PT13: Social Action

T H E C A S E F O R A S Y L UM S OURC I N G S E R V I C E B L I N d TA S T E T E S Tissue thirteenPRESENTENSE

jewish life: here and now

Jewish social action now

engaging and inspiring the world

FOOD, FAITH, AND JUSTICEwhat's your grocery story?

www.presentense.org

SPRING 2011 $6.95THE JEWISH SERVICE MECCA

new orleans and the jewish community

THEORY OF RELEVANCY a new reality

issue thirteen 20112

ptRead it Online

A ChAnCe to PlAyencounter with sudanese refugee>> lee frankel-goldwater

A sign of hope: Arava Institute for Envi-ronmental Studies students work with Sudanese refugee children.

lAté’s PlAysargentinian tzedek theater>> eve goldfinger

Judeo-VegAnismwhat’s on your plate?>> david bookbinder and benjamin barer

the ACtion of inACtionshabbat as social transformation>> jonathan shefa

orgAnizing in ChAosisraeli activism>> yoav sivan

A smAll World?the ghana-uk connection>> ruth newman and sam greene

tikkun nePAla jewish opportunity>> caylee talpert

Tevel B’Tzedek volunteers pack their bags, put their lives on hold, and set off to live in a mud house in an impoverished Nepali town.

doing Well by doing goodsocially responsible investing>>joe gelpe

10 dAys in reVersebringing israelis to the us>> jason langsner

WhAt’s the reCiPe?challah for hunger hits campus>> daniel cohen

Cost of An eduCAtionfootsteps lead beyond the hareidi world>> lani santo

PitCh An ideA

how does your garden grow?>> jonathan mann

old And neW World

community in crisis>> arieh s. rosenblum

the ChAsidiC Poet

profile of yehoshua november>> diane reich

Community of bezAlel

kids get creative with the arts>> adam jacobs

dePortAtion And identitya jewish-cambodian exchange>> julia baskin

Transplanted from rural rice farms to inner city projects, often illiterate, and traumatized by genocide, the Cambo-dian-American community meets the American Jewish community in Chicago.

presentense.org/magazine

issue thirteen 2011 1

18 PreserVing memory, heAling trAumAstorying as social action>> leah varsano and tamar toledano

35 lessons from indiAa new context for community organizing>> abby bellows

38 direCt serViCe or Community orgAnizing?choosing a model for change>> rachel van thyn

40 JeWs And soCiAl JustiCecomplicating the narrative, learning from our past>> judith rosenbaum

42 sPirituAlity And ACtiVismmeditating on change>> alison laichter

Features

editor and publisher Ariel Beery

managing editor Deborah Fishman

social action steering committee Simone Abel, Mollie Gerver, Hamutal Gillo, Farrah Green, Anya Manning, Rachel Olstein, Maya Politis, David Russell

arts editor Emily K. Alhadeff

associate editors Marc Bailes, Rachel Berger, Josh Fialkoff, David Krantz, Devorah Matkowsky, Dalia Wolfson

assistant editors Eric Ackland, Kara Bookbinder, Ilya Fischhoff, Cara Frazin, Jeremy Gillick, Roben Kantor, Samantha Pohl, Raeefa Shams, Margaret Stoner, Lianna Wolfson

peer editors Julia Baskin, Lee Frankel-Goldwater, Michael Getty, Katie Goldstein, Arieh S. Rosenblum, Leah Varsano, Benjamin Weisberger

copy editors Miriam Bader, Nathan Fein, Paula Garshowitz, Rachel Krauser, Maya Norton, Aimee Weiss

art director Elke Reva Sudinassistant art director Jerrin Kay

photography director Naomi Zeidman

photographers Abby Bellows, Laura Berger, Caitrin Gladow, Rudi Halbright, Leah Mendyk, Blair Elizabeth Nosan, Wallace Roberts, Amy West

advertising and circulation director Simi Hindenbusiness team Melissa Meyers

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 543 Howard Street, 5th Floor, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA.Creative Commons: We think the Creative Commons approach to content is smart because it gives creators flexibility in their licensing choices and it allows for seamless sharing of content. At PresenTense, our exclusive rights to content expire after no more than 120 days. At that time, we encourage our authors and photographers to adopt a CC license for their work.

CCWWW.Presentense.orgISSN:1939-249X

PresenTense is an international grassroots effort to inspire and enable socially-minded pioneering amongst the Jewish People, and this Magazine is made possible by a network of contributors around the world.

PresenTense Magazine is an all volunteer effort with 501(c)3 nonprofit status, and supports itself by selling advertising and group subscriptions. If you would like to reach a young Jewish audience through our pages, subscribe to our publication, or purchase a bulk order for your organization or event, please contact Simi Hinden at [email protected].

If you would like to support PresenTense in its mission to enrich Jewish life, please make checks payable to the PresenTense Group, Inc. noting “magazine” in the memo line. Checks can be mailed to: PresenTense Group, Inc. 131 West 86th Street, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10024.

PresenTense accepts submissions, pitches, and letters to the editor by email: [email protected].

Letters to the editorholy CheVre: An eCo-friendly goAt CheeseWe loved the article about our delicious cheese in the Fall 2010 issue of Pre-sentense. One correction- We’re located in the town of Falls Village, Con-necticut. If you’re ever in the area, be sure to come by and meet the goats!

megan Jensen, isabella freedman Jewish retreat Center.

errata

Community PittsburghBecky Voorwinde is 30, not 26, years old and her title at the time was direc-tor of alumni engagement, not alumni coordinator. She is now co-director of the Bronfman Youth Fellowships.

sPotlight on JeWCologyROI is a sponsor of Jewcology, in addition to COEJL, Hazon, the Religious Action Center of Reform Judaism, Canfei Nesharim, the Shalom Center, and the Green Zionist Alliance.

Cover: Caylee Talpert volunteering on Tevel B’Tzedek in Nepal. Photo provided by Caylee Talpert.

Geared up to march! Photo by Amy West.

Contents presentense.org/magazine


Emily K. Alhadeff

Melissa Meyers

Tara Lyn Gordon

Eve Goldfinger

Adam Jacobs

Chamutal Gillo

Yoav Sivan

Suzanne Lipkin

Melissa Scholten

Bradley Cohen

Bailie Aaron

David Dobin

David Lasday

David Kramer

Marla Gamoran

Tova Speter

Paula GarshowitzMiriam Leibowitz

Rachel Van Thyn

Elke Reva Sudin

Cheryl Berkowitz

Jerrin Kay

Deborah Fishman

Simone Abel

Julia Baskin

David Brown

David Russell

BenjaminWeisberger

Rachel Berger Judith Rosenbaum Abby Bellows

Samantha Pohl Joshua Lichtman Moshe Kornfeld

Adam SimonLee Frankel-Goldwater

Roben Kantor

Nathan Fein Asher Weiss

Margaret Stoner

Caylee TalpertRachel Krauser

Yaron Edell

Ilya Fischhoff

Joe Gelpe

Simi Hinden

Naomi Zeidman

Ariel Beery

Leah VarsanoAnya Manning

Cara Frazin Mollie Gerver

Maya Norton Jonathan Shefa

Marc Bailes Adina SipermanMiriam Bader

TamarToledano

Raeefa Shams

Jason Langsner

Aimee Weiss

Alison Laichter

Farrah Green

Maya Politis

Lianna Wolfson Jonathan Mann

Kara Bookbinder David Bookbinder Benjamin Barer

Devorah Matkowsky

Dalia Wolfson

Simcha Schwartz

Rachel Olstein

Elissa Beth Shevinsky

Daniel Cohen Dori Frumin Kirschner Meredith Polsky

Ezra Shanken

Josh Fialkoff Laura Berger Arieh S. Rosenblum

Lani Santo

Jakir Manela Dan Kieval

Jeremy Gillick Michael Getty Liz Kohn Dyonna Ginsburg

Ruth Newman

Sam Greene

Nathan Fein ed

ited a sto

ry abo

u t hunger by Asher Weiss, who was advised by Chamutal Gillo. Chamutal G

illo ad

vised Yo

av Sivan on a sto

ry abo

ut Israeli vs. Am

erican activism. A

dina Sip

erman w

rote a st ory about Mexico, edited by Marc Bailes and Miriam Bader. Miriam Bader edited a profile by Raeefa S

ham

s. Raeefa Shams e

d ited a story about reverse Mifgash in DC by Jas

on

Lang

sner

. Mir

iam

Bad

er a

nd R

ob

en K

anto

r ed

ited

a s

tory

ab

out

New

Orl

eans

by

Tam

ar T

ole

dan

o a

nd L

eah

Va

rs

ano, who edited a profile b

y Benjam

in Weisb

erger, ad

vised b

y Anya M

anning.

Sam

anth

a Po

hl e

dite

d a story about New Orleans by Joshua Lichtman and Moshe Kornfeld. Suzanne Lipkin edited a book review by Emily K. Alh

ade

ff. E

mily

K. A

lha

deff edited a book review by Suzanne Lipkin. Emily K. Alh

adef

f edi

ted the food column by Melissa Meyers, a story about A

rtists4Israel by Tara Lyn G

ord

on, a sto

ry abo

ut Arg

entina by Eve G

old

finger, and

a story ab

out creative kid

s by A

dam

Jacob

s. Rachel Van Thyn wro

te a story ab

out vo

lunteering. Paula G

arshow

it z edited a story about food justice

in N

ashv

ille

by

Mir

iam

Lei

bo

witz

. Mel

issa

Sch

olte

n in

terv

iew

ed P

rese

nTen

se F

ello

w A

ctiv

ists

Bra

dle

y C

ohe

n, B

ailie

Aar

on,

Dav

id D

ob

in, D

avid

Lasday, David Krame

r, Marla G

amo

ran and To

va Speter. Sim

one A

bel ed

ited a sto

ry abo

ut Cam

bo

dian refug

ees in Chicag

o b

y Julia Baskin, and

a story ab

out the Lo

ndo

n social actio

n scene by D

avid B

r own, who was advised by David Russell.

Josh Fialkoff edited

a st

ory

ab

out

refu

gee

s in

Isra

el by Laura Berger, and ed

ited a sto

ry abo

ut social ju

s t ice in the Hareidi community by Arieh S. Ros enb

lum

, who

ed

it ed

a st

ory about education in the Hareidi community by Lani Santo, w

ho w

as advised

by Farra

h Green. Maya Norton edited a story about Shabbat by Jonathan Shefa.M

arg

aret

Sto

ner

edite

d a

sto

ry

about Nepal by Caylee Talpert, and a profile by Rachel Krauser, w

ho

edited

a pro

file by Elissa B

eth Shevinsky, a story b

y Daniel C

ohen, and

one ab

out interview

ing Jew

ish activists by Ezra Shanken w

ho w

as advised

by A

nya Manning

.

translated a sto

ry by Yaro

n Edell.

Dev

ora

h M

atko

wsk

y and Elissa Beth Shevinsky edited a story by Dyonna Ginsburg.

Ilya Fischhoff and

Nathan Fein ed

ited a sto

ry abo

ut socially resp

onsib

le investing b

y Joe G

elpe.

Devo

rah Matko

wsky and

Dalia W

olfso

n e

d ited a story about farming by Simcha Schwartz, who

was ad

vised b

y Rachel Olstein. A

imee W

eiss edited

a story about Meditation by Alison Laichter, who was advised by Farrah Gre

en a

nd M

aya

Polit

is. B

enjamin W

eisberg

er and Rachel B

erge

r e

d ited a story about civil rights by Judith Rosenbaum, and a story about India by Abby Bellows who was advised by David Russell.

Marc Bailes edited a story about refugees by Lee Frankel-Goldw

ate

r. A

dam

Sim

on

wro

te a story edited by Lee Frankel-Goldwater and Roben Kantor.

Kar

a B

oo

kbin

der edited a story about veganism by David Bookbinder and Benjamin Barer.

Lianna Wo

lfson ed

ited a s tory about farming by Jonathan Mann. Cara Frazin edited a story about asylum seekers in Israel by Mollie Gerver.

Ruth

New

man

and

Sam

Gre

ene

wro

te a

bo

ut

tw

inni

ng U

K–A

fric

an

schools that was edited by Jeremy Gillick. Jeremy Gillick and Michael Getty edited a story by Liz Kohn.

Jakir Manela and Dan Kieval wrote a story about learning from Jewish farming laws edited by Dalia Wolfson, who edited a story by Dori Fr

umin

Kir

schn

er a

nd Meredith Polsky.

PresenTense in Action!Through the power of the network, individual connections and volunteer acts grow in impact to produce a magazine. This issue’s contributors are from:

Western United States

Southern United States

Midwest United States

Northeast United States

Canada Europe South America

Israel South Asia

Emily K. Alhadeff

Melissa Meyers

Tara Lyn Gordon

Eve Goldfinger

Adam Jacobs

Chamutal Gillo

Yoav Sivan

Suzanne Lipkin

Melissa Scholten

Bradley Cohen

Bailie Aaron

David Dobin

David Lasday

David Kramer

Marla Gamoran

Tova Speter


Rachel Van Thyn

Elke Reva Sudin

Cheryl Berkowitz

Jerrin Kay

Deborah Fishman

Simone Abel

Julia Baskin

David Brown

David Russell

BenjaminWeisberger




Roben Kantor


Margaret Stoner


Yaron Edell

Ilya Fischhoff

Joe Gelpe

Simi Hinden

Naomi Zeidman

Ariel Beery





TamarToledano

Raeefa Shams

Jason Langsner

Aimee Weiss

Alison Laichter

Farrah Green

Maya Politis



Devorah Matkowsky

Dalia Wolfson

Simcha Schwartz

Rachel Olstein



Ezra Shanken


Lani Santo



Ruth Newman

Sam Greene

Nathan Fein ed

ited a sto

ry abo


illo ad

vised Yo

av Sivan on a sto

ry abo

ut Israeli vs. Am

erican activism. A

dina Sip

erman w


ham

s. Raeefa Shams e


on

Lang

sner

. Mir

iam

Bad

er a

nd R

ob

en K

anto

r ed

ited

a s

tory

ab

out

New

Orl

eans

by

Tam

ar T

ole

dan

o a

nd L

eah

Va

rs


y Benjam

in Weisb

erger, ad

vised b

y Anya M

anning.

Sam

anth

a Po

hl e

dite


ade

ff. E

mily

K. A

lha


adef

f edi



ord

on, a sto

ry abo

ut Arg

entina by Eve G

old

finger, and

a story ab

out creative kid

s by A

dam

Jacob


te a story ab

out vo

lunteering. Paula G

arshow


in N

ashv

ille

by

Mir

iam

Lei

bo

witz

. Mel

issa

Sch

olte

n in

terv

iew

ed P

rese

nTen

se F

ello

w A

ctiv

ists

Bra

dle

y C

ohe

n, B

ailie

Aar

on,

Dav

id D

ob

in, D

avid

Lasday, David Krame

r, Marla G

amo

ran and To

va Speter. Sim

one A

bel ed

ited a sto

ry abo

ut Cam

bo

dian refug

ees in Chicag

o b

y Julia Baskin, and

a story ab

out the Lo

ndo

n social actio

n scene by D

avid B



a st

ory

ab

out

refu

gee

s in

Isra


ited a sto

ry abo

ut social ju


lum

, who

ed

it ed

a st


ho w

as advised

by Farra

h Green. Maya Norton edited a story about Shabbat by Jonathan Shefa.

Mar

gar

et S

tone

r ed

ited

a s

tory


ho

edited

a pro

file by Elissa B


y Daniel C

ohen, and

one ab

out interview

ing Jew


ho w

as advised

by A

nya Manning

.

translated a sto

ry by Yaro

n Edell.

Dev

ora

h M

atko

wsk


Ilya Fischhoff and

Nathan Fein ed

ited a sto

ry abo

ut socially resp

onsib

le investing b

y Joe G

elpe.

Devo

rah Matko

wsky and

Dalia W

olfso

n e


was ad

vised b

y Rachel Olstein. A

imee W

eiss edited


en a

nd M

aya

Polit

is. B

enjamin W

eisberg

er and Rachel B

erge

r e



ate

r. A

dam

Sim

on

wro


Kar

a B

oo

kbin


Lianna Wo

lfson ed


Ruth

New

man

and

Sam

Gre

ene

wro

te a

bo

ut

tw

inni

ng U

K–A

fric

an



umin

Kir

schn

er a

nd Meredith Polsky.







Israel South Asia

presentense.org/magazine Contributors


Emily K. Alhadeff

Melissa Meyers

Tara Lyn Gordon

Eve Goldfinger

Adam Jacobs

Chamutal Gillo

Yoav Sivan

Suzanne Lipkin

Melissa Scholten

Bradley Cohen

Bailie Aaron

David Dobin

David Lasday

David Kramer

Marla Gamoran

Tova Speter


Rachel Van Thyn

Elke Reva Sudin

Cheryl Berkowitz

Jerrin Kay

Deborah Fishman

Simone Abel

Julia Baskin

David Brown

David Russell

BenjaminWeisberger




Roben Kantor


Margaret Stoner


Yaron Edell

Ilya Fischhoff

Joe Gelpe

Simi Hinden

Naomi Zeidman

Ariel Beery





TamarToledano

Raeefa Shams

Jason Langsner

Aimee Weiss

Alison Laichter

Farrah Green

Maya Politis



Devorah Matkowsky

Dalia Wolfson

Simcha Schwartz

Rachel Olstein



Ezra Shanken


Lani Santo



Ruth Newman

Sam Greene

Nathan Fein ed

ited a sto

ry abo


illo ad

vised Yo

av Sivan on a sto

ry abo

ut Israeli vs. Am

erican activism. A

dina Sip

erman w


ham

s. Raeefa Shams e


on

Lang

sner

. Mir

iam

Bad

er a

nd R

ob

en K

anto

r ed

ited

a s

tory

ab

out

New

Orl

eans

by

Tam

ar T

ole

dan

o a

nd L

eah

Va

rs


y Benjam

in Weisb

erger, ad

vised b

y Anya M

anning.

Sam

anth

a Po

hl e

dite


ade

ff. E

mily

K. A

lha


adef

f edi



ord

on, a sto

ry abo

ut Arg

entina by Eve G

old

finger, and

a story ab

out creative kid

s by A

dam

Jacob


te a story ab

out vo

lunteering. Paula G

arshow


in N

ashv

ille

by

Mir

iam

Lei

bo

witz

. Mel

issa

Sch

olte

n in

terv

iew

ed P

rese

nTen

se F

ello

w A

ctiv

ists

Bra

dle

y C

ohe

n, B

ailie

Aar

on,

Dav

id D

ob

in, D

avid

Lasday, David Krame

r, Marla G

amo

ran and To

va Speter. Sim

one A

bel ed

ited a sto

ry abo

ut Cam

bo

dian refug

ees in Chicag

o b

y Julia Baskin, and

a story ab

out the Lo

ndo

n social actio

n scene by D

avid B



a st

ory

ab

out

refu

gee

s in

Isra


ited a sto

ry abo

ut social ju


lum

, who

ed

it ed

a st


ho w

as advised

by Farra


Mar

gar

et S

tone

r ed

ited

a s

tory


ho

edited

a pro

file by Elissa B


y Daniel C

ohen, and

one ab

out interview

ing Jew


ho w

as advised

by A

nya Manning

.

translated a sto

ry by Yaro

n Edell.

Dev

ora

h M

atko

wsk


Ilya Fischhoff and

Nathan Fein ed

ited a sto

ry abo

ut socially resp

onsib

le investing b

y Joe G

elpe.

Devo

rah Matko

wsky and

Dalia W

olfso

n e


was ad

vised b

y Rachel Olstein. A

imee W

eiss edited


en a

nd M

aya

Polit

is. B

enjamin W

eisberg

er and Rachel B

erge

r e



ate

r. A

dam

Sim

on

wro


Kar

a B

oo

kbin


Lianna Wo

lfson ed


Ruth

New

man

and

Sam

Gre

ene

wro

te a

bo

ut

tw

inni

ng U

K–A

fric

an



umin

Kir

schn

er a

nd Meredith Polsky.







Israel South Asia

Emily K. Alhadeff

Melissa Meyers

Tara Lyn Gordon

Eve Goldfinger

Adam Jacobs

Chamutal Gillo

Yoav Sivan

Suzanne Lipkin

Melissa Scholten

Bradley Cohen

Bailie Aaron

David Dobin

David Lasday

David Kramer

Marla Gamoran

Tova Speter


Rachel Van Thyn

Elke Reva Sudin

Cheryl Berkowitz

Jerrin Kay

Deborah Fishman

Simone Abel

Julia Baskin

David Brown

David Russell

BenjaminWeisberger




Roben Kantor


Margaret Stoner


Yaron Edell

Ilya Fischhoff

Joe Gelpe

Simi Hinden

Naomi Zeidman

Ariel Beery





TamarToledano

Raeefa Shams

Jason Langsner

Aimee Weiss

Alison Laichter

Farrah Green

Maya Politis



Devorah Matkowsky

Dalia Wolfson

Simcha Schwartz

Rachel Olstein



Ezra Shanken


Lani Santo



Ruth Newman

Sam Greene

Nathan Fein ed

ited a sto

ry abo


illo ad

vised Yo

av Sivan on a sto

ry abo

ut Israeli vs. Am

erican activism. A

dina Sip

erman w


ham

s. Raeefa Shams e


on

Lang

sner

. Mir

iam

Bad

er a

nd R

ob

en K

anto

r ed

ited

a s

tory

ab

out

New

Orl

eans

by

Tam

ar T

ole

dan

o a

nd L

eah

Va

rs


y Benjam

in Weisb

erger, ad

vised b

y Anya M

anning.

Sam

anth

a Po

hl e

dite


ade

ff. E

mily

K. A

lha


adef

f edi



ord

on, a sto

ry abo

ut Arg

entina by Eve G

old

finger, and

a story ab

out creative kid

s by A

dam

Jacob


te a story ab

out vo

lunteering. Paula G

arshow


in N

ashv

ille

by

Mir

iam

Lei

bo

witz

. Mel

issa

Sch

olte

n in

terv

iew

ed P

rese

nTen

se F

ello

w A

ctiv

ists

Bra

dle

y C

ohe

n, B

ailie

Aar

on,

Dav

id D

ob

in, D

avid

Lasday, David Krame

r, Marla G

amo

ran and To

va Speter. Sim

one A

bel ed

ited a sto

ry abo

ut Cam

bo

dian refug

ees in Chicag

o b

y Julia Baskin, and

a story ab

out the Lo

ndo

n social actio

n scene by D

avid B



a st

ory

ab

out

refu

gee

s in

Isra


ited a sto

ry abo

ut social ju


lum

, who

ed

it ed

a st


ho w

as advised

by Farra


Mar

gar

et S

tone

r ed

ited

a s

tory


ho

edited

a pro

file by Elissa B


y Daniel C

ohen, and

one ab

out interview

ing Jew


ho w

as advised

by A

nya Manning

.

translated a sto

ry by Yaro

n Edell.

Dev

ora

h M

atko

wsk


Ilya Fischhoff and

Nathan Fein ed

ited a sto

ry abo

ut socially resp

onsib

le investing b

y Joe G

elpe.

Devo

rah Matko

wsky and

Dalia W

olfso

n e


was ad

vised b

y Rachel Olstein. A

imee W

eiss edited


en a

nd M

aya

Polit

is. B

enjamin W

eisberg

er and Rachel B

erge

r e



ate

r. A

dam

Sim

on

wro


Kar

a B

oo

kbin


Lianna Wo

lfson ed


Ruth

New

man

and

Sam

Gre

ene

wro

te a

bo

ut

tw

inni

ng U

K–A

fric

an



umin

Kir

schn

er a

nd Meredith Polsky.







Israel South Asia

Cheryl Berkowitz is a graphic de-signer based in Brooklyn, NY. She enjoys crafting interfaces that invite

logical interaction and support a brand, for clients in publishing, television, education, performing arts, and nonprofit.

Contributors presentense.org/magazine


Contents

2 Contributors

5 editorial

6 read it online

7 Presentense felloW ACtiVistschanging the world, one venture at a time>> melissa scholten-gutierrez

here & noW

10 WomAn to WAtChjoelle novey >> rachel krauser

11 mAn With A PlAnelie lowenfeld>> benjamin weisberger

rules of engAgement

12 sourCing serViCejewish perspectives and approaches>> ezra shanken

Around the World14 the 12-legged rACe

realism and hope>> michael getty

16 the JeWish serViCe meCCAnew orleans and the jewish community>> joshua lichtman & moshe kornfeld

18 PreserVing memory, heAling trAumA

storying as social action>> leah varsano & tamar toledano

20 detroiton the move>> liz kohn

21 setting the AgendA for ChAngelessons from the jewish social action forum>> david brown

ideAs

22 CollAborAtion At your serViCesiach connects the conversation>> dyonna ginsburg

24 theory of releVAnCya new reality>> adam simon

soCiety

26 sPeCiAl needssurpassing expectations>> dori frumin kirschner & meredith englander polsky

28 in A refugee nAtion

israel faces a new refugee wave>> laura berger

29 the CAse for Asylumnot just a refuge for jews>> mollie gerver

30 food, fAith, And JustiCewhat's your grocery story?>> miriam leibowitz

32 let All Who Are hungryfighting hunger through food rescue>> asher weiss

34 tzedek bA'sAdehjewish food justice>> jakir manela & daniel kieval

feAtures

35 lessons from indiAa new context for community organiz-

ing

>> abby bellows

38 direCt serViCe or Community

orgAnizing?choosing a model for change>> rachel van thyn

40 JeWs And soCiAl JustiCecomplicating the narrative, learning from our past>> judith rosenbaum

42 sPirituAlity And ACtiVism

meditating on change>> alison laichter

reVieWs

44 shAdes of grAybook review: hush>> emily k. alhadeff

45 Just CheAPbook review: in cheap we trust>> suzanne lipkin

food Column46 blind tAste test

blackout: dining in style in the dark>> melissa meyers

endPAge48 strength in Community

>> elke reva sudin

Leket performs food rescue to feed the hungry. Photo by Leket.

presentense.org/magazine Contents


@Mollie_Gervermoved to Raanana, Israel with her parents in high school, lived through-out Israel during her military service, and later moved to Jerusalem for uni-versity, where she founded Advocates for Asylum to raise awareness among

policymakers and the public about why refugees fled to Israel from Eritrea, South Sudan, Darfur, the DRC and other areas of conflict and oppression. Mollie was a 2010 PresenTense Global Fellow, and is now a JDC Service Corp fellow in Rwanda at the Agahozo-Shalom Youth Village.

@Anya_Manning is program and education associate at Repair the World. She joined as an Insight Fellow, through which she previ-ously worked at Dor Chadash and at The American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee. Prior, Anya worked as resi-

dent advisor and educator for Kivunim, a one-year pre-college program for Diaspora Jews. In 2010, Anya was named a Nahum Goldmann Fellow and traveled to Croa-tia to meet with other fellows from around the world. A graduate of Barnard College and The Jewish Theological Seminary and a native of Natick, MA, Anya currently lives in Manhattan with her husband, Elie.

Anya_Manning: Realizing that change may take years, even decades. But if we stop to address direct need faced today, the problems will continue. #DIFFERENT MODELS @p. 38

Anya_Manning: Embracing innovation and entrepreneurship in the nonprofit field without spawning unnecessary/duplicative organizations

Tweet this

Mollie_Gerver: Building alliances with those with different goals but similar values and different values but similar goals. #JEWISH SOCIAL ACTION FORUM @p. 21

hat does it take to produce a magazine issue on social action? Let’s start with community: where the creativity and ideas are brewing. Connecting around these ideas, community members identify

common challenges, in the hopes that they can then seek informed solutions. The PresenTense Issue 13: Social Action community encompasses writers and editors, artists and in-novators, who formed a network reaching from Jerusalem to St. Louis to Nepal. As with any community, the social actions within this one benefitted the whole. The connections— vis-ible on our contributor’s map (see “PresenTense in Action!” p. 2)— enabled reciprocity and sharing, in particular through peer-editing, where writers edited fellow writers’ work.

The backbone of the community, PresenTense’s Social Action Steering Committee, guided the process of production of this magazine by brainstorming challenges facing social activists

today and tensions within the field of social action work. We would like to share these burning issues with you in a form which can be shared over Twitter (each is less than 140 char-acters) to encourage you to spread the word, and to show you how these challenges frame and are in conversation with the content that ultimately we produced in the issue.

Want to get involved with our community? We are always looking for creative writers, editors, and steering committee members. Email [email protected] for details. Want to support our community’s continued production of the in-print product you hold in your hands? Subscribe at www.presentense.org/maga-zine/subscribe— and please spread the word.

When we unite from individuals into a community, small ac-tions accumulate and together can change the world!

W

PresenTense: What are the tensions and challenges in the field of social action? #CharityChallenges

Maya_Politis: Reinventing the wheel. So many do great work, but instead of combining their passion and minds, all are competing for the same funds.

Anya_Manning: Better coordinating the social action organizations that DO exist to increase efficiency and further all our missions #SIACH @p. 22

Simone_Abel: Taking on only issues where I know I can actually achieve change, or those that are important but where creating change is more difficult.


@Maya_Politiscompleted her MA in International Development at The Institute of Development Studies in the UK in 2009. Currently she works as a con-sultant at Tel Aviv University and the Academic College of Jaffa, building

academic programs in topics such as social entrepre-neurship, community development, and migration. She has been teaching yoga for four years and is involved in different social/cultural projects in Tel Aviv. Maya made aliyah to Israel a year and a half ago.

@Rachel_Olstein’s interest in social justice began in 1999 when she volun-teered for a year with AmeriCorps. She went on to receive her bachelor’s from Vassar College in urban education and French and spent two years teaching second grade at an inner-city school.

She then spent several years teaching and leading out-door education programs at the Teva Learning Center and as a wilderness guide for service trips in Ladakh, In-dia and the Azore Islands. Rachel received her master’s in community leadership and nonprofit management at Hebrew University, focused on international development and volunteer organization. As part of her studies, she spent two months working on a rural banking project in rural Ghana. Rachel is the director of volunteer services at Agahozo-Shalom Youth Village.

@Simone_Abel is director of RenéCassin. Previously, she worked in the New York office of Human Rights Watch (HRW), and prior was an attorney at leading law firms Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP, New York, and Mallesons Stephen

Jaques, Sydney. She also worked as a journalist for the Australian Jewish News. Simone holds a BA/LLB and is currently completing a Masters of International Law at the University of New South Wales. She is a graduate of the Centro de Estudio del Espanol, Buenos Aires, and has lent her skills to the Migrant and Refugee Rights Project, the JewishCare Prison Outreach Program, Room to Read, the Downing Center Duty Solicitor Scheme, and the National Indigenous Project.

@David_Russell is Director of Survivors Fund (SURF), a UK-based international nonprofit organization which rep-resents and supports survivors of the Rwandan genocide. As Founder of The Social Enterprise (in 2007),

David also continues to advise social ventures in-cluding A Slim Peace, which brings together Israeli and Palestinian women from across the Middle East divide with a shared goal of losing weight, and the Specially Produced Innovatively Directed (SPID) The-atre Company, which develops artistic programs with urban youth in London.

Maya_Politis: The public’s apathy.

Simone_Abel: Where issues of human rights and Israel overlap, how to weigh in without alienating your support base, or conversely, losing credibility? #JEWISH SOCIAL ACTION FORUM @p. 21

Rachel_Olstein: Engaging in projects that make us, the volunteer or service provider, feel good, without assessing the impact on the service recipient. #FOOD DESERTS @p.30

Maya_Politis: Problem of good intentions. A lot of social action is done in the name of “doing good,” but it is much more complicated to actually impact.

Maya_Politis: When people wanting to do good come from the “outside,” problems can occur from cultural differences/insensitivity.

Maya_Politis: The real work can get overshadowed by political and bureaucratic challenges. #ISRAELI ACTIVISM @READ IT ONLINE

David_Russell: Where to find/draw the boundary between dedication to a cause, making change, and the personal, to avoid burnout. #MEDITATION @p. 42

Mollie_Gerver: Investing time in fundraising without it being at the expense of reaching the types of goals that would justify fundraising.

Mollie_Gerver: The What-About-Your-Own-People Fallacy: Facing critics asking, “Why are you helping them, not your own?” #NEPAL @READ IT ONLINE

Anya_Manning: Making effective use of a volunteer takes time, effort, and thought; nonprofits need to be trained how to manage volunteers.

Anya_Manning: A lack of coordination in connecting skilled (or unskilled) volunteers to people and organizations in need. #MARLA’S VENTURE @p. 9

Mollie_Gerver: Being hopeful enough to keep fighting, cynical enough to keep questioning, and practical enough to keep working, all at the same time.

Maya_Politis: Many activists have great passion but aren’t business-oriented. Projects lose steam as they lose $/much smaller impact than if sustainable.


ova Speter is an artist, art therapist, art educator, and arts admin-istrator with a BA in psychology, an MA in art therapy and mental health counseling, and a certificate in arts management. As the

founder of The MEM Project, Tova leads community murals, engages students in artistic expressions of their Jewish identity, and reaches out to underserved communities through art.

avid Lasday works as a sports-based youth development con-sultant for Global Game Changers. The PresenTense Global Fellowship provided David with the tools to create Bring It In

- Israel, a program that trains Israel Sports Educators. David, a grad-uate of the University of Maryland, previously worked as program director for PeacePlayers International - Middle East (PPI-ME) and as assistant general manager for the minor league basketball team the Maryland Nighthawks.

Bring It In – Israel looks to develop dynamic young leaders to serve as

role models and coaches. The program gives participants the skills to use sports to connect Jewish children worldwide to Israel. In addition, participants hone their skills run-ning educational sports days and mifgashim (cultural exchanges) for Israeli children from different demographics. Sports and play have tremendous power to teach and bring people together.

changing the world, one venture at a time >> melissa scholten-gutierrez

PResentense FellOw activists

Social action, tikkun olam, saving the world— PresenTense fellows are doing it around the world. They heard the call from Rabbi Hillel, “If not now,

when?” and seized their moment to make a difference in local and global Jewish communities. PresenTense caught up with a few past fellows, asking three questions:

What do you aim to contribute

to the social action community?

Why is it important for

our generation to engage in social justice activities?

What is one step people in your

community can take to get involved in social justice?

2010JerusAlem

David LasdayHead Coach, Bring It In - Israelwww.bringitinisrael.com

It’s never been easier to get involved in social justice. Hundreds of great organi-

zations offer meaningful volunteering oppor-tunities in every community around the world. The Bring It In - Israel Twitter account (@Br-ingItInIsrael) is constantly retweeting social action initiatives and opportunities. Moreover, if you are age 18-24, planning on being in Is-rael, and want to use sports to build commu-nity and teach life skills, apply for the Bring It In - Israel Fellowship.

Engaging in social justice is a win-win. It has been my experience that the more

one gives to their community, the more they get back. In today’s technological age, with the tremendous reach and power we have as individuals, everyone has the ability to make a significant impact on the world. Take the time to learn something online from your friends and community and share it with someone else.

D

21 3

3

2

T Tova SpeterDirector, The MEM Projectwww.thememproject.org

2010boston

The MEM Project harnesses interac-tions with the arts, fostering collective

exploration and offering a new understanding of community partnerships. This innovative, mural-based community engagement experi-ence builds self-esteem and generates new connections, making a difference in under-served neighborhoods.

Our generation is becoming more and more distracted by new media and tech-

nology that allows digital rather than personal interactions. Active engagement in social justice programs can happen online, but the community spirit and energy derived from di-rect experience is crucial to the development of our values and our role as future leaders who prioritize acts of community philanthropy.

The first action people can take is to identify participating in social justice

programs as a priority in their lives. They can then reach out to engage in activities of in-terest. If there is interest in exploring social justice through the creative arts, they can be in touch with The MEM Project to get involved in an upcoming workshop or mural project.

2 31

1


I am a strong believer in the power of small actions. For every NU shirt pur-

chased, we donate up to 40% of profits to the charitable organization behind the cause, and we are working to increase that number to 100% through strategic partners. By wear-ing the shirt, you are empowered to carry the message wherever you go and spread the story. By lighting small sparks, one wearer at a time, we aim to create a global community of change.

www.bsdav.comFor free consultation contact Itzhak Beery 212-533-0909 or email [email protected]

website development / banners / e-newsletter s

pr int / radio / tv / outdoor

corp. id / annual repor t / brochures

fresh

1/3 page ad - either 8.5 x 3.25 inches Bleed

we do not recycle

Bleecker & Sullivan Interactive Advertising

Today one in three Israeli children live in poverty. One billion Africans live without

access to electricity and running water. One in 100 children worldwide are born with a heart defect and most have limited access to medi-cal help. Last year’s massive earthquake in Haiti left one million people without homes, who remain homeless one year later. The list goes on. Our work is clearly cut out for us.

efore making aliyah and serving in the IDF, David Kramer was the head advisor for the Department of Informal Jewish Education for the South African Jewish Board of Education and founder of the

Israel Information Department for the South African Zionist Federa-tion. In Israel, David worked for the Jewish Agency and the World Union of Jewish Students until he decided to establish the NU Campaign— an Israeli social awareness clothing brand and organization dedicated to raising awareness and funding for important Israeli causes and chari-table organizations. David is married to Tova and they live in Jerusalem with their three children.

NU Campaign aims to connect people worldwide to take action for important

Israeli charitable causes. In Israel today, there are 26,000 nonprofit organizations and a tremendous movement for the betterment of our world. Not many people are aware of this side of Israel: a country whose citizens deeply care for global humanity and are will-ing to make sacrifices for its improvement. Far more than selling fancy designs on cot-ton, NU is about education and awareness. By printing the stories on the inside of every NU t-shirt, opposite the heart, we want to con-nect people to the human story behind our featured causes. We hope that wearers will internalize the message and be inspired to make a difference.

B

2 3

aillie Aaron is a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of Harvard University, where she discovered her passion for identifying and reducing inequalities in the criminal justice system. In 2007, while working at Harvard’s Program in Criminal Justice, Baillie started volunteering at a county prison. Through this experience, she

realized that many inmates exhibited an untapped, above-average talent for business and could benefit from formal business classes. In response, Baillie developed Venturing Out (formerly Entrepreneurship 101), a nonprofit organization teaching entrepreneurship courses to incarcerated and court-involved individuals to enable students to reach their entrepreneurial potentials.

An individual trying to impact his or her community can only do so much alone.

My goal as a social entrepreneur is to create opportunities for people interested in social action to collectively make a difference. Or-ganizations like Venturing Out connect people who have a passion for a particular cause with relevant positions, allowing them to give back in a meaningful, high-impact way.

