Public Health Nurse Orientationacademic.son.wisc.edu/wphn-orientation/envhealth/... · • Environmental health advocacy must be rooted in scientific integrity, honesty, respect for

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Human Health Hazards and Other Environmental Health

Module 5

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Public Health Nurse Orientation

Public Health Nurse OrientationHuman Health Hazards and

Other Environmental Health IssuesWritten by:

Rebecca Hovarter, BSN, RNNortheast Region Public Health Nursing Consultant

Karen Morris, BSN, RNWestern Region Public Health Nursing Consultant

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Timothy Ringhand, MPH, RNWestern Region Public Health Nursing Consultant

Presenter:Rebecca Hovarter, BSN, RN

Northeast Region Public Health Nursing Consultant

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State Administrative Rule Requirements (HFS 140.04)

All local health departments shall assume leadership for developing and maintaining the public health system for their area of jurisdiction and shall provide or arrange for the provision of at least the following services:

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• Provide a generalized public health nursing program • Prevent and control communicable disease• Prevent other diseases• Promote health• Abate and remove human health hazards

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Overview of the Module

Section I:• Environmental Health in WisconsinSection II:• Environmental Health Resources

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Section III:• Environmental Health PrinciplesSection IV:• The Public Health Nurse’s Role

Public Health Nurse OrientationHuman Health Hazards and Other Environmental Health

Section I

Environmental Health in Wisconsin

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Environmental Health in Wisconsin

Learning Objective:

After completing the module, participants should be able to:Id tif th bli h lth i t l h lth

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• Identify the public health environmental health programs in Wisconsin.

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What is abatement or removal of human health hazards?

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Public Health Interventions

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Environmental Health Terms and Definitions

• Abatement• Absorption• Acute• Acute exposure• Adverse health effect• Ambient• Carcinogen • Chronic• Chronic exposure

• Groundwater• Hazard• Hazardous waste• Human Health Hazard• Ingestion• Inhalation• Minimal risk level (MRL)• Plume. • Point of exposure

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• Chronic exposure• Concentration• Contaminant• Detection limit• Dose • Environmental media• Environmental media and transport

mechanism• EPA• Exposure• Exposure assessment • Exposure pathway

p• Risk• Route of exposure• Sample • Safe• Site inspection• Source of contamination• Surface water• Toxic agent• Toxicological profile• Volatile organic compound (VOC)

Wisconsin Statutes: Environmental Health

• Wisconsin Statute Chapter 254 directs environmental health programs

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Division of Public HealthBureau of Environmental and

Occupational Health

Division of Public Health

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Bureau ofEnvironmental

and Occupational Health

Health Hazard Evaluation

Lead and Asbestos Food Safety andRecreational Licensing

Radiation Protection


Section II

Environmental Health Resources

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Environmental Health Resources

Learning Objective:

After completing the section, participants should be able to:Id tif i t l h lth

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• Identify environmental health resources available at the local, state, and national levels.

Environmental Health Resources• Air Issues (Indoor and

Outdoor) • Asthma • Chemical Emergencies • Children's Health • Disaster Health and Safety

Tips

• Home Safety Tips • Human Health Hazards • Lead Poisoning Prevention • Licensing and Inspection of

Food and Recreational Establishments

• Mercury Hazards

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Tips • Eating Safe Fish• Environmental Health

Resource Directory• Environmental Public Health

Tracking • Food Safety • WI Health Consultations and

Public Health Assessments

Mercury Hazards • Mosquito and Tick Control • Occupational Health • Radiation Protection • Toxic Chemical Fact Sheets • Water Issues• Your Community Connection

Website: http://dhfs.wisconsin.gov/eh/

Environmental Health Resources• Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources

http://dnr.wi.gov/• Environmental Protection Agency

http://www.epa.gov/newsroom/• Center for Disease Control and Prevention

http://www cdc gov/Environmental/

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http://www.cdc.gov/Environmental/• Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/2p-data-resources.html• National Center for Environmental Health

http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/• National Center for Occupational Safety and Health

http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/

Health Hazard Evaluation Section

18Website: http://dhfs.wisconsin.gov/eh/

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Lead & Asbestos Section

19Website: http://dhfs.wisconsin.gov/lead

Food Safety and Recreational Licensing Section

20Website: http://dhfs.wisconsin.gov/eh/

Radiation Protection Section

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Website: http://dhfs.wisconsin.gov/eh/


Section III

Environmental Health Principles

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Environmental Health Principles

Learning Objective:

After completing the section, participants should be able to:

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• Describe the basic principles of environmental health

What is Environmental Health?

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Principles of Environmental Health

• Promote health and quality of life• Protect the public from health hazards• Protect the environment from contamination

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Environmental Health Principles for Public Health Nursing

• Safe and sustainable environments are essential conditions for the public’s health.

• Environmental health is integral to the role and responsibilities of allpublic health nurses.

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• All public health nurses should possess environmental health knowledge and skills.

• Environmental health decisions should be grounded in sound science.

• The Precautionary Principle is a fundamental tenet for all environmental health endeavors.

• Environmental justice is a right of all populations.

Environmental Health Principles for Public Health Nursing Continued

• Public awareness and community involvement are essential in environmental health decision-making.

• Communities have a right to relevant and timely information for decisions on environmental health.

