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Publishing in Publishing in Science:Science:Outliers, Outliers,
Closers, & Closers, & LeadersLeaders
Publishing in Publishing in Science:Science:Outliers, Outliers,
Closers, & Closers, & LeadersLeaders
Pamela J. Hines, Ph.D.Pamela J. Hines, Ph.D.Senior EditorSenior Editor
SCIENCE, AAASSCIENCE, AAAS
Washington DCWashington DC
2
WHO publishes in and reads Science
WHERE are authors and readers
WHAT to publish in Science
WHEN is the research ready
HOW to publish in Science
WHY is it worth the effort
3
Content from a variety of sources
Content usually - but not always - invited by the editors
Perspectives
Review Articles
Special Issues
Editorials
Book reviews
Content welcome
- from anyone, anywhere, of any age, without any previous agreement Research papers
Research ArticlesReportsBrevia
Letters to the Editor Technical Comments
WHO publishes in and reads Science
Content usually written by staff
The news pages
.
4
Professional sectors: Readers: All AAAS members get Science
Academia
Non-profit
Industry
Teaching
Policy
Other6%
Independent consult.
4%Nonprofit org.6%
Government8%
Health care8%
Industry18%
Academic50%
Crossover rate: 42% of non-industry readers are nonetheless involved with industry
WHERE are authors and readers
5
19%
81%
non-US
US
Geographical locations: Readers: All AAAS members get Science
4%
9%
29%
50%
1%0.1% 2%
3%2%
West Indies
Africa
Central America
Middle East
South Pacific
South America
Canada
Asia
Europe
~ 20% non-US
Of non-US subscribers,~ 50% in Europe
WHERE are authors and readers
6
Research papers are submitted from all around the worldAuthors need not be subscribers or AAAS members
Africa
Central America
South America
Australia
Middle East
Scandinavia
Canada
China
UK
Other Asia
Europe
USA
WHERE are authors and readers
7
Research papers are published in all topics
WHAT to publish in Science
8
What helps
Work that represents a large step forward
Solution to long-standing problem
Broad implications
Overturns conventional wisdom
Clear presentation
Interesting to specialists
Accessible to non-specialists
Optimizes the use of Science formats
WHAT to publish in Science
9
What doesn’t matter The eminence of the authors
The age of the authors
The prestige of the institution
Whether you contacted Science before submitting
Whether you are from the USA
Whether you are a member of AAAS
The field of inquiry
WHAT to publish in Science
10
What hurts The LPU Excessive or unfounded speculation Repeat examples of a known phenomenon Insufficient advance over previously published work
WHAT to publish in Science
Topic is not of broad interest
Result is too small of an advance
Conclusions are not convincing
Interpretations are poorly supported
Insufficient mechanistic insight
Insufficient evidence of relevance
Common reasons for manuscript rejection
11
Papers in Science are or are not like other papers in Science?
Features of papers that might be similar Importance
Impact
Clarity
Language
Text length
Format
Supplements exist
Features of papers that might be different Topic
Technology
Methods
Domain
Authors
Locations
Country
Research sites
WHAT to publish in Science
12
How to define quality?
Science looks for
Outliers
Closers
Leaders
WHEN is the research ready
Common reasons for acceptance
Important question
Interesting or unexpected answer
Great science!
13
Think like reviewers and editors: The importance
If the interpretation is correct, would this paper be interesting enough?
The data Robust data?
Appropriate controls?
Original approach?
The presentation Well written text?
Well organized argumentation?
Thoughtful discussion?
Formats suitable for the journal (length, figures, references, sections) ?
HOW to publish in Science
14
“Learning the Ropes of Peer Reviewing” by E. Pain, in Science Careers web site, August 15, 2008
Assess scientific rigor, significance, relevance, originality Confirm that you -
Have the relevant technical knowledge Can meet the time limit Are free from conflicts of interest
Support your opinions with evidence and clear arguments Offer advice for improvement Clarify which improvements are necessary, and which are optional Be kind and gracious to the author
HOW to publish in Science
15
“What Editors Want”by L. Worsham, in the Chronicle of Higher Education, Sept. 8, 2008
Only submit work appropriate for that journal.
Replicate the style and tone of work from that journal in your own article.
Follow the journal’s style guide and submission rules.
Submit content free of errors.
Place your work in the context of articles in the field.
Accept rejection: “Competition is fierce, so maintain a positive attitude.”
L. Worsham is a professor of English.
HOW to publish in Science
16
Submitting a manuscript to Science
Should you enquire before? (“presub inquiry”)
Submit the manuscript
Through Science’s web site
Instructions to Authors, length limits, & SOM
If manuscript is rejected, should you appeal?
If manuscript is viewed favorably, should you revise?
HOW to publish in Science
17
Over 200 manuscripts submitted each week
Editorial and BoRE analysis
Advice from reviewers
Editorial analysis, revisions, re-review, & editing
Publication in Science
25% 75%
7% 93%Manuscript
rejected
HOW to publish in Science
What happens to your manuscript?
18
About Science and AAAS AAAS, founded in 1848 in Philadelphia with about
400 initial members.
AAAS: American Association for the Advancement of Science
Science, founded in 1880 by Thomas Edison, became the official journal of AAAS in 1900.
Science retains editorial independence.
AAAS is a non-profit organization (www.aaas.org).
AAAS goals are to advance science and serve society through initiatives in:
science policy
international programs
science education
WHY is it worth the effort?
19
The rejection rate is tough:
WHY is it worth the effort?
~3%
75%
18%
~4%
20
Science is in over 1400 libraries and universities around the world
Site licenses make the journal broadly available online Over a hundred thousand individuals have personal
subscriptions And they usually pass their copy on to on average 7
other people
Total readership, print plus on-line,
~1 million people every week
Rapid targeted international growth About 28,000 subscriptions outside the US Subscriptions doubled in the past ten years Fastest growth in Asia and South America
But the visibility is great:
WHY is it worth the effort?
21
Access to Science papers
Original research is freely available with registration 1 year after publication
Self-archiving: If an author’s grant agency or institution requires deposition after 6 months in a public repository (such as PubMedCentral) the accepted version can be posted with a link to the final version of the paper in Science
Authors can link to the final version from their website for free access
WHY is it worth the effort?
22
The Science family includes: Science Signaling
Science Translational Medicine
Science Careers
New
WHAT to publish in Science et al.
23
The editors at Science
24
The American Association for the Advancement of Science
AAAS seeks to advance science and innovation throughout the world for the benefit of all people.
http://www.aaas.org/
Future meetings
Washington, D.C. 17-21 February 2011
Vancouver, Canada 16-20 February 2012
Boston, MA 14-18 February 2013