb nghaiba prljrg%%gtdmgii.

    ;xg%pib(

    $ rbml+br smbhgrdl mgh nghaib g prdhtbr brrlr c midmfdhj tnb ab!guit cuttlh dh tnb rdhtbr ;rrlr

    %bssgjb clx.3lu mghhlt nghaib tnds brrlr adrbmti dh lur tbst, sdhmb lu mghhlt fhl" gt "ngt pldht tnb

    hbt"lrf "dii rbturh tnb prdhtbr brrlr. 3lu mluia tr tl nghaib tnds b+bht dh lur tbst c gaadhj gh D!

    stgtb%bht d%%badgtbi g!tbr tnb stbp tngt sbht g !dib tl tnb prdhtbr, cut d! tnb hbt"lrf tgfbs td%b tlrbturh tnb prdhtbr brrlr, lur tbst %g ng+b prljrbssba sb+brgi stbps cb!lrb tnb brrlr ds adspigba.

    Qnbrb!lrb, !lr tnds tpb l! b+bht,lhi g rbml+br smbhgrdl mgh nghaib dt.

    h brrlr ]tgtb%bhts

    -liil"dhj grb brrlr stgtb%bhts (

    7. h ;rrlr Sbsu%b :bxt

    #. h ;rrlr l tl 9

    0. brr.hu%cbr

    5. brr.absmrdptdlh

    h ;rrlr Sbsu%b :bxt(

    h ;rrlr Sbsu%b :bxt stgtb%bht bhgcibs tnb ;rrlr nghaidhj dh tnb mlab.D! tnbrb ds brrlr dh tnb

    mlab /h brrlr Sbsu%b :bxt/ djhlrbs dt gha mlhtdhub "dtn hbxt idhb l! mlab.

    h ;rrlr l tl 9(

    h brrlr jlt tl 9 stgtb%bht adsgcibs brrlr nghaidhj "b ng+b prb+ddlusi bhgciba dt c usdhj h

    ;rrlr rbsu%b :bxt.

    brr.hu%cbr gha brr.absmrdptdlh(

    rl+dabs tnb brrlr hu%cbr gha tnb absmrdptdlh l! tnb brrlr

    77)Mnbmfpldhts

    Mnbmfpldht bhgcibs usbr tl dabhtd! "nbtnbr $GQ ds mlrrbmti "lrfdhj lr hlt c ml%pgrdhj

    murrbht +giub l! g pgrtdmuigr prlpbrt "dtn bxpbmtba +giub l! tngt prlpbrt.

    Qpbs l! Mnbmfpldhts dh =Q(

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    7 .]tghagra mnbmf pldht

    # .>dt %gp mnbmf pldht

    0 .Qbxt mnbmf pldht5 .Qbxt grbg mnbmf pldht

    C .gtg cgsb mnbmf pldht

    . B?@ Mnbmf pldht

    J. Qgcib mnbmfpldht

    O. D%gjb mnbmfpldht

    F. gjb mnbmf pldht

    79. $mmbssdcdidt mnbmf pldht

    7#)Qpbs l! gtgQgcib(

    bsdjh Qd%b gtgQgcib( Zndib mrbgtdhj badtdhj tnb tbst smrdpts, lu bhtbr agtg adrbmti dh tnb

    agtg tgcib adspigba tnbrb. 3lu mgh +db" agtg tgcib c sbibmtdhj Kdb" 88 gtg Qgcib lptdlh. Qnds agtg

    tgcib ds mgiiba bsdjh Qd%b gtgQgcib.

    Suhtd%b gtgQgcib( Qnb agtg tgcib usba "ndib ruhhdhj tnb tbst ds mgiiba Suhtd%b gtgQgcib. Qnb

    agtg dh tnb ruhtd%b agtg tgcib %g cb sg%b gs absdjh td%b agtg tgcib ghalr mgh cb bhtbrba c

    d%plrtdhj agtg !rl% bxmbi snbbt, tbxt !dib btm. Qnb ruhtd%b agtg tgcib mgh cb sbbh dh tnb Qbst Sbsuits

    "dhal" "nbh ruh sbssdlh ds bhaba.

    70)gtgQgcib c*bmt ' ?btnlas

    &7) $aa ]nbbt(

    Zb mgh usb tnds %btnla tl Wgaa lhb hb" snbbt tl tnb ruh td%b agtg tgcib.

    ]htgx( gtgQgcib.$aa]nbbt /snbbt hg%b/

    ;x( gtgQgcib.$aa]nbbt /jmrbaa/

    ) bibtb ]nbbt(

    Zb mgh usb tnds %btnla tl Wabibtb lhb spbmd!dba snbbt !rl% tnb Suh Qd%b gtg tgcib.

    ]htgx( agtgtgcib.bibtb]nbbt &]nbbtRD)

    ;x( agtgtgcib.bibtb]nbbt &0)

    &0) bt]nbbtMluhtZb mgh usb tnds %btnla tl mluht hu%cbr l! snbbts dh tnb ruh td%b agtg tgcib.