It is important for every generation to give back to the community. Nobody

achieves success by himself or herself; in-stead, we rely on support from other people to help us reach our goals. According to the Jewish principle of tikkun olam, it is our re-sponsibility to engage in social action to improve societal welfare; it is our obligation to use the resources, knowledge, and skills gained through our experiences to help oth-er people in our communities achieve their dreams as well. Direct involvement with com-munity-based social justice programs is one way for members of our generation to do that.

Nonprofit organizations, including Ven-turing Out, regularly advertise through

websites like Idealist.com or Craigslist.com as well as through university career centers. If you are interested in a cause, contact an organization with a related mission to ask about opportunities, or check out websites of foundations and funders with similar interests to see which projects they are in-volved with. It’s a great way to network with likeminded people! Keep in mind that social justice organizations are often underfunded and overwhelmed, so don’t be discouraged if you don’t hear back from them right away. Be persistent, and help them find you the perfect opportunity to get involved.

B

Bailie Aaron Founder and Board Chair, Venturing Outwww.venturingout.org

2010boston

2 3

1

David KramerCEO and Founder, NU Campaignwww.nucampaign.org

2010JerusAlem

1


www.bsdav.comFor free consultation contact Itzhak Beery 212-533-0909 or email [email protected]

website development / banners / e-newsletter s

pr int / radio / tv / outdoor

corp. id / annual repor t / brochures

fresh

1/3 page ad - either 8.5 x 3.25 inches Bleed

we do not recycle

Bleecker & Sullivan Interactive Advertising

Find out what you see as the problem in society, have a strong feeling about it,

build passion, and then do something about it. Either find organizations already dealing with that issue or find like-minded people and start something of your own. PT

fter a BA Honors degree from Manchester University in England and six years in Asia, Bradley returned to Israel, having rediscovered his Jewish roots and the profound spiritual insight of Judaism. As a PT

fellow, he engaged Israeli backpackers in India in volunteer and Jewish identity work, running a highly successful pilot program in 2009 funded by the JDC. In 2010, he joined forces with Lev Olam, an Israeli humanitarian organization, and has just returned from four months in India, where he ran four programs for backpackers looking for meaning on their travels.

Some Jewish organizations help only Jews. Some help only non-Jews because

it is seen as even more noble to help others. I want to show that we can and should help all people irrespective of race and religion. I also seek to strengthen the awareness that the people who actually gain the most are the volunteers themselves. Finally, I aim to teach that you can do social action through love, joy, and wonder at the world, not just through a harsh ‘battle for justice’ mentality.

Social action is not just something nice to do. It is our role in the world: to fix

ourselves (tikkun hamiddot) and fix the world (tikkun olam). Social action is a life-changing, empowering, meaningful experience, helping us to manifest our potential in the world - to serve something greater then ourselves, to go beyond ego, to use our time on this planet effectively, efficiently, and in a meaningful way.

Bradley CohenProjects Director, Lev Olam

www.levolam.org

2008indiA

2 3

Melissa Scholten-Gutierrez is a Jewish communal professional, social worker, educator, writer, mikvah advocate, and

the proud co-author of Redefining Rebbetzin. (RedefiningRebbetzin.com)

A

2010JerusAlem

Marla GamoranFounder, Skilled Volunteers for Israelskillvolunteerisrael.org

Through Skilled Volunteers for Israel, I aim to provide opportunities for North

American Jewish adults— particularly those from the Baby Boomer generation— to vol-unteer their talents and expertise in support of the real needs in Israeli society. Through skilled volunteering, those who care deeply about Israel can make meaningful contribu-tions, experience Israel firsthand, benefit from working side-by-side with their Israeli counterparts, and return to their home com-munities as ambassadors for the nonprofit organizations they worked with as well as for Israel.

I believe it is critical for every genera-tion to engage in social justice activities.

Skilled Volunteers for Israel targets older adults and will provide amazing opportuni-ties for volunteer engagement, such as those available for younger Jews. I hope that our volunteers motivate children, grandchildren, friends, and community members to similarly volunteer and contribute to social justice. Furthermore, I hope that engaging Jews of all generations will result in multi-generational opportunities to work together to make a dif-ference.

My advice: Get involved now; don’t wait for the perfect time. We make time for

what’s important to us, and getting involved through acts of social justice enriches us and our communities.

arla spent most of her professional life in nonprofit and higher education management, and is now launching her

encore career through her new venture Skilled Volunteers for Israel. Marla’s passion for Is-rael has led her to discover the need to build the framework for baby boomers like herself to volunteer their skills and expertise in Israel.

2

3

M

1

1


r m e d w i t h a s e r i o u s m o r a l c o m p a s s , p l u s a d e g r e e i n s o c i a l s t u d i e s f r o m H a r v a r d U n i v e r s i t y, J o e l l e N o v e y i s t h e d i r e c t o r o f G r e a t e r

Wa s h i n g t o n I n t e r f a i t h Po w e r a n d L i g h t (G W- I P L , h t t p : // w w w. g w i p l .o r g / ) . P r o p e l l i n g h e r i s a s e n s e o f s o c i a l r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m i n g f r o m a d e e p u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f t i k k u n o l a m ( r e p a i r i n g t h e w o r l d ) a n d a b e l i e f i n i t s p l a c e a t t h e c o r e o f J u d a i s m .

“ ‘ T h o u s h a l t n o t o p p r e s s a s t r a n g e r : f o r y o u k n o w t h e h e a r t o f a s t r a n g e r , s e e i n g y o u w e r e o n c e s t r a n g e r s i n t h e l a n d o f E g y p t ’ ( E x o d u s 2 3 : 9 ) . T h i s i s a r e m i n d e r t h a t w e s h o u l d n o t o p p r e s s a n y o n e , e v e n w h e n t h i n g s a r e b e t t e r f o r u s ,” N o v e y e x p l a i n s .

B a s e d i n t h e Wa s h i n g t o n , D C a r e a , G W- I P L , o n e o f o v e r 3 0 I n -t e r f a i t h Po w e r a n d L i g h t p r o g r a m s a c r o s s t h e c o u n t r y, p a r t n e r s w i t h c o n g r e g a t i o n s f r o m v a r i o u s d e n o m i -n a t i o n s a n d e d u c a t e s t h e m a b o u t h o w t o b e e n v i r o n m e n t a l l y c o n -s c i o u s i n p u r s u i n g t h e i r m i s s i o n . G W- I P L a l s o h e l p s c o n g r e g a t i o n s l e a r n m o r e a b o u t e n e r g y a n d c l i m a t e i s s u e s a n d s p e a k o u t o n e n v i r o n -m e n t a l a d v o c a c y c a m p a i g n s .

N o v e y m a k e s a c l e a r c o n n e c t i o n b e t w e e n f a i t h a n d s o c i a l a c t i o n . “ I a l w a y s f e l t t h a t J u d a i s m — t a k e n s e r i o u s l y — w o u l d c h a n g e t h e w o r l d . T h e t h e m e I k e e p r e t u r n i n g t o i n m y w o r k i s b u i l d i n g a n d s u p p o r t -i n g r e l i g i o u s c o m m u n i t i e s t h a t l e a d p e o p l e ( b o t h J e w s a n d n o n - J e w s ) t o s o c i a l a c t i o n a n d t o t r u l y l i v e o u t t h e i r v a l u e s .”

E v e r y t h r e e w e e k s , N o v e y h e l p s t o o r g a n i z e T i k k u n L e i l S h a b b a t ( h t t p : // t i k k u n l e i l s h a b b a t . o r g ) , a “ s o n g f u l , s o u l f u l s e r v i c e ” f o c u s -i n g o n s o c i a l a c t i o n f o l l o w e d b y a p o t l u c k v e g e t a r i a n d i n n e r . N o t h i n g i s d i s p o s a b l e , a n d t h e e v e n i n g e n d s w i t h a c o m m u n a l d i s h - w a s h i n g a n d c l e a n u p . A l l a r e w e l c o m e , J e w s a n d n o n - J e w s a l i k e . “ T i k k u n L e i l S h a b -b a t p r o v i d e s a s p a c e f o r o u r g e n e r a -t i o n t h a t p l a c e s s o c i a l j u s t i c e a t

t h e h e a r t o f o u r c o n g r e g a t i o n . I t ’ s s o e x c i t i n g i n D C t o h a v e a w h o l e c o m m u n i t y o f f o l k s w h o e m b r a c e J u d a i s m a s a s p i r i t u a l p r a c t i c e a n d u n d e r t a k e s o c i a l a c t i v i s m a s c o r e t o t h e i r i d e n t i t y.”

A n a t i v e o f B a l t i m o r e , a c i t y w i t h a s t r o n g t r a d i t i o n o f C a t h o -l i c a c t i v i s m , N o v e y o b s e r v e d t h e C a t h o l i c c o m m u n i t y i m p r o v i n g c o n d i t i o n s f o r t h e l e s s p r i v i l e g e d s e g m e n t s o f t h e c i t y, c r e a t i n g s c h o o l s i n b a d n e i g h b o r h o o d s . “ N o o n e a s k e d w h y C a t h o l i c s w e r e d o -i n g t h a t . I t j u s t w a s p a r t o f w h a t i t m e a n t t o b e C a t h o l i c . F o r a l o n g t i m e , m a n y p e o p l e i n p r o g r e s s i v e r e l i g i o u s t r a d i t i o n s h a v e f o u g h t i n j u s t i c e a s a n a t u r a l p a r t o f h o w t h e y p a r t i c i p a t e i n t h e i r r e l i g i o u s c o m m u n i t y. I d o n ’t t h i n k w e a r e l i k e t h a t i n t h e J e w i s h w o r l d y e t .”

B u t t h e g a p s e e m s t o b e n a r -r o w i n g ; t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y i s b e c o m i n g m o r e c o n s c i o u s a b o u t b r i n g i n g t h i s s p i r i t i n t o a l l d i f -f e r e n t a s p e c t s o f l i f e . A n s w e r i n g t h i s c a l l , N o v e y c o - a u t h o r e d , a l o n g w i t h R e b e c c a S h a l o f f , G r e e n a n d J u s t C e l e b r a t i o n s , a l o c a l g u i d e f o r t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y o n h o w t o c e l e b r a t e J e w i s h m i l e s t o n e s i n a n e n v i r o n m e n t a l l y f r i e n d l y w a y. I n -t e r s p e r s e d w i t h J e w i s h t e a c h i n g s , i t e x p l a i n s w a y s f a m i l i e s c a n m a k e c h o i c e s w h i c h a r e c o n s c i o u s o f l a -b o r e r s ’ r i g h t s , a n i m a l w e l f a r e , a n d t h e p l a n e t a s a w h o l e : f r o m h o w t o c h o o s e l o c a t i o n s a n d c u l i n a r y o p t i o n s t o r i n g s w h i c h c a n b e e x -c h a n g e d w i t h a c l e a n c o n s c i e n c e a t w e d d i n g s . N o v e y ’s t i p s w e r e t r i e d a n d t e s t e d f i r s t h a n d w h e n s h e m a r -r i e d E t h a n M e r l i n o n A u g u s t 17, 2 0 0 8 . “ We e m b r a c e d t h e o p p o r -t u n i t y t o m a k e g r e e n c h o i c e s a s a w a y o f s h a r i n g t h e w a y s w e h o p e t o l i v e l i f e a s a f a m i l y g o i n g f o r w a r d ,” N o v e y s a y s .

W h e n N o v e y i s n o t b u s y b e -i n g a l e a d e r i n t h e f i e l d o f J e w i s h s o c i a l a c t i v i s m , s h e i s a b u s y p a r -t i c i p a n t , w i t h h o b b i e s t h a t i n v o l v e m a k i n g t h e w o r l d a b e t t e r p l a c e .

joelle novey >> rachel krauserwOman tO watch

A

heR

e &

nO

w“ I a l w a y s f e l t t h a t

J u d a i s m — t a k e n s e r i o u s l y — w o u l d

c h a n g e t h e w o r l d .”

name: Joelle Novey

home: Washington, DC

Watch her because: She’s connecting faith and social justice to raise environmental consciousness in our congregations and celebrations.

S h e r e c e n t l y j o i n e d S o n g r i s e , a l o -c a l w o m e n ’s s o c i a l j u s t i c e a c a p -p e l l a g r o u p w h i c h s i n g s a t r a l l i e s , p r o t e s t s , a n d c e l e b r a t i o n s , r a i s i n g m o n e y a n d a w a r e n e s s f o r v a r i o u s c a u s e s .

N o v e y ’s a d v i c e f o r g e t t i n g i n -v o l v e d ? “ Ta k e J e w i s h t r a d i t i o n s o f s a n c t i f y i n g s m a l l a c t i o n s a s a n i n -s p i r a t i o n t o p a y a t t e n t i o n t o t h i n g s y o u d o e v e r y d a y,” s h e s a y s . “ E v e r y c h o i c e i s a n o p p o r t u n i t y t o c o n s i d e r h o w w e i n t e r a c t w i t h t h e w o r l d . W h o g r e w t h i s c o f f e e I ’m d r i n k i n g a n d h o w d i d i t s h a r v e s t i n g i m p a c t o t h e r p e o p l e a n d t h e E a r t h ? ”

S h e i n s i s t s s h e p e r s o n a l l y s t i l l h a s a w a y t o g o . “ S o m e t i m e s I g e t t i r e d a n d I ’ l l t a k e t h e e l e v a t o r . I t r y t o r e m e m b e r m y c u p w h e n I g o t o a c o f f e e s h o p b u t I d o n ’t a l w a y s , a n d t h a t ’s O K . I t ’ s a b o u t s e t t i n g y o u r s e l f o n t h a t t r a c k a n d d o i n g t h e b e s t y o u c a n . W i t h a l l o f t h e s e t h i n g s , I ’m s t i l l o n t h e j o u r n e y.” PT

Rachel Krauser has recently re-turned from living most of her adult life in Israel, and is currently enjoy-

ing rediscovering life in New York City.

Photo provided by Joelle Novey.

presentense.org/magazine here & now


l i e L o w e n f e l d h a s a l w a y s p o s -s e s s e d a k e e n d e s i r e t o h e l p o t h e r s . “ I g r e w u p i n a h o m e [ w h e r e ] v o l u n t e e r i n g a n d s e r -

v i c e t o o t h e r s w a s i m p o r t a n t ,” h e s t a t e s . A s a y o u t h , h e d e l i v e r e d f o o d t o t h e e l d e r l y a n d v o l u n t e e r e d i n a s o u p k i t c h e n . F o l l o w i n g H u r r i c a n e K a t r i n a , L o w e n f e l d t r a v e l e d t o N e w O r l e a n s o n m o r e t h a n o n e o c c a s i o n t o h e l p w i t h t h e r e l i e f e f f o r t .

I n 2 0 0 8 , L o w e n f e l d w o r k e d w i t h A m e r i c o r p s i n C e d a r R a p i d s , I o w a a f t e r r e c o r d f l o o d i n g . H e s a w m a n y C h r i s t i a n v o l u n t e e r s — w h o c a m e f r o m n a t i o n a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s , l o c a l c h u r c h e s , a n d a s i n d i v i d u -a l s — b u t , d i s a p p o i n t i n g l y, v e r y f e w p e o p l e f r o m h i s o w n J e w i s h f a i t h . H e s a y s , “ I n t w o m o n t h s , t h e r e w a s n o t o n e J e w i s h g r o u p t o c o m e t o C e -

elie lowenfeld >> benjamin weisbergerman with a Plan

E

d a r R a p i d s t o h e l p t h e c o m m u n i t y.” A s p a r t o f a r e l i e f e f f o r t i n w h i c h m a n y d i f f e r e n t c o m m u n i t i e s c a m e t o g e t h e r , L o w e n f e l d “ s a w a g l a r i n g e m p t y s p a c e w h e r e m y c o m m u n i t y, t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y, w a s n ’t .”

To e n g a g e m o r e A m e r i c a n J e w s i n a d d r e s s i n g s u c h n a t u r a l d i s a s t e r s , L o w e n f e l d f o u n d e d t h e J e w i s h D i -s a s t e r R e s p o n s e C o r p s ( J D R C ) . T h e J D R C o r g a n i z e s t h e A m e r i c a n J e w -i s h c o m m u n i t y t o p r o v i d e h a n d s - o n a s s i s t a n c e i n t h e w a k e o f d o m e s t i c d i s a s t e r s . T h e J D R C i s c o m p r i s e d o f m e m b e r s w h o m a k e a o n e - y e a r c o m m i t m e n t t o a s s i s t i n r e c o v e r y e f f o r t s , s u c h a s h a n g i n g s h e e t r o c k , p a i n t i n g h o u s e s , r e m o v i n g d e b r i s , a n d c l e a r i n g t r e e s .

S i n c e i t s i n c e p t i o n , t h e J D R C h a s a c h i e v e d s i g n i f i c a n t m o b i l i z a -t i o n o f v o l u n t e e r s . I n 2 0 0 9 , 14 J D R C v o l u n t e e r s w e n t t o C e d a r R a p i d s t o h e l p w i t h f l o o d - r e c o v e r y e f f o r t s , i n c l u d i n g r e m o v i n g d e b r i s f r o m a s t o r e i n t h e d o w n t o w n a r e a a n d p a r t i c i p a t i n g i n r e b u i l d i n g p r o j e c t s . I n 2 010 , t h e J D R C b r o u g h t o v e r 5 0 v o l u n t e e r s t o G a l v e s t o n , Te x a s t o h e l p r e p a i r t h e d a m a g e c a u s e d b y H u r r i c a n e I k e . “ T h e c o l l e g e k i d s t r a d e d t h e i r n o t e b o o k c o m p u t e r s f o r s l e d g e h a m m e r s , p a i n t b r u s h e s , m a p s , a n d o t h e r i m p l e m e n t s o f r e -c o v e r y a s t h e y p r a c t i c e d n e w s k i l l s a s h o m e r e n o v a t o r s ,” t h e G a l v e s t o n C o u n t y D a i l y N e w s r e p o r t e d . T h e J D R C h a s h e l p e d r e c o v e r y e f f o r t s i n P r o v i d e n c e , R I , L o u i s v i l l e , K Y, a n d N a s h v i l l e , T N , a m o n g o t h e r p l a c e s .

T h e J D R C h a s r e c e n t l y t a k e n a n i m p o r t a n t o r g a n i z a t i o n a l s t e p . O n S e p t e m b e r 1 , 2 010 , t h e J D R C b e c a m e a p a r t o f t h e B r o n f m a n C e n -t e r f o r J e w i s h S t u d e n t L i f e a t N e w Yo r k U n i v e r s i t y. “ T h i s h a s h e l p e d u s

b e g i n t o e x p a n d o u r w o r k a n d g r o w i n s t i t u t i o n a l l y,” s a y s L o w e n f e l d .

L o w e n f e l d e x p l a i n s t h a t t h e m i s s i o n o f t h e J D R C d i f f e r s f r o m t h a t o f m o s t J e w i s h s e r v i c e o r g a n i -z a t i o n s . W h i l e t h e s e o r g a n i z a t i o n s m a y s e e k t o e d u c a t e o r p r o v i d e a J e w i s h e x p e r i e n c e , t h e J D R C i s f o -c u s e d o n h e l p i n g d i s a s t e r v i c t i m s . H e s t a t e s , “ T h e J D R C w a s f o u n d e d w i t h o n e g o a l : t o h e l p p e o p l e i n d i s a s t e r s .”

F o r L o w e n f e l d , r u n n i n g t h e J D R C h a s b e e n a f u l f i l l i n g e n d e a v -o r . H e s a y s , “ T h e g r e a t e s t t h i n g a b o u t w o r k i n g o n t h e J D R C i s t h e p e o p l e t h a t I g e t t o m e e t .” T h o s e p e o p l e i n c l u d e v o l u n t e e r s a n d m e m -b e r s o f a f f e c t e d c o m m u n i t i e s , w h o

c o m e t o g e t h e r t o h e l p o n e a n o t h e r i n t i m e s o f c r i s i s .

F o r s o m e o n e l o o k i n g t o s t a r t a v e n t u r e l i k e t h e J D R C , L o w e n f e l d s a y s t h a t i t i s b e s t t o t a k e a p r o a c -t i v e , l e a d i n g r o l e . H e a s s e r t s , “ I f y o u s e e a p r o b l e m t h a t n e e d s t o b e f i x e d … d o n ’t w a s t e y o u r t i m e w a i t -i n g f o r o t h e r s t o j u m p o n b o a r d . . . Yo u c a n s t a r t m a k i n g a d i f f e r e n c e t o d a y.”

L o w e n f e l d e x p l a i n s t h e m o t i -v a t i o n b e h i n d h i s w o r k , “ I t i s t h e m o r a l a n d s o c i a l r e s p o n s i b i l i t y o f t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y, j u s t a s a n y o t h e r A m e r i c a n c o m m u n i t y, t o e x -t e n d a h e l p i n g h a n d t o t h e s e c o m -m u n i t i e s d u r i n g t h e i r t i m e o f n e e d .” T h r o u g h h i s w o r k w i t h t h e J D R C , L o w e n f e l d d o e s j u s t t h a t . PT

B e n j a m i n We i s b e r g e r l i v e s i n J e r u s a l e m . H e i s a s t u d e n t a t H e b r e w U n i v e r s i t y .

name: Elie Lowenfeld

home: New York City

Watch him because: He’s relieving us from domestic natural disasters.

Photo provided by Elie Lowenfeld.“ I f y o u s e e a p r o b l e m t h a t n e e d s t o b e f i x e d . . . d o n’ t w a s t e y o u r t i m e w a i t i n g f o r o t h e r s t o j u m p o n b o a r d .”

here & now presentense.org/magazine


sOuRcing seRvice

Jon rosenberg

Ru

les

OF

eng

agem

ent

jewish perspectives and approaches >> ezra shanken

Jon Rosenberg is the CEO of Repair the World (www.werepair.org). He has a 20-year background in public education reform, civil rights, criminal justice, and related fields. Before joining Repair the World, he was the founding executive director of Roads to Success, a college and career readiness program for low-income youth. He has held senior positions at Edison Schools, the US Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights, and The Children’s Aid Society. Rosenberg has served as an adjunct faculty member at Teachers College and Columbia Law School, where he taught Children and the Law and Education Law. A graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and Columbia School of Law, he lives in Montclair, NJ with his wife and two children.

IS SeRvICe JeWISh?

There are few things more essentially Jewish than serving a cause greater than one’s self. Our rabbinic tradition places a great deal of emphasis on being an eved hashem— one who lives in service to the Divine. And it articulates that in order to serve the Divine, one must serve his or her fellow: her family, her community, her nation, and her world. That service is rendered in acts of chesed and tzedakah— loving-kindness and charity. In that sense, service is a Jewish imperative.

What IS MoRe RIGhteouS: to GIve of one’S tIMe oR Money?

Chesed and tzedakah need not be hierarchized nor pitted against each other: Together they are parts of a holistic approach to repairing the world. Both are essential Jewish obligations. But service unquestionably asks of the indi-vidual a deeper level of personal engagement and commitment than acts of charity require. This is not because it is more righteous than giving charity.

Who In the toRah peRSonIfIeS SeRvICe to you?

Yitro, Moshe’s father-in-law, is like the romantic biblical prototype of a Peace Corps fellow. He’s on an alternative break trip to the

Sinai desert. There he finds Moshe struggling alone to serve the needs of am yisrael (people of Israel) as its sole judge, and thus he’s iden-tified a structural issue negatively affecting the community. He takes the initiative to address the problem: “You will surely wear yourself out both you and these people who are with you, for the matter is too heavy for you; you cannot do it alone.” He then helps Moshe establish a system of judges, “God-fearers, men of truth, who hate monetary gain,” to “bear” the burden, “thereby making it easier for you,” so that “this people will come upon their place in peace.”

Yitro’s service on behalf of Israel— which, as a Midianite, is not even his nation— is an excellent example of how one’s efforts on behalf of another community can have an appreciable impact.

IS SeRvICe to the GReateR CoMMunIty JeWISh SeRvICe?

It says in Talmud Gittin 61a: “We sustain the non-Jewish poor with the Jewish poor, visit the non-Jewish sick with the Jewish sick, and bury the non-Jewish dead with the Jewish dead, because these are the ways of peace.” As much as one is obligated to love and serve his fellow Jew, he is obligated to love and serve his fellow man, his fellow living creatures, and the Earth as a whole. The world isn’t going to get repaired by breaking it apart into more pieces.

What aRe thRee thInGS younG JeWISh people Can do to MaKe SeRvICe a pRIoRIty In theIR JeW-ISh lIfe?

1. Identify your passion: Find the issue that most animates you and explore the ways in which you’re inspired to address that issue through acts of service.

2. Take a year off: Consider taking a year off between high school and college, or in be-tween years of college, to do a year of service.

3. Lead a life of service: Service is a lifelong commitment, not a one-off activity. Make it a part of the orientation of your life. Just as we’re asked us to tithe our income, we also must tithe our time to do the necessary work of repairing the world.

presentense.org/magazine rules of engagement


udaism and service have had an intimate relationship for thousands of years: from contributions to the mishkan in the desert to the recent participation of Jewish community members in everything from advocating the cease of genocide in Darfur to supporting workers’ rights in California. In this issue’s Rules of Engagement, PresenTense asked two experts in the field of service to tell us, “What is Jewish about service, anyway?”J

yonAtAn glAserYonatan Glaser founded B’Tzedek, whose flagship program is LIFE (www.LIFEprogram.org). He has extensive experience in young adult informal Jewish education and leadership development and served as North American Central Educational Shaliach (Emissary) to the Reform Movement. He graduated from the Mandel Institute’s School for Educational Leadership and holds degrees in law, economics, and Jewish thought. Glaser improved Israel’s policy on the influx of African asylum seekers and is experimenting with new forms of community-based political organizing.

IS SeRvICe JeWISh?

Service by itself is not Jewish. Creating justice is Jewish. So is learning and creating commu-nity. Creating links between these three is one way to think about, build, and enhance Jewish life. If we understand service as social change and the demand for justice, we are on the right track. This is in contrast to understanding ser-vice in the pshat (simple or straight-forward) sense of help and assistance. Judaism is about bridging the gap between that which is and that which should be: the aspirational, the messianic, the worthy, the just. Helping in the here-and-now while striving to change societal structures is the creative tension and dialecti-cal ‘dance’ of Jewish life.

What IS MoRe RIGhteouS: to GIve of one’S tIMe oR one’S Money?

In an unredeemed, ‘broken’ world, it is impos-sible to be righteous, t o b e morally upright and blameless. We are all implicated in the myriad ills of society, and we internalize them. We should be more interested in taking re-sponsibility and making a difference. I would argue that impact is situational. Chairing the refugee policy committee or collecting clothes for asylum seekers may be what is required one week, donating money to the women’s shelter the next. It is required of us to give both time and money according to the situation, our ca-pacity, and what will make a difference.

Who In the toRah peRSonIfIeS SeRvICe to you?

Nachshon Ben Aminadav. When the Israelites leave Egypt, Pharaoh changes his mind about freeing the Jews and decides to send his army to pursue them. While some Israelites thought they were history and others waited for God to save them, the Midrash describes how Nachshon Ben Aminadav sees a third way—beyond either despair or irrational hope. He plunges into the water and keeps going, push-ing reality to its very limits. When the water touches the tip of his nostrils, when his very life is in danger, then the waters recede, allow-ing the Israelites to cross over onto dry land.

IS SeRvICe to the GReateR CoM-MunIty JeWISh SeRvICe?

B’Tzedek’s LIFE program sends young adults to India for four months to learn about and contribute to some of the most seemingly in-tractable problems there. They come back to Israel afterwards for another five months. Is living and working alongside Indians in In-dia Jewish? Service is Jewish to the extent it is motivated by or engages with Jewish ideas, experience, or community. Many Jews in the contemporary era move in and out of explic-itly Jewish time and space, social and symbolic context, ritual and cultural modalities, narra-tive and meaning. And that is just fine with me. For when we are in a non-Jewish moment, we have not left our Jewish identity behind.

What aRe thRee thInGS younG JeWISh people Can do to MaKe SeRvICe a pRIoRIty In theIR JeW-ISh lIfe?

The following three things are most powerful when carried out in combination:

1. Discuss your service and tikkun olam pas-sion and options with friends, and then act to-gether with or in parallel to them. Their vali-dation, support, and camaraderie will make a difference. It’s all about community.

2. Develop, critique, and refine your own theories of care and of social change. Include Jewish texts and ideas in that process. Study-ing Jewish texts is to have a inter-generational conversation with other Jews. Keep yourself honest about putting your commitments into action. It’s all about locating and connecting with your deepest self.

3. Use a diary. In Hebrew, ‘time’ is zman. From the same linguistic root we get zamin (available) and lzamen (to invite or convene). Realize that time according to Judaism is not just a measure. It is also, more significantly, an invitation. Time is not the issue; your use of it is. It’s all about your priorities. PT

ezra Shanken is the senior manager of the Young Adult Department at the Allied Jewish Federation of Colo-

rado and a third-generation Jewish commu-nal worker.

rules of engagement presentense.org/magazine


t ’ s a s n o w y C h r i s t m a s D a y i n S a i n t L o u i s , a n d a f e w c a r s p u l l u p t o a g r a y b u i l d i n g i n t h e c i t y ’s w i n d s w e p t , d e p o p u l a t e d

n o r t h . T h e w o r d s o n t h e b u i l d i n g a r e s i m p l e e n o u g h : “ J u v e n i l e D e -t e n t i o n C e n t e r .”

T h e J e w s h a v e a r r i v e d , a s m a l l b a n d o f v o l u n t e e r s f r o m C e n t r a l R e -f o r m C o n g r e g a t i o n (C R C ) , t h e l o n e s y n a g o g u e i n s i d e t h e c i t y l i m i t s .

I n s i d e t h e b u i l d i n g i s a j a i l , a s c h o o l , a n d a t e m p o r a r y h o m e f o r a b o u t 5 0 y o u n g p e o p l e , m o s t l y t e e n a g e r s b u t s o m e w h o a r e a s y o u n g a s 1 2 . T h e y a r e a l m o s t a l l b o y s , a l m o s t a l l A f r i c a n - A m e r i c a n , a n d a l m o s t a l l a w a i t i n g t r i a l o n s e r i -o u s c h a r g e s .

“ T h e s e k i d s a r e n o t i n a d e t e n -t i o n c e n t e r b e c a u s e t h e y s t o l e a b o t t l e o f n a i l p o l i s h ,” s a y s C R C ’s a d v o c a c y a n d c o m m u n i c a t i o n s d i -r e c t o r , J e n B e r s d a l e . “ S o m e o f t h e m a r e a c c u s e d o f v e r y s e r i o u s c r i m e s , b u t e v e r y t i m e w e v o l u n t e e r w i t h t h e m , w e a r e r e m i n d e d t h a t i n t h e i r h e a r t s , t h e y a r e s t i l l j u s t k i d s .”

I n t h e f a l l o f 2 0 0 7, B e r s d a l e , n o w 31 , f a c i l i t a t e d a g r o u p a t C R C t o t a l k o u t h o w t o d i r e c t t h e c o n -g r e g a t i o n ’s v o l u n t e e r e n e r g y t o w a r d y o u t h a n d e d u c a t i o n i n a c i t y m a d e r a g g e d b y d e c a d e s o f p o v e r t y a n d p o p u l a t i o n d e c l i n e .

“ L o t s o f o r g a n i z a t i o n s w a n t t o

realism and hope >> michael gettythe 12-legged Race

I w o r k w i t h c u t e t o d d l e r s ,” B e r s d a l e r e m e m b e r s o n e p a r t i c i p a n t s a y i n g . “ F e w e r w a n t t o h e l p t r o u b l e d t e e n s , a n d C R C h a s t h e r e s o u r c e s t o d o j u s t t h a t .”

E v e n t u a l l y, t h e c o n g r e g a -t i o n s t a r t e d w o r k i n g w i t h N a t h a n G r a v e s , n o w 3 4 , w h o s e j o b i s t o c r e a t e p r o g r a m m i n g f o r c h i l d r e n i n t h e c i t y ’s j u v e n i l e j u s t i c e s y s t e m .

G r a v e s c o o r d i n a t e s w i t h t e a c h -e r s a n d o v e r 2 0 0 v o l u n t e e r s t o e n -r i c h t h e s e y o u n g p e o p l e ’s d a y s i n c u s t o d y w i t h s u p e r v i s e d p l a y, t u t o r -i n g , r e s u m e w o r k s h o p s , a n d m o r e .

“ We n e v e r s e n d k i d s a w a y f o r l i f e ,” h e s a y s . “ H o w d o y o u w a n t t h e m b a c k ? A s k i d s w h o d i d n ’t l e a r n

f r o m t h e e x p e r i e n c e o f b e i n g h e r e ? O r m a y b e a s s o m e b o d y w h o s h a r p -e n e d t h e i r s k i l l s , t h o u g h t a b o u t w h o t h e y a r e a n d w h a t t h e y w a n t t o d o w i t h t h e i r l i f e ? ”

T h e C R C C h r i s t m a s v o l u n t e e r s h a v e g a m e s , c a n d y a n d c o o k i e s , a n d m u s i c f o r a h i p - h o p d a n c e w o r k -s h o p . T h e y l i n e u p o n o n e s i d e o f t h e c a f e t e r i a a s a b o u t 5 0 y o u n g o f f e n d e r s f i l e i n , d r e s s e d i n s w e a t -s h i r t s , s w e a t p a n t s , a n d s t r a p - o n s n e a k e r s t h a t a r e c o l o r - c o d e d i n

r e d , g r e e n , b l u e , a n d y e l l o w t o i n -d i c a t e a g e a n d g e n d e r .

T h e v o l u n t e e r s f a n o u t a n d s e t u p t a b l e s w i t h U n o , M o n o p o l y, a n d c h e c k e r s . T h e g a m e s b e g i n . T h e l a u g h t e r s t a r t s . E v e r y o n e r e m a r k s a f t e r w a r d h o w p o l i t e a n d a p p r e c i a -t i v e t h e y o u n g p e o p l e a r e , b u t t h e d a y ’s a c t i v i t i e s a r e s h o r t . B y f i v e o ’c l o c k , t h e r o o m i s e m p t i e d a s t h e s t a f f p r e p a r e s d i n n e r .

A s k a n y r e p e a t v o l u n t e e r s f r o m C R C f o r t h e i r m o s t t r e a s u r e d e x -p e r i e n c e a t t h e J u v e n i l e D e t e n t i o n C e n t e r a n d t h e y w i l l t a k e y o u b a c k t o F i e l d D a y l a s t s u m m e r : a n e n t i r e a f t e r n o o n w i t h o u t d o o r b a s k e t b a l l , f o o t b a l l , a n d o n e g a m e t h a t c h a n g e d

h o w e v e r y o n e s a w t h i n g s .T h e s t a f f c h o s e t w o t e a m s o f s i x

k i d s . T h e y w e r e a s s e m b l e d i n p a r a l -l e l l i n e s , a t o p t w o w o o d e n p l a n k s . T h e i r l e f t f e e t w e r e o n o n e p l a n k a n d t h e i r r i g h t f e e t w e r e o n t h e o t h e r , t u r n i n g e a c h t e a m i n t o t w o b i g f e e t w i t h s i x a d o l e s c e n t b r a i n s a n d a s i m p l e t a s k : w a l k o n e w a y, t u r n a r o u n d , t h e n w a l k b a c k .

A t e a m o f v o l u n t e e r s m o u n t e d b o a r d s a l o n g s i d e t h e k i d s , a n d t h e r a c e w a s o n .

“ We n e v e r s e n d k i d s a w a y f o r l i f e . H o w d o y o u w a n t t h e m [ t o c o m e ] b a c k ? ”

The young offenders on field day. Photo provided by CRC.

aRO

un

d t

he

wO

Rld

presentense.org/magazine Around the World


W h a t n o t e v e r y o n e i n t h e r a c e k n e w w a s h o w a p p r e h e n s i v e G r a v e s a n d h i s s t a f f w e r e .

“ T h e s e k i d s h a d a l o t o f f i g h t s ,” h e r e m e m b e r s . “ We w e r e h a v i n g t o p a y a l o t o f a t t e n t i o n t o t h e m l e a d -i n g u p t o F i e l d D a y. T h e r e w e r e p r i z e s , a p i z z a p a r t y, a n d c a n d y t h a t C R C b r o u g h t i n , a n d t h e k i d s w a n t e d t o w i n , s o t h e r e w a s s o m e p r e s s u r e .”

T h e k i d s s u r p r i s e d e v e r y o n e . T h e y o r g a n i z e d . L e a d e r s e m e r g e d a n d e n c o u r a g e d f o l l o w e r s ; t h e 1 2 - l e g g e d o f f e n d e r s l e f t t h e i r h i g h l y e d u c a t e d v i s i t o r s i n t h e d u s t .

“ I t w a s a m a z i n g t o s e e l e a d e r s e m e r g e f r o m a g r o u p m a d e u p o f k i d s w h o w e r e i n f o r r o b b i n g o r s t e a l i n g c a r s ,” G r a v e s s a y s . “ F i r s t

p a s s , t h e y d i d n ’t d o i t , s e c o n d t r y, d i d n ’t d o i t . B y t h e t h i r d t i m e , t h e y w e r e a b l e t o b e i n s t e p w i t h e a c h o t h e r , l e f t l e g , r i g h t l e g , b a c k a n d f o r t h .”

E v e r y o n e r e m e m b e r s t h e b e a m -i n g f a c e s o n t h a t d a y.

“ T h e y f e l t g o o d a b o u t t h e m -s e l v e s ,” G r a v e s r e c a l l s . “ T h e y l e a r n e d t o s e t a s i d e i n d i v i d u a l n e e d s f o r t h e g r o u p . I t ’ s c r a z y t o t h i n k t h a t a 15 - o r 16 - y e a r - o l d k i d m i g h t n e v e r h a v e h a d t h e e x p e r i e n c e o f a t e a m s u c c e s s , b u t a l o t o f t h e s e k i d s h a v e e x p e r i e n c e d m o r e t r a u m a t h a n m o s t a d u l t s e x p e r i e n c e t h e i r w h o l e l i v e s .”

K i m R o s e n f i e l d , w h o h a s f o u r k i d s a l m o s t t h e s a m e a g e a s t h e s e y o u n g o f f e n d e r s , g o e s t o t h e J u v e -

n i l e D e t e n t i o n C e n t e r w i t h w h a t o n e m i g h t c a l l r o m a n t i c r e a l i s m .

“ I t ’ s a l i m i t e d i n t e r v e n t i o n ,” s h e s a y s . “ B u t I t h i n k i f I c a n c r e a t e a b o n d w i t h s o m e o n e a t t h a t m o m e n t a n d h e l p t h e m f e e l t h a t t h e y m a t -t e r , t h a t c a n g i v e t h e m a g l i m m e r o f h o p e .

