Recent research findings support a Mozart effect, that is, that
having infants listen to classical music boosts their cognitive
ability or IQ. 1.True 2.False
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School attendance correlates with IQ. 1.True 2.False
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Some people with very high IQs have difficulty processing and
managing social information. 1.True 2.False
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IQ is not influenced by birth order. 1.True 2.False
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As adopted children grow older, their intelligence scores
become more similar to those of their biological parents than to
those of their adoptive parents. 1.True 2.False
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IQ is boosted by breast-feeding. 1.True 2.False
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IQ is going up over time and has risen about 20 points with
every generation studied. 1.True 2.False
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Intelligence scores are predictive of real-world outcomes, such
as success in college. 1.True 2.False
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Among the intellectually disabled, males outnumber females by
50 percent. 1.True 2.False
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Intelligence Testing Journal #1: What is intelligence? Provide
your own personal definition, with at least three criteria.
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Intelligence Testing Order share your journal within your group
explaining why & how you choose your criteria.
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Intelligence Testing What were some common criteria that came
up during our discussion?
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Intelligence Testing Intelligence is the ability of a person to
act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal affectively with
his or her environment.
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Intelligence Testing Classroom Exercise: Designing an
intelligence test 6 questions Objective questions Examples: Which
two states are not in the continental U.S.? The number of seconds
taken to complete a simple puzzle, word problem, or maze.
Analogies, logic, and math problems Picture problems Categorization
task
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Intelligence Testing
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Journal #2 Describe your intelligence test and explain if the
test demonstrates reliability and validity.
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Types of Psychological Tests Types of tests Objective MMPI-2
Myers-Briggs AP Psychology Subjective TAT test n Ach Rorschach
Inkblot Inter-rater reliability Achievement test Aptitude test
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Types of Psychological Tests Types of tests Objective MMPI-2
Myers-Briggs AP Psychology Subjective TAT test n Ach Rorschach
Inkblot Inter-rater reliability Achievement test Aptitude test
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Characteristics of Psychological Tests Test validity Face
validity Content validity Criterion validity Predictive validity
Item analysis
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Characteristics of Psychological Tests Test reliability
Test-retest reliability Split-half reliability
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Standardization and Norms Standardization Standardized testing
1.The administration and scoring is the same for all 2.Results can
be used to draw conclusions
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Standardization and Norms Norming Normal curve Normal
range
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Standardization and Norms Discussion question: What are some
ethical considerations to take into account when administering a
standardized test?
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Psychological Testing Reflection: Does our society put too much
emphasis on achievement and aptitude tests (i.e. SAT, ACT, IQ, or
AP tests? Give two reasons to support your opinion.
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Mock Intelligence Test How did it feel to take the IQ test?
(ordered share) Do you think your intelligence has been accurately
measured? Are there anyways the test might be improved?
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Checking for Understanding
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Intelligence Testing Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon Background
Mental age (MA) Chronological age (CA) Key features: Measured
current performance Created to identify at risk students Training
and opportunity could affect scores
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Intelligence Testing Questions on the original Binet-Simon
test: Name various objects shown in a picture. Repeat a 15 word
sentences given by the examiner. Comply with simple commands.
Explain the differences between two common objects. Use three words
given by the examiner in a sentence. Define abstract terms (such as
friendship)
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Intelligence Testing Intelligence testing in the U.S.
Background Immigration Universal education World War I
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Intelligence Testing Lewis Terman Stanford-Binet intelligence
test Intelligence quotient (IQ) Criticism of the test Tested
different abilities at different ages
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Intelligence Testing Wechsler Intelligence Test
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Intelligence Testing
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Checking for Understanding
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Intelligence Testing Discussion: Why do intelligent people
fail?
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Intelligence Testing Reasons intelligent people fail: Lack of
Motivation Lack of perseverance Personal difficulties Inability to
delay gratification
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Intelligence Testing Ordered Share: Are intelligent people
happy? Why or why not? Give at least on reason to support your
answer?
Slide 48
Intelligence Testing Lewis Termans longitudinal study of gifted
children Happy and successful
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Intelligence Testing Expectations Influences Performance Rat
experiments Rosenthal and Jacobson Self-fulfilling prophecy Claude
Steel Stereotype threat
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Teacher Expectancy Discussion: How are teacher expectancies
translated to students in their classroom? Factors involved:
Quality of time Teacher questioning Teacher praise Teacher
non-verbal cues Instruction Reflection: In your opinion, what
factor has the most impact on low expectancy students?
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Intelligence Testing Extremes of Intelligence Mental
retardation Down Syndrome Giftedness
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Intelligence Testing Savant syndrome Low functioning: Language
Socialization Reasoning Practical IQ Emotional IQ
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Savant Syndrome
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Islands of genius: Savant syndrome After a 30-minute helicopter
ride and a visit to the top of a skyscraper, British savant artist
Stephen Wiltshire began seven days of drawing that reproduced the
Tokyo skyline.
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Intelligence Testing Ordered Share: Do you believe that there
is one or many components to human intelligence.