    ]htgx(

    agtgtgcib.bt]nbbtMluht

    %sjclx agtgtgcib.bt]nbbtMluht

    &5) btSl"Mluht

    Zb mgh usb tnds %btnla tl mluht hu%cbr l! rl"s dh tnb 7st snbbt

    &ilhjbst mliu%h) l! tnb Suh td%b agtg tgcib.

    ]htgx( agtgtgcib.btSl"Mluht

    ;x( %sjclx agtgtgcib.btSl"Mluht

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    &C) bt]nbbt

    Zb mgh usb tnds %btnla tl rbturh g spbmd!dba snbbt !rl% tnb Suh Qd%b agtg tgcib.

    ]htgx( agtgtgcib.bt]nbbt&]nbbtD);x( %sjclx agtgtgcib. bt]nbbt&7).btSl"Mluht

    &) Kgiub

    Zb mgh usb tnds %btnla tl sbt lr jbt +giub l! mbii dh tnb spbmd!dba pgrg%btbr gha tnb murrbht

    rl" l! tnb Su% td%b agtg tgcib.

    Ql sbt agtg

    ]htgx( agtgtgcib.Kgiub&grg%btbrR:g%b, ]nbbtR:g%b) < Kgiub +grdgcib r

    agtgtgcib&grg%btbrR:g%b, ]nbbtR:g%b) < Kgiub +grdgcib

    Ql jbt agtg]htgx( Kgrdgcib < agtgtgcib.Kgiub&grg%btbrR:g%b, ]nbbtR:g%b) r

    Kgrdgcib < agtgtgcib&grg%btbrR:g%b, ]nbbtR:g%b)

    ;x(

    ptdlh bxpidmdt d% g, c, m

    g

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    ]htgx( agtgtgcib.D%plrt Wgtn l! -dib

    ;x( agtgtgcib.D%plrt W-(Dhputagtg.xis

    77) D%plrt]nbbtZb mgh usb tnds %btnla tl d%plrt g spbmd!dba snbbt l! ?dmrlsl!t ;xmbi ]nbbt tl tnb Suhtd%b

    gtg tgcib.

    ]htgx( agtgtgcib.D%plrt]nbbt Wgtn l! -dib, W]lurmb ]nbbt, Wbstdhgtdlh ]nbbt

    ;x( agtgtgcib.D%plrt]nbbt W;(jmrbaa.xis,0,7

    &7#) ;xplrt

    Zb mgh usb tnds %btnla tl bxplrt g mlp l! Suh Qd%b gtg tgcib tl ghltnbr ilmgtdlh &Dhmiuadhj

    gii snbbts)

    ]htgx( agtgtgcib.;xplrt Wgtn l! -dib

    ;x( agtgtgcib.;xplrt W-(jmrbaa.xis

    70) ;xplrt]nbbt

    Zb mgh usb tnds %btnla tl bxplrt g mlp spbmd!dba snbbt l! Suh Qd%b gtg tgcib tl tnb bxdstdhj

    lr hb" ;xmbi -dib.

    ]htgx( agtgtgcib.;xplrt]nbbt Wgtn l! -dib, W]nbbt :g%b ]lurmb ]nbbt

    ;x( agtgtgcib.;xplrt]nbbt W-(jmrbaa.xis, #

    75)urplsb l! ilcgi snbbt $mtdlh snbbt dh =Q

    ilcgi ]nbbt ds usba !lr ilcgi usb, tngt %bghs "ngt lu

    bhtbrba dh jilcgi snbbt tngt snluia cb usba dh gh gmtdlh

    dh tnb Qbst !lr bxg%pib( tbst7 ng+dhj 5gmtdlh. gt tngt

    td%b lu "ght tl pgrg%btbrdIb tnb sl%b lc*bmt dh gii

    gmtdlhs "dtn sg%b Qbst gtg. gt tnds td%bs usba jilcgi snbbt

    $mtdlh ]nbbt ds usba !lr ilmgi usb, tngt %bghs d! lu "ght

    tl pgrg%btbrdIb tnb gmtdlhs dhad+daugii "dtn dhabpbhabht

    tbst agtg dh tbst, gt tngt td%b "b grb usb $mtdlh ]nbbt

    7C)Mgpturb Qbxt lh gh d%gjb c usdhj =Q

    ]lih7.

    Gsdhj =Q >dt%gp Mnbmfldht, pdmturb mgh cb +brd!dba gjgdhst tnb prb+dlusi rbmlraba pdmturb.

    ]lih#.

    3lu mgh usb btKdsdcibQbxt %btnla tl bxtrgmt tbxt !rl% tnb pdmturb &gha ml%pgrb tbxt dh tnb

    pdmturb). Qnds ds jbhbrgii usba "nbh =Q ds uhgcib tl dabhtd! tnb pgrtdmuigr mlhtrli.