“ To m e , t h a t c o n n e c t s t o t h e f u n d a m e n t a l J e w i s h v a l u e t h a t e v e r y l i f e m a t t e r s ,” s h e c o n t i n u e s . “ We d o n ’t b a s e o u r l i v e s o n s o m e f u t u r e r e w a r d i n h e a v e n . I t ’ s a b o u t w h a t w e d o t o m a k e t h e w o r l d a b e t t e r p l a c e , e v e n i f i t ’ s j u s t o n e l i t t l e s t e p a t a t i m e .” PT

Michael Getty is a writer and educa-tor and lives with his husband in St. Louis, Missouri, where they are both

members of Central Reform Congregation.

Study where Judaism is lived as well aslearned, surrounded by the excitement andopportunities of New York City. Becomeimmersed in the ancient texts of Judaismand communal issues of contemporarysignificance. The Jewish TheologicalSeminary offers undergraduate, graduate,cantorial, and rabbinical degrees toprepare religious, academic, educational,and lay leaders for the Jewish communityand beyond.

JTSNYC

3080 BROADWAYNEW YORK, NY 10027(212) 678-8832 • www.jtsa.edu

Albert A. List College of Jewish StudiesThe Graduate SchoolH. L. Miller Cantorial School and College of Jewish MusicWilliam Davidson Graduate School of Jewish EducationThe Rabbinical School

Look into it.

Date: 9/22/10Client: JTSContact: Kristin HigginsJob # 2010400Size: 8.5 x 7.25 (2/3 page)Publication: PresenTense Magazine

Around the World presentense.org/magazine


e r h a p s w e c a n t h i n k o f N e w O r l e a n s a s a m o d e r n - d a y p i l -g r i m a g e s i t e . S i n c e H u r r i c a n e K a t r i n a , t h e c i t y h a s b e c o m e

a p r i m a r y s e r v i c e - l e a r n i n g d e s t i n a -t i o n f o r A m e r i c a n J e w s . M i c h a e l We i l , e x e c u t i v e d i r e c t o r o f t h e J e w -i s h F e d e r a t i o n o f G r e a t e r N e w O r-l e a n s , f r e q u e n t l y r e m i n d s v i s i t o r s t h a t N e w O r l e a n s , a c c o r d i n g t o t h e N e w Yo r k J e w i s h We e k , i s n o w “ T h e N e w M e c c a o f T i k k u n O l a m .”

T h i s h e a d l i n e d e m a n d s i n v e s t i -g a t i o n . M o r e t h a n f i v e y e a r s a f t e r H u r r i c a n e K a t r i n a a n d w e l l a f t e r t h e c o m p l e t i o n o f i m m e d i a t e p o s t -d i s a s t e r e f f o r t s , J e w s c o n t i n u e t o f l o c k t o N e w O r l e a n s t o e n g a g e i n v o l u n t e e r p r o j e c t s . W h i l e H i l -l e l t r i p s t o t h e B i g E a s y h a v e d e -

c r e a s e d s i n c e t h e i r p e a k i n 2 0 0 8 , t h e n u m b e r o f g r o u p s f r o m c o n -g r e g a t i o n s , l o c a l f e d e r a t i o n s , a n d J e w i s h h i g h s c h o o l s h a s i n c r e a s e d . Vo l u n t e e r E x p e d i t i o n s , a n o r g a n i z a -t i o n f o u n d e d b y C h i c a g o r e s i d e n t P a t t i V i l e a n d d e v o t e d p r i m a r i l y t o o r g a n i z i n g s e r v i c e t r i p s t o N e w O r-l e a n s , c u r r e n t l y h a s m o r e r e q u e s t s t h a n i t c a n h a n d l e .

V i l e c o n s i d e r s h e r o r i g i n a l i n -v o l v e m e n t i n p o s t - K a t r i n a w o r k a s

a n e f f o r t t o i n v o l v e J e w s i n t h e n a -t i o n a l o u t p o u r i n g o f s u p p o r t t h a t b r o u g h t m i l l i o n s o f v o l u n t e e r s t o N e w O r l e a n s a n d t h e M i s s i s s i p p i G u l f C o a s t . “ I t o l d m y r a b b i , ‘ T h e r e i s a l o t o f w o r k f o r t h e J e w s t o d o . ’ M y r a b b i t o l d m e t o g o a n d d o t h e w o r k ,” s h e s a i d .

new orleans and the jewish community >> joshua lichtman & moshe kornfeld

the Jewish seRvice mecca

P

I n 2 0 0 6 , w h e n V i l e f i r s t s t a r t e d b r i n g i n g g r o u p s , t h e q u e s t i o n w a s w h y t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y w a s n o t t a k i n g a m o r e a c t i v e r o l e i n p o s t -K a t r i n a r e c o v e r y e f f o r t s . I n 2 011 , t h e q u e s t i o n i s , w h y a r e t h e J e w s s t i l l t r a v e l i n g t o N e w O r l e a n s ?

We i l a t t r i b u t e s t h e c o n t i n u a t i o n o f J e w i s h “ v o l u n t o u r i s m ,” i n p a r t , t o t h e c i t y i t s e l f : “ Pe o p l e l i k e N e w O r l e a n s . I t i s a k n o w n p l a c e a n d p e o p l e k n o w t h a t t h e r e i s w o r k t o b e d o n e .” T h e s u s t a i n e d i n t e r e s t i n s e r v i c e a n d s o c i a l j u s t i c e w o r k i n N e w O r l e a n s c a n a l s o b e u n d e r s t o o d a s a r e f l e c t i o n o f a n u m b e r o f o n g o -i n g d e v e l o p m e n t s . F i r s t , a s a r e s u l t o f K a t r i n a r e c o v e r y e f f o r t s , t h e r e i s n o w a n o n p r o f i t i n f r a s t r u c t u r e t h a t c a n e a s i l y a n d e f f e c t i v e l y a c c o m -m o d a t e l a r g e g r o u p s o f v o l u n t e e r s . F o r t r i p l e a d e r s e a g e r t o f a c i l i t a t e m e a n i n g f u l t r i p s , t h i s m a k e s N e w O r l e a n s a n i d e a l l o c a t i o n .

N e w O r l e a n s i s n o t o n l y a c o n -v e n i e n t l o c a t i o n b u t a l s o a s y m -b o l i c l o c a t i o n t h a t r e p r e s e n t s a n d a l l o w s f o r c o m m u n a l r e f l e c t i o n o n J e w i s h e n g a g e m e n t i n s e r v i c e a n d s o c i a l j u s t i c e a c t i v i t i e s . T h e J e w -i s h F e d e r a t i o n s o f N o r t h A m e r i c a ’s d e c i s i o n t o h o l d i t s 2 010 G e n e r a l A s s e m b l y i n N e w O r l e a n s , a n d t h e A s s e m b l y ’s u n p r e c e d e n t e d a t t e n -t i o n t o s o c i a l j u s t i c e a n d s e r v i c e i s s u e s , i s a r e f l e c t i o n o f t h i s s y m -b o l i c c a p i t a l .

F u r t h e r m o r e , t i k k u n o l a m w o r k i s n o t l i m i t e d t o N e w O r l e a n s b u t i s p a r t o f a n a t i o n a l J e w i s h A m e r i -c a n t r e n d t h a t e m p h a s i z e s s e r v i c e a n d s o c i a l j u s t i c e a c t i v i t i e s . T h i s t r e n d c a n b e s e e n i n t h e d r a m a t i c e x p a n s i o n o f o r g a n i z a t i o n s s u c h a s Av o d a h : T h e J e w i s h S e r v i c e C o r p s , A m e r i c a n J e w i s h Wo r l d S e r v i c e , J e w i s h F u n d s f o r J u s t i c e , a n d R e -p a i r t h e Wo r l d . T h e r e c e n t f o c u s o n s e r v i c e a n d s o c i a l j u s t i c e w i t h i n t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y h e l p s t o e x p l a i n w h y J e w i s h l e a d e r s a r e b u s y p l a n -n i n g s e r v i c e - l e a r n i n g t r i p s i n t h e f i r s t p l a c e a n d w h y t h e r e i s f u n d i n g a v a i l a b l e f o r s u c h t r i p s .

T h e n o t i o n o f a M e c c a , h o w e v e r , o f a p i l g r i m a g e s i t e w h e r e p e o p l e c o m e t o b e t r a n s f o r m e d i n a w e e k o r t e n d a y s , d o e s n o t f u l l y c a p t u r e w h a t i s h a p p e n i n g i n N e w O r l e a n s .

W h y a r e t h e J e w s s t i l l t r a v e l i n g t o N e w O r l e a n s ?

AVODAH volunteer painting. Photo provided by AVODAH.



W h a t i s h a p p e n i n g i n N e w O r l e a n s i s n o t o n l y a b o u t p e o p l e c o m i n g f r o m o u t s i d e b u t a l s o a b o u t t h e t r a n s f o r m a t i o n o f t h e N e w O r l e a n s J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y. S i n c e H u r r i c a n e K a t r i n a , 1 , 4 0 0 J e w s , m o s t l y i n t h e i r 2 0 s a n d 3 0 s , h a v e m o v e d t o N e w

O r l e a n s . A s a r e s u l t o f t h i s i n f l u x , t h e c i t y h a s e x p e r i e n c e d t h e e s t a b -l i s h m e n t o f a y o u n g J e w i s h c o m -m u n i t y t h a t v a l u e s s o c i a l j u s t i c e a n d a c t i v i s m . S u c h c o m m u n i t i e s c a n o f t e n b e f o u n d i n t h e c e n t e r s o f A m e r i c a n J e w i s h l i f e b u t a r e r a r e i n s m a l l J e w i s h c o m m u n i t i e s s u c h a s t h e o n e i n N e w O r l e a n s ( p o p . 8 , 0 0 0 ) .

T h e p o s t - K a t r i n a e x p a n s i o n s o f Av o d a h a n d M o i s h e H o u s e t o N e w O r l e a n s h a v e c o n t r i b u t e d t o t h i s g r o w i n g J e w i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e c o m m u n i t y. T h o u g h n o t e n t i r e l y r e m o v e d f r o m t h e e s t a b l i s h e d J e w -i s h c o m m u n i t y, i n d e p e n d e n t e f f o r t s o n t h e p a r t o f y o u n g s o c i a l j u s t i c e o r i e n t a t e d J e w s h a v e i n c l u d e d t h e

c r e a t i o n o f a J e w i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e r e a d i n g g r o u p , a n e w J e w i s h L G -B T Q g r o u p , a n d a n i n d e p e n d e n t m i n y a n . Av o d a h ’s f o u n d e r , R a b b i D a v i d R o s e n n , c o m m e n t e d t h a t “Av o d a h ’s a b i l i t y t o h a v e a n i m p a c t o n J e w i s h l i f e i s m u c h g r e a t e r i n

s m a l l e r c o m m u n i t i e s . Av o d a h C o r p s m e m b e r s c a n n o t h a v e n e a r l y t h e s a m e i m p a c t o n t h e J e w i s h c o m -m u n i t i e s o f D C , N e w Yo r k , a n d C h i c a g o w h e r e s o m u c h e l s e i s g o i n g o n .” J o r d a n A i k e n , f o u n d e r o f t h e n e w J e w i s h L G B T Q g r o u p a n d a n Av o d a h a l u m n a , w a s e x p l o r i n g h e r J e w i s h a n d q u e e r i d e n t i t i e s w h e n s h e m o v e d t o N e w O r l e a n s a n d w a s h o p i n g t o f i n d s o m e w a y t o b r i n g t h e t w o t o g e t h e r : “ I a s s u m e d t h a t t h e J C C , t h e l o c a l F e d e r a t i o n , a n d t h e s y n a g o g u e s w o u l d h a v e s o m e -t h i n g f o r t h e Q u e e r c o m m u n i t y. F i n d i n g n o t h i n g , I d e c i d e d t o s t a r t s o m e t h i n g o f m y o w n .”

M o r e t h a n f i v e y e a r s a f t e r H u r -r i c a n e K a t r i n a , t i k k u n o l a m r e p -

r e s e n t s b o t h a b a s i s o f o n e c o m -p o n e n t o f t h e N e w O r l e a n s J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y a n d a d r a w f o r J e w i s h o r g a n i z a t i o n s a r o u n d t h e c o u n t r y. I t r e m a i n s t o b e s e e n w h e t h e r t h e l o n g - r a n g e o r g a n i z a t i o n a l a f t e r m a t h o f H u r r i c a n e K a t r i n a w i l l g i v e r i s e t o a t r u l y s u s t a i n a b l e J e w i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e c o m m u n i t y i n N e w O r l e a n s a n d , i f s o , w h a t i m p a c t t h i s c o n -s t i t u e n c y m a y h a v e o n t h e g r e a t e r N e w O r l e a n s J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y a n d p e r h a p s e v e n o n A m e r i c a n J u d a -i s m . PT

Joshua lichtman is the New Or-leans program director of AVODAH: The Jewish Service Corps. He has

worked for a number of other Jewish orga-nizations including Hillel and the Isabella Freedman Jewish Retreat Center and is an alum of Pardes, ADAMAH, and New York Uni-versity’s Law School.

Moshe Kornfeld is a doctoral can-didate in cultural anthropology and Judaic studies at the University of

Michigan. Moshe is currently on assignment in New Orleans, where he is studying Jewish social justice activism in the broader context of contemporary American Jewish philan-thropy.

S i n c e H u r r i c a n e K a t r i n a , 1 , 4 0 0 J e w s , m o s t l y i n t h e i r 2 0 s a n d 3 0 s , h a v e m o v e d t o N e w O r l e a n s .

A volunteer at the 2010 GA in New Orleans. Photo provided by AVODAH.

AVODAH volunteer building a fence. Photo provided by AVODAH.



storying as social action >> leah varsano & tamar toledano

PReseRving memORy, healing tRauma

h a t ’s y o u r K a t r i n a s t o r y ? ” We w e r e a s k e d t h i s q u e s t i o n o n t h e s e c o n d d a y o f o u r y e a r - l o n g c o m -

m i t m e n t t o s o c i a l j u s t i c e t h r o u g h AVO DA H : t h e J e w i s h S e r v i c e C o r p s i n N e w O r l e a n s . Te n y o u n g t r a n s -p l a n t s t o t h e c i t y, w e s a t o n r i c k e t y f o l d i n g c h a i r s i n a c i r c l e i n t h e b a c k y a r d o f o u r h o u s e i n U p t o w n . W i t h t h e i n s t r u c t i o n t h a t o n e p e r -s o n t a l k f o r f i v e m i n u t e s s t r a i g h t a n d t h e l i s t e n e r s s i t q u i e t l y a n d f o c u s o n l y o n w h a t t h e s p e a k e r w a s s a y i n g , w e b e g a n s h a r i n g h o w w e w e r e a f f e c t e d w h e n t h e l e v e e s b r o k e .

A l t h o u g h m o s t o f u s h a d n ’t c o n -s i d e r e d e v e n h a v i n g a K a t r i n a s t o -r y — n o n e o f u s w e r e i n N e w O r l e a n s a t t h e t i m e — w h a t e m e r g e d f r o m t h e S t o r y C i r c l e w e r e t e n d i s t i n c t

r e s p o n s e s t o o n e e v e n t . I t b e c a m e c l e a r t o u s t h a t p e o p l e w h o l i v e d i n N e w O r l e a n s b e f o r e t h e s t o r m m u s t a l s o h a v e s t o r i e s t h a t w e n e e d e d t o h e a r . A n d w h i l e w e c o u l d n ’t o f -f e r p e r s o n a l a c c o u n t s t o r e l a t e t o t h o s e e x p e r i e n c e s , w e c o u l d o f f e r

s o m e t h i n g e l s e : o u r a b i l i t y t o l i s -t e n — t o h e a r a n d h o n o r t h e i r s t o r i e s o f s u r v i v a l i n a n e f f o r t t o f a c i l i t a t e h e a l i n g .

I n d e e d , t h e m e n t a l h a r m c a u s e d b y e v e n t s s u c h a s H u r r i c a n e K a t r i n a c a n r o b a n i n d i v i d u a l o f t h e i r v o i c e a n d a m e a n s o f p r o c e s s i n g t h e i r e x -p e r i e n c e . A c c o r d i n g t o D r . R i c h a r d P r i n g l e , p r o f e s s o r o f p s y c h o l o g y a t

G o u c h e r C o l l e g e , “ Tr a u m a i s t h e i n a b i l i t y t o s t o r y.”

B u t w h i l e e x p e r t s l i k e D r . P r i n g l e e m p h a s i z e t h e i m p o r t a n c e o f p s y c h o l o g i c a l h e a l i n g , t h e s o -c i a l a c t i o n m o v e m e n t s e e m s l e s s e q u i p p e d , a n d l e s s w i l l i n g , t o a d -d r e s s a s p e c t s o f r e c o v e r y t h a t g o b e y o n d t h e p h y s i c a l .

J e w s , h o w e v e r , h a v e a u n i q u e o p p o r t u n i t y t o b e a t t h e f o r e f r o n t o f a m o v e m e n t t h a t m a k e s t h e p r o -c e s s o f h e a l i n g t h r o u g h s t o r y i n g a n i n t e g r a l p a r t o f s o c i a l a c t i o n . O u r c o m m u n i t y, a f t e r a l l , h a s a l o n g t r a d i t i o n o f t e l l i n g s t o r i e s .

E v e r y y e a r a t t h e P a s s o v e r s e d e r , J e w i s h f a m i l i e s a n d c o m m u n i t i e s a r e r e m i n d e d t h a t “ i n e v e r y g e n -e r a t i o n a p e r s o n i s o b l i g a t e d t o s e e t h e m s e l v e s a s i f t h e y l e f t E g y p t .” T h i s i n s t r u c t i o n c o m m u n i c a t e s a

“W“ Tr a u m a i s t h e i n a b i l i t y t o s t o r y .”

On June 6, 2010’s Community Mitzvah Day in New Orleans. Photo by Caitrin Gladow.



c o r e v a l u e t h a t J e w i s h t e x t e n c o u r -a g e s : p r e s e r v i n g m e m o r i e s a s m a r k -e r s o f o u r e x i s t e n c e — o r , s i m p l y p u t , s t o r y i n g .

To d a y, t h e s t o r i e s o f H o l o c a u s t s u r v i v o r s h a v e s h a p e d t h e J e w i s h w o r l d . T h r o u g h s t o r y i n g , s u r v i v o r s h a v e b e e n a b l e t o a d d r e s s p r o f o u n d p e r s o n a l t r a u m a a n d s e r v e a s a v i t a l l i n k c o n n e c t i n g t h e c o n t e m p o r a r y J e w i s h w o r l d t o o u r r e c e n t p a s t . F o r a g e n e r a t i o n o f J e w s t h a t g r e w u p o u t s i d e t h e H o l o c a u s t , t h e s e s t o r i e s e n s u r e t h a t t h e t r a g e d i e s o f t h e p a s t a r e n o t f o r g o t t e n a n d t h a t w e r e -m a i n s t e a d f a s t i n o u r c o m m i t m e n t s t o c o m b a t i n t o l e r a n c e a n d p r o m o t e j u s t i c e . T h i s p u t s u s i n t h e u n i q u e p o s i t i o n o f b e i n g a b l e t o r e c o g n i z e a n d r e s p o n d t o o t h e r c o m m u n i t i e s

g r a p p l i n g w i t h a c o l l e c t i v e t r a u m a . A n d y e t , e v e n w i t h s t o r y i n g

d e e p l y r o o t e d i n o u r t r a d i t i o n , J e w i s h s o c i a l a c t i o n t e n d s t o f o -c u s i t s e f f o r t s o n p h y s i c a l l y m a n i -f e s t e d n e e d s w i t h o u t a d d r e s s i n g p s y c h o l o g i c a l l y m a n i f e s t e d n e e d s , l i k e p o s t - t r a u m a t i c s t r e s s d i s o r d e r , m e n t a l h e a l t h , a n d l o s s o f c o l l e c t i v e m e m o r y. A s a m o v e m e n t , w e c a n n o t a f f o r d t o p i c k a n d c h o o s e w h i c h a s p e c t s o f i n j u s t i c e t o a d d r e s s .

T h e n e e d t o f o c u s o n p s y c h o -l o g i c a l t r a u m a h a s b e e n r e c o g n i z e d b y s e v e r a l g r o u p s i n N e w O r l e a n s t h a t e n c o u r a g e p a r t i c i p a n t s t o t e l l s t o r i e s i n o r d e r t o f i g h t i n j u s t i c e a n d h e a l . J u n e b u g P r o d u c t i o n s , f o r e x a m p l e , i s a n a r t s o r g a n i z a t i o n t h a t a d d r e s s e s t h e A f r i c a n - A m e r -i c a n e x p e r i e n c e t h r o u g h t h e a t e r , m u s i c , d a n c e , a n d s t o r y i n g . T h e y f a c i l i t a t e S t o r y C i r c l e s , a m e t h o d d e v e l o p e d t o f o s t e r t h e s h a r i n g a n d s h a p i n g o f p e r s o n a l s t o r i e s a n d t o h e l p p a r t i c i p a n t s s e e l a r g e r t r e n d s t h a t r e l a t e t o t h e i r o w n e x p e r i e n c e s , i n c l u d i n g p a t t e r n s o f r a c i s m , c l a s -s i s m , a n d s e x i s m t h a t c a n b e d i f -f i c u l t t o d i s c e r n .

“ W h e n w e t e l l s t o r i e s ,” s a y s J u n e b u g P r o d u c t i o n s f o u n d e r J o h n O ’ N e a l , “ w e a r e s h a r i n g w i t h e a c h

o t h e r h o w w e p u t t h i n g s t o g e t h e r .” T h e r e i s a l s o t h e N e i g h b o r h o o d

S t o r y P r o j e c t ( N S P ) , a n o n p r o f i t t h a t w o r k s w i t h N e w O r l e a n s r e s i -d e n t s t o w r i t e a n d c o l l e c t s t o r i e s o f t h e i r n e i g h b o r h o o d s ; t h e i r s l o g a n i s “ O u r S t o r i e s To l d B y U s .” T h e N S P i n d e p e n d e n t l y p u b l i s h e s t h e f i n a l w o r k t o b e s o l d a n d d i s t r i b -u t e d t h r o u g h o u t t h e c o m m u n i t y. I n 2 0 0 5 , t h e N S P p u b l i s h e d T h e C o m b i n a t i o n , a b o o k w r i t t e n b y a h i g h s c h o o l s t u d e n t t h a t t e l l s t h e s t o r y o f t h e L a f i t t e H o u s i n g P r o j e c t t h r o u g h i n t e r v i e w s , p h o t o g r a p h s , p o e m s , a n d o b s e r v a t i o n s .

To d a y L a f i t t e h a s b e e n e n t i r e l y d e m o l i s h e d a n d i t s r e s i d e n t s h a v e b e e n s c a t t e r e d a c r o s s t h e c i t y a n d t h e c o u n t r y, b u t T h e C o m b i n a t i o n

s u r v i v e s i n t h e h a n d s o f m a n y w h o c a l l e d L a f i t t e h o m e . T h e N S P m a y n o t b e r e b u i l d i n g L a f i t t e , o r e v e n p e t i t i o n i n g p o l i t i c i a n s t o u p h o l d t h e F a i r H o u s i n g A c t , b u t t h e y a r e u n q u e s t i o n a b l y r e s p o n d i n g t o s o -c i e t a l i n e q u i t i e s a n d f i g h t i n g f o r s o c i a l j u s t i c e i n p o w e r f u l w a y s .

S o h e r e ’s a n i d e a : W h a t i f o n y o u r n e x t v o l u n t e e r t r i p t o N e w O r-l e a n s y o u h i t t h e s t r e e t s w i t h n o t e -

b o o k s a n d d i g i t a l r e c o r d e r s i n s t e a d o f n a i l s a n d h a m m e r s ? W h a t i f y o u r w h o l e m i s s i o n w a s t o c o l l e c t p e o -p l e ’s s t o r i e s a n d t o l i s t e n t o t h e m ? W h a t i f y o u r a i s e d m o n e y t o g e t t h e i r s t o r i e s p r i n t e d a n d d i s t r i b u t e d t h e m t h r o u g h o u t t h a t c o m m u n i t y ? W h a t i f y o u l e a r n e d t o m o d e r a t e S t o r y C i r c l e s a n d h o s t e d t h e m a t c o m m u n i t y c e n t e r s , o n s t r e e t c o r -n e r s , a n d i n c h u r c h e s ?

T h e J e w i s h a c t i v i s t c o m m u n i t y s h o u l d b e l e a d i n g t h i s m o v e m e n t . We s h o u l d t a k e t h e i n i t i a t i v e t o a d d r e s s p s y c h o l o g i c a l t r a u m a d i -r e c t l y b y i n c o r p o r a t i n g s t o r y i n g i n t o o u r v i s i o n o f r e p a i r i n g t h e w o r l d , a n d h o n o r o u r o w n h i s t o r i e s w h i l e f i n d i n g i n n o v a t i v e w a y s t o p u r s u e s o c i a l j u s t i c e .

I t h a s b e c o m e a n i n t e g r a l p a r t o f o u r l i v e s i n N e w O r l e a n s t o a l w a y s c o n s i d e r t h e s t o r i e s o f w h o e v e r w e m e e t . W h a t ’s y o u r K a t r i n a s t o r y ? PT

l e a h va r s a n o i s a m e m b e r o f AV O DA H : T h e J e w i s h S e r -v i c e C o r p s i n N e w O r l e a n s ,

w h e r e s h e w o r k s a s a c o m mu n i t y o r g a n i z e r o n i s s u e s o f n e i g h b o r h o o d r e v i t a l i z a t i o n .

ta m a r to l e d a n o i s a m e m b e r o f AV O DA H i n N e w O r l e a n s w h e r e s h e w o r k s w i t h l o c a l

y o u t h t o c r e a t e a r t p r o j e c t s t h a t r a i s e aw a r e n e s s o f s o c i a l j u s t i c e i s s u e s .

W h a t i f y o u h i t t h e s t r e e t s w i t h n o t e b o o k s a n d d i g i t a l r e c o r d e r s i n s t e a d o f n a i l s a n d h a m m e r s ?

An AVODAH corps member storying with kids. Photo provided by AVODAH.



M i r i a m L i e b m a n , a n o t h e r y o u n g D e t r o i t e r , s a y s t h a t w h i l e m a n y v i e w D e t r o i t a s a l o s t c a u s e , “p e o p l e o f o u r g e n e r a t i o n d o n ’t v i e w i t t h a t w a y.” S h e s e e s a n i n s p i r i n g l e v e l o f d e d i c a t i o n t h e r e , a d d i n g t h a t w i t h i t s s m a l l , s t r u g g l i n g J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y, i t i s p o s s i b l e t o f e e l a p a r t o f s o m e t h i n g s p e c i a l a n d r e a l . S h e h o p e s o n e d a y m o r e s e r v i c e o r -g a n i z a t i o n s , l i k e AVO DA H , w i l l c o m e t o D e t r o i t .

N o s a n d e s c r i b e d F r i d a y n i g h t s a t D e t r o i t ’ s I s a a c A g r e e D o w n t o w n S y n a g o g u e , C o n s e r v a t i v e b y a f f i l i -a t i o n : “ S e r v i c e s a r e a t t e n d e d b y a n u n p r e d i c t a b l e m i x o f y o u n g a n d o l d , n e w a n d r e t u r n i n g … W h a t I l o v e a b o u t i t i s t h a t i t ’ s a J e w i s h s p a c e t h a t i s r e a l l y o p e n - e n d e d . F r i d a y n i g h t s a r e c o m m u n i t y - l e d , d r i v e n b y d e m a n d a n d t h e k n o w l e d g e o f t h e p a r t i c i p a n t s . . . I t ’ s w h a t I n e e d r i g h t n o w a s a y o u n g p e r s o n . I w a n t t o b e s u r r o u n d e d b y f r i e n d s a n d c o m m u n i t y a n d s i n g i n g a n d l a u g h -i n g , a n d i t r e a l l y s e r v e s t h a t n e e d .”

W h i l e s o m e y o u n g J e w s c o n t i n u e t o l e a v e D e t r o i t f o r e c o n o m i c a l l y h e a l t h i e r c i t i e s , o t h e r s a r e c r e a t i n g a g r o w i n g , e n e r g i z e d c o m m u n i t y. Wo r k i n g t o r e b u i l d a c i t y t h e y f e e l n o t i n d e b t e d t o , b u t e x c i t e d a b o u t , t h e y h o p e t h e i r e x a m p l e w i l l s o m e -d a y s e r v e a s a m o d e l f o r o t h e r c i t -i e s . PT

l i z Ko h n i s a m a s t e r ’ s c a n -d i d a t e a t t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f M i c h i g a n S c h o o l o f S o c i a l

Wo r k a n d i s e n r o l l e d i n t h e n e w J e w -i s h C o m mu n a l L e a d e r s h i p P r o g r a m .

t d i d n o t t a k e l o n g a f t e r t h e G r e a t R e c e s s i o n h i t i n 2 0 0 7 f o r D e t r o i t t o e m e r g e a s a s y m b o l o f A m e r i c a n c r i s i s . M o s t o f D e -

t r o i t ’ s y o u n g J e w i s h p r o f e s s i o n a l s h a v e c h o s e n t o c h a s e t h e i r d r e a m s i n m o r e p r o s p e r o u s u r b a n a t m o -s p h e r e s . Ye t e v e n i n t h e w a k e o f d i s a s t e r , a s m a l l b u t v i b r a n t w a v e o f J e w i s h r e n e w a l i s g a t h e r i n g m o -m e n t u m a n d p r o v i d i n g h o p e f o r D e t r o i t ’ s f u t u r e .

E u r o p e a n J e w s f i r s t a r r i v e d i n D e t r o i t a r o u n d 18 4 0 a n d w i t h i n t h e f i r s t g e n e r a t i o n s b e g a n b u y i n g r a n c h e s a n d f a r m s i n i t s n e i g h b o r -i n g s u b u r b s . I n 19 67, t h e D e t r o i t R i o t s s p a r k e d t h e “ w h i t e f l i g h t ,” a s u d d e n m a s s d e p a r t u r e f r o m t h e c i t y c e n t e r . T h e u r b a n J e w i s h p o p u l a -t i o n h a s s i n c e d w i n d l e d t o a b o u t 7 2 , 0 0 0 , a c c o r d i n g t o a 2 0 0 5 J e w i s h F e d e r a t i o n o f M e t r o p o l i t a n D e t r o i t s t u d y, i n c l u d i n g O a k l a n d , Wa y n e , a n d M a c o m b c o u n t i e s .

“ D e t r o i t i s a c o m p l i c a t e d , c o m -p l i c a t e d p l a c e ,” s a i d B l a i r N o s a n , a 25 - y e a r - o l d r e s i d e n t a n d J e w i s h f a r m e r / f o o d p r e s e r v a t i o n i s t . A n a d v o c a t e f o r f o o d j u s t i c e a n d t h e a c c e s s i b i l i t y o f h e a l t h y p r o d u c e , N o s a n d o e s f r e e l a n c e f o o d e d u c a -t i o n w o r k i n b o t h s u b u r b a n a n d u r b a n c o m m u n i t i e s a n d s t r i v e s t o f o r g e c o n n e c t i o n s b e t w e e n t h e t w o .

A f t e r e i g h t m o n t h s a t A DA -

on the move >> liz kohn

lessons from the jewish social action forum >> david brown

detROit

setting the agenda

I

M A H , a J e w i s h e n v i r o n m e n t a l f e l l o w s h i p i n C o n n e c t i c u t , N o s a n r e t u r n e d t o D e t r o i t o u t o f n e i t h e r g u i l t n o r o b l i g a t i o n b u t a d e s i r e t o c r e a t e a l i f e i n a n u r b a n e n v i r o n -m e n t n e a r h e r f a m i l y. “ [ D e t r o i t ] d e f i n i t e l y w o n ’t g e t b e t t e r i f e v e r y -o n e c o n t i n u e s t o a b a n d o n i t ,” s h e s a i d , a d d i n g t h a t i t i s t h e d e s i r e a n d m o t i v a t i o n t o p a r t i c i p a t e — c o m m u -n i t y i n v o l v e m e n t — t h a t m a t t e r s .

W h a t s h e d e s c r i b e s a s a “ d e a r t h o f c o n v e n t i o n a l o u t l e t s ” h a s p u s h e d i n n o v a t i v e s o l u t i o n s l i k e t h e C o r k -t o w n C o m m u n i t y K i t c h e n , w i t h w h i c h s h e i s i n v o l v e d . S t a r t e d b y t h e o r g a n i z a t i o n D e t r o i t E v o l u t i o n , i t p r o v i d e s a c o m m u n a l s p a c e f o r f o o d e d u c a t i o n , o u t r e a c h , a n d l a r g e c o m m u n i t y m e a l s f e a t u r i n g f r e s h p r o d u c e . N o s a n h o p e s i t c a n “p r o -v i d e a m o d e l f o r c o m m u n i t i e s i n t e r -e s t e d i n h a v i n g s i m i l a r r e s o u r c e s .”

O t h e r c r e a t i v e h a p p e n i n g s i n -c l u d e l a s t s u m m e r ’s c o m m u n i t y c h i c k e n r a c e , f e a t u r i n g l i v e c h i c k -e n s . D e t r o i t ’ s f i r s t r a c e o f t h i s n a t u r e , t h e t a g - l i n e h u m o r o u s l y p r o c l a i m e d , “ c i t y c h i c k e n s o n l y.” T h e w i n n e r ’s p r o c e e d s w e n t t o t h e o r g a n i z a t i o n o f t h e i r c h o i c e ; Te a m A n t h e a w o n , r a i s i n g $ 255 f o r t h e S t i l l Po i n t B u d d h i s t C e n t e r .

L i k e N o s a n , Z a c k S k l a r , 25 - y e a r - o l d c h e f /o w n e r o f C u t t i n g E d g e C u i s i n e , c a m e b a c k t o D e t r o i t f r o m H y d e P a r k , N Y t o b e c l o s e r t o f a m i l y. F o r h i m , b r i n g i n g b a c k J e w s i s s y n o n y m o u s w i t h b r i n g i n g b a c k j o b s . H e s a w i n h i s r e t u r n a n o p p o r t u n i t y t o u s e h i s s k i l l s t o s t a r t a l o c a l c a t e r i n g c o m p a n y.

h r e e y e a r s a g o , t h e J e w i s h S o c i a l A c t i o n F o r u m ( J S A F — i n i t i a l l y t h e J e w i s h M a k e Po v e r t y H i s t o r y

C o a l i t i o n ) o r g a n i z e d a s a f o r u m f o r p r o f e s s i o n a l s i n t h e U K w i t h a g e n e r a l i n t e r e s t o r s p e c i f i c a g e n d a i n s o c i a l j u s t i c e . T h e F o r u m ’s d e v e l o p m e n t s — i n c l u d i n g i n c r e a s e d p r o f e s s i o n a l l e a d e r s h i p , m o v i n g f r o m m a i n l y l i n k i n g J e w s w i t h w i d e r

c a m p a i g n s t o c u l t i v a t i n g a d i s t i n c t J e w i s h s o c i a l a c t i o n c a m p a i g n a g e n d a , a n d e s t a b l i s h i n g i t s e l f w i t h i n t h e m a i n s t r e a m c o m m u n a l l a n d s c a p e — h a v e a l l o w e d f o r i n c r e a s e d i m p a c t a n d a g r e a t e r s e n s e o f d i r e c t i o n , y e t h a v e p o s e d t h e i r o w n c h a l l e n g e s . D o e s m a i n t a i n i n g s u f f i c i e n t c o n s e n s u s l i m i t J S A F ’s r o l e i n m o r e a s s e r t i v e c a m p a i g n i n g ? W i t h i n c r e a s e d p r o f e s s i o n a l i z a t i o n ,

h o w d o e s J S A F m o b i l i z e l a y a n d w i d e r s u p p o r t ? H e r e a r e l e s s o n s l e a r n e d f o r c o m m u n a l o r g a n i z i n g f o r s o c i a l c h a n g e :

C R e at e a C o M M u n a l f o R C e

J S A F ’s f i r s t a p p r o a c h w a s t o l i n k u p w i t h w i d e r s o c i a l a c t i o n c a m p a i g n s . J S A F b u i l t a r e l a t i o n -s h i p w i t h t h e F a i r t r a d e F o u n d a t i o n (w w w. f a i r t r a d e . o r g . u k ) , c u l m i n a t -


T


i n g i n t h e p r o d u c t i o n o f t h e J e w i s h G u i d e t o F a i r t r a d e , 41 s y n a g o g u e s s i g n i n g u p t o b e F a i r t r a d e , a n d a s o c i a l e n t e r p r i s e s e l l i n g F a i r t r a d e k i p p o t , w i t h o v e r £ 6 0 0 0 w o r t h o f s a l e s t o d a t e .

W h i l e a l s o e m p l o y i n g t h i s a p -p r o a c h , t h e m o s t r e c e n t , l a r g e s t c a m p a i g n o f J S A F, t h e B i g G r e e n J e w i s h We b s i t e (w w w. b i g g r e e n j e w -i s h . o r g ) & B i g G r e e n J e w i s h C a m -p a i g n — l a u n c h e d i n t h e b u i l d - u p t o t h e C o p e n h a g e n C l i m a t e C h a n g e C o n f e r e n c e — s h i f t e d f r o m r e l i a n c e o n c l i m a t e c h a n g e a s a ‘ h o t t o p i c ’. I n s t e a d , w e s e t t h e a g e n d a f o r o u r o w n b r o a d e r c a m p a i g n t a c k l i n g t h e s e i s s u e s w i t h i n a J e w i s h c o m m u -n i t y c o n t e x t — o u r c u r r e n t f o c u s o n f o o d e n c o m p a s s e s p a c k a g i n g , f o o d m i l e s , a n d s e n s i b l e f i s h a n d m e a t c o n s u m p t i o n . We f o c u s o n g e t t i n g s y n a g o g u e s a n d c o m m u n i t y b u i l d -i n g s t o e n g a g e w i t h e d i b l e g a r d e n s , r e d u c e r e l i a n c e o n d i s p o s a b l e s f o r k a s h r u t , a n d i n c r e a s e J e w i s h o r g a -n i z a t i o n s ’ u s e o f Ve g w a r e .

W h e r e a s p r e v i o u s l y p r o f e s s i o n -a l s w e r e t h e m a i n p a r t i c i p a n t s , r a b -b i s f r o m a c r o s s t h e d e n o m i n a t i o n s w o r k t o g e t h e r o n t h i s a g e n d a . I n a d d i t i o n , i t h a s b e e n s u p p o r t e d b y s e n i o r m e m b e r s o f g o v e r n m e n t — E d M i l i b a n d , t h e n s e c r e t a r y o f s t a t e f o r e n e r g y a n d c l i m a t e c h a n g e , w a s g u e s t s p e a k e r a t a n A g e o f S t u p i d s c r e e n i n g , a n d h i s s u c c e s s o r C h r i s H u h n e e n d o r s e d o u r e d i b l e g a r d e n p r o j e c t f o r s c h o o l s .

