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Proprietary and Strictly Confidential
Power Association ofNorthern California
May 2009
CURRENT Group, LLC • 20420 Century Boulevard • Germantown, MD 20874 • +1.301.944.2700 • www.currentgroup.com
Why is Smart Grid Needed Now?
Growth of renewables and distributed generationDynamics that could have a huge effect on a utility's ability to deliver reliable power at a reasonable price
Distribution systems are inefficient – Huge amounts of energy are wasted in line losses and an inefficient system (5%)
Aging infrastructure that will impact the reliability of power as well as inevitable rising costs
Generation shortfalls as demand growth well exceeds new generation
The need for infrastructure to support dispatchable demand response
3
Utility distribution systems have been operated as static “as built” Utility distribution systems have been operated as static “as built” systemssystems
With the growth of dynamic generation sources and the needs of the Smart With the growth of dynamic generation sources and the needs of the Smart Grid the distribution system will need to be dynamically managed.Grid the distribution system will need to be dynamically managed.
Dynamically controlling a complex distribution system will require new tools Dynamically controlling a complex distribution system will require new tools and systems.and systems.
Utilities have generally deployed silo systemsUtilities have generally deployed silo systems
Smart Grid is about an enterprise platform. All departments sharing data and Smart Grid is about an enterprise platform. All departments sharing data and analytics. Actionable intelligence needs to be integrated between IT systems analytics. Actionable intelligence needs to be integrated between IT systems
and within the business processes.and within the business processes.
Need higher speed enterprise communications and Smart Grid Need higher speed enterprise communications and Smart Grid opens Pandora’s Box of Dataopens Pandora’s Box of Data
Huge quantities of otherwise untapped data will be available. Up till now Huge quantities of otherwise untapped data will be available. Up till now utilities focused on SCADA data. The ability to collect, store and provide utilities focused on SCADA data. The ability to collect, store and provide
data independent analytics will be required.data independent analytics will be required.
System designed to address dynamic renewable generationSystem designed to address dynamic renewable generation
Minimize costs and waste to allow for renewablesMinimize costs and waste to allow for renewables
DistributionDistributionManagementManagement
Enterprise Enterprise Not Not
Silo SystemsSilo Systems
Paradigm shift:Paradigm shift:Data andData and
CommunicationsCommunications
Maximizing Maximizing RenewablesRenewables
What Does Smart Grid Mean?
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Reduce energy and carbon by precise dynamic voltage controlReduce energy and carbon by precise dynamic voltage control Many studies have shown a 1% drop in voltage results in a close .8% Many studies have shown a 1% drop in voltage results in a close .8%
drop in energy demanddrop in energy demand
Reduce losses (I2R) due to unbalanced feeders (3 phase) and circuitsReduce losses (I2R) due to unbalanced feeders (3 phase) and circuits
Reduce carbon, energy and costs by integrating load control functions Reduce carbon, energy and costs by integrating load control functions
(voltage, DR, DG, etc.) into a single efficient solution(voltage, DR, DG, etc.) into a single efficient solution
Reduce maintenance and capital costs, improve reliability, improve Reduce maintenance and capital costs, improve reliability, improve system capacity system capacity
Supports CBM, dynamic rating, loss of life and replacement programsSupports CBM, dynamic rating, loss of life and replacement programs
VoltageVoltageControlControl
LoadLoadBalancingBalancing
Advanced Advanced Load ControlLoad Control
Real TimeReal TimeAssetAsset
AnalysisAnalysis
Solid Engineering Solutions are Available
CCOMMUNICATIONSOMMUNICATIONS&& S SENSINGENSING
IINFRASTRUCTURENFRASTRUCTURE&& D DATA ATA MMANAGEMENTANAGEMENT
AANALYTICS & NALYTICS & CCONTROL ONTROL SSYSTEMSYSTEMS
CCOMMOMM / S / SENSINGENSING G GATEWAYSATEWAYS
BBACKHAULACKHAUL G GATEWAYSATEWAYS
OOPENGRIDPENGRIDTMTM PPLATFORMLATFORM SSYSTEM YSTEM OOPTIMIZATIONPTIMIZATION
DDISTRIBUTION ISTRIBUTION MMANAGEMENTANAGEMENT
CCUSTOMER USTOMER EENERGY NERGY MMANAGEMENTANAGEMENT
Smart Grid Solutions
GEOSPATIAL DATA MODEL
NETWORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
DEVICE DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
DSL WiMax Fiber Cable BPLCellular
“Smart Comms”
•DNP3• IEC 61850• IP•SNMPSecure & Encrypted
“Smart Integration”
• IEC 61968/61970 – CIM • ICCP, OPC• OGC GML• NRECA MultiSpeak• ANSI C12.19• Web Services (SOAP)
Middleware Neutral
UTILITY INFRASTRUCTURE COMPONENTSUTILITY
ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS
MetersCap
Banks RTUs IEDs
Distribution Transformer
PHEV Reclosers Tap
ChangersSensors Switches
MDMS
GIS
Billing/Metering
Work & Asset Mgmt
OMS
Data Historian
SCADA
Corp Service ERP/BI
SERVICES MANAGEMENT INTERFACE
Infrastructure and Data ManagementOpenGrid Architecture Overview
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE
ANALYTICS
• Latency Parameters• “Beyond” SCADA Data• Equipment Status Updates• Sensor Inventory & Management
• Measurement Data• Provisioning &
Network Monitoring• Alarms & Triggers
• Asset Properties• SCADA • OMS Device Status• Historical Load Data• Operational Data
SYSTEM OPTIMIZATION
DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT
CUSTOMER ENERGY
MANAGEMENT
System Optimization
Products that maximize the efficiency of the electricity flow from the utility to the customer.