    ]htgx !lr btKdsdcibQbxt(

    strQbxt

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    7)d!!brbhmbs cbt"bbh D%gjb Mnbmfpldht gha >dt%gp Mnbmfpldht dh =Q.

    cdt%gp mnbmf pldht ds mnbmfdhj g pgrtdmuigr grbg lr pgrt l! gh d%gjb.."nbrbgs D%gjb mnbmf pldhtpldht ds mnbmfdhj tnb bhtdrb "dhal" l! tnb d%gjb

    D%gjb mnbmfpldhts bhgcib lu tl mnbmf tnb prlpbrtdbs l! g Zbc d%gjb. 3lu mgh mnbmf gh grbg l!

    g Zbc pgjb lr gppidmgtdlh gs g cdt%gp. Zndib mrbgtdhj g tbst lr ml%plhbht, lu spbmd! tnb grbg lu

    "ght tl mnbmf c sbibmtdhj gh lc*bmt. 3lu mgh mnbmf gh bhtdrb lc*bmt lr gh grbg "dtndh gh lc*bmt. =udmf

    Qbst mgpturbs tnb spbmd!dba lc*bmt gs g cdt%gp, gha dhsbrts g mnbmfpldht dh tnb tbst lr ml%plhbht. 3lu

    mgh gisl mnllsb tl sg+b lhi tnb sbibmtba grbg l! tnb lc*bmt "dtn lur tbst lr ml%plhbht dh lrabr tl

    sg+b adsf ]pgmb.

    -lr bxg%pib, supplsb lu ng+b g Zbc sdtb tngt mgh adspig g %gp l! g mdt tnb usbr spbmd!dbs.

    Qnb %gp ngs mlhtrli fbs !lr Ill%dhj. 3lu mgh rbmlra tnb hb" %gp tngt ds adspigba g!tbr lhb midmf lhtnb mlhtrli fb tngt Ill%s dh tnb %gp. Gsdhj tnb cdt%gp mnbmfpldht, lu mgh mnbmf tngt tnb %gp Ill%s

    dh mlrrbmti. 3lu mgh mrbgtb cdt%gp mnbmfpldhts !lr gii supplrtba tbstdhj bh+drlh%bhts &gs ilhj gs tnb

    gpprlprdgtb gaa'dhs grb ilgaba). :ltb( Qnb rbsuits l! cdt%gp mnbmfpldhts %g cb g!!bmtba c !gmtlrs

    sumn gs lpbrgtdhj sstb%, smrbbh rbsliutdlh, gha mlilr sbttdhjs.

    7J)Gsdhj =Q tl mgpturb smrbbh snlt

    str-dib:g%b

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    Qnbrb grb 0 tpbs l! bh+drlh%bht +grdgcibs(

    >udit'dh( =Q prl+dabs g +grdbt l! bh+drlh%bht +grdgcibs tngt ab!dhb dh!lr%gtdlh sumn gs tnb murrbhti

    bxbmutdhj tbst hg%b,tnb tbstNs pgtn,lpbrgtdhj sstb%,dts +brsdlh btm..]tbps tl +brd! tnb g+gdigcdidt l! cudit'dh bh+drlh%bht +grdgcibs.

    l tl -dib8]bttdhjs8;h+drlh%bht8>udit'dh

    $mmbssdhj gh >udit'dh bh+drlh%bht +grdgcib dh ;xpbrt Kdb"

    ?sjclx ;h+drlh%bht.Kgiub&Wrlaumtdr) ^Dt "dii snl" tnb !liabr pgtn "nbrb tnb prlaumt ds dhstgiibaN

    ?sjclx ;h+drlh%bht.Kgiub&W$mtdlh:g%b) ^Dt "dii dhadmgtb "ndmn gmtdlh ds murrbhti ruhhdhjN

    Gsbr ab!dhba dhtbrhgi( Qnbsb +grdgcibs grb ab!dhba dh g tbst gha sg+ba "dtn tnb tbst.Qnbsb +grdgcibs mgh

    cb %lad!dba aurdhj ruh td%b.

    ]tbps tl mrbgtb gh usbr ab!dhba dhtbrhgi bh+drlh%bht +grdgcib

    8 l tl -dib8]bttdhjs8;h+drlh%bht8]bibmt Gsbr'ab!dhba !rl% +grdgcib Qpb arlp al"h @dst

    8 Midmf lh gaa dmlh &^PN)

    8 $aa :b" ;h+drlh%bht grg%btbr pbhs8 rl+dab sl%b +giubs dh :g%b !dbia&sg ^xN) gha dh +giub !dbia &sg N79A)

    8 Midmf 2.

    8 :l" Midmf 2 lh Qbst ]bttdhjs Qgc.

    $mmbssdhj gh Gsbr'ab!dhba dhtbrhgi bh+drlh%bht +grdgcib dh ;xpbrt Kdb"

    ?sjclx ;h+drlh%bht.Kgiub&WB) ^Dt "dii adspig tnb +giub "ndmn "b ng+b jd+bh dh +giub !dbia d,b 79A

    Gsbr'ab!dhba bxtbrhgi( Qnbsb +grdgcibs grb ab!dhba dh gh bxtbrhgi bh+drlh%bht !dib.Qnbsb +grdgcibs grb

    rbga'hi gha mghhlt cb %lad!dba aurdhj ruh'td%b.Qnb bxtbrhgi !dib mgh cb gsslmdgtba "dtn "dtn tnb tbst

    gha mgh gisl cb ilgaba gt ruh td%b usdhj @lga-rl%-dib %btnla.

