Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Are protected areas preserving the natural forest cover? Are Protected Areas in the Amazon Working? Research Questions What levels of risk are protected forests facing? Can we say something about the integrity of remaining forests? Risks? Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7 th 2009 Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7 th 2009
Citation preview
Protected Areas in the Brazilian Amazon: Performance, Pressure, and Efficacy
Christopher P. BarberMark A. Cochrane (advisor)
Geographic Information Science Center of Excellence, South Dakota State University, Brookings SD USAInstituto do Homem e Meio Ambiente da Amazônia, Belém PA Brazil
May 7th, 2009
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team MeetingNew York, NY
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University,
[email protected] Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
Protected Areas of the Brazilian Amazon
Full Protection Sustainable Use TotalFederal 254,135 327,826 581,961State 103,585 331,912 435,497Total 357,720 659,738 1,017,458Indigenous Land 961,887
Total: 1,831,775 km2
Are protected areas preserving the natural forest cover?
Are Protected Areas in the Amazon Working?
Research Questions
What levels of risk are protected forests facing?
Can we say something about the integrity of remaining forests? Risks?
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, [email protected]
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
Advances beyond previous work
Use of fine-scale land cover datasets
Monitoring over many annual observations (2000-2008)
Accounting for all designated limited-development areas
Research Questions
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, [email protected]
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
Performance, Pressure, & Efficacy
Efficacy
Factors of risk
Probability of Deforestation
Pressure
Intact Forest
Elements of Biodiversity
Performance
Connectivity
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, [email protected]
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
Preserving Forest Cover?
Deforestation as of 2006:
98 % of protected forests intact
Loss of 32,000 km2
Deforestation 2000-2006:
195,000 km2 throughout region
8% in protected areas
Loss of 15,000 km2
477,000 km2 throughout the Amazon (13%)
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, [email protected]
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
85% of all deforestation within 50 km
240,000 km of unofficial roads
73,000 km of official roads in region
Distance (km)1.02.03.04.05.0
Deforestation57.1 %79.3 %88.2 %92.3 %94.6 %
Roads, Deforestation, & Protected Areas
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, [email protected]
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
12% of protected forest within 5 km of road/river: 221,000 km2
Roads, Deforestation, & Protected Areas
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, [email protected]
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
100 m
300 m
500 m
1000+ m
Wind throw, increased insolation, desiccation, structural collapse
Compositional shift, loss of biomass, moderate drying
Decreased biodiversity (pollinators & understory birds)
Increased risk of fire
Forest / Deforested edge
Forest Cover (‘06) 300 m Edge 600 m Edge
Edge Effects in Protected ForestsCleared in protected areas: ~ 32,000 km2
Forest at 500m: ~ 43,000 km2
Forest at 1000m: ~ 85,000 km2
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, [email protected]
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University,
[email protected] Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
Examining the Network
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University,
[email protected] Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
Examining the Network
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University,
[email protected] Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
Other indicators of risk
Proximity to commercial centers
Terrain variables
County-level population
Fire
Performance, Pressure, & Efficacy
Factors of risk
Probability of Deforestation
Intact Forest
Core Forest
Efficacy
PerformancePressure
Deforestation Rates
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, [email protected]
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
Forest
Water
Natural non-forest
Cleared 2000
Cleared 2001
Cleared 2002
Cleared 2003
Cleared 2004
Cleared 2005
Cleared 2006
APA Triunfo do XinguState managed Environmental Protection Area
Total Area: 16.8 k km2 Cleared Area: 19.3 %Core @ 300m: 81.7 %Core @ 1km: 52.3 %Accessible: 66.9 %
Protected Area Report Card: PARC
existing forest within 5 km of road networkAccessible =
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, [email protected]
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
FLONA Bom Futuro
Federal managed National Forest
Total Area: 2,755 km2 Cleared Area: 18.9 %Core @ 300m: 73.2 %Core @ 1km: 34.2 %Accessible: 63.5 %
Forest
Water
Natural non-forest
Cleared 2000
Cleared 2001
Cleared 2002
Cleared 2003
Cleared 2004
Cleared 2005
Cleared 2006
Protected Area Report Card: PARC
existing forest within 5 km of road networkAccessible =
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, [email protected]
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
Forest
Water
Natural non-forest
Cleared 2000
Cleared 2001
Cleared 2002
Cleared 2003
Cleared 2004
Cleared 2005
Cleared 2006
FLORSU Rio S. DomingosState managed Sustained Yield ForestTotal Area: 2,919 km2 Cleared Area: 65.2 %Core @ 300m: 39.0 %Core @ 1km: 7.0 %Accessible: 98.6 %
Protected Area Report Card: PARC
existing forest within 5 km of road networkAccessible =
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, [email protected]
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
Not all parks are created equal
Network comprised of individual parks, or links
Some links may be weaker than others
Protected Area Report Card: PARC
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, [email protected]
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
Conclusion
Assessments of protected area networks need to move towards comprehensive examinations from a landscape perspective, with frequent
monitoring, and occur at scales that match the levels of disturbance
Christopher P. Barber, South Dakota State University, [email protected]
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Team Meeting, May 7th 2009