C a p I ta l I z e o n t R e n d S o f t h e n e W G e n e R at I o n

A f a c t o r d r a w i n g c o m m u n a l l e a d e r s a n d s e r v i c e p r o v i d e r s t o J S A F i s a p e r c e p t i o n t h a t o u r w o r k e n g a g e s a y o u n g e r d e m o g r a p h i c t h e y a r e n o t r e a c h i n g . W h i l e J S A F m e m -b e r o r g a n i z a t i o n s i n v o l v e a r a n g e o f a g e s , t h e d e m o g r a p h i c m o s t c o m -m o n l y i m p a c t e d t h r o u g h o u r w o r k i s i n f a c t y o u n g e r p e o p l e w h o c o n -n e c t w i t h t h e u n i v e r s a l d i m e n s i o n o f J u d a i s m w e s e e k t o f o s t e r .

A r e c e n t I n t e r n a t i o n a l B r o a d -c a s t i n g Tr u s t s t u d y, G l o b a l G e n e r a -t i o n : H o w y o u n g p e o p l e i n t h e U K c o n n e c t w i t h t h e w i d e r w o r l d , f o u n d t h a t w o r l d i s s u e s a r e i n c r e a s i n g l y a c o n c e r n f o r y o u n g p e o p l e . T h e c h a l l e n g e w i l l b e t r a n s l a t i n g t h a t

c o n c e r n i n t o a c t i o n . N e v e r t h e l e s s , t h e J e w i s h s o c i a l

a c t i o n c o m m u n i t y s h o u l d b e c o n -f i d e n t a b o u t m o t i v a t i n g m e m b e r s o f t h i s n e w g l o b a l g e n e r a t i o n . T h e r e p o r t f o u n d s o m e c o m m o n f a c t o r s a m o n g y o u n g p e o p l e a c t i v e , i n c l u d -i n g e n c o u r a g e m e n t f r o m r e l i g i o u s i n s t i t u t i o n s , c o m i n g f r o m i n t e r -n a t i o n a l f a m i l i e s , o r e x p e r i e n c e o f s o c i a l i n j u s t i c e . J e w i s h e d u c a t i o n a l a p p r o a c h e s t e n d t o b e e x p e r i e n -t i a l a n d u n d e r p i n n e d b y a s e n s e o f d u g m a i s h i t ( l e a d i n g b y e x a m p l e ) . M a n y J e w s h a v e d i r e c t o r i n d i r e c t e x p e r i e n c e o f i n j u s t i c e , a n d m a n y o f o u r n a r r a t i v e s a n d c u s t o m s l i n k o u r e x p e r i e n c e w i t h a w i d e r p u s h f o r j u s t i c e , s u c h a s p l a c i n g a c h a n u k i a h i n t h e w i n d o w a s a s i g n o f h o p e f o r o p p r e s s e d p e o p l e e v e r y w h e r e . J e w i s h s o c i a l a c t i o n s h o u l d h a v e a f e r t i l e g r o u n d o f y o u n g p e o p l e f o r w h o m c o n n e c t i n g w i t h i n j u s t i c e i s o b v i o u s .

l I n K a n d S h a R e G l o B a l ly

J S A F h a s b e e n k e e n t o d e v e l o p r e l a t i o n s h i p s w i t h p a r t n e r s i n E u -r o p e , A m e r i c a , a n d I s r a e l . R u t h M e s s i n g e r , A J W S ’s p r e s i d e n t , w a s t h e k e y n o t e s p e a k e r a t t h e D a r f u r r a l l y. T h e J e w i s h G u i d e t o F a i r t r a d e w a s a d a p t e d t o a H e b r e w r e s o u r c e b y t h e I s r a e l i o r g a n i z a t i o n B e m a ’a g l e i Tz e d e k . M e m b e r o r g a n i z a t i o n Tz e -d e k h a s w o r k e d w i t h A J W S , J e n -e r a t i o n a n d J C C h a v e p a r t i c i p a t e d i n P a i d e i a a n d R O I c o n f e r e n c e s , a n d M i t z v a h D a y — n o w i n i t s f i f t h y e a r — m o b i l i z e d 2 0 , 0 0 0 v o l u n t e e r s w o r l d w i d e . J S A F i s t h e E u r o p e a n p a r t n e r w o r k i n g o n S I AC H ( p . 2 2 -2 3 ) a n d h o p e s t h i s n e t w o r k w i l l e n -a b l e t h i s e m e r g i n g s h a r i n g t o b u i l d i n t o c o n c r e t e p a r t n e r s h i p .

d o n ’ t G e t d I S t R aC t e d B y t h e e l e p h a n t I n t h e R o o M

O n e c h a l l e n g e f a c i n g J S A F i s I s -r a e l . W h i l e i t m a y b e e x p e c t e d t h a t m a n y c o m m i t t e d t o J e w i s h v a l u e s o f j u s t i c e w o u l d b e s y m p a t h e t i c t o a d d r e s s i n g t h e m a n y i n e q u a l i t i e s i n I s r a e l i s o c i e t y, J S A F t o o k t h e p r a g m a t i c v i e w t h a t , t o e s t a b l i s h o u r s e l v e s w i t h m a i n s t r e a m o r g a n i -z a t i o n s a n d e n a b l e t h e w i d e s t s p e c -t r u m o f r e l i g i o u s d e n o m i n a t i o n s t o f e e l c o m f o r t a b l e o n t h e f o r u m ,

I s r a e l s h o u l d b e l e f t o u t o f t h e e q u a t i o n . N e v e r t h e l e s s , s o m e i n s i s t t h i s a p p r o a c h m a y n o t b e p o s s i b l e l o n g - t e r m . R a b b i J o n a t h a n W i t -t e n b e r g , l e a d e r i n t h e U K M a s o r t i M o v e m e n t , r e s p o n d e d t o l a s t y e a r ’s u p r o a r a m o n g U K J e w r y r e g a r d i n g s o m e c o m m u n i t y l e a d e r s ’ r e m a r k s o n I s r a e l ’ s a p p r o a c h t o t h e p e a c e p r o c e s s . H i s N o v e m b e r 25 , 2 010 c o m m e n t s i n T h e J e w i s h C h r o n i c l e a l s o c h a l l e n g e d J S A F ’s h a n d l i n g o f I s r a e l : “ J u s t i c e a n d c o m p a s s i o n a r e t h e h e a r t o f J e w i s h e t h i c s … We d o n o t h a v e t h e l i b e r t y o f d e b a t i n g o n o n e f r o n t o n l y… We c a n n o t a v o i d t h e i s s u e s .”

aC t I vat e J e W I S h ly

B y e n g a g i n g p e o p l e w i t h J u d a -i s m ’s n e a r s i x - m i l l e n n i a l s t r u g g l e t o g r a p p l e w i t h l i f e ’ s b i g g e s t q u e s -t i o n s , w e n o t o n l y s h a p e a m e s s a g e o n s l a v e r y o r w a s t e f u l d e s t r u c t i o n . We a l s o i m b u e t h o s e w e t o u c h w i t h a p r o f o u n d s p i r i t u a l a n d m a t e r i a l p u r p o s e — n o t w i t h f o r c e d d o g m a — b u t w i t h a f r a m e w o r k t o s u p p o r t t h e i r j o u r n e y o f a c t i v i s m .

M a n y q u e s t i o n s r e m a i n . H o w d o w e e n g a g e a c t i v i s t s w i t h J u d a i s m b e c a u s e i t p r o v i d e s a f r a m e w o r k o f v a l u e s p u s h i n g u s t o p u r s u e j u s t i c e r a t h e r t h a n b e c a u s e w e w a n t u n a f -f i l i a t e d J e w i s h a c t i v i s t s t o b e m o r e l i t e r a t e a n d m a y b e b e c o m e m o r e a f f i l i a t e d ? H o w d o w e a r t i c u l a t e a d i s t i n c t J e w i s h s o c i a l a g e n d a w h i l e p a r t i c i p a t i n g i n a b r o a d e r g l o b a l m o v e m e n t a d d r e s s i n g i n j u s t i c e ?

We c o n t i n u e t o g r a p p l e w i t h s u c h q u e s t i o n s a s w e w o r k t o c e m e n t J e w i s h s o c i a l a c t i o n a s a c u r r e n t c o m m u n i t y e n d e a v o u r a n d e t e r n a l t e n e t o f J e w i s h i d e n t i f i c a t i o n . PT

d a v i d B r o w n i s t h e J e w i s h S o c i a l A c t i o n F o r u m c o o r d i -n a t o r .

The Fair Trade Campaign. Photo provided by JSAF.



n r e c e n t y e a r s , N o r t h A m e r i -c a n J e w i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e a n d e n v i r o n m e n t a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s h a v e e x p e r i e n c e d a p e r i o d o f

t r e m e n d o u s g r o w t h a n d i n c r e a s e d v i s i b i l i t y. T h e m e t e o r i c r i s e o f t h e A m e r i c a n J e w i s h Wo r l d S e r v i c e ( A J W S ) , f r o m a n e a r l y d e f u n c t o r -g a n i z a t i o n m e r e l y a d e c a d e a g o t o a $ 4 3 m i l l i o n e n t e r p r i s e i n 2 0 0 9 , i s t h e m o s t o b v i o u s e x a m p l e . A l o n g -s i d e A J W S a r e a t l e a s t 15 0 o t h e r n o n p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n s , w h i c h a r e a t t r a c t i n g i n c r e a s e d n u m b e r s o f y o u n g J e w s a n d e n g a g i n g t h e m b y c o m b i n i n g h a n d s - o n a c t i v i s m w i t h J e w i s h l e a r n i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e s .

N o t o n l y a r e i n d i v i d u a l o r g a -n i z a t i o n s t h r i v i n g , b u t t h e r e i s a g r o w i n g r e c o g n i t i o n o f t h e e x i s -t e n c e o f a d i s t i n c t f i e l d o f J e w -i s h e n v i r o n m e n t a n d s o c i a l j u s -t i c e w o r k , d e m a n d i n g a t t e n t i o n a n d c u l t i v a t i o n . I n 2 0 0 9 , w e w i t -n e s s e d a w i d e v a r i e t y o f e x c i t i n g , n e w, f i e l d - b u i l d i n g v e n t u r e s : t h e l a u n c h o f O n1 f o o t , a u s e r - f r i e n d l y w e b s i t e o f J e w i s h t e x t s a n d s o u r c e b o o k l e t s o n c o n t e m p o r a r y s o c i a l

siach connects the conversation >> dyonna ginsburg

cOllabORatiOn at yOuR seRvice

I j u s t i c e i s s u e s ; t h e c r e a t i o n o f t h e J e w i s h S o c i a l J u s t i c e R o u n d t a b l e , a c o a l i t i o n o f l e a d i n g J e w i s h s o -c i a l j u s t i c e o r g a n i z a t i o n s ; a n d t h e f o u n d i n g o f R e p a i r t h e Wo r l d , a n e w o r g a n i z a t i o n a i m e d a t m a k i n g s e r v i c e a d e f i n i n g p a r t o f A m e r i c a n

J e w i s h l i f e . A n d i n t e r e s t i n s o c i a l j u s t i c e

a n d t h e e n v i r o n m e n t w i t h i n a u n i q u e l y J e w i s h c o n t e x t h a s s u r g e d o u t s i d e o f N o r t h A m e r i c a a s w e l l . T h e J e w i s h S o c i a l A c t i o n F o r u m ( J S A F ) i n t h e U K , a n u m b r e l l a o r g a n i z a t i o n u n i t i n g a v a r i e t y o f J e w i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e o r g a n i z a t i o n s a s w e l l a s l a r g e r J e w i s h o r g a n i z a -t i o n s w i t h d e d i c a t e d p e r s o n n e l i n t h e s o c i a l j u s t i c e f i e l d , i s a p r o m i -n e n t e x a m p l e ( p . 2 0 -21) . S i m i l a r l y,

a g r o w i n g n u m b e r o f I s r a e l i o r g a n i -z a t i o n s , s u c h a s B e m a ’a g l e i Tz e d e k (w w w. m t z e d e k . o r g . i l ) , t h e H e s c h e l C e n t e r (w w w. h e s c h e l . o r g . i l ) , Te v e l B ’ Tz e d e k (w w w. t e v e l b t z e d e k . o r g ) , B I N A (w w w. b i n a . o r g . i l ) , Te v a I v r i (w w w. t e v a i v r i . o r g . i l ) , a n d M i z r a c h S h e m e s h (w w w. m i z r a c h . o r g . i l ) , a r e a l s o p r o v i d i n g n e w a v e n u e s f o r I s -r a e l i s t o e x p l o r e t h e i r J e w i s h i d e n -t i t y t h r o u g h p r a c t i c a l s o c i a l a c t i o n .

I f N o r t h A m e r i c a , E u r o p e , a n d I s r a e l h a v e e a c h s p a w n e d r a p i d l y -g r o w i n g , J e w i s h l y - i n s p i r e d s o c i a l c h a n g e o r g a n i z a t i o n s , w h y h a s k n o w l e d g e - s h a r i n g a n d c o l l a b o r a -t i o n b e t w e e n t h e s e o r g a n i z a t i o n s b e e n s p o r a d i c a t b e s t ?

I t w a s i n D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 8 t h a t I f i r s t b e g a n t o u n d e r s t a n d t h e a n s w e r t o t h i s q u e s t i o n . W h i l e s p e a k i n g t o a g r o u p o f J e w i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e p r o f e s s i o n a l s i n m i d t o w n M a n h a t t a n , I l o o k e d a r o u n d t h e r o o m a n d t h o u g h t : T h e s e p e o p l e b e a r a s t r i k i n g r e s e m b l a n c e t o m y o w n s t a f f h a l f w a y a c r o s s t h e g l o b e a t B e m a ’a g l e i Tz e d e k . T h e y a r e o f s i m i l a r a g e , i n s p i r e d b y t h e s a m e c a n o n o f J e w i s h t e x t s , s h a r e s i m i l a r e x p e r i e n c e s i n a d v o c a t i n g o n b e h a l f o f d i s e n f r a n c h i s e d p o p u l a t i o n s , a n d a r e e q u a l l y p a s s i o n a t e a b o u t l e a d i n g s y s t e m i c s o c i a l c h a n g e .

B u t , m y i n i t i a l f e e l i n g s o f c a -m a r a d e r i e a n d c o n n e c t i o n w e r e q u i c k l y r e p l a c e d b y a s o b e r r e a l i z a -t i o n : B e m a ’a g l e i Tz e d e k ’s n a t i v e -

b o r n I s r a e l i s t a f f w i l l p r o b a b l y n e v e r i n t e r a c t w i t h t h e s e N o r t h A m e r i c a n c o l l e a g u e s , s i n c e f e w o p -p o r t u n i t i e s e x i s t f o r m e a n i n g f u l c o m m u n i c a t i o n a n d c o l l a b o r a t i o n b e t w e e n I s r a e l i s o c i a l j u s t i c e a n d e n v i r o n m e n t a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s a n d t h e i r c o u n t e r p a r t s a b r o a d .

W h i l e i n t h e U S , I l e a r n e d t h a t s o m e o f t h e l e a d i n g J e w i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e o r g a n i z a t i o n s h a v e a p o l i c y — i n s o m e c a s e s b o a r d - d r i v e n a n d f a i r l y p u b l i c , i n o t h e r c a s e s d e f a c t o

T h e r e i s a g r o w i n g r e c o g n i t i o n o f t h e e x i s t e n c e o f a d i s t i n c t f i e l d o f J e w i s h e n v i r o n m e n t a n d s o c i a l j u s t i c e w o r k , d e m a n d i n g a t t e n t i o n a n d c u l t i v a t i o n .

Talmud meyve l’Maaseh: Learning inspires action at the 2009 Hazon Food Conference. Photo by Rudi Halbright.

idea

s

presentense.org/magazine ideas


a n d u n s p o k e n — n o t t o c o l l a b o r a t e w i t h I s r a e l i o r g a n i z a t i o n s . D u e t o t h e I s r a e l i - P a l e s t i n i a n c o n f l i c t , I s r a e l i s c o n s i d e r e d t o b e t o o d i v i -s i v e , c o m p l i c a t e d , a n d p o l i t i c a l l y -s e n s i t i v e t o b e b r o a c h e d , l e t a l o n e p a r t n e r e d w i t h , e v e n o n i s s u e s t h a t o s t e n s i b l y h a v e l i t t l e t o d o w i t h I s -r a e l ’ s t r e a t m e n t o f t h e P a l e s t i n i a n s .

B a c k h o m e i n J e r u s a l e m , t h i n g s w e r e n o t m u c h b e t t e r . A l t h o u g h s o m e I s r a e l i o r g a n i z a t i o n s h a d t r i e d t o p a r t n e r w i t h c o u n t e r p a r t s a b r o a d , o t h e r s h a d l i t t l e i n t e r e s t i n d o i n g s o . F e e l i n g m i n i m a l c o n n e c -t i o n t o J e w s o u t s i d e o f t h e S t a t e o f I s r a e l a n d /o r a l i e n a t e d f r o m J e w -i s h d i s c o u r s e , t h e y c o u l d s e e l i t t l e v a l u e i n c o l l a b o r a t i n g w i t h J e w i s h c o m m u n i t i e s i n N o r t h A m e r i c a a n d E u r o p e .

I t w a s t h e n t h a t I b e g a n i m a g i n -i n g w h a t a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l n e t w o r k o f J e w i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e a n d e n v i -r o n m e n t p r o f e s s i o n a l s w o u l d l o o k l i k e . T h i s n e t w o r k w o u l d t a c k l e t h e “ b i g p i c t u r e ” q u e s t i o n s p o s s i b l e o n l y i n a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l c o n t e x t : H o w c a n w e g a l v a n i z e t h e J e w i s h Pe o p l e t o p l a y a d i s t i n c t r o l e i n r e s p o n d i n g t o c l i m a t e c h a n g e a n d f o s t e r i n g s u s t a i n a b i l i t y b e f o r e t h e n e x t S h m i t t a y e a r ( e n d o f t h e s e v e n -y e a r s a b b a t i c a l c y c l e ) ? H o w c a n t h e g l o b a l J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y d o u b l e t h e n u m b e r o f J e w i s h y o u n g a d u l t s o n s e r v i c e l e a r n i n g p r o g r a m s ? W h a t w o u l d i t t a k e f o r t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y t o r a l l y a r o u n d t h e c a u s e o f t r a n s f o r m i n g I s r a e l i n t o t h e f i r s t c a r b o n - f r e e c o u n t r y i n t h e w o r l d ?

E x a c t l y t w o y e a r s l a t e r , B e m a ’a g l e i Tz e d e k , a l o n g w i t h H a z o n i n N o r t h A m e r i c a (w w w.h a z o n . o r g ) a n d J S A F i n t h e U K , i s n o w i n t h e t h r o e s o f l a u n c h i n g

S i a c h : A n E n v i r o n m e n t a n d S o c i a l J u s t i c e C o n v e r s a t i o n , t h a n k s t o t h e g e n e r o u s s u p p o r t o f t h e U J A F e d e r a t i o n o f N e w Yo r k . S i a c h , a g l o b a l n e t w o r k o f e x p e r i e n c e d J e w -i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e a n d e n v i r o n m e n t p r o f e s s i o n a l s a n d l a y p e o p l e , w i l l b e a n c h o r e d i n a s e r i e s o f c o n f e r -e n c e s r o t a t i n g a r o u n d t h e g l o b e . O n e h u n d r e d t w e n t y p a r t i c i p a n t s —a p p r o x i m a t e l y 4 0 % f r o m I s r a e l , 4 0 % f r o m N o r t h A m e r i c a , a n d 2 0 % f r o m E u r o p e — w i l l a t t e n d t h e f i r s t c o n f e r e n c e i n M a y 2 011 a t t h e I s a b e l l a F r e e d m a n R e t r e a t C e n t e r i n C o n n e c t i c u t . T h e f i r s t a n n u a l S i a c h c o n f e r e n c e , a n d t h e e n s u i n g n e t w o r k , w i l l e n a b l e J e w -i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e a n d e n v i r o n m e n t a c t i v i s t s t o e s t a b l i s h r e l a t i o n s h i p s a n d p a r t n e r s h i p s c r o s s - b o r d e r , f o s -

t e r a m o r e n u a n c e d u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f e n v i r o n m e n t a n d s o c i a l j u s t i c e w o r k i n I s r a e l a n d t h e J e w i s h c o m -m u n i t y a r o u n d t h e w o r l d , a n d c r e a t e a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l m o v e m e n t o f J e w s w o r k i n g t o g e t h e r o n e n v i r o n m e n t a l a n d s o c i a l j u s t i c e i s s u e s .

B y c o m i n g t o g e t h e r , J e w i s h s o -c i a l j u s t i c e a n d e n v i r o n m e n t p r o f e s -s i o n a l s c a n m o d e l a d i v e r s e , r e s p e c t -f u l , a n d p a s s i o n a t e c o m m u n i t y t h a t e m b o d i e s t i k k u n o l a m i n t h e t r u e s t s e n s e o f t h e t e r m . I n t h e w o r d s o f J u d i t h B e l a s c o , d i r e c t o r o f f o o d p r o g r a m s a t H a z o n , “ O v e r r e c e n t y e a r s , t h e r e h a s b e e n a n i n c r e d -i b l e g r o w t h o f J e w i s h e n v i r o n m e n t a l a n d s o c i a l j u s t i c e o r g a n i z a t i o n s . W h i l e f u n d a m e n t a l g o a l s s u c h a s t z e d a k a h , c h e s e d a n d t i k k u n o l a m a r e t h e s a m e , k n o w l e d g e - s h a r i n g a n d c o l l a b o r a t i o n b e t w e e n t h e s e o r g a n i z a t i o n s h a s b e e n s p o r a d i c . S i a c h p r o v i d e s a p o w e r f u l p l a t f o r m f o r J e w s d e e p l y e n g a g e d i n t h e s e f i e l d s t o f i n d c o m m o n g r o u n d a n d w a y s t o r a i s e t h e w h o l e o f t h e w o r k t h a t i s o c c u r r i n g .” PT

d y o n n a G i n s b u r g i s t h e e x e c -u t i v e d i r e c t o r o f B e m a ’a g l e i Tz e d e k (w w w. m t z e d e k . o r g . i l )

a n d i s i n t h e p r o c e s s o f l a u n c h i n g S i a c h (w w w. s i a c h c o nv e r s a t i o n . o r g )

I b e g a n i m a g i n i n g w h a t a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l n e t w o r k o f J e w i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e a n d e n v i r o n m e n t p r o f e s s i o n a l s w o u l d l o o k l i k e .

Bema’aglei Tzedek partners with Jerusalem wheelchair basketball team to promote accessibility in Israel. Photo provided by Bema’aglei Tzedek.

ideas presentense.org/magazine


f e l t t h a t s o m e t h i n g w a s m i s s -i n g , n a m e l y a n u n d e r s t a n d -i n g o f w h a t i t f u n d a m e n t a l l y m e a n s t o b e J e w i s h .”

T h e s e w o r d s w e r e w r i t t e n b y a y o u n g J e w i n h e r 2 0 s , a Te a c h F o r A m e r i c a c o r p s m e m b e r c o m m i t t e d t o s e r v i c e , t o e d u c a t i o n a l e q u a l -i t y, t o t i k k u n o l a m — a l t h o u g h s h e d i d n ’t k n o w w h a t t h e l a t t e r m e a n t a t t h e t i m e s h e w r o t e t h e m .

N e v e r f e e l i n g a c c e p t e d b y t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y, n e v e r o f f e r e d o p p o r t u n i t i e s t o e x p l o r e h e r J e w i s h i d e n t i t y, s h e d i d n o t c o n n e c t h e r c o m m i t m e n t t o s e r v i c e t o t h e v a l -u e s t h a t u n d e r g i r d J e w i s h l i f e — t o t h e f u n d a m e n t a l m e a n i n g o f w h a t i t m e a n s t o b e J e w i s h .

Yo u n g p e o p l e l i k e h e r — a n d t h e r e a r e t h o u s a n d s o f t h e m , p a r -t i c u l a r l y a m o n g t h o s e c o m m i t t e d t o s o c i a l a c t i o n — a r e u n i q u e i n t h e i r f o c u s o n a s k i n g t h e m s e l v e s f u n d a -m e n t a l q u e s t i o n s a b o u t w h o t h e y a r e , w h a t i m p a c t t h e y w a n t t o h a v e o n t h e w o r l d , h o w t h e y d e f i n e s u c -c e s s , a n d w h a t i t m e a n s t o b e h a p p y a n d f e e l f u l f i l l e d . B l i n d a c c e p t a n c e i s n o t a n o p t i o n . F o r t h e m , b e i n g b o r n J e w i s h i s n o t r e a s o n e n o u g h t o r e m a i n c o n n e c t e d t o J u d a i s m .

T h e i r o n y h e r e — o r p e r h a p s t h e f r u s t r a t i o n — f o r a c o m m u n i t y t h a t s p e n d s m i l l i o n s o f d o l l a r s a n d

c o u n t l e s s h o u r s t r y i n g t o g e t y o u n g p e o p l e t o d o s o m e t h i n g — a n y -t h i n g ! — J e w i s h i n t h i s w o r l d i s t h a t J u d a i s m h a s a t r e m e n d o u s w e a l t h o f t h o u g h t o n t h e v e r y q u e s t i o n s y o u n g J e w s a r e a s k i n g t h e m s e l v e s . I t a l s o h o l d s a t i t s c o r e m a n y o f t h e s a m e v a l u e s .

A n d s o i t g o e s t h a t p e r h a p s p a r t o f t h e a n s w e r t o h o w w e c a n e n -g a g e y o u n g p e o p l e i n J e w i s h l i f e i s m a k i n g a n e x p l i c i t c o n n e c t i o n b e t w e e n t h e v a l u e s y o u n g J e w s e s -p o u s e — n a m e l y, s o c i a l a c t i o n — a n d J e w i s h v a l u e s .

L e t ’s c a l l i t o u r T h e o r y o f R e l -e v a n c y : I f w e c a n f i n d t h e t h i n g s t h a t y o u n g p e o p l e a r e a l r e a d y d o -i n g t h a t a r e r o o t e d i n J e w i s h v a l -u e s a n d h e l p t h e m c o n n e c t t h a t c o m m i t m e n t t o t h e f u n d a m e n t a l m e a n i n g o f w h a t i t i s t o b e J e w i s h t o d a y, t h e n w e h a v e a t o u r d i s p o s a l a c o s t - e f f e c t i v e , i n c r e d i b l y p o w e r -f u l o p p o r t u n i t y t o e n g a g e y o u n g p e o p l e i n J e w i s h l i f e i n a d e e p , m e a n i n g f u l w a y.

I n 2 0 0 9 , a n d a g a i n i n 2 010 ,

o u r f o u n d a t i o n , t o g e t h e r w i t h t h e S a m b e r g F a m i l y F o u n d a t i o n , p l a c e d a b e t o n t h i s t h e o r y : L e t ’ s t a k e a g r o u p o f Te a c h F o r A m e r i c a c o r p s m e m b e r s — e x a c t l y t h e t y p e o f l e a d e r s , m o v e m e n t b u i l d e r s , s o c i a l c h a n g e a g e n t s , a n d r o l e m o d e l s w e w a n t b e i n v e s t i n g i n — o n a f r e e

10 - d a y t r i p t o I s r a e l . L e t ’ s p r o v i d e t h e m w i t h w h a t c a n o n l y b e c o n -s i d e r e d a r e l a t i v e l y s m a l l a m o u n t o f e x p o s u r e t o J e w i s h i d e a s , s a y t h a n k y o u o n b e h a l f o f t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y f o r m a k i n g t h e w o r l d a b e t t e r p l a c e , a n d c r e a t e a s e n s e o f c o m m u n i t y a m o n g t h e s e y o u n g J e w s w h o a r e f i g h t i n g f o r t h e s a m e i s s u e s , n a m e l y e d u c a t i o n a l e q u a l i t y.

T h e r e s u l t , w e t h o u g h t , w o u l d b e a c o m p l e t e l y n e w d e f i n i t i o n o f J e w i s h l i f e — a c o m p l e t e l y d i f f e r -e n t v i s i o n o f w h a t J u d a i s m i s . I t ’ s n o l o n g e r j u s t o b l i g a t o r y H e b r e w s c h o o l c l a s s e s a n d m o n o t o n o u s H i g h H o l i d a y s e r v i c e s w h e r e y o u w a l k o u t k n o w i n g h o w m a n y l i g h t b u l b s a r e i n t h e c e i l i n g b u t l i t t l e e l s e — i t ’s n o w a b o u t w h a t ’s m y r e -

a new reality >> adam simon

theORy OF Relevancy

“IJ u d a i s m h a s a t r e m e n d o u s w e a l t h o f t h o u g h t o n t h e v e r y q u e s t i o n s y o u n g J e w s a r e a s k i n g t h e m s e l v e s .

Group shot of REALITY participants in Israel. Photo provided by the Charles and Lynn Schusterman Family Foundation.

presentense.org/magazine ideas


s p o n s i b i l i t y a s s o m e o n e w h o h a s t o t h o s e w h o d o n ’t h a v e ? H o w d o I h a n d l e c o n f l i c t b e t w e e n c o m m u n i -t i e s a n d p e r s o n a l n e e d s ? H o w d o I s e r v e w i t h o u t t u r n i n g t h e p e o p l e a n d c o m m u n i t i e s I a s p i r e t o h e l p i n t o p r o p s u p o n w h i c h I a l l e v i a t e t h e b u r d e n o f p r i v i l e g e ? A n d f i n a l l y, h o w d o I c r a f t a l i f e f o r m y s e l f t h a t i s f u l l o f m e a n i n g , p u r p o s e , d i r e c -t i o n , f u l f i l l m e n t , a n d f u n ?

A c c o r d i n g t o o u r s o u r c e s —n a m e l y, t h e p a r t i c i p a n t s t h e m s e l v e s , Te a c h F o r A m e r i c a , a n d t h e i m p a c t s t u d y w e c o m m i s s i o n e d — t h i s t r i p , c a l l e d R E A L I T Y, s t r e n g t h e n e d p a r -t i c i p a n t s ’ a l r e a d y - h i g h c o m m i t m e n t t o s e r v i c e ; o p e n e d t h e d o o r t o s e r -v i c e t h r o u g h J e w i s h o r g a n i z a t i o n s ; s t r e n g t h e n e d p a r t i c i p a n t s ’ c o n -n e c t i o n w i t h I s r a e l ; a n d f o r t h o s e p a r t i c i p a n t s w h o s e l f - i d e n t i f i e d a s J e w i s h , h e l p e d t h e m c o n n e c t t h e i r J e w i s h i d e n t i t i e s w i t h t h e i r p a s s i o n f o r s e r v i c e a n d c i v i c e n g a g e m e n t , r e i n f o r c i n g t h e i m p o r t a n c e o f b o t h w i t h i n t h e i r l i v e s a n d p r o v i d i n g a d e e p e r u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f w h a t i t m e a n s t o b e J e w i s h .

We a t Te a c h F o r A m e r i c a a r e t r y i n g t o b u i l d a m o v e m e n t o f l e a d e r s c o m m i t t e d t o e n d i n g e d u c a t i o n a l i n e q u a l i t y i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s . To d o t h i s , f o r t h e p a s t 2 0 y e a r s , w e h a v e r e c r u i t e d , t r a i n e d , a n d s u p p o r t e d r e c e n t c o l l e g e g r a d u a t e s o f a l l a c a d e m i c m a j o r s t o t e a c h f o r t w o y e a r s i n p u b l i c s c h o o l s i n l o w - i n c o m e c o m m u n i t i e s a c r o s s t h e c o u n t r y. We b e l i e v e t h a t , a s a r e s u l t o f w o r k i n g t o c a t c h o u r s t u d e n t s u p , o u r c o r p s m e m b e r s w i l l g a i n t h e a d d e d c o n v i c t i o n , c o m m i t m e n t , a n d i n s i g h t t o s p e n d t h e i r c a r e e r s a d d r e s s i n g t h e m y r i a d r e a s o n s w h y t h e a c h i e v e m e n t g a p b e t w e e n s t u d e n t s f r o m l o w - a n d h i g h - i n c o m e b a c k g r o u n d s e x i s t s .

R E A L I T Y r e p r e s e n t s t h e f i r s t m a j o r p r o g r a m i n r e c e n t m e m o r y t o e n a b l e o u r c o r p s m e m b e r s t o d e e p l y r e f l e c t f o r a n e x t e n d e d p e r i o d o f t i m e a b o u t t h e i r e x p e r i e n c e s i n

t h e c l a s s r o o m , w h a t i t m a k e s t h e m t h i n k a b o u t r o o t c a u s e s o f i n e q u i t y, a n d w h a t t h e y w i s h t o d o w i t h t h e i r l i v e s . R e f l e c t i o n i s a c r i t i c a l p a r t o f m a k i n g m e a n i n g , a n d d o i n g s o i n a n i m m e r s i v e s o c i a l s e t t i n g , w i t h p e e r s w h o h a v e h a d s i m i l a r t r i a l s , w h i l e b e i n g e x p o s e d t o i m p r e s s i v e r o l e m o d e l s , h a s s t i r r e d t h e p o t f o r p a r t i c i p a n t s i n u n p r e c e d e n t e d w a y s .

I s r a e l w a s a n i d e a l s e t t i n g f o r t h i s r e f l e c t i o n . A c o u n t r y t h a t a l s o w r e s t l e s t o a c h i e v e i t s i d e a l s o f e q u a l i t y, I s r a e l s e r v e s a s a h e l p f u l m i r r o r f o r t h e c h a l l e n g e s w e f a c e i n A m e r i c a . C o m b i n e t h a t w i t h t h e n a t i o n ’s i n c r e d i b l e e n t r e p r e n e u r i a l s p i r i t a n d , i n p a r t i c u l a r , i m p r e s s i v e c a d r e o f y o u n g s o c i a l - j u s t i c e -m i n d e d m o v e r s a n d s h a k e r s , a n d y o u h a v e a g r e a t t r a i n i n g g r o u n d f o r l e a d e r s h i p . O f c o u r s e , i t i s a l s o a d e e p l y s p i r i t u a l p l a c e w h e r e o n e c a n c o n s i d e r o n e ’s v a l u e s i n t h e

A l l o f w h i c h b r i n g s u s b a c k t o t h e y o u n g w o m a n w h o s e w o r d s o p e n e d t h i s a r t i c l e . S h e w a s a p a r -t i c i p a n t i n t h e f i r s t R E A L I T Y t r i p , a n d h e r r e f l e c t i o n e n d s l i k e t h i s : “ I a m c u r r e n t l y… t u t o r i n g m y k i d s f o r t h e S ATs a n d b e c a u s e o f t h e t r i p , I f e e l a r e n e w e d s e n s e o f t i k k u n o l a m . I n f a c t , I p l a n o n c r e a t i n g a p a i n t -i n g i n t h e c e n t e r s o I c a n w a k e u p t o t h a t e v e r y m o r n i n g . W h i l e I f e e l r e - i n s p i r e d t o b e g i n m y w o r k i n t h e c l a s s r o o m , I a l s o f e e l a s t r o n g s e n s e o f c o n n e c t i o n t o I s r a e l . W h i l e I a m p l a n n i n g o n e v e n t u a l l y o b t a i n i n g a P h D i n c l i n i c a l p s y c h o l o g y, I a m a l s o s e r i o u s l y l o o k i n g i n t o p r o g r a m s s u c h a s O T Z M A a n d Te a c h F i r s t I s r a e l . A s I l o o k f o r w a r d t o w h a t -e v e r t h e f u t u r e m a y b r i n g , I f e e l a n e w f o u n d s e n s e o f e a s e .”

T h a t a y o u n g w o m a n w h o h a d f e l t m a r g i n a l i z e d b y t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y h e r e n t i r e l i f e c o u l d f i n d c o m f o r t a n d d i r e c t i o n i n a n e w f o u n d c o n n e c t i o n t o t i k k u n o l a m a n d I s r a e l i s p r o f o u n d . R E -A L I T Y— a n d s o c i a l a c t i o n p r o g r a m s i n i t s v e i n — c r e a t e s e n t r y p o i n t s t o

Why Does Teach For America Care About REALITY?By Andrew Mandel

m i d s t o f a n c i e n t s i t e s a n d s t o r i e s .A t o u r l a s t i n t e r n a l e x e c u t i v e

d i r e c t o r c o n f e r e n c e , w e s a w a s w e l l o f e x c i t e m e n t a b o u t e x p a n d i n g s u c h o p p o r t u n i t i e s t o o t h e r c o r p s m e m b e r s , a n d w e a r e n o w c o n s i d e r i n g d o m e s t i c v e r s i o n s o f t h e R E A L I T Y t r i p . W h y t h e i n t e r e s t ? We h a v e n e v e r b e f o r e s e e n a s u r v e y w h e r e 10 0 p e r c e n t o f p a r t i c i p a n t s a t a Te a c h F o r A m e r i c a e v e n t s t r o n g l y a g r e e t h a t t h e y w o u l d r e c o m m e n d i t t o a f r i e n d . T h i s j o u r n e y c l e a r l y l e d p e o p l e t o f e e l m o r e a t t u n e d t o t h e i r o w n t a l e n t s a n d i n t e r e s t s , a n d m o r e c o n n e c t e d t o o u r o r g a n i z a t i o n , w h i c h w e b e l i e v e w i l l l e a d t o a s t r o n g e r m o v e m e n t o f p e o p l e l e v e r a g i n g o n e a n o t h e r t o m a k e t h e c h a n g e s w e m u s t e n a c t i n o u r c o u n t r y. PT

andrew Mandel is vice president of interactive learning and engage-ment at Teach For America.

c o n v e r s a t i o n s a b o u t J e w i s h i d e n t i t y a n d I s r a e l f o r p e o p l e w h o o t h e r w i s e m i g h t n o t s e e k o u t s u c h e x p e r i e n c e s i f r u n b y J e w i s h i n s t i t u t i o n s b u t d o s o b e c a u s e o f t h e a f f i l i a t i o n w i t h a n o r g a n i z a t i o n t h e y i m p l i c i t l y t r u s t : Te a c h F o r A m e r i c a .