    Mrbgtb gh B?@ -dib

    ;h+drlh%bht8

    Kgrdgcib8

    :g%b8$aarbss7:g%b8

    Kgiub8>>]SKgiub8

    Kgrdgcib8

    Kgrdgcib8

    :g%b8$aarbss#:g%b8

    Kgiub8bindKgiub8

    Kgrdgcib8

    ;h+drlh%bht8

    ]tbps tl Mrbgtb gh usbr ab!dhba bxtbrhgi bh+drlh%bht +grdgcib

    8Mrbgtb gh B?@ !dib gha ]g+b tnb !dib dh g ilmgtdlh tngt ds gmmbssdcib !rl% tnb =udmf Qbst.8l tl -dib8]bttdhjs8;h+drlh%bht8]bibmt Gsbr'ab!dhba !rl% +grdgcib Qpb arlp al"h @dst

    8]bibmt tnb ^@lga Kgrdgcibs gha +giubs !rl% bxtbrhgi !dibN Mnbmf clx.

    8Gsb tnb crl"sb cuttlh lr bhtbr tnb !uii pgtn l! tnb B?@ !dib .

    8Qnb +grdgcibs ab!dhba dh tnb sbibmtba !dib grb adspigba dh ciub mlilur dh tnb idst l! usbr'ab!dhba

    bh+drlh%bht +grdgcibs "dtn dts Qpb gs ;xtbrhgi.

    8Midmf 2 lh Qbst ]bttdhjs Qgc.

    $mmbssdhj gh Gsbr'ab!dhba ;xtbrhgi bh+drlh%bht +grdgcib dh ;xpbrt Kdb"

    ?sjclx ;h+drlh%bht.Kgiub&W:g%b) ^Dt "dii adspig tnb +giub "ndmn "b ng+b prl+daba !lr tnb

    bh+drlh%bht +grdgcib :g%bN

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    7F ) Qpbs l! lc*bmt (

    g) Suh td%b lc*bmt ( c*bmt prbsbht dh $GQ idfb ' >uttlhs, @dhfs btmc) Qbst c*bmt ( Sb!brbhmb l! Suhtd%b lc*bmt idfb ' Zdh;adt, Zdhcuttlh,@dhf btm

    m) Gtdidt c*bmt ( c*bmt rbsbr+ba dh Ltp idfb ' sstb%Gtdi,Sbplrtbr,]br+dmb,;h+drlh%bht

    a) $utl%gtdlh lc*bmt Gsbr b!dhba c*bmt ' !dibsstb% lc*bmt , $alalac lc*bmt

    #9) $a+ghtgjb l! Ltp 79.9

    g):b" Q gha Qgsfs pghb

    =Q 79 dhtrlaumb g hb" Q gha Qgsf pghbs. Qnb tgsf pghbs mgh cb upagtb adrbmti c gaadhj

    ml%%bhts tl tnb badtlr W^tlal tnds ds g tgsf. Qnds !bgturb ds lh g smrdpt tl smrdpt cgsds gha tnb tlal tgsfs

    grb hlt stlrba gt g mbhtrgi ilmgtdlh "ndmn mluia ng+b cbbh g jrbgt ga+ghtgjb tl %ghgjb smrdpts upagtbs.

    c);hnghmb%bht tl Qbst Sbplrtdhj

    Qnb dhgcdidt tl gaa d%gjbs tl tbst rbsuits &"dtnlut "lrfgrluha) "gs g cdj prlcib% !lr +grdlus =Q

    usbrs. Qnds prlcib% ngs cbbh sli+ba dh =Q 79 gha "lrfs sbg%ibssi "bii "dtn =M dhtbjrgtdlh gs "bii.

    Qnb ^Sbplrtbr.Sbplrt;+bhtN %btnla hl" tgfbs ghltnbr pgrg%btbrs "ndmn mgh cb usba tl dhsbrt d%gjb tl

    tnb tbst rbsuits

    Sbplrtbr.Sbplrt;+bht ;+bht]tgtus, Sbplrt]tbp:g%b, btgdis E, D%gjb-dibgtnH

    m)]g+b Qbst "dtn Sbslurmbs

    :l" "b mgh sg+b tnb ml%pibtb tbst "dtn gii dts abpbhabhmdbs tl tnb ilmgi sstb%. Qnds giil"s plrtgcdidt

    l! Qbst !lr abcujjdhj purplsbs.

    a)Mgii $mtdlhs hg%dmgii

    :l" "b mgh mgii gh $mtdlh hg%dmgii gt ruh'td%b. Qnds "gs lhb !bgturb "ndmn tnb =Q ml%%uhdt

    "gs "gdtdhj !lr ilhj td%b. Qnlujn tnbrb ds g "lrfgrluha tl mgii gh gmtdlh ahg%dmgii dh bgridbr

    +brsdlhs l! =Q gs absmrdcba dh % grtdmib hg%dm $mtdlh Mgii grt #

    Qnb @lga$haSuh$mtdlh %btnla giil"s mgiidhj gh $mtdlh !lr @lmgi sstb% lr =ugidt mbhtbr gt ruh'td%b.

