Psychological Principles. UIDE Chapter 5 Four Psychological Principles Four Psychological Principles –Users See What They Expect to See –Users Have Difficulty

Psychological PrinciplesPsychological Principles

UIDE Chapter 5UIDE Chapter 5

• Four Psychological PrinciplesFour Psychological Principles– Users See What They Expect to SeeUsers See What They Expect to See

– Users Have Difficulty Focusing on More Than One Users Have Difficulty Focusing on More Than One Activity at a TimeActivity at a Time

– It Is Easier to Perceive a Structured LayoutIt Is Easier to Perceive a Structured Layout

– It Is Easier to Recognize Something Than to Recall It Is Easier to Recognize Something Than to Recall ItIt


Design KnowledgeDesign Knowledge

• Design PrinciplesDesign Principles– First Principles of Interactive DesignFirst Principles of Interactive Design

• Design RulesDesign Rules– 8 Golden Rules8 Golden Rules

•See URL: See URL: http://www.usask.ca/education/coursework/skaalid/theory/interface.htmhttp://www.usask.ca/education/coursework/skaalid/theory/interface.htm


4 Psychological Principles4 Psychological Principles

• Users See What They Expect to Users See What They Expect to SeeSee



• Users Have Difficulty Focusing on Users Have Difficulty Focusing on More Than One Activity at a TimeMore Than One Activity at a Time– The Cocktail Party EffectThe Cocktail Party Effect

•Principle of Perceptual OrganizationPrinciple of Perceptual Organization– Group like things togetherGroup like things together

•Principle of ImportancePrinciple of Importance– Prominent display for important itemsProminent display for important items



• It Is Easier to Perceive a It Is Easier to Perceive a Structured LayoutStructured Layout


4 Psychological Principles 4 Psychological Principles • Gestalt principlesGestalt principles

a.a. ProximityProximity• Elements close together are seen as groupsElements close together are seen as groups

b.b. SimilaritySimilarity• Elements with same shape or color appear to belong Elements with same shape or color appear to belong

togethetogetherr

c.c. ClosureClosure• When possible, we compllete incomplete objects in our When possible, we compllete incomplete objects in our

headhead

d.d. ContinuityContinuity• Figure d is two lines of dots, not random onesFigure d is two lines of dots, not random ones

e.e. SymmetrySymmetry• Regions with symmetric borders are sen as shapesRegions with symmetric borders are sen as shapes



– It Is Easier to Recognize Something It Is Easier to Recognize Something Than to Recall ItThan to Recall It

• Principle of recognitionPrinciple of recognition

• Knowledge in the head & Knowledge Knowledge in the head & Knowledge in the worldin the world


•Three Principles from Three Principles from Experience: Visibility, Experience: Visibility, Affordance, and FeedbackAffordance, and Feedback

– The Principle of The Principle of VisibilityVisibility: It Should : It Should Be Obvious What a Control Is Used Be Obvious What a Control Is Used ForFor


Three Principles from Experience: Three Principles from Experience: Visibility, Affordance, and Visibility, Affordance, and FeedbackFeedback

– The Principle of The Principle of AffordanceAffordance: It : It Should Be Obvious How a Control Is Should Be Obvious How a Control Is UsedUsed


Three Principles from Experience: Three Principles from Experience: Visibility, Affordance, and Visibility, Affordance, and FeedbackFeedback

• The Principle of The Principle of FeedbackFeedback: It Should : It Should Be Obvious When a Control Has Been Be Obvious When a Control Has Been UsedUsed

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Psychological Principles. UIDE Chapter 5 Four Psychological Principles Four Psychological Principles –Users See What They Expect to See –Users Have Difficulty