We l i v e t o d a y i n a s e c u l a r i z e d w o r l d . T h a t p e n d u l u m h a s s w u n g , a n d i t ’ s n o t s w i n g i n g b a c k . J u d a i s m h a s t o a d a p t t o , a n d c o n n e c t w i t h , m o d e r n t i m e s i f o u r m i l l e n n i a o f r i c h t r a d i t i o n a n d w i s d o m a r e g o i n g t o r e m a i n r e l e v a n t r a t h e r t h a n a q u a i n t r e l i c o f t i m e s g o n e b y. S o c i a l a c t i o n , a n d i t s i m p o r t a n t p l a c e i n o u r h e r i t a g e , h a s a h u g e r o l e t o p l a y i n c r e a t i n g t h e v e r y t o u c h p o i n t s t h a t h a v e t h e p o t e n t i a l t o s p a r k l i f e l o n g J e w i s h j o u r n e y s . PT

adam Simon is the associate na-tional director for the Charles and Lynn Schusterman Family Founda-

tion’s DC office. His focus includes young Jewish identity development, facilitating the transformation of service to be a normative tenet of Jewish practice, and building diverse and inclusive Jewish communities.

ideas presentense.org/magazine


e n n i f e r L e v i n e w a s 17 y e a r s o l d a s s h e w a t c h e d h e r s i s t e r c e l e b r a t e t h e m i l e s t o n e o f b e c o m i n g a b a t m i t z v a h . S h e r e c a l l s f e e l i n g e n v i o u s o f h e r

1 3 - y e a r - o l d s i b l i n g a n d e v e n n o w, o v e r 2 0 y e a r s l a t e r , s h e r e m e m -b e r s e x p e r i e n c i n g a s e n s e o f l o s s . S h e r e c o g n i z e d t h a t t h e r e w a s a p l a c e f o r h e r s i s t e r b e c a u s e s h e w a s “m a i n s t r e a m” — s h e l e a r n e d i n t h e s a m e w a y a s m o s t o t h e r k i d s . B u t L e v i n e , n o w t h e e d u c a t i o n d i r e c -t o r a t Te m p l e E m a n u - E l o f C l o s t e r , N J , h a d d y s l e x i a — a n d s o h e r J e w -i s h i d e n t i t y h a d a v a s t l y d i f f e r e n t e v o l u t i o n .

A t h e r c o r e , L e v i n e i s a s o c i a l a c t i v i s t . H e r t o p p r i o r i t y i s t o e n -s u r e t h a t n o c h i l d i s d e n i e d a m e a n -i n g f u l J e w i s h e d u c a t i o n b e c a u s e o f h i s / h e r l e a r n i n g n e e d s — a n d s h e i s n o t a f r a i d t o c h a l l e n g e t h e s y s -t e m . S h e d o e s n ’t a s s u m e t h a t h e r 310 - s t u d e n t r e l i g i o u s s c h o o l h a s t o l o o k l i k e e v e r y o t h e r s c h o o l , n o r d o e s s h e m a k e a s s u m p t i o n s a b o u t t h e t y p e s o f l e a r n e r s w h o c o u l d o r c o u l d n o t b e i n c l u d e d . “ I u s e d t o s a y, ‘ I w a s d y s l e x i c a s a c h i l d , ’ ” s a y s J e n n i f e r . “ N o w I s a y ‘ I a m d y s l e x i c . ’

surpassing expectations >> dori frumin kirshner & meredith englander polsky

sPecial needs

JI ’m r e a l i z i n g t h a t t h e d y s l e x i c b r a i n h a s t h e s e i n c r e d i b l e g i f t s w h i c h r e l a t e t o m u l t i s e n s o r y e d u c a t i o n , w h i c h s o c l o s e l y r e l a t e s t o m y p a s -s i o n f o r t h e a r t s . I t ’ s a n i n t e r e s t i n g t h i n g t h a t ’s h a p p e n i n g p e r s o n a l l y a n d p r o f e s s i o n a l l y. I t ’ s h e l p i n g m e g r o w a p r o g r a m t h a t i s s e n s i t i v e t o a l l t h r e e o f t h o s e t h i n g s .”

T h e L e a r n i n g D i s a b i l i t i e s A s -s o c i a t i o n o f A m e r i c a r e p o r t s t h a t 15% o f t h e p o p u l a t i o n h a s a l e a r n -i n g d i s a b i l i t y. O n e i n 110 i n d i -v i d u a l s — a n d o n e i n 7 0 b o y s — i s d i a g n o s e d w i t h a u t i s m . A p p r o x i -m a t e l y 9 8 8 , 0 0 0 c h i l d r e n i n t h e U S a r e J e w i s h . I t i s s a f e t o a s s u m e t h a t t h e J e w i s h p o p u l a t i o n m i r r o r s t h e g e n e r a l p o p u l a t i o n ; m i n i m a l l y, 15 0 , 0 0 0 s c h o o l - a g e d J e w i s h c h i l -d r e n g r a p p l e w i t h s o m e f o r m o f a d i s a b i l i t y.

Ye t a s s e c u l a r A m e r i c a n e d u -c a t i o n a l i n s t i t u t i o n s a r e m a k i n g l e a p s a n d b o u n d s i n t h e i r e f f o r t s

t o a c c o m m o d a t e s t u d e n t s o f d i v e r s e l e a r n i n g c a p a b i l i t i e s , o u r J e w i s h e d u c a t i o n a l s e t t i n g s l a g b e h i n d . F a c u l t y l a c k s p e c i a l i z e d t r a i n i n g , b a c k g r o u n d k n o w l e d g e , a n d t h e t o o l s t o b e s t s e r v e s t u d e n t s w i t h s p e c i a l n e e d s . U n d e r t h e p r e s s u r e t o p r o v i d e h i g h - q u a l i t y e d u c a t i o n t o m a i n s t r e a m s t u d e n t s , t h e n e e d s o f t h e m a n y t r u m p t h e n e e d s o f t h e f e w. F a m i l i e s a r e t u r n e d a w a y a g a i n a n d a g a i n f r o m a J e w i s h e d u c a t i o n t h e y s o d e s p e r a t e l y w a n t a n d t h e i r c h i l d r e n d e s e r v e . T h i s f a r t o o c o m -m o n o c c u r r e n c e i s u n a c c e p t a b l e a n d a v o i d a b l e .

L e v i n e r e c a l l s a t t e n d i n g Wo r k -m e n ’s C i r c l e , a n A m e r i c a n J e w i s h f r a t e r n a l o r g a n i z a t i o n c o m m i t t e d t o s o c i a l j u s t i c e , J e w i s h c o m m u -n i t y, a n d A s h k e n a z i c u l t u r e — a n d a c r e a t i v e a l t e r n a t i v e t o H e b r e w s c h o o l . I n a l o w - p r e s s u r e s e t t i n g ( a c t u a l l y, a c h u r c h ) , L e v i n e p a r t i c i -p a t e d i n s t o r y t e l l i n g a n d h o l i d a y

Jennifer Levine with her students. Photo by Leah Mendyk.

M i n i m a l l y , 15 0 , 0 0 0 s c h o o l - a g e d J e w i s h c h i l d r e n i n A m e r i c a g r a p p l e w i t h s o m e f o r m o f d i s a b i l i t y .

sOc

iety

presentense.org/magazine society


c e l e b r a t i o n s , a n d f o r h e r s e v e n t h -g r a d e c o m m e n c e m e n t c e r e m o n y s h e m e m o r i z e d a n d r e c i t e d “ T h e L a s t B u t t e r f l y.” T h i s e x p e r i e n c e w a s t h e f i r s t t o c o n n e c t h e r i n t e r e s t i n a r t w i t h h e r b u d d i n g c u r i o s i t y i n J u d a -i s m . I t t o o k m a n y y e a r s f o r t h o s e t w o p a s s i o n s t o c r o s s p a t h s a g a i n , b u t n o w, 25 y e a r s l a t e r , t h i s i s h e r m i s s i o n f o r r e l i g i o u s s c h o o l .

W h e n L e v i n e w a s h i r e d b y Te m -p l e E m a n u - E l t w o a n d a h a l f y e a r s a g o , s h e c a m e w i t h a v i s i o n : t o h e l p s t u d e n t s c o n n e c t w i t h t h e s p i r i t o f J u d a i s m . “ We a r e a l w a y s t r y i n g t o f i n d a m o d a l i t y t o a w a k e n t h a t

s p i r i t ,” L e v i n e s a y s — a n d s h e i s n o t a f r a i d t o e x p e r i m e n t . S h e i m m e d i -a t e l y r e q u e s t e d t w o t h i n g s : o n e , a r o o m t o g e t m e s s y. T h i s r o o m b e -c a m e a l a b o r a t o r y w h e r e s h e w o r k e d w i t h t e e n s , t e s t i n g o u t d i f f e r e n t c r e a t i v e p r o g r a m s a n d i n v i t i n g o t h e r c l a s s e s t o p a r t i c i p a t e . Tw o , a c o n s u l t a t i o n w i t h M a t a n (w w w.m a t a n k i d s . o r g ) , a n o r g a n i z a t i o n t h a t s u p p o r t s J e w i s h c o m m u n i t i e s , p r o f e s s i o n a l s , a n d i n s t i t u t i o n s i n e d u c a t i n g c h i l d r e n w i t h s p e c i a l l e a r n i n g n e e d s . T h i s c o n s u l t a t i o n h e l p e d c o n c r e t i z e w h a t s h e a l r e a d y

k n e w f r o m p e r s o n a l e x p e r i e n c e : J e w -i s h e d u c a t i o n c a n a n d m u s t b e a c c e s -s i b l e t o a l l t y p e s o f l e a r n e r s .

J e n n i f e r ’ s r e l i -g i o u s s c h o o l , T h e K e s e m C o n n e c t i o n , l o o k s n o t h i n g l i k e t h e r e l i g i o u s s c h o o l o f y o u r c h i l d h o o d . W i t h M a t a n ’s h e l p i n r e v a m p i n g c u r -r i c u l u m , c r e a t i n g m a t e r i a l s , a n d p r o -v i d i n g p r o f e s s i o n a l d e v e l o p m e n t , c l a s s r o o m s t h a t w e r e p r e v i o u s l y l i n e d w i t h d e s k s a n d c h a i r s n o w h a v e s t a t i o n s t h r o u g h o u t t h e r o o m . C h i l d r e n r o t a t e i n s m a l l g r o u p s , a n d t e e n s a r e a n i n t e g r a l p a r t o f t h e p r o g r a m ’s s u c c e s s . S t u d e n t s u s e t h e i r h a n d s , b o d i e s , a n d m i n d s i n a m u l t i - m o d a l (u t i l i z i n g a l l o f t h e s e n s e s ) a p p r o a c h a n d a r e n o t a s k e d t o s i t f o r l o n g p e r i o d s o f t i m e . T h e y o u n g e r k i d s e x e r c i s e i n H e b r e w b e t w e e n c l a s s e s a n d t e l l t h e i r p a r -e n t s , “ I w a s h a v i n g s o m u c h f u n I d i d n ’t k n o w I w a s l e a r n i n g a n y -t h i n g .” C h i l d r e n a r e h a p p i e r a n d b e t t e r b e h a v e d , t e a c h e r s f e e l m o r e p r o d u c t i v e , a n d p a r e n t s d o n ’t h a v e t o f i g h t w i t h t h e i r k i d s w h e n i t ’ s t i m e f o r r e l i g i o u s s c h o o l . A c c o r d i n g t o A n d i F l u g Wo l f e r , p r e s i d e n t o f t h e B o a r d o f E d u c a t i o n a t Te m p l e E m a n u - E l , “ J e n n i f e r ’ s c r e a t i v i t y a n d v i s i o n h a v e a l l o w e d u s t o s u c -

c e s s f u l l y t e a c h t h e f u t u r e o f o u r s y n a g o g u e , o u r c h i l d r e n .”

I t i s s a i d t h a t c h a n g e i n t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y w i l l o n l y o c -c u r o n c e a c r i t i c a l m a s s h a s b e e n r e a c h e d . T h o s e c o m m i t t e d t o t h e J e w i s h f u t u r e — a n d i n p a r t i c u l a r t o a J u d a i s m i n f u s e d w i t h n e w a n d c r e a t i v e i d e a s t h a t p r o m o t e s o c i a l j u s t i c e — m u s t l o o k a t c u r r e n t - d a y s t a t i s t i c s o n c h i l d r e n w i t h s p e c i a l n e e d s a n d u n d e r s t a n d t h a t t h e c r i t i -c a l m a s s h a s i n d e e d b e e n a c h i e v e d . H o w m a n y p e o p l e l i k e L e v i n e h a s t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y l o s t b e c a u s e w e w e r e u n a b l e t o s e e t h e i r i n c r e d -i b l e g i f t s , t h e i r p o t e n t i a l t o l e a d , a n d t h e i r u n i q u e w a y o f l o o k i n g a t t h e w o r l d ? W h a t J e w i s h i s s u e s c o u l d t h e y h a v e t a c k l e d i f g i v e n t h e c h a n c e ? W i t h t h e p r o p e r s u p p o r t , d e t e r m i n a t i o n a n d b e l i e f , i n d i v i d u -a l s w i t h s p e c i a l n e e d s w i l l s u r p a s s y o u r e x p e c t a t i o n s . T h e r e a l q u e s -t i o n i s , c a n w e s u r p a s s t h e i r s ?

L e a r n m o r e a b o u t Te m p l e E m a -n u - E l a t w w w. t e m p l e e m a n u - e l . c o m /P u b l i c / R E L I G I O U S S C H O O L . PT

d o r i f r u m i n K i r s h n e r , e x e c u -t i v e d i r e c t o r o f M a t a n , h o l d s a m a s t e r ’ s d e g r e e i n J e w -

i s h e d u c a t i o n . S h e i s a f o r m e r d a y s c h o o l a n d H e b r e w s c h o o l t e a c h e r a n d F e d e r a t i o n p r o f e s s i o n a l .

M e r e d i t h e n g l a n d e r p o l s k y , s p e c i a l n e e d s c o o r d i n a t o r a n d c o - f o u n d e r o f M a t a n ,

h o l d s m a s t e r ’ s d e g r e e s i n s p e c i a l e d u c a t i o n a n d s o c i a l w o r k . F o r h e r w o r k w i t h M a t a n , s h e w a s i n t h e f i r s t c o h o r t o f t h e J o s hu a Ve n tu r e G r o u p F e l l o w s h i p .

J e w i s h e d u c a t i o n c a n a n d m u s t b e a c c e s s i b l e t o a l l t y p e s o f l e a r n e r s .

Levine’s students, with artwork that Levine painted in the background.

Levine’s students. Photos by Leah Mendyk.

society presentense.org/magazine


b d i , a s h e p h e r d b y t r a d e , w a s 19 w h e n h e f i n a l l y r e a c h e d I s r a e l ’ s b o r d e r i n F e b r u a r y 2 0 0 9 . To g e t t o I s r a e l , h e h a d p a i d a t r a f f i c k e r $1 , 8 0 0 t o d r i v e h i m , h i d d e n i n a s e c r e t c o m p a r t m e n t w i t h o t h e r r e f u g e e s u n d e r p i l e s o f r e f u s e , f r o m

h i s h o m e l a n d , S o m a l i a , a c r o s s E t h i o p i a , S u d a n , a n d E g y p t . B u t a s s o o n a s h e a r r i v e d t o s a f e t y, h e w a s a r -r e s t e d a n d p l a c e d i n t h e K e t z i o t D e t e n t i o n C e n t e r i n t h e N e g e v d e s e r t .

I m e t A b d i i n t h e G i v o n D e t e n t i o n C e n t e r , w h e r e h e a n d o v e r 10 0 o t h e r r e f u g e e s a n d m i g r a n t w o r k e r s w e r e b e i n g k e p t “p r i o r t o d e p o r t a t i o n ,” w h i c h o f t e n a d d s u p t o y e a r s o f w a i t i n g . We s a t a c r o s s a p i c n i c t a b l e a n d h e t o l d m e h i s s t o r y. I t w a s n e a r l y 9 0 d e g r e e s a n d t h e r e w a s n o a i r c o n d i t i o n i n g i n t h e d e t e n t i o n c e n t e r . T h e s u n s t r e a m e d d o w n t h r o u g h w i r e n e t t i n g t h a t t o o k t h e p l a c e o f a c e i l i n g , i n o r d e r t o g i v e t h e p r i s o n e r s “o u t d o o r t i m e .” A b d i s a i d t h e c e l l s w h e r e t h e p r i s o n e r s s l e e p , s o m e t i m e s 16 t o a r o o m , a r e e v e n h o t t e r .

T h i s i s n o t a n u n u s u a l w e l c o m e f o r r e f u g e e s t h a t a r r i v e i n I s r a e l f r o m t h e b o r d e r w i t h E g y p t . T h e c u r -

israel faces a new refugee wave >> laura berger

A

r e n t w a v e o f r e f u g e e s f r o m A f r i c a s t a r t e d i n e a r l y 2 0 0 6 , a f t e r a p r o t e s t b y t h o u s a n d s o f S u d a n e s e r e f u g e e s i n C a i r o a g a i n s t t h e i r l i v i n g c o n d i t i o n s a n d t h e U N H C R ’s s u s p e n s i o n o f t h e i r R e f u g e e S t a -t u s D e t e r m i n a t i o n P r o c e s s . T h e s e r e f u g e e s , a f t e r c a m p i n g o u t i n f r o n t o f t h e U N H C R o f f i c e f o r t h r e e m o n t h s , w e r e f o r c i b l y r e m o v e d b y E g y p t i a n a u t h o r i -t i e s i n a v i o l e n t i n c i d e n t t h a t l e f t 2 8 r e f u g e e s d e a d , i n c l u d i n g s e v e r a l c h i l d r e n . E v e r s i n c e , t h o u s a n d s h a v e c r o s s e d t h e S i n a i d e s e r t d e s p i t e t h e d a n g e r o f b e i n g s h o t b y E g y p t i a n s o l d i e r s o r b e i n g t r a f f i c k e d b y t h e p e o p l e t h e y p a y t o h e l p t h e m a r r i v e s a f e l y.

I n I s r a e l , t h e y f a c e x e n o p h o b i a a n d h o s t i l i t y f r o m g o v e r n m e n t o f f i c i a l s w h o f e a r t h a t t r e a t i n g t h e r e f u g e e s w e l l m a y c a u s e m o r e t o f o l l o w. W h i l e m a n y r e f u g e e s a r e f l e e i n g w a r , g o v e r n m e n t o p p r e s -s i o n , o r o t h e r l i f e - t h r e a t e n i n g d a n g e r s , E l i Y i s h a i , t h e M i n i s t e r o f t h e I n t e r i o r , c a l l s t h e m “ i n f i l t r a -t o r s ” a n d a t t a c k s h u m a n r i g h t s o r g a n i z a t i o n s t h a t t r y t o h e l p t h e m . Ya a k o v K a t z , t h e C h a i r m a n o f t h e K n e s s e t C o m m i t t e e o n F o r e i g n Wo r k e r s , h a s p u b l i s h e d a r t i c l e s s t a t i n g t h a t A f r i c a n r e f u g e e s a r e a t h r e a t t o t h e J e w i s h s t a t e , w i t h s t a t e m e n t s l i k e , “ T h e l e a d e r s o f S u d a n a n d E r i t r e a , i n c o l l a b o r a t i o n w i t h t h e E g y p t i a n s , a r e c o n q u e r i n g t h e S t a t e o f I s r a e l .” I n f a c t , t h e I s r a e l i g o v e r n m e n t h a s a l r e a d y b e g u n c o n s t r u c t i o n o n a b a r r i e r a l o n g t h e E g y p t i a n b o r d e r t o p r e v e n t f u t u r e r e f u g e e s f r o m c r o s s i n g .

A b d i , s h y a n d t h i n , o n l y k n o w s t h a t f o r s o m e r e a s o n t h e I s r a e l i g o v e r n m e n t h a s d e c i d e d t h a t h e i s a t h r e a t . “ I f I g o b a c k t o S o m a l i a , I h a v e n o p r o -t e c t i o n a n d I w i l l p r o b a b l y b e k i l l e d . M a n y t r i b a l a n d p o l i t i c a l g r o u p s a t t a c k e a c h o t h e r , a n d I d o n ’t k n o w w h y t h e y t a r g e t e d m e . B u t t w i c e a l r e a d y I w a s b e a t e n b y t h e S h a b a b i F i g h t e r s , t h e m o s t d a n g e r o u s g r o u p , a n d t h e y l e f t m e f o r d e a d i n 2 0 0 8 .”

S o o n a f t e r h e r e c o v e r e d , h e l e f t t h e c o u n t r y, w i t h o u t a p a s s p o r t o r a n y t r a v e l d o c u m e n t s , h o p i n g t o r e a c h I s r a e l , w h e r e h e h e a r d i t w a s s a f e . I n s t e a d , I s r a e l ’ s M i n i s t r y o f t h e I n t e r i o r t r i e d t o g e t h i m t o s i g n a f o r m a g r e e i n g t o b e r e t u r n e d t o S o m a l i a .

I s r a e l , a n a t i o n o f r e f u g e e s , w a s o n e o f t h e l e a d i n g c o u n t r i e s i n d r a f t i n g t h e 19 51 C o n v e n t i o n o n t h e S t a t u s o f R e f u g e e s , i n f l u e n c e d b y t h e H o l o c a u s t . A c -c o r d i n g t o o n e o f I s r a e l ’ s l e a d i n g H o l o c a u s t s c h o l a r s , Ye h u d a B a u e r , “ I t i s a s c a n d a l f o r t h i s g o v e r n m e n t

t o a d o p t a p o l i c y o f r e f o u l m e n t [d r i v i n g t h e m b a c k ] , w h i c h i s e x a c t l y w h a t t h e S w i s s g o v e r n m e n t d i d d u r -i n g Wo r l d Wa r I I t o m o s t l y J e w i s h r e f u g e e s .” T h e H o t l i n e f o r M i g r a n t Wo r k e r s , a n o r g a n i z a t i o n t h a t h e l p s A f r i c a n r e f u g e e s a s w e l l a s t r a f f i c k e d w o m e n a n d m i g r a n t w o r k e r s i n I s r a e l , h a s s t a t e d t h a t b y d e t a i n i n g o r r e t u r n i n g r e f u g e e s , I s r a e l i s v i o l a t i n g

Givon Detention Center. Photo by Laura Berger.

“ I k n o w i t ’ s d a n g e r o u s b a c k i n S o m a l i a , b u t I ’ v e h a d e n o u g h h e r e .”

in a ReFugee natiOn

presentense.org/magazine society


i n c e m o v i n g t o R w a n d a f o r t h e y e a r , I h a v e b e e n s t r u c k b y t h e c o u n t l e s s R w a n d e s e w h o d e c i d e d t o r e t u r n t o R w a n d a f r o m C a n a d a ,

E U c o u n t r i e s , t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s , U g a n d a , S o u t h A f r i c a , a n d m o r e c o u n t r i e s i n o r d e r t o h e l p r e b u i l d R w a n d a . M a n y c o u l d a n d w a n t e d t o r e t u r n s p e c i f i c a l l y i n o r d e r t o u t i l i z e t h e s k i l l s , e x p e r i e n c e s , a n d e d u c a t i o n t h e y g a i n e d w h i l e l i v -i n g i n t h e i r r e s p e c t i v e c o u n t r i e s o f a s y l u m .

A c o m m o n a r g u m e n t i n I s r a e l i s t h a t , i f I s r a e l a c c e p t s s o m e r e f u -g e e s , m o r e r e f u g e e s w i l l c o m e t h a n I s r a e l c a n h a n d l e . A s a r e s u l t , I s r a e l d e p o r t s s o m e a t t h e b o r d e r , a n d l e t s o t h e r s s t a y w i t h o u t a n y l o n g -t e r m p r o m i s e o f r e c o g n i z i n g t h e m a s o f f i c i a l r e f u g e e s , w i t h t h e r i g h t s t o e d u c a t i o n a n d t o s e e k a j o b t h a t w o u l d c o m e w i t h s u c h a r e f u g e e s t a t u s . W h a t i s o f t e n i g n o r e d i s t h a t m a n y r e f u g e e s , e s p e c i a l l y t h o s e

not just a refuge for jews >> mollie gerver

S

t h i s i n t e r n a t i o n a l c o n v e n t i o n . T h e c o n v e n t i o n g i v e s g u i d -

a n c e i n t h e c a s e t h a t r e f u g e e s e n -t e r u n l a w f u l l y i n t o t h e c o u n t r y o f r e f u g e — i n t h i s c a s e , I s r a e l c a n -n o t i m p o s e p e n a l t i e s o n r e f u g e e s s i m p l y o n a c c o u n t o f t h e i r i l l e g a l e n t r y o r p r e s e n c e , a s l o n g a s t h e y p r e s e n t t h e m s e l v e s t o a u t h o r i t i e s a n d s h o w g o o d c a u s e f o r t h e i r p r e s -e n c e . D e t e n t i o n i s o n l y t o b e u s e d w h e n n e c e s s a r y, a n d o n l y u n t i l t h e y g a i n s t a t u s . B u t i n I s r a e l , f e w e r t h a n 1% o f r e f u g e e s h a v e b e e n g i v e n a n y r e g u l a r s t a t u s , t h e m a j o r i t y b e -i n g d e t a i n e d o r g i v e n “c o n d i t i o n a l r e l e a s e ” v i s a s , w h i c h a l l o w t h e m

t o r e m a i n i n t h e c o u n t r y w i t h o u t b e i n g d e t a i n e d , b u t w i t h n o o t h e r f o r m a l r i g h t s .

T h i n g s a r e o n l y g e t t i n g w o r s e f o r r e f u g e e s . I n N o v e m b e r , t h e I s -r a e l i g o v e r n m e n t a n n o u n c e d t h a t e m p l o y i n g a s y l u m s e e k e r s w o u l d b e c o n s i d e r e d i l l e g a l . I n D e c e m -b e r , t h e K n e s s e t a n n o u n c e d a p l a n t o b u i l d a n e v e n l a r g e r d e t e n t i o n c e n t e r f o r “A f r i c a n i n f i l t r a t o r s ” n e a r t h e b o r d e r b e t w e e n I s r a e l a n d E g y p t . F o r A b d i a n d o t h e r r e f u g e e s l i k e h i m , t h e s e s i g n s a r e l e a d i n g t o a c h o i c e t o r e t u r n t o d a n g e r o u s s i t u a t i o n s i n t h e i r h o m e c o u n t r i e s r a t h e r t h a n s p e n d a n o t h e r y e a r o r

m o r e i n p r i s o n i n I s r a e l .“ I ’m j u s t w a i t i n g t o b e d e p o r t -

e d ,” h e s a i d . “ I h a v e a p p l i e d t o e v e r y o r g a n i z a t i o n , a n d n o o n e c a n h e l p m e . I k n o w i t ’ s d a n g e r o u s b a c k i n S o m a l i a , b u t I ’ v e h a d e n o u g h h e r e .”

A b d i ’s n a m e w a s c h a n g e d a t h i s r e q u e s t . PT

l a u r a B e r g e r i s a c u r r e n t s e c o n d - y e a r s t u d e n t a t F o r d -h a m L aw, h o p i n g t o p r a c t i c e

i m m i g r a t i o n l aw a f t e r g r a d u a t i n g i n 2 01 2 . S h e s p e n t l a s t s u m m e r i n t e r n i n g a t t h e H o t l i n e f o r M i g r a n t Wo r ke r s i n Te l A v i v .

the case FOR asylumf r o m S o u t h S u d a n , e a g e r l y w i s h t o r e t u r n w h e n i t i s s a f e . T h e r e f u g e e s d i d n o t l e a v e t h e i r h o m e s i n o r d e r t o o b t a i n s t a b l e j o b s a n d h e a l t h i n -s u r a n c e . W h i l e s o m e w o u l d h a p p i l y a c c e p t t h e s e b e n e f i t s , r e f u g e e s l e f t b e c a u s e t h e y w e r e p e r s e c u t e d d u e t o t h e i r e t h n i c i t y, r e l i g i o n , p o l i t i c a l i d e n t i t y, o r g r o u p i d e n t i t y.

N o t o n l y i s t h i s a l i m i t e d p o o l , i t i s a g r o u p o f p e o p l e w h o h a v e l e f t t h e i r c o u n t r y f o r r e a s o n s t h a t c a n b e c o m e i r r e l e v a n t i f t h e s i t u a t i o n i n t h e i r c o u n t r y c h a n g e s . H o w e v e r ,

t h e y n e e d s k i l l s t o a s s u r e t h a t r e -t u r n i n g i s g o o d f o r t h e m a n d g o o d f o r t h e i r c o u n t r y. T h e i n i t i a l r e f u -g e e s w h o t a k e t h e c h a n c e a n d v o l -u n t a r i l y r e p a t r i a t e t h e m s e l v e s a r e o f t e n t h o s e w h o h a v e t h e e d u c a t i o n a n d s k i l l s o b t a i n e d w h i l e l i v i n g i n t h e i r c o u n t r i e s o f a s y l u m , a n d i t i s t h e s e r e f u g e e s w h o c o n t r i b u t e t o t h e w e l f a r e , s e c u r i t y, a n d j o b o p p o r t u n i t i e s t h a t m a k e r e t u r n -i n g e v e n s a f e r f o r o t h e r s . J u s t a s

o n e s a w a m a s s i n f l o w o f R w a n -d a n s c o m i n g h o m e t o R w a n d a i n t h e l a t e 19 9 0 s a f t e r i t w a s c l e a r t h a t t h a t t h e i r l i v e s w e r e n o t i n d a n g e r i n t h e i r c o u n t r y o f o r i g i n , m a n y S o u t h S u d a n e s e — w h o m a k e u p t h e s e c o n d - l a r g e s t r e f u g e e g r o u p i n I s r a e l — h o p e t o t a k e b a c k s k i l l s , f u n d s , a n d f a m i l y t o S o u t h S u d a n o n c e t h e y k n o w t h e y w i l l n o t b e p e r s e c u t e d t h e r e .

I h a v e h a d t h e h o n o r o f l i v i n g i n t w o c o u n t r i e s — I s r a e l a n d R w a n d a — w h e r e r e f u g e e s d i d r e t u r n h o m e t o c r e a t e a n d s e e a b e t t e r f u t u r e . I n d i v i d u a l s w h o r e c e i v e d a s y l u m r e t u r n e d t o t h e i r h o m e l a n d a n d c o n t r i b u t e d t o m a s s i v e j o b g r o w t h , i m p r o v e m e n t s i n e d u c a t i o n , a n d s a f e t y. S u c h a f u t u r e i s o n l y p o s -s i b l e i f w e r e s p e c t o u r e t h i c a l , l e g a l , a n d p r a c t i c a l o b l i g a t i o n s a n d a s s u r e t h a t a s y l u m s e e k e r s c a n a p p l y f o r a s y l u m t o b e g i n w i t h , t o g a i n t h e r i g h t s t h a t w i l l s a v e t h e i r l i v e s n o w a n d r e b u i l d t h e i r c o u n t r i e s l a t e r . PT

Mollie Gerver is founder of Advo-cates for Asylum (www.asylumseek-ers.org) and was a 2010 Presen-

Tense Global Fellow. She is currently a JDC Jewish Service Corp fellow at the Agahozo-Shalom Youth Village in Rwanda.

W h a t i s o f t e n i g n o r e d i s t h a t m a n y r e f u g e e s . . . e a g e r l y w i s h t o r e t u r n w h e n i t i s s a f e .

society presentense.org/magazine


o n c e p t s o f t i k k u n o l a m a n d t z e d a k a h a r e i n s t i l l e d i n J e w i s h c h i l d r e n f r o m a n e a r l y a g e . T h e y l e a r n t o p u t a c o i n i n t h e p u s h k e , t o s a y

p r a y e r s b e f o r e a n d a f t e r e a t i n g , t o s h a r e m i s h l o a c h m a n o t ( g i f t s f o r f r i e n d s ) o n P u r i m , a n d o n P a s s o v e r t o i n v i t e E l i j a h — a n d a n y o n e w h o i s h u n g r y — s o t h a t t h e y m a y j o i n a n d e a t .

T h e i n d i g n i t y o f h a v i n g t o a s k f o r c h a r i t y c a n b e a m e n d e d t h r o u g h c o m m u n i t y a c t i o n ; t h i s i s n o t a c o n d e m n a t i o n o f s o u p k i t c h e n s o r f o o d p a n t r i e s , b u t r a t h e r a c a l l f o r a n e w m o d e l . R e l i g i o u s t r a d i t i o n s t e e p e d i n c h a r i t y c a n s h i f t t o a s u s t a i n a b l e f o o d j u s t i c e m o d e l , b u t i t i s e s s e n t i a l t h a t a n y c h a n g e s t o -w a r d s s u s t a i n a b i l i t y b e i d e n t i f i e d a n d s h a p e d b y t h o s e w h o l a c k d i r e c t t r a n s p o r t a t i o n t o g r o c e r y s t o r e s , o n l y h a v e h i g h l y - p r i c e d , l o w - q u a l -

what’s your grocery story? >> miriam leibowitzFOOd, Faith, and Justice

Ci t y f o o d s a v a i l a b l e , a n d h a v e a n i n t e r e s t i n e a t i n g m o r e h e a l t h f u l l y.

R e / S t o r i n g N a s h v i l l e i s d e d i -c a t e d t o a t t r a c t i n g g r o c e r y s t o r e s t o N a s h v i l l e ’ s f o o d d e s e r t n e i g h -b o r h o o d s t h r o u g h c o m m u n i t y o r g a -n i z i n g a n d o u t r e a c h t o f a i t h - b a s e d c o m m u n i t i e s . T h e c a m p a i g n a r o s e

f r o m i n c r e a s i n g r a t e s o f d i e t - r e l a t e d d i s e a s e s i n N a s h v i l l e ’ s f o o d d e s -e r t s a n d f r o m a d e m a n d f o r f r e s h f o o d . I n i t i a l f u n d i n g f o r R e / S t o r -i n g N a s h v i l l e w a s p r o v i d e d b y t h e R o b e r t Wo o d J o h n s o n F o u n d a t i o n .

N a s h v i l l e , t h e p r o v e r b i a l b u c k -l e o f t h e B i b l e B e l t , i s h o m e t o 10 0 0 + c h u r c h e s , f o u r m o s q u e s , f i v e

s y n a g o g u e s , a n d l a r g e B u d d h i s t , B a h a ’ i , a n d H i n d u c o m m u n i t i e s . S t r o n g r e l i g i o u s t i e s , d e d i c a t e d w o r s h i p p e r s , a n d r e s p e c t e d c l e r g y p o i n t t o w a r d t h e p a l p a b l e p o w e r o f t h e “c h u r c h ,” w h i c h i s t h e c e n -t e r o f m a n y N a s h v i l l i a n s ’ s o c i a l a n d s p i r i t u a l l i v e s . U n d e r s t a n d i n g

t h i s d y n a m i c , a n I n t e r f a i t h Wo r s h i p To o l k i t w a s d e v e l o p e d b y t h e R e /S t o r i n g N a s h v i l l e I n t e r f a i t h P l a n -n i n g C o u n c i l — a d i v e r s e g r o u p o f c l e r g y m e m b e r s a n d l a y l e a d e r s . T h e t o o l k i t w a s c r e a t e d t o h e l p e d u c a t e a n d a c t i v a t e c o n g r e g a t i o n s a b o u t f o o d d e s e r t l i f e a n d t r a n s i t i o n f r o m p u r e c h a r i t y t o f o o d j u s t i c e .

T h e o w n e r w i l l n o t c a r r y f r e s h p r o d u c e b e c a u s e “ p e o p l e w i l l n o t b u y i t ,” t h o u g h E d g e h i l l r e s i d e n t s s a y o t h e r w i s e .

Community volunteers work with Nashville youth at the January 17, 2009 King Day of Service, part of the Re/Storing Nashville youth initiative. Photo provided by Community Food Advocates.

FOO

d J

us

tic

e

presentense.org/magazine food Justice


O v e r t h e p a s t t w o y e a r s , R e /S t o r i n g N a s h v i l l e s t a f f a n d L e a d -e r s h i p Te a m ( r e s i d e n t s o f N a s h -v i l l e ’ s f o o d d e s e r t s ) h a v e w o r k e d t o r e - e n e r g i z e g r o c e r y c a m p a i g n s i n N o r t h , S o u t h , a n d E a s t N a s h v i l l e . T h e s e a r e a s u n d e r w e n t u r b a n r e -n e w a l p r o j e c t s i n t h e 19 5 0 s -19 7 0 s w h i c h a i m e d t o c l e a n u p b l i g h t e d n e i g h b o r h o o d s a n d b u i l d l o w -i n c o m e h o u s i n g . I n t h e S o u t h e r n N a s h v i l l e n e i g h b o r h o o d E d g e h i l l , t h i s m e a n t t h a t m a n y s i n g l e - f a m i l y h o m e s w e r e r e p l a c e d w i t h m u l t i - u n i t c o m p l e x e s , c h a n g i n g t h e d y n a m i c o f t h e h i s t o r i c a l l y m i d d l e - c l a s s , A f r i -c a n - A m e r i c a n n e i g h b o r h o o d . W i t h t h e l a t e r c o n v e r s i o n o f h o m e s i n t o M u s i c R o w — r e c o r d i n g s t u d i o s a n d

o t h e r m u s i c i n d u s t r y b u s i n e s s e s —E d g e h i l l b e c a m e s e g r e g a t e d f r o m o t h e r p a r t s o f t h e c i t y, m o s t i m -m e d i a t e l y f r o m t h e m a j o r i t y - w h i t e u n i v e r s i t i e s s u r r o u n d i n g t h e n e i g h -b o r h o o d . P r i o r t o u r b a n r e n e w a l , E d g e h i l l h a d 15 g r o c e r y s t o r e s ; n o w, t h e o n l y f o o d s t o r e s w i t h i n t h r e e m i l e s o r m o r e a r e c o n v e n i e n c e s t o r e s . E d g e h i l l r e s i d e n t s h a v e b e e n w o r k i n g f o r d e c a d e s t o a t t r a c t a n d r e t a i n s u p e r m a r k e t s t o t h e a r e a .

“ I ’ d r a t h e r h a v e a b a n a n a t h a n t h e c h i p s ,” p r o n o u n c e d D e b b i e S m i t h , E d g e h i l l R e s i d e n t A s s o -c i a t i o n Tr e a s u r e r a n d R e / S t o r i n g N a s h v i l l e L e a d e r s h i p Te a m m e m -b e r , i n a c o n v e r s a t i o n a b o u t t h e n e i g h b o r h o o d s t o r e t w o b l o c k s f r o m h e r h o m e — w h i c h d o e s n o t s e l l b a -n a n a s , o r a n y o t h e r f r e s h p r o d u c e . S h e l v e s a r e l i n e d w i t h p r e - p a c k a g e d f o o d s f r o m a d i s c o u n t g r o c e r y c h a i n a c r o s s t o w n a n d t h e r e s t o f t h e s t o r e i s f u l l o f h a i r p r o d u c t s , c l o t h i n g , a n d a p i z z a c o u n t e r . T h e o w n e r w i l l n o t c a r r y f r e s h p r o d u c e b e c a u s e “p e o p l e w i l l n o t b u y i t ,” t h o u g h E d g e h i l l r e s i d e n t s s a y o t h e r w i s e .