    @lga$haSuh$mtdlh&Qbstgtn, $mtdlh:g%b, EDtbrgtdlhH, Egrg%btbrsH)

    b)Mustl% >dt%gp Ml%pgrdslh

    Qnds ds ghltnbr dhdtdgtd+b !rl% 4 tl giil" =Q usbrs tnb gcdidt tl bxtbha tnb !uhmtdlhgidtdbs l! =Q.

    $!tbr Zbc, Tg+g gha .:;Q ;xtbhsdcdidt =Q 79 hl" giil"s lu tl mrbgtb mustl% >dt%gp ml%pgrdslh

    @@s. Zbii tnb g+gdigcdidt l! 2hl"ibajbDhclx ]mrbbhMgpturb gha Ml%pgrdslh $D tl al tnb *lc !lr %b D

    hb+br !bit tnb hbba tl bxpilrb tnds !bgturb. >ut tnds mgh cb usba "nbh lu grb illfdhj gt >dt%gp

    ml%pgrdslh "nbrb mustl% ml%pgrdslh hbbas tl cb alhb, ;x Ml%pgrdhj g hlr%gi d%gjb "dtn g

    "gtbr%grfba +brsdlh l! tnb sg%b d%gjb.

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    =7. 4l" tl !dha tnb ibhjtn l! strdhj dh =Q

    $hs"br '3lu mgh !dha tnb ibhjtn l! tnb strdhj usdhj lhb +c smrdpt !uhmtdlh mgiiba ibh.

    ]upplsb lu "ght tl !dha tnb ibhjtn l! /sgiuhfb/ tnbh lu "dii ng+b tnb cbil" stgtb%bht "ndmn "diiprdht tnb ibhjtn l! strdhj .

    prdht ibh&/sgiuhfb/)

    =#. 4l" tl !dha tnb murrbht sstb% td%b dh =Q

    $hs"br ' 3lu mgh !dha tnb murrbht sstb% td%b usdhj Qd%b !uhmtdlh dh +csmrdpt.

    rdht td%b

    =0. 4l" tl rb%l+b gii spgmbs !rl% jd+bh strdhj dh =Q

    $hs"br ' Zb mgh usb rbpigmb !uhmtdlh dh +csmrdpt tl rb%l+b gii spgmbs dh strdhj.

    b.j. hb"strdhj < rbpigmb&strdhj"dtnspgmbs,/ /,//)

    =5. 4l" tl !dha tnb %lauius l! g hu%cbr dh =Q$hs"br ' Zb mgh !dha tnb %lauius l! jd+bh hu%cbr usdhj ? lpbrgtlr.

    g < 79 %la C

    prdht g

    =C. 4l" tl !dha tnb sdIb l! grrg dh =Q

    $hs"br ' Ql !dha tnb sdIb l! grrg, "b mgh usb ucluha !uhmtdlh dh =Q.

    prdht ucluha&grr) ' Aprdhts uppbr cluha l! grrg.

    =. Zngt ds tnb ad!!brbhmb cbt"bbh crb! gha c+gi dh =Q

    $hs"br ' 3lu mgh pgss tnb pgrg%btbrs tl !uhmtdlh lr prlmbaurb usdhj crb! lr c+gi %btnla.

    crb! "dii pgss tnb gaarbss l! +grdgcib cut c+gi "dii pgss tnb mlp l! +grdgcib. ]l "nbh lu "ght tnb

    pgssba +giub tl mnghjb, lu mgh pgss tnb +giub usdhj crb! %btnla. tnbr"dsb lu mgh pgss dt usdhj

    c+gi %btnla.

    =J. 4l" tl !dha tnb ad!!brbhmb cbt"bbh # agtbs dh =Q

    $hs"br ' 3lu mgh !dha tnb ad!!brbhmb cbt"bbh # agtbs usdhj agtbad!! !uhmtdlh. 3lu mgh jbt tnb ad!!brbhmb

    dh tbr%s l! %dhutbs, sbmlhas, nlurs, %lhtns lr bgrs.

    =O. 4l" tl jbhbrgtb tnb rghal% hu%cbr dh jd+bh rghjb dh =Q

    $hs"br(

    ?dh < 7

    ?gx < 79

    Sghal%dIb

    Sghal%:u%cbr < &Dht&&%gx'%dhP7)_ShaP%dh))

    = F. 4l" tl mrbgtb gh grrg l! admtdlhgrdbs dh =Q

    $hs"br ' Zb mgh mrbgtb tnb grrg l! admtdlhgr idfb nl" "b mrbgtb grrg l! smgigr +grdgcibs.

