AP Psychology Rowland High School. The need for psychological science The limits of human...
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AP Psychology Rowland High School. The need for psychological science The limits of human intuition Intuition - something known or believed instinctively,
The need for psychological science The limits of human
intuition Intuition - something known or believed instinctively,
without actual evidence for it (ordered share)
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The need for psychological science The limits of human
intuition Hindsight bias the tendency to believe, after learning an
outcome, that one would have foreseen it. (ordered share)
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The Need for Psychological Science The limits of human
intuition Hindsight bias Overconfidence phenomenon (group
discussion)
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The Need for Psychological Science The limits of human
intuition Hindsight bias Overconfidence phenomenon Confirmation
bias
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Directions: Create a bubble map describing qualities of a good
scientist.
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The Scientific Attitude Curious eagerness Skeptically
scrutinize competing ideas Open-minded humility before nature
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Directions: Create a circle map describing qualities of a good
scientist. What quality is most important for a scientist? Explain
why.
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The Scientific method a five-step process for empirical
investigation of a hypothesis under conditions designed to control
biases and subjective judgments. Empirical investigation - an
approach to research that relies on sensory Theory a testable
explanation for a set of facts or observations.
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The Scientific Method 1. Developing a hypothesis 2. Performing
a controlled test 3. Gathering objective data 4. Analyzing the
results 5. Publishing, criticizing, and replicating the
results
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Opening Activity: Which of the following ideas did you
experience in the card activity? Explain. The limits of human
intuition Hindsight bias Overconfidence phenomenon Confirmation
bias
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Types of Psychological Research Experimental method Hypothesis
(if x, then y) Operational definitions Independent variable
(stimuli) Random presentation D ependent variable (participants
responses) Confounding or extraneous variables Control group Random
assignment
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Types of Psychological Research Experimental method Example -
Therapeutic Touch Therapy
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Types of Psychological Research Experimental method (continued)
Blind procedure Double-blind procedure Placebo effect
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Summarize: Write a 4-5 sentence summary of what you learned
yesterday in class about the experimental method. Be prepared to
share your summary.
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Presentation Topics: 1. Non-experimental (ex post facto) 2.
Correlation studies 3. Survey 4. Naturalistic study 5. Longitudinal
/cross-sectional/cohort- sequential study 6. Personal and
expectancy bias 7. Ethics in research (IRB & IACUC) 8.
Deception in research 9. Animal studies
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Presentation Rubric: The information is organized (think
PowerPoint slide) Everyone contributes to the poster Everyone has a
speaking role in the presentation At least one example not from the
textbook or handout
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Presentation Topics: 1. Non-experimental (ex post facto) 2.
Correlation studies 3. Survey 4. Naturalistic study 5. Longitudinal
/cross-sectional/cohort- sequential study 6. Personal and
expectancy bias 7. Ethics in research (IRB & IACUC) 8.
Deception in research 9. Animal studies
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Non-Experimental (ex post facto) Correlation Studies
Correlation helps predict Does not imply cause and eff ect
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Correlation
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Non-Experimental (ex post facto) Correlation Studies Survey
(video clip) Naturalistic study Describes behavior Does not explain
behavior
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Non-Experimental (ex post facto) Correlation Studies Survey
(video clip) Naturalistic study Longitudinal
/cross-sectional/cohort- sequential study Case study Suggest
further study Cannot discern general truths
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Personal and expectancy bias Ethics in research (IRB &
IACUC) Informed Consent Debrief Deception in research Animal
studies
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Correlation How well does A predict B? What is the relationship
between A and B? Positive versus negative correlation Strength of
the correlation coefficient -1.0 to +1.0 Scatterplot
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Comparing Research Methods
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Summarize: Write a 4-5 sentence summary of what you learned
about research methods from the class presentations. Be prepared to
share your summary.
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Correlation
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Two Types of Statistics Descriptive Inferential
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Descriptive Statistics Frequency distribution Histogram
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Measures of Central Tendency Mode (occurs the most) Mean
(arithmetic average) Median (middle score) Range (highest score
lowest score)
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Descriptive Statistics Frequency distribution Histogram
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Measures of Central Tendency Mode (occurs the most) Mean
(arithmetic average) Median (middle score)
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Measures of Variability Range Standard deviation Inferential
Statistics Representative sample Significant difference t test
p