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Protozoa

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3

*

* Archaea

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Kingdom Archaea

• Single celled• Prokaryotic• Make or absorb food• DNA

– Similar to Eukaryotic

• Cell wall– Pseudopeptidoglycan

or protein only

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Kingdom Protista• Protozoa - 64,000 sp

– Animal like

• Unicellular– Some are colonial

• Motile• Reproduce

– Sexual– Asexual

• Nutrition– Heterotrophic– Autotrophic

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Origin of Protozoa• Earth is 4.6 billion years old

• Prokaryotic cells date back over 3.5 billion years

• 1.5 Billion years ago– Eukaryotic cells

• Became protozoans

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Nutrition in Protozoans

• Autotrophs

• Heterotrophs – Phagocytosis

• Mixotrophs

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9

Fig. 11.4

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Excretion and Osmoregulation

Contractile vacuoles

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ReproductionAsexual• Fission

– Binary fission – Budding – Multiple fission

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Reproduction

Sexual• Isogametes.

– Anisogametes.

• Syngamy • Autogamy • Conjugation

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Ciliates

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Ciliates

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Types of Ciliates

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Phylum Dinoflagellata

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Phylum Dinoflagellata

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Dinoflagellates

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Zooxanthellae

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Phylum RetortamonadaClass Diplomonadea

• Giardia lamblia– Giardiasis

• Backpackers disease• Beaver fever

• Inhabits intestines of several animals and man

• Acquired by drinking water with cysts

• Cramping and diarrhea

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African Sleeping Sickness

• Parasite - Trypanosoma • Chronic disease lasting

years.• Affecting countries of

western & central Africa.• Vector - Tsetse fly

(Glossina)• Reservoirs - infected wild

animals and humans

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African Sleeping Sickness

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Tsetse fly Trypanosome

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Plasmodium

• Malaria• Most important parasitic

disease of humans today• WHO estimates that 270

million new cases occur annually with 2 million annual deaths

• Transmitted by bite of infected mosquitoes of genus Anopheles

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28

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Toxoplasma• Toxoplasmosis• Parasite

– Cats, man, other mammals & birds

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• Fetus– Birth defects– Mental retardation

• Aids Patients– Fatal infection

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Eimeria

• Coccidiosis– Birds and mammals

• Bloody diarrhea

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Coccidiosis

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Amebas

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Entomoeba histolytica

• Amoebic dysentery• Transmitted by food &

water contaminated with cysts

• Bloody diarrhea

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