    ]htgx ds snl"h cbil"

    Abmigrb $rrg "dtn C bib%bhts

    d% %$rrg&C)

    A?gfb !drst bib%bht dh grrg gs g admtdlhgr lc*bmt

    ]bt %$rrg&9) < mrbgtblc*bmt&/smrdptdhj.admtdlhgr/)

    Ahmb "b ng+b g admtdlhgr lc*bmt, Zb mgh usb dts %btnlas idfb gaa, rb%l+b, rb%l+bgii btm

    %$rrg&9).$aa/%fb/,/%+giub/

    Aadspig dtb% +giub l! %fb dh admtdlhgr %$rrg&9)

    prdht %$rrg&9)&/%fb/)

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    %$rrg&9).rb%l+bgii

    = 79. 4l" Mgh "b stlrb grrg +grdgcib dh admtdlhgr dh =Q

    $hs"br '

    d% g

    g < grrg,0,5,C)

    ]bt a < mrbgtblc*bmt&/]mrdptdhj.dmtdlhgr/)

    a.$aa /%fb/, g

    prdht a&/%fb/)&9)

    = 77. Zngt ds "dh0# $D gha nl" tl usb dt dh =Q

    $hs"br '

    "dh0# $D ds gh $D tngt mgh cb usba tl pbr!lr% ad!!brbht ga%dhdstrgtd+b tgsfs. Dt ngs %gh ZD:0#

    migssbs idfb Zdh0#Rrlmbss btm.

    >bil" ;xg%pib usba Zdh0# $D dh =Q tl milsb tnb prlmbss c dts hg%b.

    Abt tnb Z?D lc*bmt

    ]bt Z?D < btc*bmt&/"dh%j%ts(ilmginlstrlltmd%+#/)

    Abt mliibmtdlh l! prlmbssbs !lr "dtn hg%b phg%b

    ]bt giip < Z?D.;xbm=ubr&/]bibmt _ !rl% Zdh0#Rrlmbss Znbrb :g%b < A/ phg%b /A/)

    A@llp tnrlujn bgmn prlmbss gha tbr%dhgtb dt

    -lr ;gmn p dh giip

    p.Qbr%dhgtb&)

    :bxt

    Qnds ds nl" "b mgh usb "dh0# $D dh =Q.

    Nlw tl `btmn agtg `rle agtgcgsb dh WQ[

    ]bt ac < mrbgtblc*bmt&/$>.Mlhhbmtdlh/)

    ac.pbh /rl+dabr

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    A

    A

    A

    Qbst;haQd%b

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    7;; WQ[ Dhtbrvdbw WubstdlhsQnds qubstdlhhgdrb ds advdaba dhtl Cbjdhhbr gha Gavghmb qubstdlhs. D` ylu grb prl`dmdbht dh WQ[ sfdp tl

    Wubstdlh # 2; nbrb. Qnlujn, wb rbmleebha rbgadhj GII qubstdlhs, gs dt wdii prbp ylu up `lr dhtbrvdbw

    7) Zndmn bhvdrlhebhts grb supplrtba cy WQ[

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    @lrbelst ylu wdii sbibmt Ogvg Gaa - Dh gha iguhmn WQ[. Hbxt stbp rbmlra lpbrgtdlhs lh tnb Ogvg Qrbb. D`

    ylu `gmb gh dssub wndib rbmlradhj, ylu mgh sbibmt Qllis 8 Lcobmt Dabhtd`dmgtdlh 8 Ogvg, trbb lcobmt gha

    egfb mnghjbs dh eghagtlry gha gssdstdvb prlpbrtdbs tl bhgcib dabhtd`dmgtdlh.

    Qdp? Tlu mgh cgsb ylu ghswbr lh sdedigr idhbs `lr ghy ltnbr lcobmt l` ghy bhvdrlhebht. @lr bxgepib ? D`

    tnb qubstdlh ds nlw wdii mnbmf ]G[ mnbmfclx , Tlu sgy , `drst D wdii sbibmt ]G[ Gaa dh ... gha sl lh.

    0) Bxpigdh nlw WQ[ dabhtd`dbs lcobmt

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    3) Mgii tl Bxdstdhj Gmtdlh. - Dh tnds, Lcobmt Sbplsdtlry , ]mrdpt gha Agtgcib wdii HLQ cb mlpdba cut g

    mgii (rb`brbhmb) wluia cb egab tl tnb Gmtdlh dh tnb slurmb smrdpt.

    4) Zngt grb Pdrtugi Lcobmts

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    73) Zngt ds absmrdptdvb prljrgeedhj

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    Bxgepib ? ]bt DB 5 MrbgtbLcobmt("DhtbrhbtBxpilrbr.Gppidmgtdlh")

    70) Mgh ylu swdtmn cbtwbbh [br-Gmtdlh gha ]ngrba Lcobmt Sbplsdtlry < D` ybs nlw

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    D` pgrgebtbrdzba, tbxt lutput vgiubs wdii mgpturb vgiubs gppbgrdhj dh bgmn dtbrgtdlh wndmn wluia cb stlrba

    dh tnb ruh-tdeb agtg tgcib `lr `urtnbr ghgiysds.

    33) Zngt ds ]tbp Jbhbrgtlr

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    Bhvdrlhebht.Pgiub( "hgeb") 5 "Juru44"

    Tlu mgh Sbtrdbvb tnb Bhvdrlhebht Pgrdgcib usdhj `liilwdhj syhtgx

    Bhvdrlhebht.Pgiub("hgeb") -- Qnds wdii rbtruh hgeb gs Juru44

    Bhvdrlhebht.Pgiub("L]") -- Qnds wdii rbturh ylur systbe L]

    3:) Zngt ds tnb Ad``brbhmb cbtwbbh Cdtegp Mnbmf pldht & Degjb Mnbmf pldht) Zngt ds tnb ad``brbhmb cbtwbbh `uhmtdlhs gha gmtdlhs dh WQ[

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    2) Suh ylur Qbsts - Dh tnds pngsb ylu wdii pbr`lre tnb gmtugi bxbmutdlh l` ylur Qbst ]mrdpt.