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• Environmental health approaches should respect diverse values, beliefs, cultures, and circumstances.

• Collaboration is essential to effectively protect the health of all people from environmental harm.

• Environmental health advocacy must be rooted in scientific integrity, honesty, respect for all persons, and social justice.

• Environmental health research addressing the effectiveness and public health impact of nursing interventions should be conducted and disseminated.

Epidemiology Overview

Environment

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Agent Host

The Chain of Infection

ReservoirCausative

Agent

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SusceptibleHost

Portal ofExit

Mode ofTransmission

Portal ofEntry

Environmental Health Skills

• Assessment

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• Management

• Communication

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• Assessmentinformation gathering

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– information gathering– data analysis – evaluation


• Assessment– information gathering– data analysis – evaluation

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• Management – problem solving– project management – reporting

Environmental Health Skills• Assessment

– information gathering– data analysis – evaluation

• Management– problem solving

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– problem solving– project management – reporting

• Communication – education– risk communication – conflict resolution– marketing


Section IV

Environmental Health and the Public

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Environmental Health and the Public Health Nurse’s Role

Learning Objective:

After completing the section, participants should be able to:R i th bli h lth ’ l d

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• Recognize the public health nurse’s role and skills needed when performing environmental health related activities

Public Health Nurses and Environmental Health

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Human Health Hazards

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39Evans, R. G., & Stoddart, G. L. (1990). Producing health, consuming health care. Social Science and Medicine, 31, 1347-1363. 40


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Public Health Nursing Interventions

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Lead Exposure

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Lead Exposure: Resources

Wisconsin Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention & Control Handbook

•Blood Lead Testing of Children•Nutrition

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Nutrition•Pregnancy & Breastfeeding•Public Health Intervention for Lead Poisoning•Sources of Lead Exposure•Treatment of Lead Poisoning

Website: http://dhfs.wisconsin.gov/lead

Lead Exposure: Resources

Wisconsin Lead Information:•Product Alerts•Wisconsin Lead Poisoning Information•Knowing the Health Risks of Lead Exposure•Training & Certification

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Training & Certification•Protecting Children from Lead Exposure•Creating Lead-Safe Housing•Tools and Resources•Center for Disease Control and Prevention Lead Poisoning Prevention Program•Managing Elevated Blood Lead Levels Among Young Children: Recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention (2002)

Public Health Nurse Interventions:Disease and Health Event

Investigation“Disease and health event investigation

systematically gathers and analyzes data regarding threats to the health of populations, ascertains the sources of the threat identified

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ascertains the sources of the threat, identified cases and others at risk, and determines control measures.”

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Public Health Nurse Interventions: Case Finding

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Air Quality

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Air Quality: Outdoor Wood Burners

52http://dhfs.wisconsin.gov/eh/HlthHaz/fs/waterstoves.htm

Air Quality: Mold• Mold Information for Consumers

– Basic Information– Mold in Your Home– Landlord/Tenant Concerns– Contractor Hiring Tips

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g p• Professional/Technical Information on Mold

– Frequently Asked Questions– Contractors/Consultants– Health Professionals– Mycotoxins Resources

Website: http://dhfs.wisconsin.gov/eh/mold/index.htm

Air Quality: Radon

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Website: http://dhfs.wisconsin.gov/dph_beh/RadonProt/index.htm

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Chemical Emergencies

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Website: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/EHN/


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Website:http://dhfs.wisconsin.gov/eh/ChemFS/index.htm

Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES)

What HSEES system information has shown:

• Approximately 9,000 hazardous substances releases occur annually in the 15 states reporting (Wisconsin is one of the 15 states).

• Releases at facilities account for 70%–75%, and transportation-

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, passociated releases account for 25%–30%, of reported events.

• Most releases occur on weekdays between 6 AM and 6 PM. • Releases tend to increase in spring and summer. • Releases of hazardous substances most often injure employees,

followed by the general public and—less frequently—first responders and school children.

• Respiratory irritation and eye irritation are the most commonly reported symptom or injury.

“Meth Labs”

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Website: http://dhfs.wisconsin.gov/eh/ChemFS/fs/MethClnUp.htm#What


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Poison Control Center 1-800-222-1222.

Foodborne and Waterborne Outbreaks

Foodborne Outbreak:2 or more persons experience a similar illness

after ingestion of a common food

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Foodborne and Waterborne Disease Outbreak Investigation Manual

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Water

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Website; http://dnr.wi.gov/org/water/dwg/

Mercury

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Recreational Water Safety

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Your EnvironmentLatex Allergies

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Website: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/98-113.html

Your Safety

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AcknowledgmentsThis program was developed through a partnership between the Wisconsin Department of Health Services and the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Nursing through the “Linking Education and Practice for Excellence in Public Health Nursing Project” funded by DHHS/HRSA/#D11HP07731.

This module would not have been possible without the input of the many public health nurses in academia and practice across the State of Wisconsin who contributed to this program. We would like to give special thanks to the those

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p g g pwho provided content review of this module.

Expert consultation for this module was provided by:Reghan Walsh, Lead and Asbestos Program, Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Health, Division of Public Health

Documents

Public Health Nurse Orientationacademic.son.wisc.edu/wphn-orientation/envhealth/... · • Environmental health advocacy must be rooted in scientific integrity, honesty, respect for