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Intelligence Testing Psychometric theories of intelligence
Charles Spearman General Intelligence Factor analysis g factor
Sports analogy g
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Intelligence Testing Raymond Cattel Crystallized intelligence
Fluid intelligence
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Theories of Intelligence Robert Sternbergs intelligence theory
Triarchic Theory Practical intelligence
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Practical Intelligence
Slide 61
Theories of Intelligence Robert Sternbergs intelligence theory
Triarchic Theory Practical intelligence Analytical
intelligence
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Theories of Intelligence Robert Sternbergs intelligence theory
Triarchic Theory Practical intelligence Analytical intelligence
Creative intelligence
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Emotional Intelligence
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Ability to perceive emotions Ability to understand emotions
Ability to manage emotions Ability to use emotions Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
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Multiple Intelligence Howard Gardner Theory of multiple
intelligences 1.Linguistic/Verbal
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Multiple Intelligence
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Howard Gardner Theory of multiple intelligences
1.Linguistic/Verbal 2.Logical-Mathematical
Slide 71
Multiple Intelligence
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Howard Gardner Theory of multiple intelligences
1.Linguistic/Verbal 2.Logical-Mathematical 3.Interpersonal
Slide 74
Multiple Intelligence
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Howard Gardner Theory of multiple intelligences
1.Linguistic/Verbal 2.Logical-Mathematical 3.Interpersonal
4.Intrapersonal
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Multiple Intelligence
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Howard Gardner Theory of multiple intelligences
1.Linguistic/Verbal 2.Logical-Mathematical 3.Interpersonal
4.Intrapersonal 5.Spatial/Visual
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Multiple Intelligence
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Howard Gardner Theory of multiple intelligences
1.Linguistic/Verbal 2.Logical-Mathematical 3.Interpersonal
4.Intrapersonal 5.Spatial/Visual 6.Body-Kinesthetic
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Multiple Intelligence
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Howard Gardner Theory of multiple intelligences
1.Linguistic/Verbal 2.Logical-Mathematical 3.Interpersonal
4.Intrapersonal 5.Spatial/Visual 6.Body-Kinesthetic 7.Musical
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Multiple Intelligence
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Theories of Intelligence Howard Gardner Theory of multiple
intelligences 1.Linguistic/Verbal 2.Logical-Mathematical
3.Interpersonal 4.Intrapersonal 5.Spatial/Visual 6.Body-Kinesthetic
7.Musical 8.Naturalist
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Multiple Intelligence
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Howard Gardner Theory of multiple intelligences
1.Linguistic/Verbal 2.Logical-Mathematical 3.Interpersonal
4.Intrapersonal 5.Spatial/Visual 6.Body-Kinesthetic 7.Musical
8.Naturalist 9.Existential
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Multiple Intelligence
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Howard Gardner Theory of multiple intelligences
1.Linguistic/Verbal 2.Logical-Mathematical 3.Interpersonal
4.Intrapersonal 5.Spatial/Visual 6.Body-Kinesthetic 7.Musical
8.Naturalist 9.Existential 10.Spiritual
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Multiple Intelligence
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Theories of Intelligence Howard Gardner Theory of multiple
intelligences 1.Linguistic/Verbal 2.Logical-Mathematical
3.Interpersonal 4.Intrapersonal 5.Spatial/Visual 6.Body-Kinesthetic
7.Musical 8.Naturalist 9.Existential 10.Spiritual Ordered Share: In
your opinion, what is one of your strengths and weaknesses?
Explain.
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Theories of Intelligence Reflection: What did you learn about
yourself from the multiple intelligence assessment?
Slide 92
Applying Theories of Intelligence Scenario: Eddie is a ten
year-old and his parents have just been told that he is mentally
challenged based on the standard IQ (80) and achievement tests.
Eddie has difficulty with his course work, but he has a lovable
disposition and gets along well with his teacher and the other
children in his class. He enjoys camping and the outdoors and is
excellent at basketball and often will go outside to shoot free-
throws rather that doing his homework. Eddie also enjoys listening
to music and is interested in learning the guitar.
Slide 93
Applying Theories of Intelligence Instructions: Using the
theory of intelligence that you have been assigned, write and
assessment of Eddies intelligence for his parents. Take the
position of a psychologist in the school with the particular theory
you have been assigned. Include how you would assess Eddies
intelligence and his future success in the wolrd. Triarchic Theory
Multiple Intelligence Theory Emotional Intelligence
Slide 94
Intelligence Testing: Nature v. Nurture Ordered Share: In your
opinion, what plays a bigger role in intelligence nature or
nurture? What are the implications?
Slide 95
Intelligence and Heredity I told my parents that if grades were
so important they should have paid for a smarter egg donor.
Slide 96
Intelligence Testing Heritability and group differences
Heritability refers only to differences within a group of
individuals who have shared the same environment
Slide 97
Intelligence and Heredity Natures own morphing Nature draws no
sharp boundaries between races, which blend gradually one into the
next around the Earth. Thanks to the human urge to classify,
however, people socially define themselves in racial categories,
which become catch-all labels for physical features, social
identity, and nationality.
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Intelligence and Heredity Intelligence and heredity Interaction
of many genes Intelligence: Nature and nurture The most genetically
similar people have the most similar intelligence scores. Remember:
1.0 indicates a perfect correlation; zero indicates no correlation
at all.
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Intelligence Testing Intelligence and heredity Interaction of
many genes Who do adopted children resemble? As the years went by
in their adoptive families, childrens verbal ability scores became
modestly more like their biological parents scores.
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Intelligence and Environment Contact early in life High
stimulus environments early in life Amount of schooling Problem
solving Project Head Start
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Intelligence and Environment
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Devastating neglect Romanian orphans who had minimal
interaction with caregivers, such as this child in the Lagunul
Pentro Copii orphanage in 1990, suffered delayed cognitive
development.
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Intelligence and Environment The Scarr and Winberg Adoption
Study
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The Flynn Effect
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Intelligence Testing The Jenson Controversy Implications
Factors Jenson ignores: Racism Teacher expectancy effect Lack of
opportunity Social bias of IQ test Heritability
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Intelligence Testing Low IQs cause poverty Problems with
Correlation is not causation Miss use of hereditary Test bias
Slide 107
Intelligence Testing Social Class and IQ Claude Steel
Stereotype threat Less access to health care Poor nutrition Lack of
books Caregivers work long hours Environmental effects Differences
in schooling (taxes)