    0) Ghgiyzdhj tnb tbst rbsuits - Lhmb tbst ruh ds mlepibtb, ylu wdii ghgiyzb tnb rbsuits dh tnb Qbst @usdlh

    rbplrt jbhbrgtba.

    :) Sbplrtdhj ab`bmts - Ghy dhmdabhts dabhtd`dba hbbas tl cb rbplrtba. D` ylu grb usdhj Wugidty Mbhtbr ,

    ab`bmts mgh cb gutlegtdmgiiy rgdsba `lr `gdiba tbsts dh WQ[.

    =7) Zngt grb tnb ad``brbht typbs l` Qbst Gutlegtdlh @rgebwlrfs

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    a) AH] hgeb

    Tlu mgh mlab tnb agtgcgsb mlhhbmtdvdty mleegha adrbmtiy lr ylu mgh usb tnb ]WIWubry tlli prlvdaba

    cy WQ[.

    =0) Zngt ds WQ[ cgtmn tbstdhj tlli

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    Bx.

    Ade tbep 'Zdii abmigrb tnb tbep vgrdgcib

    ]bt tbep 5 3; ' Zdii gssdjh g vgiub 3; tl tbep.

    17) Zngt ds JbtSl[rlpbrty

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    1>) Zngt ds tnb Gmtdlh Mlhvbrsdlh Qlli

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    "y]nbii51ltnd%#2

    Qnb lutput wdii cb .CGQ6.MEA6.PC]6. PCB6. O]6. O]B

    Ltnbr usbr vgrdgcib, idfb QBE[, lvbrwrdtb tnbdr systbe mluhtbrpgrt

    ]bt "y]nbii 5 MrbgtbLcobmt( Z]mrdpt.]nbii )

    Z]mrdpt.-mnl "y]nbii.-,pg%a-%vdrl%"b%t]trd%#s( 3-E;5/3-E;/ )

    "y]nbii51ltnd%#

    Qnb lutput wdii cb

    QBE[?M?YALMREB~7YTluYILMGI]~7YQbep

    2=) Ebhtdlh tnb stbps rbqudrba dh R@Q tl sbha egdi `rle lutillf<

    Ql sbha egdi `rle lutillf dh R@Q,

    ]bt Lutill! 5 MrbgtbLcobmt (Lutill!.7ppidmgtdl%)

    0d" Ebssg#b :7s Lutill!.Egdi>tb"

    ]bt Ebssg#b 5 Lutill!.Mrbgtb>tb"(liEgdi>tb")

    Zdtn Ebssg#b

    .]ucobmt 5 ]ucobmt

    .3E4?lay 5 3b,t?lay

    .Sbmdpdb%ts.7aa (g3l)

    Ml%st liLrd#d%gtlr 5 6

    .]b%a

    -%a Zdtn

    21) Bxpigdh nlw ylu mgh `btmn agtg `rle agtgcgsb dh R@Q

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    Alr d56 tl daJN

    ;rd%t rst.dbia (6) D rst.dbias (N) D rst.dbias (O) D rst.dbias (@)

    rst.Elvb%b,t

    1b,t

    22) Zngt grb tnb mlabs wb mgh usb tl jbt `dibs `rle `tp sbrvbr dh R@Q

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    ]bt 5 Al.lpb%3b,tAdib (mK+"yAdib.t,t2I2trub) : lpb% d% &rdtb "lab

    .Zrdtb (ml%tb%ts)

    .Milsb

    ]bt 5 %ltnd%#

    0;) Nlw tl wrdtb agtg tl bxmbi `dib dh R@Q

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    Agtg Ardvbh @rgebwlrf?Dt ds usba tl tbst sgeb `ilw wdtn ad``brbht tbst agtg, tbst agtg ds jdvbh

    elrb deplrtghmb tngh euitdpib `uhmtdlhgidty l` gppidmgtdlh

    Nycrda @rgebwlrf?Dt ds g mlecdhgtdlh l` agtg ardvbh `rgebwlrf gha fbywlra.01) Znbh wb snluia usb absmrdptdvb prljrgeedhj dh R@Q

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    $rrg dmtdlhgr

    hg%dm grrg ds plssdcib Qnbrb ds hl mlhmbpt l! ahg%dm admtdlhgr

    ]dIb l! grrg %ust cb sbt cb!lrb tnb usb l!