I n N a s h v i l l e ’ s f o o d d e s e r t s , a f f o r d a b i l i t y a n d q u a l i t y a r e p r i -o r i t i e s ; t h e b e s t y o u c a n g e t i s a s h r i v e l e d , o v e r p r i c e d p e a c h , a b o x o f g r e e n f i s h s t i c k s , a n d r a n c i d m e a t t h a t ’ s l a b e l e d : “ M e a t D e p t .” O n e i s l u c k y i f c h a r g e d t h e s a m e p r i c e

a t t h e r e g i s t e r t h a t i s l a b e l e d o n t h e s h e l f , i f t h e e x p i r a t i o n d a t e o n t h e c a n o f g r e e n b e a n s h a s n o t p a s s e d , a n d i f a n E B T c a r d i s n o t m i s t a k e n l y t a x e d o r d o u b l e s w i p e d — c h a r g i n g y o u t w i c e f o r y o u r f o o d s t a m p p u r c h a s e .

A t h i r d o f N a s h v i l l e ’ s f o o d d e s -e r t r e s i d e n t s d o n o t o w n c a r s , r e l y -i n g o n p u b l i c t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , t h e g e n e r o s i t y o f f a m i l y a n d f r i e n d s , a n d m o r e o f t e n t h a n n o t , u n d e r -g r o u n d t a x i s e r v i c e s c o s t i n g $10 -$ 4 0 p e r t r i p , g a s m o n e y, o r p u r -c h a s e s o f g r o c e r i e s — u s u a l l y f r o m t h e r i d e r ’s l i m i t e d f o o d s t a m p b u d -g e t . F o r a s e n i o r o n a f i x e d i n c o m e a v e r a g i n g $55 0 0 p e r y e a r , t h i s i s a n u n r e a s o n a b l e e x p e n s e .

I t i s p a r t o f J e w i s h t r a d i t i o n t o t a k e c a r e o f t h o s e i n n e e d , b u t o u r t r a d i t i o n a l s o i n c l u d e s g l e a n -i n g , o r l e a v i n g c r o p s i n t h e f i e l d f o r t h e p o o r a n d t h e t r a v e l e r . O v e r t h e p a s t f e w y e a r s , g l e a n i n g p r o j -e c t s h a v e t a k e n h o l d i n f a r m e r s ’ m a r k e t s a c r o s s t h e c o u n t r y, a s w e l l a s a t f a r m s . A t t h e e n d o f t h e m a r -k e t d a y, v o l u n t e e r s c o l l e c t b r u i s e d a n d w i l t e d f r u i t s a n d v e g e t a b l e s t o b r i n g t o s o u p k i t c h e n s a n d f e e d i n g p r o g r a m s f o r p r o c e s s i n g a n d d i s t r i -b u t i o n . A t f i r s t g l a n c e , t h i s i s a n i n c r e d i b l e g i f t — u t i l i z i n g r e c l a i m e d f o o d . H o w e v e r , c o n t r o v e r s y e x i s t s o v e r w h e t h e r t h e r e i s d i g n i t y i n e a t -i n g b r u i s e d f o o d , e s p e c i a l l y w h e n u n b l e m i s h e d i t e m s a r e t h e n o r m i n a f f l u e n t n e i g h b o r h o o d s .

K e e p i n g a l l o f t h i s i n m i n d , t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y h a s a r e -s p o n s i b i l i t y t o b e a w a r e , t o m a k e n o i s e , a n d t o g e t i n v o l v e d . R i d e t h e b u s t o t h e g r o c e r y s t o r e . F i n d y o u r c o m m u n i t y g a r d e n — o r s t a r t o n e ! S h a r e r e c i p e s f o r h e a l t h y m e a l s o n a b u d g e t . E d u c a t e y o u r p o l i c y -m a k e r s a n d e l e c t e d o f f i c i a l s a b o u t w h a t ’s h a p p e n i n g i n y o u r c i t y. I f y o u h a v e a f a r m s h a r e , w o r k w i t h y o u r f a r m e r t o a c c e p t f o o d s t a m p s , s l i d i n g s c a l e p a y m e n t , a n d f o o d d e s -e r t m a r k e t s . E n s u r e t h a t f a r m e r s ’ m a r k e t s t a k e f o o d s t a m p s a n d a r e e a s i l y a c c e s s i b l e .

J e w i s h h o l i d a y s a r e a l l a b o u t f o o d — a n d c e l e b r a t i n g n o t b e i n g a n n i h i l a t e d o n e m o r e t i m e . T h r o w a p a r t y o n o n e o f o u r m a n y h o l i d a y s t o r a i s e a w a r e n e s s a b o u t f o o d j u s -t i c e w o r k i n y o u r c o m m u n i t y. P l a n t t h e s e v e n s p e c i e s f o r Tu B ’s h e v a t a n d a p p l e t r e e s f o r R o s h H a s h a n a (o r t r y b e e k e e p i n g ! ) , h e l p p a s s u r -b a n g a r d e n s a n d c h i c k e n o r d i n a n c e s t o l e g a l i z e g r o w i n g y o u r o w n f o o d , a n d c h a n g e S h a b b a t o n e g t o i n c l u d e l o c a l , o r g a n i c f o o d . PT

I t i s t i m e t o s t a r t s o m e n e w t r a d i t i o n s i n J e w i s h f o o d j u s t i c e .

M i r i a m l e i b o w i t z i s t h e R e/S t o r i n g N a s hv i l l e p r o g r a m c o o r d i n a t o r w i t h C o m mu n i t y

F o o d A d v o c a t e s , a n a l u m n a o f t h e J e w i s h O r g a n i z i n g I n i t i a t i v e , a n d a m e m b e r o f C o n g r e g a t i o n S h e r i t h I s -r a e l S y n a g o gu e (w h e r e s h e s t a r t e d a g a r d e n a n d t e a c h e s S u n d ay S c h o o l ) . P l e a s e s h a r e y o u r G r o c e r y S t o r y a t w w w. r e s t o r i n g n a s hv i l l e . o r g .

I t i s t i m e t o s t a r t s o m e n e w t r a d i t i o n s i n J e w i s h f o o d j u s t i c e .

food Justice presentense.org/magazine


r o m t h e M i d d l e E a s t t o E a s t -e r n E u r o p e t o t h e A m e r i c a s , J e w s a r e k n o w n f o r p l a c i n g a v e r y h i g h p r e m i u m o n f o o d . A n d e v e n i f j o k e s a b o u t J e w -

i s h m o t h e r s a n d t h e i r t e n d e n c y t o p l y t h e i r c h i l d r e n ( a n d e v e r y o n e e l s e i n t h e v i c i n i t y ) w i t h a n u n -e n d i n g s u p p l y o f f o o d a r e a b i t o v e r b l o w n , t h e s t e r e o t y p e o f t h e f o o d - l o v i n g J e w e x i s t s f o r a r e a s o n . I t s h o u l d c o m e a s n o s u r p r i s e t h a t f o o d i s c e n t r a l t o a p e o p l e w h o s e r e l i g i o n i n c l u d e s r i t u a l m e a l s o n t h e f i r s t t w o n i g h t s o f P a s s o v e r , a P u r i m f e a s t , t h e p r e s c r i b e d d i e t o f k a s h r u t , a n d w h o s e s a c r e d t e x t t e l l s t h e f a m o u s s t o r y o f a h u n g r y f i r s t - b o r n s o n w h o s e l l s h i s b i r t h -r i g h t t o h i s y o u n g e r b r o t h e r — f o r a b o w l o f s o u p .

Pe r h a p s i t i s b e c a u s e a f o o d -c e n t r i c c u l t u r e b r e e d s a m o n g i t s a d h e r e n t s a n a c u t e a w a r e n e s s o f t h e i m p o r t a n c e o f f o o d t h a t m a n y a t t h e f o r e f r o n t o f t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l w a r a g a i n s t h u n g e r a r e J e w s . I n f a c t , J e w s h a v e b e e n o b l i g a t e d t o f i g h t h u n g e r f o r a t l e a s t a s l o n g a s t h e To r a h h a s b e e n a r o u n d — a p -p r o x i m a t e l y 2 , 5 0 0 y e a r s . L e v i t i -c u s 19 : 9 -11 c o m m a n d s : “A n d w h e n y o u r e a p y o u r l a n d ’s h a r v e s t , y o u s h a l l n o t f i n i s h o f f t h e e d g e o f y o u r f i e l d , n o r p i c k u p t h e g l e a n -i n g s o f y o u r h a r v e s t . A n d y o u r v i n e y a r d y o u s h a l l n o t p l u c k b a r e , n o r p i c k u p t h e f a l l e n f r u i t o f y o u r v i n e y a r d . F o r t h e p o o r a n d f o r t h e s o j o u r n e r s h a l l y o u l e a v e t h e m .” J e w i s h a n t i - h u n g e r a c t i v i s t J o s e p h

fighting hunger through food rescue >> asher weiss

F

G i t l e r h o n o r e d t h e i n j u n c t i o n t o l e a v e t h e p o o r g l e a n i n g s — l e k e t i n H e b r e w — i n n a m i n g t h e o r g a n i z a -t i o n h e f o u n d e d L e k e t I s r a e l .

L e k e t i s a n I s r a e l i o r g a n i z a t i o n t h a t e m p l o y s a h u n g e r - f i g h t i n g s t r a t e g y c a l l e d f o o d r e s c u e , w h i c h , a s i t s n a m e s u g g e s t s , i n v o l v e s t h e “ r e s c u e ” o f n o u r i s h i n g f o o d t h a t w o u l d o t h e r w i s e b e t h r o w n a w a y b y r e s t a u r a n t s , c a t e r i n g h a l l s , a n d c a f e t e r i a s . L e k e t w a s i n s p i r e d b y C i t y H a r v e s t , “ t h e g r a n d d a d d y o f f o o d r e s c u e ,” a c c o r d i n g t o G i t l e r . I n d e e d , s i n c e C i t y H a r v e s t ’ s f o u n d -i n g i n N e w Yo r k C i t y i n 19 8 2 , t h e f o o d - r e s c u e m o d e l h a s s t e a d i l y g a i n e d t r a c t i o n . N o w, a l o n g s i d e t h e m o r e e s t a b l i s h e d m o d e l o f d o n a t i o n a l l o c a t i o n , e m p l o y e d b y a v a r i e t y o f p r o m i n e n t o r g a n i z a t i o n s i n c l u d i n g t h e A m e r i c a n J e w i s h o r g a n i z a t i o n M a z o n , f o o d r e s c u e h a s b e c o m e a c -c e p t e d a s o n e o f t h e m o s t e f f e c t i v e m e t h o d s f o r c o m b a t i n g h u n g e r .

L e k e t ( f o r m e r l y S h u l c h a n l e -S h u l c h a n o r Ta b l e t o Ta b l e ) w a s f o u n d e d i n 2 0 0 3 w h e n G i t l e r b e g a n

p h o n i n g l o c a l c a t e r i n g c o m p a n i e s a n d r e s t a u r a n t s , a s k i n g i f h e c o u l d “ r e s c u e ” u n t o u c h e d n u t r i t i o u s f o o d t h a t w o u l d g o t o w a s t e . T h e r e -s p o n s e w a s o v e r w h e l m i n g l y p o s i -t i v e , a n d s o o n h e w a s d e l i v e r i n g t h e r e s c u e d f o o d t o I s r a e l i s o u p k i t c h e n s a n d f o o d b a n k s . O n l y s e v e n y e a r s l a t e r , L e k e t i s I s r a e l ’ s N a t i o n a l F o o d B a n k . I t h a s a $5 m i l l i o n b u d g e t , 8 0 p a i d e m p l o y e e s , s e v e r a l t h o u s a n d v o l u n t e e r s a t a n y g i v e n t i m e , a n d p r o v i d e s a t l e a s t o n e m e a l a d a y t o 2 0 , 0 0 0 - 3 0 , 0 0 0 p e o p l e a t o v e r 2 3 0 s o u p k i t c h e n s , h o m e l e s s s h e l t e r s , s e n i o r - c i t i z e n c e n t e r s , a n d o t h e r s o c i a l s e r v i c e o r g a n i z a t i o n s t h r o u g h o u t I s r a e l .

G i t l e r , a 3 6 - y e a r - o l d A m e r i c a n -b o r n J e w, m a d e a l i y a h ( i m m i g r a t -e d t o I s r a e l ) i n 2 0 0 0 a n d s e t t l e d i n t h e a f f l u e n t c i t y o f R a ’a n a n a , w i t h a j o b a s a m a r k e t i n g e x e c u -t i v e a t a n I s r a e l i h i g h - t e c h f i r m . D e s p i t e o r p e r h a p s b e c a u s e o f h i s r e l a t i v e l y c o m f o r t a b l e l i f e , G i t l e r c o u l d n o t o v e r l o o k t h e p o v e r t y h e s a w a l l a r o u n d h i m . “ Po v e r t y i n

F o o d r e s c u e i s l i k e l y t o b e c o m e a l e a d i n g s t r a t e g y i n f i g h t i n g h u n g e r .

What’s on your plate? The Corktown Community Brunch. Photo by Blair Nosan.

let all whO aRe hungRy

Leket rescues food to fight hunger. Photo by Leket.



I s r a e l i s s i m i l a r t o p o v e r t y i n t h e U S ,” h e s a y s . “ Pe o p l e a r e n ’t s t a r v -i n g b u t h a v e t o m a k e s a c r i f i c e s i n w h a t t h e y ’r e e a t i n g o r h o w m u c h t h e y ’r e e a t i n g .”

I t i s s m a l l c o n s o l a t i o n t o G i t l e r t h a t t h i s “ We s t e r n p o v e r t y,” a s h e d e s c r i b e s i t , i s n o t a s s e v e r e a s p o v -e r t y i n m a n y p a r t s o f t h e d e v e l o p -i n g w o r l d . H e m a y n o t b e s e e i n g s t a r v a t i o n , b u t m a l n o u r i s h m e n t , e s p e c i a l l y f o r b a b i e s a n d y o u n g c h i l d r e n , i s a p e r s i s t e n t c o n c e r n . “ I ’m n o t f o c u s e d o n a b o v e o r b e l o w t h e p o v e r t y l i n e ,” h e s a y s . “A s m u c h a s w e ’r e d o i n g , y o u n e v e r r e a c h e v -e r y o n e w h o n e e d s a h a n d .”

O n e m i g h t a s s u m e f r o m i t s b i b -l i c a l n a m e t h a t L e k e t i s a J e w i s h o r g a n i z a t i o n , b u t G i t l e r i s l e s s s u r e . “ We a r e i m p a c t e d a n d i n f l u e n c e d b y J e w i s h c u l t u r e , b u t L e k e t i s a n I s r a e l i o r g a n i z a t i o n ,” r a t h e r t h a n a r e l i g i o u s o n e , G i t l e r s a y s . M o s t o f t h e s t a f f a n d v o l u n t e e r s a r e J e w i s h , a n d f o o d a n d f u n d r a i s i n g d r i v e s a r e o f t e n p l a n n e d a r o u n d t h e J e w -i s h c a l e n d a r , b u t t h i s i s a f u n c t i o n o f t h e f a c t t h a t L e k e t e x i s t s i n a

s o c i e t y t h a t i s p r e d o m i n a n t l y J e w -i s h . I n f a c t , L e k e t i s i n t e n t i o n a l l y m u l t i c u l t u r a l : 2 0 m e m b e r s o f i t s p a i d s t a f f a r e I s r a e l i - A r a b w o m e n w h o f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e a r e e a r n i n g m o r e t h a n t h e m i n i m u m w a g e a n d h a v e f u l l h e a l t h b e n e f i t s . “ T h e m i s -s i o n o f t h i s o r g a n i z a t i o n w a s n e v e r c o e x i s t e n c e , b u t w e ’r e p r o u d t h a t w e s e e m t o h a v e c r e a t e d i t t h r o u g h o u r w o r k ,” s a y s M o s h e K i n d e r l e h r e r , d i r e c t o r o f d e v e l o p m e n t f o r A m e r i -c a n F r i e n d s o f L e k e t I s r a e l , L e k e t ’s p r e s e n c e i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s .

M o r e o v e r , L e k e t ’s g o a l i s t o h e l p a s m a n y c o m m u n i t i e s i n I s r a e l ’ s e t h n i c a l l y d i v e r s e s o c i e t y a s p o s -s i b l e . “ We r e a l l y b e l i e v e t h a t t h e g o a l o f t h i s o r g a n i z a t i o n i s t o s e r v e t h e I s r a e l i - A r a b , D r u z e , a n d B e d -o u i n p o p u l a t i o n s ” i n a d d i t i o n t o J e w i s h o n e s , s a y s G i t l e r . L e k e t a l s o p r o v i d e s f o o d f o r a g r o u p o f a r o u n d 10 , 0 0 0 C h r i s t i a n a n d M u s l i m r e f u -g e e s f r o m E r i t r e a a n d D a r f u r w h o r e c e n t l y a r r i v e d i n I s r a e l .

T h a t t h e f o o d - r e s c u e s t r a t e g y h a s r e s o n a t e d b e y o n d t h e U S a n d I s r a e l i s e v i d e n c e d b y A u s t r a l i a ’ s

O z H a r v e s t , C a n a d a ’s S e c o n d H a r -v e s t , a n d G e r m a n y ’s B e r l i n e r Ta f e l , a m o n g m a n y o t h e r s . F o o d r e s c u e i s s u c c e s s f u l i n m a n y p a r t s o f t h e w o r l d b e c a u s e i t s i m u l t a n e o u s l y f i g h t s f o o d i n s e c u r i t y e f f e c t i v e l y a n d m a i n t a i n s l o w o r g a n i z a t i o n -a l o v e r h e a d — L e k e t , f o r e x a m p l e , c l a i m s t h a t e v e r y $1 d o n a t e d g e n e r -a t e s $5 w o r t h o f f o o d — m a k i n g i t h i g h l y e f f e c t i v e a n y w h e r e t h e r e i s a s u r p l u s o f f o o d . S u c h s u r p l u s e s e x i s t , a c c o r d i n g t o G i t l e r , i n a l l o f t h e d e v e l o p e d w o r l d a n d e v e n l a r g e p a r t s o f t h e d e v e l o p i n g w o r l d . H e n c e , f o o d r e s c u e i s l i k e l y t o b e -c o m e a l e a d i n g s t r a t e g y i n f i g h t -i n g h u n g e r . W h i l e i t ’ s d i f f i c u l t t o i m a g i n e t h a t t h e w o r l d w i l l s e e a n e n d t o h u n g e r i n G i t l e r ’ s l i f e t i m e , w i t h t h e c o n t i n u i n g s u c c e s s o f f o o d r e s c u e , i t ’ s r e a s o n a b l e t o d r e a m . PT

a s h e r We i s s i s a B r o o k l y n -b a s e d s i n g e r - s o n gw r i t e r w h o a l s o w r i t e s o n p o l i t i c s a n d

t h e M i d d l e E a s t . H e p l a n s t o a t t e n d a m a s t e r ’ s p r o g r a m i n i n t e r n a t i o n a l r e l a t i o n s i n f a l l , 2 01 1 .

food Justice presentense.org/magazine


tzedek ba’sadeh

I n 2 010 , P a n i m ’s P B & J ( Po v e r t y, B r e a d , a n d J u s t i c e ) p r o g r a m b r o u g h t 7 0 J e w i s h t e e n a g e r s t o Wa s h i n g t o n , D . C . f o r f i v e d a y s t o m e e t w i t h g o v -e r n m e n t r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s , p e r -f o r m c o m m u n i t y s e r v i c e , a n d e x p l o r e J e w i s h a n d n o n - J e w i s h t e x t s r e l a t i n g t o f o o d j u s t i c e , n u t r i t i o n , a n d s u s t a i n a b i l i t y . S u c h p r o g r a m s g u a r a n t e e t h e c o n t i n u a t i o n o f f o o d j u s t i c e a w a r e n e s s a m o n g f u t u r e J e w -i s h l e a d e r s .

K a y a m F a r m i n R e i s t e r -s t o w n , M D p r a c t i c e s m a ’a s e r a n i b y d o n a t i n g a p o r t i o n o f i t s p r o d u c e t o a l o c a l f a m i l y s h e l t e r . T h e f a r m , a p r o g r a m o f t h e Pe a r l s t o n e C o n f e r e n c e & R e t r e a t C e n t e r , a n a g e n c y o f t h e A S S O C I A T E D : J e w i s h C o m m u n i t y F e d e r a t i o n o f B a l -t i m o r e , p r o m o t e s To r a h - b a s e d f o o d j u s t i c e b y t e a c h i n g a g -r i c u l t u r a l l a w s a n d p r a c t i c e s t o t h o u s a n d s o f p e o p l e e a c h y e a r . S u m m e r K o l l e l i m m e r s e s y o u n g J e w s i n J e w i s h f o o d j u s -t i c e - f a r m i n g , s t u d y i n g To r a h , a n d l e a r n i n g t o c r e a t e m o r e j u s t a n d e q u i t a b l e f o o d s y s -t e m s f o r a l l p e o p l e .

o d a y, t h e J ew i s h im a ge o f p h i l a n t h r o p y i s o f t e n as s o c i a t e d w i t h t h e t y p i c a l p h o t o - o p o f a d o n o r h a n d i n g o v e r a c h e c k . B u t i n t r u t h , t h e t i t h e — t h a t 10 % d o n a t i o n o f i n c o m e t o c h a r i t y — o r i g i n a l l y g r ew i n t h e f i e l d s .

I n a n c i e n t I s r a e l , J ew s w e r e f a r m e r s , a n d c r o p s w e r e c u r r e n c y. T h e To r a h c o m m a n d e d d i s t r i b u t i o n o f f o o d t h r o u g h o u t s o c i e t y a s a n e x p r e s s i o n o f t z e d ak ah — l i t e r a l l y , “ j u s t i c e .” T h r o u g h b i b l i c a l m a n d a t e a n d t r a d i t i o n , J ews we r e f a r m e r s f o r j u s t i c e , a n d t h e M i s hn ah , t h e f i r s t c o d e o f J ew i s h l aw a f t e r t h e To r a h , w as t h e p e r f e c t f o o d j u s t i c e m a n u a l .

T h e m os t f a m i l i a r a sp e c t o f J ew i s h f o o d j u s t i c e i s m a ’a s e r a n i : 10 % o f t h e h a r v e s t w as c o n t r i b u t e d t o t h e p o o r e v e r y t h i r d a n d s i x t h y e a r o f t h e s e ve n -y e a r a g r i c u l t u r a l c y c l e . T h e a c t o f h a r v e s t i n g , t o o , w as a n e xe r c i s e i n t z e d akah . I n t h e B o o k o f Ru t h , w e a r e r e m i n d e d o f t h e l aw s o f l e ke t , ( g l e a n i n gs) a n d s h i c h e c h a , ( f o r go t t e n c r o p s) w h i c h r e q u i r e t h a t p r o d u c e d r o p p e d o r ove r l o o ke d d u r i n g h a r ve s t t i m e i s l e f t f o r t h e h u n g r y. P e ’ah , ( l i t e r a l l y , c o r n e r ) c o m m a n d s J ew i s h f a r m e r s t o l e a ve t h e c o r n e r s o f t h e i r f i e l d s u n h a r v e s t e d s o t h a t t h e p o o r c a n c o m e a n d e a t . P e ’a h , l e ke t a n d s h i c h e c h a r e q u i r e t h e t z e d a k a h r e c i p i e n t t o b e a c t i ve i n t h e p r o c e s s . T h i s i s n o t a h a n d - o u t : t h e p o o r m us t go o u t i n t o t h e f i e l d s t h e ms e l v e s a n d h a r v e s t i f t h e y w a n t t o r e c e i v e p r o d u c e . T h e r e i s s t r e n g t h i n t h a t t r a d i t i o n , s h a r e d r e sp o ns i b i l i t y , a n d p e r h a p s g r e a te r d i g n i t y a s we l l .

We l e a r n i n M i s hn ah P e ’ah 1 :2 , “O n e s h o u l d n o t g i v e p e ’a h l e s s t h a n o n e s i x t i e t h , a n d…eve r y t h i n g d ep e n d s o n t h e s i z e o f t h e f i e l d , t h e n u m b e r o f t h e p o o r, a n d a c c o r d i n g t o t h e e x t e n t o f t h e c r o p .” O u r r e l i g i o us r o o t s as s e r t t h a t w e m us t g i v e a c c o r d i n g t o o u r m e a ns a n d o u r c o m m u n i t i e s .

O u r f i e l d s a r e s m a l l b u t o u r c r o p s a r e f l o u r i s h i n g . T h e t im e i s r i p e f o r J ew s t o p r a c t i c e f o o d j u s t i c e f o r t h e h u n g r y a n d p o o r i n l o ca l c o m m u n i t i e s a n d a r o u n d t h e wo r l d .

jewish food justice >> jakir manela & daniel kieval

TU r b a n A d a m a h i n B e r k e -

l e y, C A i s a p r o g r a m t h a t t r a i n s y o u n g a d u l t s t o g r o w f r e s h , h e a l t h y f o o d i n a n u r -b a n s e t t i n g , p a r t n e r s t h e m w i t h l o c a l f o o d j u s t i c e o r g a -n i z a t i o n s t o d o s e r v i c e w o r k , a n d p r o v i d e s J e w i s h p e r s p e c -t i v e s o n i s s u e s r e l a t i n g t o o u r m o d e r n f o o d s y s t e m .

L e k e t I s r a e l h a s u p d a t e d J e w i s h f o o d j u s t i c e p r a c t i c e s t o m e e t c o n t e m p o r a r y n e e d s . T h e I s r a e l i o r g a n i z a t i o n c o l -l e c t s m i l l i o n s o f p o u n d s o f f o o d t h a t w o u l d o t h e r w i s e h a v e g o n e t o w a s t e a n d d i s -t r i b u t e s p r o d u c e t o o r g a n i z a -t i o n s t h a t f e e d I s r a e l ’ s p o o r ( s e e p . 3 2 ) .

Tz e d a k a h i s o f t e n r o -m a n t i c i z e d , b u t d i g n i t y i s n o t g u a r a n t e e d . R a b b i n i c l i t e r a t u r e a c c o u n t s f o r d e s -p e r a t i o n a n d p o t e n t i a l l y v i o l e n t c o m p e t i t i o n a m o n g t h e h u n g r y a n d h o m e l e s s . I n M i s h n a h Pe ’a h 4 : 4 w e r e a d , “P e ’ a h m a y n o t b e r e a p e d b y t h e p o o r w i t h s i c k l e s , n o r u p r o o t e d w i t h a x e s , s o t h a t t h e y s h o u l d n o t s t r i k e o n e a n o t h e r .” T h e p e ’ a h g a t h e r -e r s h a v e a r e s p o n s i b i l i t y t o g a t h e r i n p e a c e , o n e t h a t i s p e r h a p s e q u a l t o t h e f a r m e r ’ s r e s p o n s i b i l i t y t o l e a v e p e ’ a h .

W h a t h a p p e n s w h e n o t h e r l a w s i n a s o c i e t y c o n -f l i c t w i t h a c t s o f t z e d a k a h ? T h e g r a s s r o o t s o r g a n i z a t i o n F o o d N o t B o m b s p r e p a r e s a n d s e r v e s f r e e v e g e t a r -i a n m e a l s i n p u b l i c p l a c e s a r o u n d t h e w o r l d . Po l i c e a n d h e a l t h a u t h o r i t i e s h a v e a t t e m p t e d t o s h u t d o w n t h e g r o u p f o r d i s t r i b u t i n g f o o d w i t h o u t p r o p e r l i c e n s e s a n d p e r m i t s . I t s m e m b e r s d e f e n d t h e i r r i g h t t o s h a r e f r e e l y w i t h o t h e r s , c l a i m i n g t h a t g o v e r n m e n t a l e f f o r t s t o f i g h t h u n g e r a r e i n a d e q u a t e . T h e i n c i d e n t s h a v e s p a r k e d h e a t -e d d e b a t e o v e r i s s u e s o f f o o d w a s t e , s o c i a l j u s t i c e , a n d p u b l i c h e a l t h , w i t h c o m m u n i t i e s a n d a u t h o r i t i e s s t r u g g l i n g t o f i n d a b a l a n c e b e t w e e n t h e m .

daniel Kieval recently completed his un-dergraduate degree at Wesleyan Univer-sity and two seasons at Kayam Farm. He

is about to begin studying at Kibbutz Lotan.

Jakir Manela is the founder and director of Kayam Farm, trans-forming our community through

hands-on Jewish agricultural education.



Leaders singing Dalit freedom songs at a Dalit Foundation workshop in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Photo by Abby Bellows.

a new context for community organizing >> abby bellows

lessOns FROm india Fe

atu

Res


w o u l d r e s o r t t o d i r e m e a s u r e s t o o q u i c k l y. I h a d a l r e a d y m e t s e v e r a l l e a d e r s o n h u n g e r s t r i k e f o r “ D a l i t r i g h t s ” w h o c o u l d n o t a r t i c u l a t e a s p e c i f i c d e m a n d , d e a d l i n e , o r t h e n a m e s o f r e l e v a n t d e c i s i o n - m a k e r s . T h e y h a d p a s s i o n a n d c o u r a g e b u t l i t t l e s t r a t e g y. I t a u g h t t h e m o r g a -n i z i n g s t r a t e g y a s I h a d l e a r n e d i t i n t h e U S — a n a l y z i n g p o w e r s t r u c -t u r e s , p i c k i n g w i n n a b l e g o a l s , a n d e s c a l a t i n g p r e s s u r e . A s t h e y j o t t e d n o t e s , I r e a l i z e d t h a t t h e m e t h o d i -c a l s t r a t e g i e s w e u s e b a c k h o m e c o u l d b e n e f i t f r o m t h e i r b o l d n e s s a n d v i c e v e r s a .

B e yo n d “G I v e a M a n a f I S h…”

W h e n I l e d t r a i n i n g s o n M e t h -o d s o f S o c i a l C h a n g e f o r Av o d a h o r J e w i s h F u n d s f o r J u s t i c e , I c o n -t r a s t e d d i r e c t s e r v i c e a n d o r g a n i z -i n g . D i r e c t s e r v i c e — v o l u n t e e r i n g a t a s o u p k i t c h e n , f o r e x a m p l e — a d -d r e s s e s v i t a l n e e d s t o d a y b u t d o e s n o t a d d r e s s t h e s c a r c i t y o f g o o d j o b s t h a t d r i v e s t h e s a m e p e o p l e t o t h e s o u p k i t c h e n t o m o r r o w. S e r v i c e i s o f t e n d o n e b y a “p r o v i d e r ” t o a “ c l i e n t ,” w h e r e a s o r g a n i z i n g a i m s t o b e d r i v e n b y t h e p e o p l e m o s t a f f e c t e d b y t h e p r o b l e m s a t h a n d . A d m i t t e d l y, t h e w o r k s h o p s I l e d w e r e s l a n t e d t o w a r d o r g a n i z i n g . L i k e o t h e r s , I w a s c o n c e r n e d t h a t s o m a n y s y n a g o g u e s f o c u s s o l e l y o n M i t z v a h D a y i n s t e a d o f a l s o t a p p i n g

f t e r f i v e y e a r s o f o r g a n i z i n g c l e r g y a r o u n d s o c i a l j u s t i c e i s s u e s i n t h e B r o n x , I h e a d e d t o I n d i a i n t e n s e l y c u r i o u s . Wo u l d t h e g r a s s r o o t s l e a d -

e r s t h a t t h e A m e r i c a n J e w i s h Wo r l d S e r v i c e Vo l u n t e e r C o r p s m a t c h e d m e w i t h f i n d m y p r a c t i c e o f c o m -m u n i t y o r g a n i z i n g r e l e v a n t ? Wo u l d I b e a b l e t o e x t r a c t l e s s o n s f r o m t h e I n d i a n s o c i a l m o v e m e n t s t h a t h a d l o n g i n s p i r e d m e ? A f t e r f o u r m o n t h s o f t e a c h i n g a n d l e a r n i n g f r o m I n d i a n a c t i v i s t s , I w a s a m a z e d b y t h e f r u i t f u l n e s s o f o u r e x c h a n g e . I d i s c o v e r e d t h a t m a n y I n d i a n o r -g a n i z i n g p r a c t i c e s c a n n u r t u r e t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y ’s s w e l l i n g i n t e r -e s t i n o r g a n i z i n g .

ta Ke R I S K S – W h e n S t R at eG I C

A s I e n t e r e d t h e s i t e o f t h e C h e n g a r a L a n d S t r u g g l e i n s o u t h e r n I n d i a , a c c o m p a n i e d b y I n d i a n l e a d -e r s I w a s t r a i n i n g , I n o t i c e d c o l o r f u l f l a g s h a n g i n g f r o m t h e t r e e s . T h e y g a v e w a y t o b l a c k p l a s t i c t e n t s ; w i r y c h i l d r e n w i t h i n s t a r e d o u t a t u s . S o m e 2 0 , 0 0 0 D a l i t s ( f o r m e r l y “ U n -t o u c h a b l e s ” ) a n d i n d i g e n o u s p e o p l e h a d o c c u p i e d t h e s e 6 , 0 0 0 a c r e s f o r t h e p a s t t h r e e y e a r s d e m a n d i n g l a n d t h a t t h e y w e r e l e g a l l y d u e . B y d o i n g s o , t h e y h a d p r e v e n t e d t h i s g o v e r n -m e n t l a n d f r o m b e i n g t u r n e d o v e r t o a r u b b e r c o m p a n y. O n e o f t h e l e a d e r s e x p l a i n e d t o m e t h a t w h e n t h e g o v e r n m e n t t r i e d t o e v i c t t h e l a n d l e s s f a m i l i e s , 25 D a l i t s c l i m b e d t r e e s , f a s t e n e d s a r i s t o b r a n c h e s , a n d t i e d t h e o t h e r e n d a r o u n d t h e i r n e c k s . T h e y t h r e a t e n e d t o j u m p t o t h e i r d e a t h s i f t h e p o l i c e f o r c e d t h e m o u t . I r e a l i z e d w i t h a s h u d d e r t h a t t h e f a b r i c s a t t h e e n t r a n c e t o C h e n g a r a w e r e t h e s e s a m e s a r i s —t h e i r b a t t l e f l a g s .

I f o u n d m y s e l f s i n g i n g u n d e r m y b r e a t h — M a h n o r a h a ’ m a k o m h a ’ z e h , H o w a w e - i n s p i r i n g i s t h i s p l a c e . A l l t h e L e t t e r s - t o - t h e - E d i t o r a n d d e m o n s t r a t i o n s I h a d h e l p e d o r g a n i z e i n c o l l e g e , i n t h e B r o n x , a n d w i t h m y s y n a g o g u e c o u l d n o t c o m p a r e t o t h e r i s k s t h e s e D a l i t l e a d e r s h a d t a k e n .

A t t h e s a m e t i m e , I w o r r i e d t h a t t h e I n d i a n l e a d e r s I w a s t r a i n i n g

A

i n t o t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y ’s p o w e r f o r l a s t i n g o r g a n i z i n g v i c t o r i e s .

S o c i a l c h a n g e i n t h e I n d i a n c o n -t e x t u n r a v e l s t h i s w h o l e p a r a d i g m . I f a s o c i a l w o r k e r h e l p s a v i l l a g e s e -c u r e f o o d t o d a y, t h i s “ s e r v i c e ” w i l l h a v e l i t t l e l a s t i n g i m p a c t . I f , o n t h e o t h e r h a n d , t h e s o c i a l w o r k e r h e l p s t h e v i l l a g e s e c u r e l a n d s u i t a b l e f o r f a r m i n g f r o m t h e g o v e r n m e n t , t h i s “ s e r v i c e ” c a n h a v e t h e l a s t i n g i m -p a c t a s s o c i a t e d w i t h o r g a n i z i n g . F u r t h e r m o r e , r a t h e r t h a n a s s u m e t h a t a s e r v i c e - p r o v i d e r e n c o u r a g e s d e p e n d e n c y, t h e q u e s t i o n i n I n d i a i s w h a t a p p r o a c h t h e p r o v i d e r t a k e s . I f a s o c i a l w o r k e r f i l l s o u t l a n d a p -p l i c a t i o n s o n b e h a l f o f r e s i d e n t s , t h e y r e m a i n d e p e n d e n t “c l i e n t s .” H o w e v e r , i f t h e s o c i a l w o r k e r t r a i n s c o m m u n i t y m e m b e r s t o s e e g o v e r n -m e n t l a n d a s t h e i r l e g a l r i g h t , a s i t i s i n I n d i a , a n d t o g e t h e r w i t h t h e m f i l e s l a n d a p p l i c a t i o n s , t h e n l o n g - t e r m l e a d e r s h i p h a s b e e n b u i l t .

T h e r e f o r e , t h e d e v a l u a t i o n o f d i r e c t s e r v i c e i n p a r t s o f t h e J e w -i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e w o r l d m u s t b e r e c o n s i d e r e d . C e r t a i n t y p e s o f d i -r e c t s e r v i c e , i f d o n e t h e r i g h t w a y, c a n p r o d u c e t h e l a s t i n g c h a n g e a n d l e a d e r s h i p u s u a l l y a t t r i b u t e d t o o r g a n i z i n g . T h i s c a n i n f o r m t h e t y p e o f d i r e c t s e r v i c e t h a t J e w i s h c o m m u n i t i e s e n g a g e i n a s w e l l a s t h e r e l a t i o n s h i p b e t w e e n v a r i o u s m e t h o d s o f s o c i a l c h a n g e .

Members of the Chengara Land Struggle, taken in April 2010 in Kerala, India, with sari seen in the trees. Photos by Abby Bellows.

presentense.org/magazine features


I n S I S t o n I - t h o u Re l at I o n S h I p S

T h e f i r s t s t e p o f c o m m u n i t y o r g a n i z i n g i s u s u a l l y c o n n e c t i n g p e o p l e t o o n e a n o t h e r . W h e t h e r i n l a r g e s y n a g o g u e s , t r a n s i e n t c o l l e g -e s , o r a n e i g h b o r h o o d o f R u s s i a n i m m i g r a n t s , b u i l d i n g r e l a t i o n s h i p s i s a p r e c o n d i t i o n f o r i d e n t i f y i n g c o m m o n c o n c e r n s a n d a m a s s i n g t h e p e o p l e p o w e r n e c e s s a r y t o p r o d u c e c h a n g e . N o n e t h e l e s s , t h i s s t a g e c a n a l s o b e e x h a u s t i n g .