Benefits
• Immediate savings by all rate payers
• Deferred spend on generation through the lowering of overall power requirements by up to 5%
• Reduced carbon emissions through the efficiency based reduction of overall power generation
Identification of load imbalance sections in feeders and recommendations to remedy imbalances for loading conditions and seasons
Phase Load Balancing
Voltage optimization through control of the substation Load Tap Changer Controllers based on real-time voltage measurements throughout the feeder
Dynamic Voltage Optimization
Power factor optimization through integrated control of capacitor banks
Volt/Var Control
88
SmartGridCityTM – Boulder, Colorado
“The fundamental component for making the smart grid work will be a robust and dynamic communications network; providing the utility the ability for real-time, two-way communications throughout the grid and enabling interaction with
each component from fuel source to end use” (Xcel Smart Grid White Paper)
Collaborating to Build the Next Generation Utility
9
SSmartGridCitymartGridCityTMTM
Consortium Consortium
Using the CURRENT portfolio, Xcel has found numerous issues on its grid• Customers back-feeding the grid
• Broken and loose neutrals
• Transformer failures
Xcel is operationally changing their behavior• CEO of Xcel and President of PSCO pushed mobile version to field crews
• Field crews liked it so much they have asked when more feeders will have this capability
Mental and fiscal shift from reactionary to preventative O&M• Area manager shifting budget from trouble shooting to preventative
Smart Grid Operational Impact - Xcel
10
Helping Xcel Realize its Smart Grid City Objectives
Xcel Objective Measurement CURRENT Smart Grid Impact
Improving Customer Satisfaction by reducing customer minutes out of service
Reduce SAIDI by 10% Distribution AutomationAnalysis & Reporting of: Incipient transformer failure Secondary neutral failure Voltage exceptions Transformer Overload Underground remote fault detection Outage notification & restoration
Empowering Customers to Reduce Electricity Usage
Decrease usage by 2.5% 2-way thermostat control Demand response portals Meter consumption reporting
Reduce Service and Billing Expense, Increase Revenue Assurance
Up to 50% annually Call center meter pings Automated meter reading Proactive maintenance (reduced O&M)
Decrease System Losses Reduce CO2 emissions up to 500,000 tons annually
System Optimization Conservation voltage reduction Volt/Var Control Phase Load Balancing
Asset Optimization Reduce capital investment and distribution/substation maintenance up to $32 mil annually
Substation monitoring Targeted asset replacement (system
reports)
Develop a Smart Grid City Consortium Framework
Seamless integration of applications and business process
Open GridTM Platform
Develop a Regulatory Framework to Recover Smart Grid Investment
TBD Smart Grid Value Model
11
“Issues are often resolved before consumers even realize that there was a problem”
Oncor Press Release
11
Smart Grid Operational Impact - Oncor
Trees8%
Xformer25%
Xformer Lead/Connection
10%
Secondary Brkr Tripped
30%
Secondary2%
Secondary/Xformer9%
Arrestor1%
Xformer Tap1%
Capacitor2%
Sub LV Bus Voltage
6%
Secondary Neutral Connection
6%
Examples of items detected by a Smart Grid:
Smart Grid Solutions:
● 24x7 real-time distribution network monitoring in use
● Dispatching work crews to repair problems detected by CURRENT Smart GridTM
● Underground fault detection installed
● Successful distribution automation switching trial
94% of the incidents detected avoided customer complaints
54% of the incidents detected avoided outages
Conclusion
True Smart grid projects can be proposed for stimulus money. No need to dust off old projects.
Smart Grid benefits both the consumer and utility
•Consumers get lower cost, cleaner more reliable energy
•Utilities get reduced operating costs, lower generation costs, and a more reliable and efficient distribution system.