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SOCIAL STRUCTUREstatuses, roles, and tricky situations

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SOCIAL STRUCTURE

• The pattern of relationships that results from people

carrying out the expected roles of the statuses they hold

• Status–a position in the social structure (either ascribed or achieved)

• Role–the expected behaviors of a person holding aparticular status

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Family

School

Work 

Peers

   Y  o  u

  r   S  o  c   i  a

   l   G  r  o  u

  p  s

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Primary(Gemeinschaft)

(informal sanctions)

Secondary(Gesellschaft)

(formal sanctions)

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Daughter

Sister

Niece

Cousin

Aunt

StudentSorority/

Club Member

Soldier

ROTC Student

Friend

   S   t  a   t  u  s  e  s

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Help family

Be at eventsSend cards

StudyRead

Attend Meetings

TrainRaise Awareness

Sacrifice

Hang OutListen

Keep Secrets   R  o   l  e

  s

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Achieved vs. Ascribed Statuses

Ascribed Achieved

Race Occupation

Ethnicity Marital Status

Sex Group Positions

Ascribed or Achieved?

A e

Homel ssness

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TRICKY SITUATION #1

Role Strain

•  the multiple behaviors expected of a person holding a

particular status cause strain or stress

• Student

• Parent

• CEO

• Sick person

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Master Status

http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/01129/arts-graphics-2008_1129745a.jpg

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TRICKY SITUATION #2

Status Inconsistency 

• a person with a particular ascribed status achievesanother status seen as inconsistent with the ascribedstatus

• Female doctor 

• Black hockey player 

• Gay professional football player 

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TRICKY SITUATION #3

Role Conflict

• a person with multiple statuses finds that the rolesattached to two or more different statuses come intoconflict

• Mother/juvenile court judge (example from text)

• babysitter/boyfriend (example from text)

• Club president/student

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http://tytc.blogspot.com/2009/09/conflict-word-of-day-200992.html

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ROLE STRAIN OR ROLE CONFLICT?

• Role Conflict

• Statuses in conflict:

• Mother 

• Worker 

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ROLE STRAIN OR ROLE CONFLICT?

• Role Strain

• Role being strained:

• HS Student• Expected behaviors:

• Homework 

• Study for exams

• Study for SAT

• Complete collegeappshttp://www.examplesof.com/society/role_strain.html

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BUREAUCRACIES

• Weber’s ideal-type:

1. jurisdictional areas

2. office hierarchy and levels of graded authority 

3. “paper trails”

4. Expertise valued above other statuses (e.g., no nepotism)5. Administration is full-time job

6. Management follows general rules

Wednesday September 28 2011