    grrgQnb sdIb l! admtdlhgr al hlt hbba tl cb sbt

    Zb ng+b tl usb rbad% stgtb%bht cb!lrb

    gaadhj bxtrg bib%bht dhtl ahg%dm grrg

    Ql gaa bxtrg bib%bht tnbrb ds hl hbba tl

    "rdtb gh stgtb%bht. Zb *ust usb gaa %btnla

    Qnbrb ds hl pgrtdmuigr %btnla tl rbibgsb tnb

    %b%lr d! pgrtdmuigr bib%bht ds hlt rbLudrba

    ;ib%bht "ndmn ds hlt rbLudrba gh ilhjbr

    mgh cb rb%l+ba !rl% tnb admtdlhgr

    0>) Zngt ds rluha `uhmtdlh dh R@Qa

    Ey-,mbi.&lr!snbbts(N).Mbiis(N2O).$giub 5 ]mb%grdl 1g"b

    Ey-,mbi.&lr!snbbts(N).Mliu"%s(N).Mliu"%Zdatn 5 N6

    Ey-,mbi.&lr!snbbts(N).Mliu"%s(O).Mliu"%Zdatn 5 6

    Ey-,mbi.&lr!snbbts(N).Mliu"%s(@).Mliu"%Zdatn 5 O6

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    Ey-,mbi.&lr!snbbts(N).Mliu"%s().Mliu"%Zdatn 5 O6

    Ey-,mbi.]gvb7s mK+#uruGG.,is,

    Ey-,mbi.milsb

    lco-,mbi.Hudt

    ci%Aig# 5 Agisb

    :3) Bxpigdh dh wngt wgys wb mgh bxplrt agtgtgcib tl bxmbi dh R@Q

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    Qnbrb grb tnrbb typbs l` brrlr tngt lhb wdii `gmb dh R@Q

    g) ]yhtgx Brrlrs

    c) Iljdmgi Brrlrs

    m) Suhtdeb Brrlrs

    :2) Zngt grb tnb wgys ylu mgh nghaib ruh tdeb brrlrs

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    :4) Nlw tl gaa syhmnrlhdsgtdlh pldhts dh WQ[;) Dh WQ[ bxpigdh wngt ds mrypt lcobmt

    Mrypt lcobmt dh WQ[ ds usba tl bhmrypt g strdhjs.

    ]yhtgx

    Mrypt.Bhmrypt(Juru44)

    Bxgepib ?

    Dh tnds bxgepib, vgiub dh pwa vgrdgcib ds bhmryptba usdhj tnb Mrypt. Bhmrypt ebtnla.

    Qnbh tnds bhmryptba vgiub ds bhtbrba dhtl badtclx.

    p&a5 "yvgiub

    p&a 5 Mrypt.-%mrypt (p&a)

    ?rl&sbr("yc).Zd%-adt (p&a). ]bt]bmurb p&a

    >7) Ebhtdlh wngt ds tnb ad``brbhmb cbtwbbh Bxmbmutb `dib gha ilga`uhmtdlh idcrgry 3) Bxpigdh nlw ylu mgh `dha ibhjtn l` grrgy dh WQ[=) Ebhtdlh wngt grb tnb ad``brbht typbs l` rbmlradhj elabs dh WQ[< Zndmn wdii cb usba wnbh

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    g) Hlregi elab ? Dt ds tnb ab`guit rbmlradhj elab gha usba `lr elst l` tnb gutlegtdlh gmtdvdtdbs.

    Sbjgraibss l` tnbdr plsdtdlh lh smrbbh dt rbmljhdzbs lcobmts.

    c) Ilw ibvbi rbmlradhj elab? Dt ds usb`ui `lr rbmlradhj lcobmts hlt dabhtd`dba cy hlregi elab l` WQ[.

    Dt rbmlras tnb bxgmt x,y mllradhgtbs l` ylur elusb lpbrgtdlhs.

    m) Ghgilj elab? Qnds elab ds usb`ui `lr tnb lpbrgtdlh sumn gs rbmlradhj sdjhgturb, argwdhj g pdmturb,

    argj gha arlp lpbrgtdlh.

    >1) Dh wngt wgys ylu mgh mgii `rle lhb gmtdlh tl ghltnbr gmtdlh2) Zngt ds Lptdlhgi stbp dh WQ[ < Nlw ylu mgh gaa lptdlhgi stbp dh WQ[0) Nlw tl ab`dhb grrgy dh WQ[:) Nlw ylu mgh wrdtb mlhtbxts tl tbxt `dib dh WQ[

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    Ml%tb%t 5

    1b,t

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    Gmtdlh ; ds mrbgtba cy ab`guit wnbh ylu mrbgtb g hbw tbst dh WQ[ gilhj wdtn gmtdlh 7. Ql abtbredhb tnb

    sbqubhmb dh wndmn wb mgii ltnbr gmtdlhs 7,3,= btm. gmtdlh ; ds usba.

    4=) Bxpigdh nlw ylu mgh rbpigmb strdhj dh WQ[

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    -,g"pibJ g5 JN

    ;rd%t gcs(g) lutput &dii cb N

    Qnds mlab wdii `dha tnb gcsliutb vgiub l` g huecbr

    4>) Nlw ylu mgh mnbmf d` pgrgebtbr bxdsts dh Agtgtgcib

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    wbcsdtb, wdii usb tbxt - tl -spbbmn mlhvbrtbrs gha gt ibgst uhabrstgha wngt tnb degjb ds gclut d` hlt sbb dt.

    Gii tnbsb stghagras grb mnbmfba cy Gmmbssdcdidty Mnbmfpldhts.