S o I w a s t h r i l l e d t o d i s c o v e r i n I n d i a t h a t c o n n e c t i n g p e o p l e t o e a c h o t h e r w a s o f t e n u n n e c e s s a r y. I n a c o u n t r y w h e r e 7 0 p e r c e n t o f t h e p o p u l a t i o n l i v e s i n v i l l a g e s , p e o p l e

r e s p o n d e d e n t h u s i a s t i c a l l y, “ N o w w e a r e e c o n o m i c a l l y s o u n d b e c a u s e w e s a v e t o g e t h e r .”

P a n i d y a n a s k e d w h e t h e r t h e i r c h i l d r e n w e r e i n s c h o o l . T h e w o m e n s a i d s o m e w e r e , b u t s o m e g r a z e d g o a t s f o r m o n e y.

“ B u t y o u j u s t t o l d m e t h a t y o u ’r e e c o n o m i c a l l y s o u n d ! ” P a n d i y a n e x -c l a i m e d .

T h e r e w a s a l o n g s i l e n c e . E v e n -t u a l l y o n e w o m a n s p o k e u p . “ M y h u s b a n d i s a n a l c o h o l i c ,” s h e e x -p l a i n e d , t e a r s s t a r t i n g t o w e l l u p i n h e r e y e s . “ H e s t a n d s o u t s i d e o u r m e e t i n g s — h e i s w a i t i n g a r o u n d t h e c o r n e r r i g h t n o w — a n d w h e n I l e a v e t h e m e e t i n g , h e t a k e s m y m o n e y t o g o d r i n k . W h e n I p r o t e s t o r t r y t o s p e n d i t f i r s t , h e b e a t s m e .”

“ H a v e y o u t r i e d t o g o t o s o m e -o n e e l s e ’ s h o u s e t o c o o k f o r y o u r s e l f a n d y o u r c h i l d r e n a n d n o t f e e d h i m , a s p u n i s h m e n t ? ” P a n d i y a n a s k e d .

“ Ye s ,” s h e r e p l i e d . “ I c o o k e d a t a f r i e n d ’s h o u s e a n d d i d n o t m a k e a n y f o r m y h u s b a n d . B u t w h e n I g o t h o m e , h e b e a t m e e v e n w o r s e .”

“ D i d y o u t r y t o g o t o t h e p o -l i c e ? ”

“ I c a n ’t ,” s h e s a i d . “ I w o u l d b e t e r r i b l y o s t r a c i z e d i f a n y m a n s a w m e t h e r e a l o n e .” A f t e r s o m e t i m e , s h e c o n t i n u e d . “ I t ’ s n o t j u s t m e . A l l t h e s e w o m e n h a v e a l c o h o l i c s a s h u s b a n d s . T h e y b e a t u s a n d w e c a n ’t g o t o t h e p o l i c e .”

T h e o t h e r w o m e n s l o w l y n o d d e d . O t h e r s s t a r t e d t o c o n f e s s . I t w a s a h u g e p r o b l e m i n t h e i r c o m m u n i t y, a n d f o r a l l t h e s e y e a r s t h e y h a d n e v e r t a l k e d a b o u t t h e f a c t t h a t t h e m o n e y t h e y d e a l t w i t h e a c h w e e k i n t h e S e l f - H e l p G r o u p w a s n o t r e a l l y g o i n g t o w a r d t h e i r f a m i l y ’s w e l l b e -i n g o r t h e i r e c o n o m i c i n d e p e n d e n c e .

A f t e r l i s t e n i n g f o r a t i m e , P a n -d i y a n a s k e d , “ W h a t d o y o u w a n t t o d o a b o u t i t ? ”

I t w a s a s i f h e h a d r e l e a s e d a c o r k . T h e y b e g a n c o m i n g u p w i t h s t r a t e g i e s t o a d d r e s s t h e p r o b l e m . “ We c o u l d i n v i t e a d o c t o r t o t a l k t o t h e m e n a b o u t t h e m e d i c a l c o n s e -q u e n c e s o f a l c o h o l a b u s e . We c o u l d c o n v e n e o u r h u s b a n d s f o r y o u t o t a l k t o t h e m , P a n d i y a n . T h e y m i g h t l i s t e n t o a m a n ’s a d v i c e a b o u t h o w t o b e a g o o d h u s b a n d . We c o u l d a s k t h e N G O t o f i l e p o l i c e c h a r g e s o n

i n a p a r t i c u l a r c o m m u n i t y a l r e a d y k n o w e a c h o t h e r . F o r i n s t a n c e , w h e n I m a d e a f i e l d v i s i t i n H a r y a n a , a l o c a l l e a d e r c a l l e d a n i m p r o m p t u m e e t i n g a n d 5 0 p e o p l e s h o w e d u p t h a t e v e n i n g . I h a d n e v e r s e e n s u c h a n e a s y m o b i l i z a t i o n b e f o r e .

H o w e v e r , I f o u n d t h a t s i m p l y b e i n g c o n n e c t e d i s n o t a r e c i p e f o r s o c i a l c h a n g e . T h e b e s t i l l u s t r a -t i o n c o m e s f r o m P a n d i y a n , a D a l i t l e a d e r i n Ta m i l N a d u . H e v i s i t e d a S e l f - H e l p G r o u p , t h e t e r m f o r a v i l l a g e s a v i n g s c o l l e c t i v e . F o r f i v e y e a r s , t h e s a m e w o m e n h a d c o m e t o g e t h e r e v e r y w e e k t o d o f i n a n c i a l t r a n s a c t i o n s .

“ W h a t i s t h e i m p a c t o f t h e g r o u p ? ” P a n d i y a n a s k e d t h e m . T h e y

One of the street children who participates in Khoj, an organization that builds the skills of children who live in the street medians of New Delhi. On this day, the children made butterflies.

features presentense.org/magazine


o r i g i n a l l y h a i l f r o m t h e w o r l d o f d i r e c t s e r v i c e — g e t t i n g i n t o t h e t r e n c h e s a n d g e t t i n g m y h a n d s d i r t y, d o i n g t h e w o r k o n t h e f r o n t l i n e s . T h e r e s u l t s

a r e i m m e d i a t e a n d y o u f e e l l i k e c h a n g e i s p o s s i b l e b e c a u s e y o u s e e i t e v e r y d a y.

B u t i n a c l a s s o f f e r e d t o s e m i -n a r y s t u d e n t s t h r o u g h J e w i s h F u n d s f o r J u s t i c e a n d t h e C e n t e r f o r J e w -i s h O r g a n i z i n g , t h i s y e a r I w a s p r e s e n t e d w i t h a d i f f e r e n t m o d e l : c o m m u n i t y o r g a n i z i n g . T h i s i n -v o l v e s a s l o w e r p r o c e s s o f b u i l d i n g s o c i a l c a p i t a l t h r o u g h t a k i n g o n a s e t o f o n e - t o - o n e r e l a t i o n a l c o n -v e r s a t i o n s , l e a r n i n g w h a t m a k e s a p e r s o n t i c k , w h a t t h e y c a r e a b o u t , a n d t h e i s s u e s u p o n w h i c h t h e y a r e m o t i v a t e d t o a c t . O n c e y o u h a v e

choosing a model for change >> rachel van thyn

diRect seRvice OR cOmmunity ORganizing?

I g a t h e r e d m u l t i p l e s t o r i e s f r o m v a r i -o u s p e o p l e (w h i c h c a n b e d o n e i n a s a l o n o r h o u s e m e e t i n g ) , y o u f i g u r e o u t w h a t i s s u e p e o p l e h a v e i n c o m -m o n a n d l e v e r a g e i t t o e n a c t c h a n g e i n t h e i m m e d i a t e c o m m u n i t y.

“ W h i l e w e d o n e e d t o p r o v i d e f o o d t o p e o p l e w h o a r e h u n g r y, p r o -v i d i n g t h a t k i n d o f d i r e c t s e r v i c e a g a i n a n d a g a i n d o e s n o t a c t u a l l y c h a l l e n g e t h e r o o t c a u s e s o f p o v -e r t y. We h a v e t o w o r k f o r s y s t e m i c c h a n g e ,” s a i d M a r i l y n S n e i d e r m a n , e x e c u t i v e d i r e c t o r o f AVO DA H : T h e J e w i s h S e r v i c e C o r p s , a o n e -y e a r t r a n s - d e n o m i n a t i o n a l p r o g r a m f o r y o u n g J e w s t h a t i n v o l v e s a n t i -p o v e r t y d i r e c t s e r v i c e w o r k , c o m -m u n i t y b u i l d i n g , a n d s t u d y. “ Yo u c a n ’t a d d r e s s t h e c a u s e s w i t h o u t e n g a g i n g a n d o r g a n i z i n g t h o s e

w h o a r e s u f f e r i n g f r o m s o c i e t y ’s i n e q u i t i e s . B y i n t e g r a t i n g s e r v i c e w o r k a n d o r g a n i z i n g f o r s y s t e m i c c h a n g e , w e c a n h e l p p e o p l e m o v e f r o m p o v e r t y, h o p e l e s s n e s s , a n d d e -s p a i r t o b e c o m e a c t i v i s t s w h o s e i z e c o n t r o l o f a n d c h a n g e t h e i r l i v e s , t h e i r c o m m u n i t i e s , a n d s o c i e t y.”

A s f a r b a c k a s t h e To r a h , w e h a v e s t o r i e s a n d l a w s s u r r o u n d i n g c a r e f o r t h e w i d o w e d , t h e h u n g r y, a n d t h e s t r a n g e r i n o u r m i d s t . “ T h e r e h a s a l w a y s b e e n h u n g e r a n d h o m e l e s s n e s s , a n d t h e r e i s a l o n g h i s t o r y o f p e o p l e w h o h a v e d e d i c a t e d t h e m s e l v e s t o s e r v i n g t h e p o o r , a n d o t h e r s w h o h a v e f o u g h t a g a i n s t i n j u s t i c e . . . C o r e r e l i g i o u s v a l u e s i n s p i r e d a n d g u i d e d t h e i r a c t i o n s ,” S n e i d e r m a n s a i d .

C o m m u n i t y o r g a n i z i n g , t o o , h a s

o u r b e h a l f t o a v o i d g o i n g p u b l i c l y t o t h e s t a t i o n .” T h e r o o m b u z z e d w i t h e n e r g y. A s P a n d i y a n

h e l p e d t h e m d e v e l o p n e x t s t e p s , h e r e a l i z e d t h e y h a d b e e n c o n n e c t e d f o r f i v e y e a r s b u t w e r e n o t o r g a n i z e d a r o u n d t h e i s s u e s t h a t r e a l l y k e p t t h e m u p a t n i g h t .

I r e a l i z e d t h a t , i n t h i s c a s e , t h e I n d i a n c o n -t e x t w a s m o r e s i m i l a r t o t h e A m e r i c a n J e w i s h c o n t e x t t h a n i t s e e m e d a t f i r s t g l a n c e . Pe r h a p s w e k n o w e a c h o t h e r ’s n a m e s b u t n o t o u r d e e p e r s t o r i e s . We c a n a l l s t r i v e t o w a r d B u b e r ’s i d e a l o f p e r s o n a l a n d h o n e s t I -T h o u r e l a t i o n s h i p s .

T h o s e t r u s t i n g r e l a t i o n s h i p s a r e w h a t e n -a b l e d t h e l a n d l e s s p e o p l e o f C h e n g a r a t o t i e t h o s e s a r i s a r o u n d t h e i r t h r o a t s a s t h e p o l i c e a p p r o a c h e d . T h e i r s t r e n g t h a n d r e s i l i e n c y c a n i n s p i r e u s t o d e e p e n o u r o r g a n i z i n g , e n r i c h e d b y c r o s s - c u l t u r a l i n s i g h t s . PT

a b b y B e l l o w s wo r k s a t J ew i s h Fu n d s f o r J u s t i c e , w h e r e s h e r u n s a c amp a i g n f o r m o r e c o n s t r u c t i v e p u b l i c d i s c o u r s e

f o c u s e d o n G l e nn B e c k . P r e v i o u s l y s h e w a s t h e d i r e c t o r o f c o n g r e g a t i o n a l o r g an i z i n g a t t h e N o r t hw e s t B r o n x C o m mu n i t y an d C l e r g y C o a l i t i o n an d i s a c t i v e i n i n d e p e n d e n t h av u r o t an d m i n y an i m .

Near the Chengara Land Struggle are Chinese fishing nets in the city of Cochin, Kerala, India. Photo by Abby Bellows.



b e e n a r o u n d a s l o n g a s t h e r e h a v e b e e n p e o p l e a c t i n g c o l l e c t i v e l y t o -w a r d s a c o m m o n g o a l . H o w e v e r , i n t h e 19 4 0 s , S a u l A l i n s k y l o o k e d t o w h a t w a s h a p p e n i n g i n t h e w o r l d o f o r g a n i z i n g a n d s a w r o o m f o r c h a n g e . P r e v i o u s l y t h e f o c u s h a d b e e n o n g a t h e r i n g i n d i v i d u a l s a n d b u i l d i n g g r o u p s o n e p e r s o n a t a t i m e . A l i n s k y s a w t h e w i s d o m a n d p o w e r o f i n s t i t u t i o n s . H e w a n t e d t o d e v e l o p a m o d e l b a s e d o n i n s t i -t u t i o n s , n o t i n d i v i d u a l s , t o d e m -o n s t r a t e t o p e o p l e t h a t t h e y h a v e m o r e p o w e r t h a n t h e y t h i n k , a n d

t o s h o w t h a t “p o w e r ” d o e s n ’t h a v e t o b e a d i r t y w o r d . I n t h e 19 6 0 s , t h i s a p p r o a c h w a s b e i n g u s e d i n c o n g r e g a t i o n s a n d f a i t h - b a s e d o r -g a n i z i n g . B y t h e 19 9 0 s , t h e r e w a s a n e w s h i f t , w i t h m o r e a n d m o r e i n d i v i d u a l s t a k i n g o n r o l e s o f l e a d -e r s h i p w i t h a s e n s e o f o w n e r s h i p a n d m i s s i o n , r a t h e r t h a n j u s t f o c u s i n g o n g a t h e r i n g m e m b e r s i n t o t h e i r c o n g r e g a t i o n . To d a y, t h e f o c u s i s a l s o o n s u s t a i n a b i l i t y, r e a c h i n g o u t t o y o u n g p e o p l e , a n d a d a p t i n g t o c h a n g e s i n t e c h n o l o g y a n d c o m -m u n i c a t i o n .

“ O n e q u e s t i o n i s , a s y o u n g p e o p l e a r e b e i n g i n s p i r e d b y t h e s e i n c r e d i b l e e x p e r i e n c e s t h e y a r e h a v i n g i n d i r e c t s e r v i c e o p p o r t u -n i t i e s , a r e t h e r e t h e n g o i n g t o b e i n s t i t u t i o n s t h e y c a n b e a p a r t o f a s t h e y g e t o l d e r t h a t r e f l e c t t h e s a m e s e n s e o f m i s s i o n a n d f u n d a -m e n t a l v a l u e s ? ” a s k e d M e i r L a k e i n , a c o m m u n i t y o r g a n i z e r w i t h o v e r 2 0 y e a r s o f e x p e r i e n c e i n t h e f i e l d , w h o i s c u r r e n t l y p a r t o f a n e f f o r t t o b u i l d a n e w n a t i o n a l c e n t e r f o r J e w i s h o r g a n i z i n g b e i n g l e d b y b o t h t h e J e w i s h O r g a n i z i n g I n i t i a t i v e

a n d J e w i s h F u n d s f o r J u s t i c e . “ I f a y o u n g p e r s o n g e t s r e a l l y p a s s i o n a t e a b o u t d i r e c t s e r v i c e a n d t h e n g e t s o l d e r a n d f e e l s s y n a g o g u e s a r e s t a l e , t h e n w e l o s e a l l t h a t p o t e n t i a l a n d e n e r g y… O u r o r g a n i z a t i o n s n e e d t o b e a b l e t o d r a w i n t h e n e w t a l e n t a n d p o t e n t i a l .”

L a k e i n h a s h i s o w n i d e a s f o r h o w t o a c h i e v e t h a t g o a l . “ F o r t h e J e w i s h w o r l d , i f w e r e a l l y w a n t t o t r a n s f o r m t h i n g s … w e c a n ’t j u s t l o o k a t o r g a n i z i n g a s o u r s o c i a l j u s t i c e p r o j e c t . We h a v e t o l o o k a t i t a s h o w w e c a n c o l l e c t i v e l y

l i v e o u t t h e s e i d e a s … t a k i n g w h a t w e ’r e l e a r n i n g a n d a p p l y i n g i t t o s t r e n g t h e n t h e w h o l e o f o u r l i v e s , a n d t h e l i v e s o f o u r c h i l d r e n a n d f a m i l i e s .”

R a b b i J o e l M o s b a c h e r , w h o s e r v e s a t c o n g r e g a t i o n B e t h H a v e r -i m S h i r S h a l o m i n M a h w a h , N J , t a l k e d t o m e a b o u t p u t t i n g i n p r a c -t i c e t h e i n t e g r a t i o n o f t h e c o m -m u n i t y o r g a n i z i n g m o d e l i n t o h i s c o n g r e g a t i o n , w h i c h i s a l s o w e l l -k n o w n f o r i t s c o n t r i b u t i o n i n t h e w o r l d o f d i r e c t s e r v i c e . W h e n I a s k e d h o w t h i s b a l a n c e b e t w e e n c o m m u n i t y o r g a n i z i n g a n d d i r e c t s e r v i c e w o r k e d , h e s h a r e d , “ O n e a i m s t o a d d r e s s i m m e d i a t e n e e d s a n d t h e o t h e r a t t e m p t s t o g e t a t r o o t c a u s e s … B o t h a r e n e e d e d a n d b o t h a r e m o d e l s t h a t s p e a k t o d i f f e r e n t s e l f - i n t e r e s t s t h a t p e o p l e h a v e , d i f -f e r e n t l e v e l s o f p a t i e n c e a n d t o l e r -a n c e … I t ’ s n o t r e a l l y c o m p e t i n g f o r t h e s a m e c o r e o f p e o p l e l i k e s o m e t i m e s h a p p e n s i n s y n a g o g u e l i f e … I t i n c r e a s e s t h e n u m b e r o f p e o p l e d o i n g j u s t i c e w o r k .”

T h e f u t u r e o f t h e s o c i a l j u s t i c e m o v e m e n t o f f e r s d i f f e r e n t b u t n o t c o n t r a d i c t o r y a p p r o a c h e s t o b u i l d a n d l e v e r a g e p o w e r t o c r e a t e l a s t i n g c h a n g e . “ W h a t i s e x c i t i n g i s t h a t m o r e a n d m o r e y o u n g J e w i s h a d u l t s a r e p a y i n g a t t e n t i o n t o t h e w o r l d a r o u n d t h e m , s e e i n g i n j u s t i c e i n t h e w o r l d a n d w a n t i n g t o d o s o m e t h i n g a b o u t i t . A n d i t m a n i f e s t s i t s e l f i n d i f f e r e n t w a y s ,” S n e i d e r m a n s a i d . “ T h e r e a r e p e o p l e w h o a r e o u t -r a g e d t h a t , i n t h e r i c h e s t c o u n t r y i n t h e w o r l d , p e o p l e c a n ’t a f f o r d f o r t h e i r k i d s t o g o t o t h e d o c t o r o r r e c e i v e t h e e d u c a t i o n t h e y n e e d a n d d e s e r v e ; t h e r e a r e y o u n g p e o p l e s a y i n g , ‘ I w a n t t o g e t i n t h e r e a n d m a k e a d i f f e r e n c e . ’ ”

W h a t m a t t e r s i s t h a t w e c o n -t i n u e t o p u r s u e t i k k u n o l a m a n d f i g h t a g a i n s t i n j u s t i c e , w i t h w h a t -e v e r m o d e l s p e a k s t o u s t h e m o s t . PT

R a c h e l va n t h y n w a s a n AV O DA H C o r p s M e m b e r i n 2 0 0 4 - 2 0 0 5 . S h e i s c u r r e n t l y

s t u d y i n g f o r r a b b i n i c o r d i n a t i o n a t H e b r e w U n i o n C o l l e g e - J e w i s h I n s t i -t u t e o f R e l i g i o n i n N e w Yo r k C i t y . S h e i s p a s s i o n a t e a b o u t c h a p l a i n c y , t h e a r t s , s o c i a l j u s t i c e , a n d J e w i s h s u m m e r c a m p .

“ Yo u c a n’ t a d d r e s s t h e c a u s e s w i t h o u t e n g a g i n g a n d o r g a n i z i n g t h o s e w h o a r e s u f f e r i n g f r o m s o c i e t y ’ s i n e q u i t i e s .”


March through Boston’s Back Bay to demand full-time jobs. Photo by Amy West.


n a h o t J u l y n i g h t i n 19 6 4 , H e a t h e r To b i s B o o t h — a y o u n g J e w i s h c o l l e g e s t u -d e n t s p e n d i n g t h e s u m m e r a s a c i v i l r i g h t s a c t i v i s t i n

R u l e v i l l e , M i s s i s s i p p i — w r o t e a l e t t e r t o h e r b r o t h e r . B o o t h w a s o n e o f a p p r o x i m a t e l y 1 , 0 0 0 y o u n g p e o p l e w h o c a m e t o M i s s i s s i p p i a s p a r t o f t h e F r e e d o m S u m m e r P r o j -e c t t o r e g i s t e r v o t e r s , r u n F r e e -d o m S c h o o l s f o r A f r i c a n - A m e r i c a n c h i l d r e n , a n d b u i l d t h e M i s s i s s i p p i F r e e d o m D e m o c r a t i c P a r t y a s a n a l t e r n a t i v e t o t h e s t a t e ’s a l l - w h i t e D e m o c r a t i c P a r t y. I n h e r l e t t e r , s h e d e s c r i b e d t h e f e a r s h e f a c e d d a i l y a s a n a c t i v i s t i n M i s s i s s i p p i , t h e p o w e r o f s i n g i n g f r e e d o m s o n g s l i k e “ We S h a l l O v e r c o m e ” t o d i s s i p a t e t h a t f e a r , a n d h o w h e r e x p e r i e n c e p r o v o k e d r e l i g i o u s f e e l i n g s :

“ T h e r e i s a l m o s t a r e l i g i o u s q u a l i t y a b o u t s o m e o f t h e s e s o n g s , h a v i n g l i t t l e t o d o w i t h t h e u s u a l c o n c e p t o f a g o d . I t h a s t o d o w i t h t h e m i r a c l e t h a t y o u t h h a s o r g a -n i z e d t o f i g h t h a t r e d a n d i g n o r a n c e . I t h a s t o d o w i t h t h e h o l i n e s s o f t h e d i g n i t y o f m a n . T h e G o d t h a t m a k e s s u c h m i r a c l e s i s t h e G o d I d o b e l i e v e i n w h e n w e s i n g , ‘ G o d i s o n o u r s i d e ’.”

M o s t J e w i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e a c t i v -i s t s t o d a y p r o b a b l y c a n n o t r e l a t e t o t h e f e a r t h a t B o o t h f e l t i n M i s -s i s s i p p i , k n o w i n g t h a t t h r e e o f h e r p e e r s h a d a l r e a d y b e e n m u r d e r e d f o r t h e i r a c t i v i s m . B u t t h e q u e s -t i o n s s h e r a i s e s a b o u t t h e r o l e o f G o d a n d r e l i g i o n i n w o r k i n g f o r j u s t i c e e c h o i n o u r o w n t i m e .

To d a y, a n e w g e n e r a t i o n o f a c -t i v i s t s a r e t u r n i n g t h e i r a t t e n t i o n b o t h t o t h e s p i r i t u a l a n d t e x t u a l r o o t s o f t h e J e w i s h c o m m i t m e n t t o j u s t i c e a n d t h e i r a p p l i c a t i o n t o c o n t e m p o r a r y s o c i e t y. M a n y y o u n g J e w s l e a r n a b o u t t i k k u n o l a m a n d t h e b i b l i c a l i n j u n c t i o n t o p u r s u e

complicating the narrative, learning from our past >> judith rosenbaum

Jews and sOcial Justice

O

j u s t i c e , s t u d y i n g r a b b i n i c l a w s a b o u t h o w t o t r e a t w o r k e r s , s t r a n g -e r s , a n d t h e p o o r .

A l o n g t h e w a y, w e m a y a l s o h e a r a b o u t t h e J e w i s h r o l e i n A m e r i c a n s o c i a l j u s t i c e m o v e m e n t s : “ J e w s b u i l t t h e A m e r i c a n l a b o r m o v e -m e n t ! ” “ J e w s m a d e u p m o r e t h a n h a l f o f t h e w h i t e F r e e d o m R i d e r s ! ” T h i s l e g a c y i s u s u a l l y p r e s e n t e d i n c e l e b r a t o r y t e r m s , w i t h o u t e x p l o r a -

t i o n o f t h e c o m p l e x i t i e s , o b s t a c l e s , a n d f e a r s A m e r i c a n J e w s e x p e r i -e n c e d i n t h e s e m o v e m e n t s . We d o n ’t u s u a l l y h e a r t h e v o i c e s o f p e o p l e l i k e B o o t h , a n d w e ’r e p o o r e r f o r i t .

I t ’ s t i m e t o b r o a d e n t h e n a r -r a t i v e , f i l l i n g i n t h e h i s t o r i c a l c o n t e x t o f J e w s a n d s o c i a l j u s t i c e a n d e x a m i n i n g n o t o n l y t h e l e a d e r -s h i p o f J e w s i n m a n y s o c i a l j u s t i c e m o v e m e n t s b u t a l s o t h e c h a l l e n g e s t h e y h a v e f a c e d . T h e i r s t o r i e s a r e r e l e v a n t t o o u r o w n i d e n t i t i e s a s J e w s a n d a s A m e r i c a n s a n d c a n h e l p i l l u m i n a t e t h e c o n t e m p o r a r y p o l i -t i c s o f s o c i a l c h a n g e .

C o n s i d e r t h e C i v i l R i g h t s M o v e -

I t ’ s t i m e t o b r o a d e n t h e n a r r a t i v e .

Heather Tobis Booth playing guitar for Fannie Lou Hamer during the Freedom Summer Project in Mississippi, 1964. Copyright Wallace Roberts.



m e n t . W h i l e s o m e J e w s — l i k e B o o t h a n d h e r m a r t y r e d f e l l o w F r e e d o m S u m m e r a c t i v i s t s — w e r e o n t h e f r o n t l i n e s , o t h e r s , s u c h a s s o m e S o u t h -e r n J e w s , w e r e a m b i v a l e n t a t b e s t , s t r u g g l i n g t o b a l a n c e e t h i c s w i t h c o n c e r n s f o r t h e i r o w n p h y s i c a l a n d e c o n o m i c s e c u r i t y. I n 19 5 6 , f o r e x -a m p l e , t h e H e b r e w U n i o n C o n g r e g a -

t i o n i n G r e e n v i l l e , M i s s i s s i p p i , w r o t e a l e t t e r t o t h e R e -f o r m M o v e m e n t ’s U n i o n o f A m e r i c a n H e b r e w C o n g r e g a -t i o n s , d e f e n d i n g s e g r e g a t i o n a n d u r g i n g “ t h a t y o u r f i n e o r g a n i z a t i o n n o t e m b a r r a s s a n d i n j u r e t h e J e w s o f t h i s c o m m u n i t y a n d o t h e r S o u t h e r n c o m m u n i t i e s w h o f e e l a s w e d o , b y h a v i n g i t b r o a d c a s t t h a t t h e J e w s a s a w h o l e a r e a c t i v e l y w o r k i n g t o d e s e g -r e g a t e t h e S o u t h .”

D e s p i t e w h a t w e m i g h t p r e f e r t o r e m e m b e r , A m e r i c a n J e w s w e r e n o t o f o n e m i n d a b o u t c i v i l r i g h t s .

C e r t a i n l y, s o m e J e w s w e r e d r a w n t o c i v i l r i g h t s b y J e w i s h v a l u e s o r b y t h e m e m o r y o f J e w i s h p e r s e c u t i o n . F r e e d o m S u m m e r v o l u n t e e r a n d j o u r n a l i s t P a u l C o w a n r e c a l l s o v e r -h e a r i n g a g i r l a t t h e F r e e d o m S u m -m e r t r a i n i n g i n J u n e 19 6 4 s h o u t i n g t o h e r p a r e n t s o n t h e p h o n e t h a t o f c o u r s e s h e w a s s t i l l g o i n g t o p a r t i c i p a t e d e s p i t e t h e m u r d e r o f h e r t h r e e c o l l e a g u e s : “ I f s o m e o n e i n N a z i G e r m a n y h a d d o n e w h a t w e ’r e d o i n g , y o u r b r o t h e r w o u l d s t i l l b e a l i v e t o d a y.”

O t h e r s , l i k e M e l a n i e K a y e / K a n -

t r o w i t z , j o i n e d t h e M o v e m e n t t o s e e k r e f u g e f r o m t h e s u p e r f i c i a l -i t y o f t h e i r J e w i s h c o m m u n i t i e s . S h e r e c a l l s t h e i n i t i a l i m p e t u s t o h e r c o m m i t m e n t t o c i v i l r i g h t s , “ I n t h e C i v i l R i g h t s M o v e m e n t , I c o u l d e s c a p e F l a t b u s h , m y p a r e n t s ’ c l o t h i n g s t o r e , t h e w o r l d o f w o r k -i n g - a n d l o w e r - m i d d l e - c l a s s J e w s , a w o r l d I t h o u g h t o f a s m a t e r i a l i s -t i c . . . A g a i n s t m a t e r i a l i s t i c s t o o d t h e w o r l d o f s t r u g g l e a n d c h a n g e .”

S o h o w d o t h e s e m o r e v a r i e d a c c o u n t s h e l p u s i n o u r o w n a c t i v -i s m t o d a y ? F i r s t o f a l l , w e l e a r n t o l i s t e n t o d i f f e r e n t v o i c e s t o u n d e r -s t a n d t h e t a p e s t r y o f e x p e r i e n c e s t h a t b r i n g a m o v e m e n t t o g e t h e r . We h o p e t h a t J e w i s h a c t i v i s t s t o -d a y a r e i n s p i r e d b y t h e t e x t s o f o u r t r a d i t i o n , b u t w e m u s t a l s o a c -k n o w l e d g e a n d r e s p e c t t h o s e J e w s w h o a r e m o t i v a t e d t o a c t i v i s m b y n e g a t i v e e x p e r i e n c e s w i t h i n t h e J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y.

T h o u g h t h e t e x t u r e o f t h e r e l a -t i o n s h i p b e t w e e n J e w s a n d b l a c k s h a s c h a n g e d i n t h e 35 y e a r s s i n c e t h e h e i g h t o f t h e C i v i l R i g h t s M o v e m e n t , w e ’r e s t i l l s t r u g g l i n g

w i t h s o m e o f t h e s a m e d y n a m i c s a n d c h a l l e n g e s , s u c h a s s u s p i c i o n o f t h e o t h e r o r t h e s t i n g o f h i g h e x p e c t a t i o n s t h a t h a v e n o t b e e n m e t . T h e w o r d s o f L e w, a F r e e -d o m S u m m e r a c t i v i s t w h o w r o t e h o m e a b o u t t h e l a c k o f t r u s t a m o n g w h i t e s a n d b l a c k s i n t h e M o v e m e n t , m i g h t r e s o n a t e w i t h t o d a y ’s a c t i v -i s t s n e g o t i a t i n g t h e r o c k y t e r r a i n o f i n t e r r a c i a l c o o p e r a t i o n : “ R i g h t n o w w e d o n ’t k n o w w h a t i t i s t o b e a N e g r o a n d e v e n i f w e d i d , t h e N e g r o e s h e r e w o u l d n o t a c c e p t u s . I t ’ s t h e o l d c a s e o f h a v i n g t o p r o v e o u r s e l v e s … I n t e l l e c t u a l l y, I t h i n k m a n y o f u s w h i t e s c a n u n d e r s t a n d t h e N e g r o e s ’ r e s e n t m e n t , b u t e m o -

t i o n a l l y w e w a n t t o b e ‘ a c c e p t e d ’ a t f a c e v a l u e .”

T h e C i v i l R i g h t s M o v e m e n t c a n a l s o h e l p u s b e t t e r u n d e r s t a n d h o w t o w o r k i n o u r c u r r e n t m u l t i c u l t u r a l c o n t e x t . D e b r a S c h u l t z , a u t h o r o f G o i n g S o u t h : J e w i s h Wo m e n i n t h e C i v i l R i g h t s M o v e m e n t , e x p l a i n s w h a t t h e e x p e r i e n c e o f J e w s i n t h e M o v e m e n t c a n t e a c h u s t o d a y : “ T h e s t o r y o f J e w s a n d t h e C i v i l R i g h t s M o v e m e n t d e m o n s t r a t e s h o w t o p r a c t i c e w h a t m a y b e t h e k e y p o -l i t i c a l s k i l l o f t h e 21 s t c e n t u r y — t h e a b i l i t y t o e m p a t h i z e w i t h a n d b e a n a l l y t o p e o p l e w h o d i f f e r f r o m o n e s e l f o n t h e b a s i s o f r a c e , e t h n i c -i t y, r e l i g i o n , n a t i o n a l i t y, g e n d e r , s e x u a l i d e n t i t y, s o c i o e c o n o m i c s t a -t u s , a n d g e o g r a p h i c l o c a t i o n .” I n a n i n c r e a s i n g l y d i v e r s e a n d g l o b a l i z i n g w o r l d , t h i s l e s s o n w i l l o n l y b e c o m e m o r e e s s e n t i a l .

F i n a l l y, t h o u g h i t ’ s g r e a t t o c e l e b r a t e J e w i s h h e r o e s , s o m e t i m e s c e l e b r a t i n g o r d i n a r y f o l k s c a n b e e v e n m o r e i n s p i r i n g . B a r b a r a R o s e n -b l i t , a f i f t h - g e n e r a t i o n S o u t h e r n e r a n d t e a c h e r a t t h e We b e r S c h o o l , a J e w i s h h i g h s c h o o l i n A t l a n t a , r e -c e n t l y t a u g h t a b o u t t h e C i v i l R i g h t s M o v e m e n t u s i n g L i v i n g t h e L e g a c y , a n o n l i n e s o c i a l j u s t i c e c u r r i c u l u m f r o m t h e J e w i s h Wo m e n ’s A r c h i v e . “ We n e e d t o k n o w w h a t d e e p l y o r -d i n a r y f e l l o w h u m a n b e i n g s c a n a c h i e v e — h e r o i c b e h a v i o r m o d e l e d b y o r d i n a r y p e o p l e , d e m o n s t r a t i n g w h a t i t m e a n s t o b e i n a c o m p l i c a t e d s i t u a t i o n a n d k n o w t h a t t h e r e a r e t i m e s t h a t a c t i o n t r u m p s d e b a t e ,” s h e s a y s .

B e i n g a J e w i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e a c t i v i s t c a n r a i s e m o r e q u e s t i o n s t h a n a n s w e r s : W h a t ’s J e w i s h a b o u t t h i s w o r k ? W h a t ’s t h e r o l e o f r e l i -g i o n i n s o c i a l c h a n g e ? W h e r e i s G o d i n a l l o f t h i s ? T h e s e q u e s t i o n s a r e p r e s s i n g , b u t t h e y a r e n o t n e w. I n s e e k i n g a n s w e r s , w e w i l l e n r i c h t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n i f w e a l l o w t h e v o i c e s o f h i s t o r y — v o i c e s l i k e B o o t h ’s — t o m i n g l e w i t h o u r o w n . PT

J u d i t h R o s e n b a u m , P h D , i s d i r e c t o r o f p u b l i c h i s t o r y a t t h e J e w i s h Wo m e n ’ s A r c h i v e

a n d c o - au t h o r o f L i v i n g t h e L e g a c y : A J e w i s h S o c i a l J u s t i c e Ed u c a t i o n P r o j e c t ( j w a . o r g / l i v i n g t h e l e g a c y ) .

T h e s t o r y o f J e w s a n d t h e C i v i l R i g h t s M o v e m e n t d e m o n s t r a t e s h o w t o p r a c t i c e w h a t m a y b e t h e k e y p o l i t i c a l s k i l l o f t h e 21s t c e n t u r y .



y f i r s t j o b o u t o f c o l l e g e w a s w i t h a n o n p r o f i t o r -g a n i z a t i o n t h a t h a d a n a m a z i n g v i s i o n s t a t e m e n t ,

e x t r e m e l y h i g h s t a f f t u r n o v e r , a n d a b o s s t h a t v i e w e d a “ l i v e - w o r k b a l -a n c e ” a s l a z y. I t ’ s n o t a n e w s t o r y : O r g a n i z a t i o n s b u i l t o n m i s s i o n s o f p e a c e a n d j u s t i c e o f t e n d o n ’t h a v e e i t h e r i n t h e i r w o r k c u l t u r e o r s t a f f r e l a t i o n s . A c t i v i s t s b u r n o u t a f t e r y e a r s o f w o r k f u e l e d a l m o s t e n t i r e l y b y o u t r a g e . We s e e c y c l e s o f a c t i v -i s m a n d a p a t h y g e n e r a t i o n a l l y a n d i n o u r o w n l i v e s , b u t t h e r e s e e m s t o b e s o m e t h i n g n e w h a p p e n i n g . A y o u n g e r g e n e r a t i o n o f J e w s i s f i n d -i n g d e e p m e a n i n g a n d r e l e v a n c e i n u s i n g c o n t e m p l a t i v e a n d m e d i t a t i o n p r a c t i c e s n o t o n l y t o g o s e a r c h i n g f o r i n n e r p e a c e , b u t a l s o t o u s e t h a t s e n s e o f r o o t e d n e s s a n d e n g a g e d J e w i s h s p i r i t u a l i t y t o i n f o r m t h e i r w o r k i n t h e w o r l d .

I s p e n t m y t e e n s a n d m o s t o f m y t w e n t i e s p r o t e s t i n g , f i g h t i n g f o r

meditating on change >> alison laichter

sPiRituality and activism

M c h a n g e , t r y i n g t o s a v e t h e w o r l d (w h a t e v e r t h a t m e a n s ) , a n d t h e n a t s o m e p o i n t I g o t t i r e d o f b e i n g a n g r y. T h r o u g h m y o w n p e r s o n a l m e d i t a t i o n p r a c t i c e , I s t a r t e d t o s e e t h a t m y o u t r a g e w a s n o t r e a l l y s e r v i n g m e , o r t h e w o r l d . A s R a -c h e l C o w a n , e x e c u t i v e d i r e c t o r o f t h e I n s t i t u t e f o r J e w i s h S p i r i t u a l -i t y ( I J S ) , t o l d m e o n c e , “ a n g e r i s a g r e a t c a t a l y s t a n d h o r r i b l e f u e l .”

“ I n t h e k i n d o f a c t i v i s m I ’v e

b e e n i n v o l v e d i n , t h e p u r s u i t s t h a t h a v e i n v o l v e d s p i r i t u a l i t y l i k e c a n -d l e l i t v i g i l s a n d i n t e r f a i t h r e l a t i o n s h a v e s h a r p l y c o n t r a s t e d w i t h g o -i n g t o a D a r f u r o r l a b o r r a l l y. T h e f o r m e r a r e n ’t m o t i v a t e d b y a n g e r ,” s a y s L e e L e v i t e r , a 25 - y e a r - o l d l a w s t u d e n t a n d a c t i v e p a r t i c i p a n t a t t h e J e w i s h M e d i t a t i o n C e n t e r ( J M C )

o f B r o o k l y n . “ I ’v e s e e n t h e d i v i -s i v e n e s s t h a t c o m e s f r o m a c t i v i s m f u e l e d b y a n g e r , a n d i t ’ s v e r y d i s -t a s t e f u l . To t h e e x t e n t t h a t o u r g e n e r a t i o n i s m o r e e x p o s e d t o m e d i -t a t i v e p r a c t i c e s a n d m o r e w i l l i n g t o i n t e g r a t e i t i n t o o u r o w n l i v e s , w e ’r e l o o k i n g f o r a n e w w a y t o a c h i e v e t h e s a m e r e s u l t s .”

J u d a i s m h a s a v e r y l o n g h i s t o r y o f p r a c t i c e s t h a t i n v o l v e r e f l e c t i o n a n d m e d i t a t i o n . F o r t h o u s a n d s

o f y e a r s , t h e r e h a v e b e e n J e w i s h t e a c h e r s i n e v e r y p a r t o f t h e w o r l d t e a c h i n g m e d i t a t i o n , K a b b a l a h , m y s t i c i s m , a n d d e e p l y m e a n i n g f u l a n d p e r s o n a l J e w i s h c o n t e m p l a t i v e p r a c t i c e s . R e f l e c t i v e p r a c t i c e s h a v e b e e n i n t r o d u c e d i n t o c u t t i n g - e d g e l e a d e r s h i p p r o g r a m s s u c h a s J e w i s h F u n d s f o r J u s t i c e ’s S e l a h p r o g r a m

A c t i v i s t s b u r n o u t a f t e r y e a r s o f w o r k f u e l e d a l m o s t e n t i r e l y b y o u t r a g e .

Meditation at the Isabella Freedman Jewish Retreat Center. Photos provided by the Isabella Freedman Jewish Retreat Center.



s a c r i f i c e e v e r y t h i n g f o r a c a u s e . M e d i t a t i o n d o e s n ’t n e c e s s a r i l y r e -p l a c e t h e m o t i v a t i o n o f o u t r a g e ; i t h e l p s c h a n n e l t h a t i m p e t u s i n a h e a l t h i e r a n d m o r e e f f e c t i v e w a y. C o n t e m p l a t i v e p r a c t i c e m a y s e e m v e r y i n d i v i d u a l - f o c u s e d , b u t w h e n y o u f e e l c o n n e c t e d t o y o u r s o u r c e , t o d i v i n i t y, t h e r e ’s n o d i s c o n n e c t i o n b e t w e e n y o u a n d e v e r y o t h e r b e i n g i n t h e w o r l d . L e a r n i n g t o l i v e f u l l y i n t h e p r e s e n t t e n s e s t r e n g t h e n s y o u r a b i l i t y t o t r u l y s e e t h e w h o l e p i c t u r e , t o a p p r o a c h i n j u s t i c e w i t h c o m p a s s i o n . T h r o u g h t h a t p r a c t i c e c o m e s t h e s t r e n g t h t o s u s t a i n a b l y p r a c t i c e t i k k u n o l a m a n d h o l d s u f -f e r i n g a l o n g w i t h h o p e . B y c r e a t i n g l i v e s a n d w o r k i n f u s e d w i t h r e f l e c -t i o n , w e a r e c r e a t i n g t h e w o r l d i n w h i c h w e w a n t t o l i v e . PT

a l i s o n l a i c h t e r i s t h e e x e c u -t i v e d i r e c t o r o f t h e J e w i s h M e d i t a t i o n C e n t e r o f B r o o k -

l y n .

w h a t i m p a c t y o u m a d e . I t ’ s h a r d t o s e e w h a t ’s r e a l l y g o i n g o n , a n d I ’v e q u e s t i o n e d w h e t h e r I ’m w a s t i n g m y t i m e ,” s a y s D a n S i e r a d s k i , 31 , a d i g i t a l s t r a t e g i s t f o r J e w i s h n o n -p r o f i t s , J e w i s h c o m m u n i t y a c t i v i s t , a n d N Y C P r e s e nTe n s e f e l l o w.

M e d i t a t i o n i s o n e w a y t o p r e -v e n t o r m e d i a t e b u r n o u t . “ G e n e r -a l l y, p r a c t i c e s t h a t h e i g h t e n a w a r e -n e s s o f m i n d a n d a w a r e n e s s o f b o d y e n c o u r a g e a h e i g h t e n e d a b i l i t y t o t r a c k s t r e s s a n d e x h a u s t i o n ,” s a y s B e n j a m i n R o s s , c h i e f o f f i e l d o p -e r a t i o n s o f J e w i s h F u n d s f o r J u s -t i c e . “ M y m e d i t a t i o n p r a c t i c e h a s b e c o m e t h e g r o u n d i n g f r o m w h i c h I a c t i n t h e w o r l d . A s m y p r a c t i c e h a s d e e p e n e d , s o h a s m y c a p a c i t y t o h o l d t e n s i o n a n d u n c e r t a i n t y, c o m m u n i c a t e a u t h e n t i c a l l y, a n d b e m o r e c o m p a s s i o n a t e . A l l o f t h i s h a s m a d e m e a m o r e s k i l l f u l a n d e f f e c -t i v e l e a d e r f o r c h a n g e .”

“ [ J e w i s h c o n t e m p l a t i v e p r a c -

t i c e ] c a n r e m i n d u s t h a t w e a r e n o t a l o n e a n d t h a t e v e r y t h i n g i s n o t u p t o u s a l o n e t o f i x ,” R a b b i S h e i l a Pe l t z We i n b e r g , a l e a d -i n g J e w i s h m e d i t a t i o n t e a c h e r , a c t i v i s t , a n d f a c u l t y m e m b e r o f I J S , s a y s . “ S p i r i t u a l p r a c -t i c e n o u r i s h e s o u r a b i l -i t y t o r i d e t h e s t o r m s o f l i f e , t o a s s e s s w h e n t o a c t a n d w h e n t o r e -l a x . T h e r e i s a r h y t h m t o l i f e t h a t w e l e a r n a n d d e v e l o p t h r o u g h o u r p r a c t i c e , w h i c h c a n b e n o u r i s h i n g w h e n e n g a g e d i n c h a l -l e n g i n g a n d d e m a n d i n g w o r k .”

T h i s i d e a o f b e -i n g n o u r i s h e d a n d e n g a g e d b y a c t i v i s m i s v e r y d i f f e r e n t f r o m t h e t y p i c a l i m a g e o f a m a r t y r w i l l i n g t o

f o r J e w i s h s o c i a l j u s t i c e l e a d e r s , t h r o u g h r e t r e a t s a t I s a b e l l a F r e e d -m a n J e w i s h R e t r e a t C e n t e r , a n d b y o r g a n i z a t i o n s l i k e I J S , J M C , A w a k e n e d H e a r t P r o j e c t , a n d o t h -e r s . We ’v e r e a l i z e d t h a t w e n e e d l e a d e r s w h o h a v e t h e c a p a c i t y t o l i s t e n a n d f e e l s u p p o r t e d i n t h e i r w o r k a n d w o r l d .

“ I t ’ s t o t a l l y a g e n e r a t i o n a l t h i n g ,” s a y s R a b b i B r e n t S p o d e k , 35 , f o u n d e r a n d d i r e c t o r o f E m e k P r o j e c t . “ I n e a r l i e r g e n e r a t i o n s , t h e r e w a s a s e n s e o f ‘ I ’m J e w i s h , b u t I ’m n o t r e l i g i o u s , ’ m e a n i n g ‘ I ’m s e c u l a r a n d h a v e a h i s t o r y a n d c u l -t u r a l r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h J u d a i s m a n d a b e l i e f i n j u s t i c e t h r o u g h t h a t . ’… O u r g e n e r a t i o n w a n t s t o m i n e t h e J e w i s h t r a d i t i o n f o r m e a n i n g f u l e x p e r i e n c e . We a r e i n t e r e s t e d i n f o r m a l J e w i s h p r a c t i c e o n l y i f i t b r i n g s u s d e e p e r s p i r i t u a l m e a n -i n g . We a r e m u c h m o r e c o m f o r t a b l e w i t h t h a t l a n g u a g e t h a n p r e v i o u s

g e n e r a t i o n s .” M a n y o f u s h a v e b e e n i n s p i r e d

b y s t o r i e s o f R a b b i A b r a h a m J o s h u a H e s c h e l m a r c h i n g w i t h M L K a n d “p r a y i n g w i t h h i s l e g s ,” a n d G a n -d h i ’s c a l l t o “ b e t h e c h a n g e y o u w a n t t o s e e i n t h e w o r l d ,” b u t i t ’ s d i f f i c u l t t o f i g u r e o u t h o w t o d o i t a l l w i t h o u t g e t t i n g s w e p t u p i n t h e f i g h t a n d n o t f e e l t h e c o m b i n a -t i o n o f t h e w o r l d o n o u r s h o u l d e r s a n d o u r i n a b i l i t y t o d o e n o u g h . O p e r a t i n g u n d e r t h e J e w i s h f r a m e -w o r k o f R a b b i Ta r f o n — “ Yo u a r e n o t o b l i g a t e d t o f i n i s h t h e w o r k ; n e i t h e r a r e y o u f r e e t o d e s i s t f r o m i t ” ( P i r k e i Av o t 2 : 21) — c a n b e c o m -p l e t e l y o v e r w h e l m i n g a n d l e a d t o b u r n o u t .

O f t e n b u r n o u t s t e m s f r o m n o t s e e i n g r e s u l t s . “ B u r n o u t h a s a l o t t o d o w i t h n o t s e e i n g t h e f r u i t s o f y o u r e f f o r t s , n o t b e i n g a b l e t o m e a s u r e y o u r i m p a c t i n m e a n i n g f u l w a y s . I c a n a s s u m e a n d t a k e c r e d i t f o r w h a t e v e r I w a n t t o i m a g i n e m y a c -t i v i s m b e i n g r e s p o n s i b l e f o r , b u t a t t h e e n d o f t h e d a y, y o u d o n ’t k n o w

We’ v e r e a l i z e d t h a t w e n e e d l e a d e r s w h o h a v e t h e c a p a c i t y t o l i s t e n a n d f e e l s u p p o r t e d i n t h e i r w o r k a n d w o r l d .



h e n I w a s t w e n t y -t h r e e y e a r s o l d , I b e -g a n w r i t i n g H u s h ,” t h e a u t h o r o f H u s h w r i t e s i n a p o s t -

s c r i p t t o t h e n o v e l . “ I t w a s n ’t a b o o k b a c k t h e n ; i t w a s o n l y a s t o r y. M y s t o r y. I t b e c a m e m y s t o r y w h e n I f i r s t l e a r n e d w h a t t h e w o r d s s e x u a l a b u s e m e a n t .” Wr i t i n g u n d e r t h e p s e u d o n y m E i s h e s C h a y i l (w o m a n o f v a l o r ) , t h e a u t h o r , w h o g r e w u p w i t h i n t h e i n v i s i b l e w a l l s o f C h a s -s i d i c B r o o k l y n , b o l d l y a n d a u t h o r i -t a t i v e l y s p e a k s t h r o u g h t h e b o o k ’s m a i n c h a r a c t e r , G i t t e l .

G i t t e l a n d D e v o r y a r e o n l y n i n e y e a r s o l d w h e n D e v o r y, a v i c t i m o f s e x u a l a b u s e , t a k e s h e r o w n l i f e . F r o m t h a t m o m e n t o n , G i t t e l s t r u g -g l e s w i t h t h e r i g h t c o u r s e o f a c t i o n : t o r e v e a l t h e t r u t h , t h e r e b y h u r t -i n g h e r c o m m u n i t y a n d c h a l l e n g i n g e v e r y t h i n g s h e h a s e v e r b e l i e v e d , o r t o c o n c e a l i t a n d l i v e w i t h h e r o w n c o m p l i c i t y i n t h e c r i m e .

G i t t e l ’ s u l t i m a t e d e c i s i o n t o t e l l t h e t r u t h — a n d t h e w a y s h e e m p l o y s t h e w r i t t e n w o r d t o d o s o — p a r a l l e l s E i s h e s C h a y i l ’ s o w n r e a l - l i f e d e c i s i o n a n d a c t i o n . B o t h a r e c a l l e d t o b r i n g a w a r e n e s s t o a p e r v a s i v e p r o b l e m a n d t o b r i n g t h e w r o n g d o e r s t o j u s t i c e . I n t h i s w a y, H u s h d e m o n s t r a t e s t h e p o w e r o f t h e a r t s a s a v e h i c l e f o r s o c i a l c h a n g e a n d a c t i o n .

B u t H u s h i s s o m u c h m o r e t h a n a c a l l f o r j u s t i c e , a n d i t i s f a r f r o m a s i m p l i f i e d a n d v i n d i c t i v e p o r -

t r a i t o f h e r o e s a n d v i l l a i n s . E m -b e d d e d i n t h e n a r r a t i v e i s G i t t e l ’ s s t r u g g l e w i t h c o m m u n i t y, t r u t h , a n d u l t i m a t e l y, G o d . T h e q u e s t i o n o f G o d ’s r o l e i n t h e w o r l d i s b o t h a b a s i c a n d p r o f o u n d l y c h a l l e n g i n g o n e f o r a c t i v i s t s o f f a i t h . W h e r e i s G o d a m o n g t h e s h a r d s o f a b r o k e n w o r l d , a n d a l l t h e m o r e s o a m o n g a b r o k e n c o m m u n i t y, a b r o k e n f a m -i l y ? W h a t r o l e d o h u m a n s p l a y i n t h i s c o s m i c d r a m a ?

A c c o r d i n g t o y o u n g G i t t e l ’ s b l a c k - a n d - w h i t e w o r l d , G o d l i v e s i n B r o o k l y n ; t h e g o y i s h e ( n o n - J e w i s h ) w o r l d o u t s i d e i s u n h o l y a n d u n s a f e . A s G i t t e l i n f o r m s t h e r e a d e r , “ I h a d n e v e r b e e n o u t s i d e o f B r o o k l y n , b u t a l l J e w s k n e w t h a t B o r o u g h P a r k w a s t h e m o s t h o l y p l a c e a f t e r J e r u s a l e m . H a s h e m w a s r i g h t h e r e ,

i n o u r m i d s t , b e c a u s e t h a t ’ s w h e r e a l l t h e C h a s s i d i s h ( a n d o k a y, e v e n L i t v i s h ) Y i d e n w e r e .”

Ye t G o d ’s f a c e i s h i d d e n i n H u s h . O u t o f G i t t e l ’ s c h a r m i n g l y i n n o c e n t , s p i r i t u a l l y b i f u r c a t e d w o r l d , s h a d e s o f g r a y b e g i n t o e m e r g e . G i t t e l w a t c h e s a s h e r f a -t h e r ’s s h t r e i m e l ( h a t ) — w h e r e G i t -t e l b e l i e v e s G o d l i v e s — i s s t o l e n a n d t h r o w n i n t o o n c o m i n g t r a f -f i c : “ M a y b e H a s h e m , r e a l i z i n g H i s d a n g e r , w o u l d m a k e t h e g r e e n l i g h t t u r n r e d . . . B u t H e d i d n ’t .” E p i -s o d e s l i k e t h i s o n e c h a n g e G i t t e l : “ I w a n t e d t o t e l l m y f a t h e r t h a t i t w a s a l l m y f a u l t — m y f a u l t t h a t D e v o r y w a s d e a d , m y f a u l t t h a t H a s h e m w a s c r u s h e d c o m p l e t e l y b e n e a t h t h e w h e e l s o f t h e c a r .”

T h i s p a r a d o x — b e t w e e n G o d ’s h a n d i n a l l t h i n g s , a s G i t t e l t a k e s f o r g r a n t e d , a n d G o d ’s l a c k o f a c -

t i o n a t t h e m o s t o p p o r t u n e m o -m e n t s — i s c e n t r a l , a n d t h e a u t h o r h a n d l e s i t w i t h g r a c e . N e a r l y e v e r y c h a l l e n g e f r o m m i n o r t o m a j o r t h a t G i t t e l f a c e s s p e a k s t o t h e r e l a t i o n -s h i p b e t w e e n h u m a n s a n d G o d , f r o m h e r f i r s t a g h a s t u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f h o w b a b i e s a r e m a d e t o h e r c o n -f r o n t a t i o n w i t h b o t h C h a s s i d i c a n d a t h e i s t H o l o c a u s t s u r v i v o r s .

O n e a n s w e r , a t l e a s t , i s g i v e n b y G i t t e l ’ s f a t h e r , o n e o f t h e n o v e l ’ s h e r o e s , w h o s m i l e s a t h e r t e a r s a n d a s s u r e s h e r t h a t H a s h e m i s e v e r y -w h e r e r i g h t e o u s J e w s a r e .

W i t h i n t h e m a i n c h a r a c t e r ’ s n a r -r a t i v e a r e t h e d y n a m i s m a n d w a r m t h o f C h a s s i d i c l i f e , s p i r i t u a l c r i s i s a n d y e a r n i n g , g r a c e , f a l l , a n d r e -d e m p t i o n . A s t h e c h a p t e r s o s c i l l a t e b e t w e e n G i t t e l ’ s s w e e t a n d c o m e -

d i c c h i l d h o o d w i t h D e v o r y a n d h e r y o u n g w o m a n h o o d c o m i n g t o t e r m s w i t h h e r p a s t — w i t h D e v o r y ’s d e a t h a s t h e a p e x — t h i s t a l e n t e d s t o r y t e l l -e r e m b e d s t h e p o l a r i z e d p o s s i b i l i -t i e s o f e f f i c a c i o u s p r a y e r , m i r a c l e s , j u s t i c e , a n d a b o v e a l l , G o d ’s r o l e i n t h e w o r l d .

E i s h e s C h a y i l m a s t e r f u l l y e m -p l o y s a r e f r e s h i n g l y a u t h e n t i c v o i c e w i t h o u t a n t a g o n i z i n g h e r o w n c o m -m u n i t y o r d o w n p l a y i n g t h e c o m p l e x -i t y o f t h e s p i r i t u a l p r o c e s s . W h e n G i t t e l f i n a l l y d o e s s p e a k o u t , i t i s h e r n e w a n d e q u a l l y s h e l t e r e d a n d f e a r f u l h u s b a n d w h o t u r n s o u t t o b e h e r b i g g e s t a l l y : “ ‘ Yo u a r e t h e E i s h e s C h a y i l , ’ h e s a i d . ‘ Yo u a r e t h e r e a l o n e . ’ ” PT

emily K. alhadeff is a writer and edi-tor based in Seattle, WA.

Eishes Chayil, Hush. New York: Walker and Company, 2010. 368 pp.Rev

iew

s

book review: hush >> emily k. alhadeffshades OF gRay

“WW h e r e i s G o d a m o n g t h e s h a r d s o f a b r o k e n w o r l d . . . a m o n g a b r o k e n c o m m u n i t y , a b r o k e n f a m i l y ?

presentense.org/magazine reviews


O n t h e o t h e r h a n d , a n i t e m d i s -c u s s e d i n t h e b o o k t h a t r e s o n a t e d w i t h t h e p a r t i c i p a n t s w a s t h e s t e -r e o t y p e o f J e w s a s c h e a p . W h o l e s e c t i o n s o n r e l i g i o u s a p p r o a c h e s t o f r u g a l i t y — f r o m J e s u s ’ t e a c h i n g s o f s i m p l i c i t y t o t h e B u d d h i s t e m p h a s i s o n n o t c o n c e r n i n g o n e s e l f d e e p l y w i t h w o r l d l y t h i n g s — h a d b e e n c u t f r o m t h e b o o k p r i o r t o p u b l i c a t i o n . Ye t We b e r , w h o i s J e w i s h , n o t e d t h a t t h i s c h a p t e r o n t h e J e w i s h s t e r e o t y p e — w h i c h a l s o a p p l i e s t o a n o t h e r s u c c e s s f u l m i n o r i t y g r o u p , C h i n e s e A m e r i c a n s — h a d b e e n t h e m o s t c o m p e l l i n g p a r t o f t h e b o o k t o w r i t e . “ W h a t ’s m o s t i n t e r e s t i n g t o m e i s m y s h a m e a r o u n d J e w s a n d m o n e y,” s h e c o m m e n t e d . T h i s s e n t i -m e n t m a y r e s o n a t e w i t h t h o s e c o n -c e r n e d w i t h p o t e n t i a l a n t i - S e m i t i c c r i t i c i s m s o f J e w s ’ b e h a v i o r a r o u n d m o n e y, p a r t i c u l a r l y i n t h e e r a o f B e r n i e M a d o f f .

Ye t f o r t h e m a n y J e w s w h o a r e p o o r , b e i n g c h e a p i s n o t a c h o i c e . “ We g e t $ 2 c h e c k s i n t h e m a i l ,” s a i d A J W S s t a f f m e m b e r L a u r e n M i l l e r , 3 2 , w h o v o u c h e d f o r t h e g e n e r o s i t y o f J e w i s h d o n o r s t o p h i l a n t h r o p i c c a u s e s a t a l l i n c o m e l e v e l s .

S t a r t i n g w i t h t h e P u r i t a n s a n d B e n j a m i n F r a n k l i n , We b e r t r a i n s h e r s h a r p h i s t o r i c a l e y e o n t h e i n -t e r n a l s t r u g g l e s w i t h w e a l t h t h a t h a v e d e f i n e d U S c u l t u r e o v e r t h e c e n t u r i e s . I n w a r t i m e , i t i s t r a d i -t i o n a l l y a m o r a l i m p e r a t i v e t o s a v e m o n e y a n d m a t e r i a l s ; i n p e a c e t i m e , t h o s e w h o d o n o t b u y, b u y, b u y c a n b e c o n s i d e r e d p e r s o n a l l y r e s p o n s i -b l e f o r t h e s t a g n a t i o n o f t h e n a t i o n ’s e c o n o m y, n o t t o m e n t i o n u n p a t r i -o t i c . I n a d d i t i o n , A m e r i c a n s ’ s a v -i n g r a t e s h a v e p l u n g e d d r a s t i c a l l y o v e r t h e y e a r s , e s p e c i a l l y a m o n g

r o w i n g u p , L a u r e n We b e r r a -t i o n e d s h o w e r t i m e , w o r e e x -t r a s w e a t e r s i n d o o r s t o f e n d o f f t h e c h i l l o f h e r f a i n t -

l y h e a t e d h o u s e , a n d w a s d r i v e n a r o u n d t o w n w i t h h e r f a t h e r u s i n g h a n d s i g n a l s d u r i n g t u r n s t o e x t e n d t h e l i f e o f t h e c a r ’ s l i g h t s . We b e r ’s f a m i l y w a s n e i t h e r p o o r n o r e c o -c o n s c i o u s a h e a d o f i t s t i m e . H e r f a m i l y w a s , t o p u t i t b l u n t l y, c h e a p .

We b e r ’s I n C h e a p We Tr u s t : T h e S t o r y o f a M i s u n d e r s t o o d A m e r i c a n V i r t u e , i n s p i r e d b y h e r o w n (u n d e r )s p e n d i n g h a b i t s a n d c h i l d h o o d o f s c r i m p i n g a t t h e b e h e s t o f h e r “m a -n i a c a l l y c h e a p ” f a t h e r , t r a c e s t h e p e n d u l u m s w i n g b e t w e e n f r u g a l -i t y a n d c o n s p i c u o u s c o n s u m p t i o n t h r o u g h A m e r i c a n h i s t o r y.

We b e r ’s b o o k w a s r e c e n t l y d i s -c u s s e d a t t h e Pe o p l e o f t h e B o o k C l u b , w h e r e p a r t i c i p a n t s r e a d a n d d i s c u s s f i c t i o n a n d n o n f i c t i o n w o r k s w i t h a t h e m e o f j u s t i c e . F o r t h e A J W S a n d AVO DA H s t a f f , a l u m n i , a n d o t h e r m e m b e r s o f t h e P u r s u e : A c t i o n f o r a J u s t Wo r l d c o m m u n i t y w h o a t t e n d , i t i s a n o p p o r t u n i t y t o r e l a t e t o o n e a n o t h e r b e y o n d w o r k o r f o r m a l s e t t i n g s w h e r e t h e y o t h -e r w i s e i n t e r a c t , s h a r i n g p e r s o n a l r e f l e c t i o n s o n l i t e r a r y t e x t s . T h e f o r m a t i o n o f t h e b o o k c l u b w a s i n -s p i r e d b y t h e J e w i s h t r a d i t i o n o f g r a p p l i n g w i t h t e x t a n d w i t h o t h e r p e o p l e , i n a n e x p a n d e d n o t i o n o f h e v r u t a s t u d y : l e a r n i n g w i t h o t h -e r s , r a t h e r t h a n a l o n e , e x p a n d s t h e d i s c o v e r y o f n e w i n s i g h t s . A l l d i s -c u s s i o n s a r e l e d b y a k n o w l e d g e a b l e f a c i l i t a t o r , a n d t h i s c o n v e r s a t i o n w a s n o e x c e p t i o n : We b e r h e r s e l f j o i n e d t h e g r o u p .

C h e a p n e s s a s a j u s t i c e i s s u e b r o u g h t u p f o r p a r t i c i p a n t s e v e r y -t h i n g f r o m t h e s t r i k i n g e c o n o m i c i n e q u i t i e s i n t h e U S t o d a y t o p e r -s o n a l s t r u g g l e s w i t h d i s p l a y s o f w e a l t h i n t h e i r o w n c o m m u n i t i e s . “ I w i s h t h e r e w a s m o r e o f a m o v e -m e n t i n J u d a i s m t o l i v e w i t h i n y o u r m e a n s ,” o n e p a r t i c i p a n t e x p r e s s e d .

book review: in cheap we trust >> suzanne lipkinJust cheaP

G

t h e m i d d l e a n d w o r k i n g c l a s s e s , l e a v i n g p e o p l e e v e n m o r e v u l n e r -a b l e t o f i n a n c i a l t u r m o i l . N o w o n -d e r t h e t e n s i o n b e t w e e n s p e n d i n g a n d s a v i n g r e m a i n s f o r m a n y t o d a y, e s p e c i a l l y i n t h e w a k e o f r e c e n t r e c e s s i o n s .

M o r e t h a n a m a t t e r o f m a n a g i n g p e r s o n a l f i n a n c e s , i d e a s f o r t a k i n g s t e p s t o w a r d a t h r i f t i e r l i f e s t y l e m a y b e t h e m o t i v a t i o n a n d m e a n s f o r r e s p o n d i n g t o a n i n c r e a s i n g l y i n e q u i t a b l e , m a t e r i a l i s t i c w a y o f l i v i n g . I n a c u l t u r e t h a t e m p h a s i z e s t h e t h r i l l s o f p e r s o n a l c o n s u m p t i o n , t h e r i s i n g n o t o r i e t y o f t h e f r e e g a n s — w h o s c a v e n g e f o o d f r o m c a s t - o f f s o f o v e r p r o d u c t i o n — a c c e n t u a t e s t h e e n v i r o n m e n t a l u n s u s t a i n a b i l i t y o f c u r r e n t p r o d u c t i o n a n d c o n s u m p -t i o n r a t e s .

We b e r e x p l a i n e d t o t h e g r o u p t h a t s h e h o p e s t h e b o o k w i l l i n -f l u e n c e c o n v e r s a t i o n s a b o u t o u r e c o n o m y a n d c a u s e p e o p l e t o r e -t h i n k c o n s u m p t i o n . S h e h o p e s h e r r e a d e r s w i l l a s k , “ W h a t i s a m e a n -i n g f u l l i f e ? ”

“ I ’m n o t o p p o s e d t o s p e n d i n g ,” s h e s a i d , “ b u t i t ’ s a b o u t d o i n g s o t h o u g h t f u l l y a n d c a r e f u l l y, t h i n k -i n g a b o u t s h o r t - t e r m w a n t s v e r s u s l o n g - t e r m g o a l s .” PT

S u z a n n e l i p k i n w o r k s f o r P u r -s u e : A c t i o n f o r a J u s t Wo r l d , a p r o j e c t o f A J W S a n d AV O DA H :

T h e J e w i s h S e r v i c e C o r p s .

Lauren Weber, In Cheap We Trust: The Story of a Misunderstood American Virtue. New York: Little, Brown, and Company, 2009. 320 pp.

reviews presentense.org/magazine


m e r S e l a a n d h i s t e a m o f c h e f s a r e e x p e r t s i n c r e a t -i n g a p p e t i z i n g m e a l s d e -s i g n e d t o b e e n j o y e d w i t h -

o u t b e i n g s e e n . S e l a i s t h e m a n a g e r a t B l a c k o u t , a n u p s c a l e r e s t a u r a n t i n te l a v i v ’ s n a l a g a ’a t C e n t e r w h e r e p a t r o n s e a t i n t h e d a r k . f o u n d e d o n t h e b a s i c b e l i e f t h a t e v e r y h u m a n b e i n g h a s t h e r i g h t t o c o n t r i b u t e t o s o c i e t y , t h e n a l a g a ’a t C e n t e r (n a l a g a ’a t m e a n s “ p l e a s e t o u c h ” i n h e b r e w) , w o r k s w i t h b l i n d , d e a f , a n d d e a f - b l i n d f o l k s f r o m a c r o s s I s r a e l , e m p o w e r i n g t h e m t o b e p r o -d u c t i v e m e m b e r s o f s o c i e t y w h i l e p r o m o t i n g e x p a n d e d a w a r e n e s s i n t h e c o m m u n i t y .

S o h o w d o e s o n e e a t i n a p i t c h -b l a c k r e s t a u r a n t ? G u e s t s a r e l e d c o n g a - l i n e s t y l e t o t h e t a b l e b y t h e i r w a i t e r s , w h o e x p l a i n h o w t o n a v i g a t e t h r o u g h t h e d i n i n g r o o m . o n c e s e a t e d , w a i t e r s i n s t r u c t g u e s t s o n t h e f i n e r p o i n t s o f d i n -i n g i n t h e d a r k , s u c h a s p o u r i n g a g l a s s o f w a t e r . S i n c e t h e r e i s n o t e n o u g h t i m e t o l e a r n B r a i l l e b e f o r e d i n n e r , m e a l s a r e p r e - o r d e r e d — a n d o n c e t h e m e a l s a r r i v e , t h i n g s s t a r t t o g e t i n t e r e s t i n g . I t ’ s c l u m s y w o r k e a t i n g i n t h e d a r k f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e . a s B e c c a n a g o r s k y , 3 0 , s a y s , “ yo u s o r t o f e a t h a l f w i t h y o u r h a n d s b e c a u s e i f f o o d f a l l s o f f y o u r f o r k , y o u d o n ’ t r e a l l y h a v e a n y w a y t o l o c a t e i t . ” l u c k i l y , B l a c k o u t p r o -v i d e s p l e n t y o f n a p k i n s t o a v o i d t r o u b l e w h e n c u s t o m e r s ’ h a n d s a n d p a l a t e s a r e o n a d v e n t u r e .

u p s c a l e t o u c h e s , l i k e c l o t h n a p k i n s a n d a t t e n t i v e , d e d i c a t e d w a i t s t a f f , a r e o n e w a y B l a c k o u t c r e a t e s a m o r e s o p h i s t i c a t e d a t m o -s p h e r e . a n o t h e r i s t h e m e n u , w h i c h r e l i e s h e a v i l y o n t e x t u r e s t o m a k e u p f o r t r a d i t i o n a l v i s u a l c u e s l i k e g a r n i s h a n d p r e s e n t a t i o n . I n v e n t i v e d i s h e s i n c l u d e e n d i v e b o a t s f i l l e d w i t h r a d i s h s p r o u t a n d r e d o n i o n c e v i c h e (a r a w f i s h s a l a d “ c o o k e d ” i n c i t r u s j u i c e s a n d c h i l i e s ) , p i s t a -c h i o g n o c c h i i n a c r e a my p o p p y -s e e d a l m o n d s a u c e , a n d c h o c o l a t e w a l n u t i c e - c r e a m w i t h c r i s p y c o r i -a n d e r s e e d s . e a c h d i s h f e a t u r e s a

d i f f e r e n t c r u n c h y e l e m e n t . J u s t a c r o s s t h e d a r k d i v i d e r

i n n a l a g a ’a t ’ s r e n o v a t e d w a r e -h o u s e a r e t h e t a l l c e i l i n g s a n d w h i t e w a s h e d w a l l s o f C a f é K a p -i s h , B l a c k o u t ’ s s i s t e r c o f f e e h o u s e , w h e r e t h e s t a f f i s d e a f o r h e a r i n g i m p a i r e d . W i t h o u t g i v i n g a w a y t o o m u c h , i t ’ s w o r t h t h e v i s i t . I n a d d i -t i o n t o t h e t w o e a t e r i e s , n a l a g a ’a t h o s t s a p e r f o r m a n c e c e n t e r f e a t u r -i n g a t r o u p e o f d e a f - b l i n d a c t o r s . t h e c e n t e r a l s o o f f e r s a n a r r a y o f s e m i n a r s g e a r e d t o w a r d a g r e a t e r u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f t h e d e a f a n d b l i n d e x p e r i e n c e , i n c l u d i n g a o n e - d a y

s i g n l a n g u a g e c o u r s e f o r c h i l d r e n a n d w i n e - t a s t i n g a n d c l a y m o l d i n g w o r k s h o p s h e l d i n t h e d a r k .

S e l a , 3 6 , w o r k e d h i s w a y u p t h e r a n k s o f r e s t a u r a n t m a n a g e m e n t b e f o r e h e t o o k t h e h e l m a t B l a c k -o u t a n d C a f é K a p i s h i n 2 0 07. h e s a y s t h a t m o s t b l i n d I s r a e l i s a r e e n c o u r a g e d t o p u r s u e “ h a n d s - o n ” c a r e e r s l i k e m a s s a g e o r r e f l e x o l o g y , w h i l e t h e i r d e a f c o u n t e r p a r t s a r e o f t e n u s h e r e d i n t o c h e f p r o g r a m s . a t n a l a g a ’a t , t h e g o a l i s t o o f f e r e x p a n d e d c a r e e r o p p o r t u n i t i e s t o t h e i r d e a f a n d b l i n d s t a f f w h i l e c o n -c u r r e n t l y o f f e r i n g o p p o r t u n i t i e s t o t h e c o m m u n i t y f o r g r e a t e r a w a r e -n e s s o f d a y - t o - d a y l i f e f o r b l i n d a n d d e a f p e o p l e . t h e k e y t o t h e i r s u c c e s s i s t h e i r s p e c i a l i z e d , t i m e -i n t e n s i v e t r a i n i n g p r o g r a m s .

B a c k a t B l a c k o u t , 2 0 - s o m e t h i n g B r e n n a S t e i n s a y s s h e l o v e d t h e f o o d a n d t h e n a t u r a l w ay t h e m e a l g o t h e r t h i n k i n g a b o u t e v e r y d a y l i f e w i t h o u t s i g h t . S h e w a s s o e n a m o r e d w i t h h e r e x p e r i e n c e t h a t s h e w o u l d l i k e t o h e a d b a c k f o r a “ g e t - t o -k n o w - y o u ” d a t e . J u d g i n g f r o m a l l t h e l a u g h t e r a n d t h e e m p t y p l a t e s a l o n e , t h e c o m m u n i t y i s g a i n i n g f r o m t h e e x p e r i e n c e a s w e l l .

C h e c k o u t a l l t h e l a t e s t h a p -p e n i n g s , i n c l u d i n g d i n n e r t i m e s , a t w w w. n a l a g a a t . o r g . i l . t h a n k s t o o m e r S e l a f o r s h a r i n g t h e p i s t a c h i o g n o c c h i r e c i p e . PT

Melissa Meyers lives in Tel Aviv and loves crunchy food. Yum!

FOO

d c

Olu

mn

blackout: dining in style in the dark >> melissa meyersblind taste test

O

H o w d o e s o n e e a t i n a p i t c h - b l a c k

r e s t a u r a n t ?


Pistachio gnocchi(6 servings)

Gnocchi

1 kg (2lbs) potatoes1 egg200 g (7 oz.) flour100 g (3.5 oz.) ground pistachios50 mL (1/5 c.) olive oilSalt and pepperDash of nutmeg

1. Bake the potatoes until they are soft.

2. Peel the potatoes and mash them.

3. Mix with all other ingredients; if the mixture is too sticky, add some flour.

4. Round the mixture to long round strips 1 cm (0.5 inch) wide and then cut to small cubes of about 1-2 cm (0.5 - 1 inch wide).

5. Bake the gnocchi for about 12 minutes until they stiffen.

6. Put the gnocchi in boiling water for 2-3 minutes until they float— they are ready!

Sauce

260 mL (8 oz.) heavy cream1 T butter1.5 tsp poppy seeds130 mL (0.5 cup) sliced and roasted almonds1 tsp diced fresh sage1 tsp diced fresh rosemaryDash of nutmeg

1. Melt the butter and add sage and rosemary and sauté for 1-2 minutes.

2. Add the almonds and poppy seed for another 2-3 minutes.

3. Add the cream and spices for 3-4 minutes.

4. Add the gnocchi and fry for 2 minutes.

For a BlackOut experience at home, give yourself a blindfold and let the tastes and textures work their magic! When you’re done, sign onto the PT website and tell the Nalaga’at staff how it went.

B’tayavon!

Theatrical performance at the Nalaga’at performance center. Photo provided by Nalaga’at.

elke Reva Sudin is an illustrator and contemporary Jewish art advocate based in Brooklyn, New York. View her work on

ElkeRevaSudin.com and follow her Jewish art news and resources site at JewishArtNow.com.

bac

kPa

ge

stRength in cOmmunity


Online COmmunityJoin the conversation on our blog, Twitter, Facebook, and more.

entrepreneurship Join a steering committee, mentor or coach a fellow, or apply for a fellowship.

pt investmentsVolunteer mentoring or consulting hours, or make a contribution.

pt sChOOlTrain your professionals in the latest digital age tools.

www.p resen tense . o rg

magazineWrite, edit, or join a steering committee.

with the PresenTense communityeasy ways to get involved


Documents

PT13: Social Action