Processing of Waste,Solve the Problems?

WAHANA LINGKUNGAN HIDUP INDONESIA (WALHI)

Friends of the Earth (FoE) Indonesiawww.walhi.or.id

Current environmental condition

• Current environmental condition are very bad. • It is caused by the several factors; the growth

of Era and population of the people, less initiatif to care the environment and the bad habits of human beings.

The Environmental Problems 2013Forest (13,5%); Mining (24,3%); Plantation (12,2%);Sea & coastal (5,4%); Waste (6,8%)

The actors of enviromental destroyer

What about the Waste in Indonesia?

“Sampah adalah bahan yang tidak mempunyai nilai atau tidak berharga untuk maksud biasa atau utama dalam pembikinan atau pemakaian barang rusak atau bercacat dalam pembikinan atau ditolak atau dibuang. (Kamus istilah lingkungan, 1994 )

The waste is useless or priceless materials that is rejected or thrown out. All materials around us can be (candidates) the waste. If we don’t have good management in processing the materials, we’ll really in a big problem.

The estimation of waste in Indonesia

Group of area Waste generated (million ton/Year)

Sumatera 8,7

Jawa 21,2

Balinusra 1,3

Kalimantan 2,3

Sumapapua 5,0

TOTAL 38,5

The estimation of people servedGroup of area Population

(Million)Population served

(Million)% Population

served

Sumatera 49,3 23,5 48 %

Jawa 137,2 80,8 59 %

Balinusra 12,6 6,0 47 %

Kalimantan 12,9 6,0 46 %

Sumapapua 20,08 14,2 68 %

TOTAL 232,7 130,3 56 %

The estimastion of waste that thrown in TPA (Final Processing)

Group of area Waste throwned in TPA(million ton/year)

Sumatera 2,5

Jawa 7,0

Balinusra 1,7

Kalimantan 0,7

Sumapapua 1,6

TOTAL 13,6

The total Estimation of waste based on the type of waste

Type of waste Amount (million ton/year)

Persentage(%)

Sampah Dapur (kitchen) 22,4 58 %

Sampah Plastik (plastics) 5,4 14 %

Sampah Kertas (paper) 3,6 9 %

Sampah lainnya (others) 2,3 6 %

Sampah kayu (wood) 1,4 4 %

Sampah kaca (glass) 0,7 2 %

Sampah Karet/kulit 0,7 2 %

Sampah kain (textil) 07 2 %

Sampah metal 0,7 2 %

Sampah pasir (sands) 0,5 1 %

TOTAL 38,5 100 %

The Facts related to the problems of waste in Indonesia

• The waste became serious threat for the big cities in Indonesia.• Talking about the waste relates with 85% about life style which designed by the

global market (industries).• Waste piles provides bad impacts to the environment and became the killing

machine.• Luwiegajah landfill Bandung has frowned over 130 human lives due to landslides,

avalanche Bantar Gebang Bekasi landfill has killed 3 people and injured dozens of people.

• The waste in Indonesia has triggered the social conflict (Case of TPST Bojong Bogor).

• Production of plastic waste in Indonesia was ranked second domestic waste at 5.4 million tons per year - 14 percent of total waste production in Indonesia

• 57 percent of waste found on beaches in the form of plastic waste. 46,000 plastic waste floating in every square mile of ocean, even the depth of plastic waste in the Pacific Ocean has reached nearly 100 meters.

The Facts related to the problems of waste in Indonesia

• Increasing the amount of waste reaching 2 to 4 percent per year. The composition of organic waste reaches 50 to 70 percent.

• Waste caused disasters; floods, landslide of waste piles, pollution, and diseases.

• The operational function of Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA)/landfill of waste is not maximal . It is just 10% from 438 TPA/Landfill that operated maximal.

• Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum RI has targeting to build 70 landfill in 2014.

• The amount of waste is to much• Limited in processing and landfill• Infrastructure for processing and

transporting is very expensive• Budaya hidup bersih masih rendah

Waste is very difficult to solve

because:

• Healthy and safety : the source of diseases

• Environment and sosial: contamine the water, soil, air, causing floods and social conflict.

• esthetics: bad view and dirty, • Politics: became a marginal area

Negative impacts of waste

that is not managed well:

UU Pengelolaan Sampah(UU No. 18 tahun 2008)

• 1 (1) - Sampah adalah sisa kegiatan sehari-hari manusia dan/atau proses alam yang berbentuk padat

• 1 (5) Pengelolaan sampah adalah kegiatan yang sistematis, menyeluruh, dan berkesinambungan yang meliputi pengurangan dan penanganan sampah

• 4 - Pengelolaan sampah bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat dan kualitas lingkungan serta menjadikan sampah sebagai sumber daya.

• 5 - Pemerintah dan pemerintahan daerah bertugas menjamin terselenggaranya pengelolaan sampah yang baik dan berwawasan lingkungan sesuai dengan tujuan sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Undang-Undang ini

Case study; waste in Jakarta• Management of transportation and processing of waste is not

yet builded well. At the same time, it is difficult to press the production of waste in public area.

• The Government of DKI Jakarta alocates Rp.1,3 Triliun for Dinas Kebersihan (Sanitation Departement). Most of the funds were used for the transport and waste management in place Integrated Waste (TPST) Bantargebang, Bekasi, West Java.

• Dinas Kebersihan Jakarta claimed garbage transported to Bantargebang range 6000-6500 tons per day, about 13 percent in the form of plastic waste.

Waste generated/day in Jakarta is 28.000 m3 = almost 4X of the football field (105m x 70 m, high 1m) = 1/2 volume of Borobudur temple.

Dinas Kebersihan DKI currently has:1. 797 units trucks of waste, 46% broken or can’t be operated and only

able to transporting one rit garbage per day.2. The employees of DKI who have duty for environment is only 80.000.3. DKI Jakarta has only one landfill in Bantar Gebang (operated since 1989)

with the total area 108 Ha and designed to accomodate 19 million m3 of waste and now has been filled 9 million m3.

4. Today, the location of TPS is determined by community and facilitated by the Lurah (local major).

Case study; waste in Jakarta

Mindset changes:1. Sorting garbage from the source (households)

2. Garbage is not a source of problems, but as a valuable resource that has economic value

3. Commitment of stakeholders that the problem of waste as a priority issue.4. Waste management policies directed at improving the environmental quality

5. Using materials that are environmentally friendly

Integrated Processing Waste System:Systematic effort in processing and utilization of waste from the landfill to the source, so that the amount of

waste can be minimized or even exhausted utilized for the benefit of others field.

• 871 tons/day• Transported:

87%• Not

transported: 5%

Production of waste

• Processing compos 20 tons/day in cooperation with PT. Orgi (Australia)

• Burning of gas metan (LFG) 300 m3/hour in cooperation with PT. Gikoko (have quota from the WB) PLT Sampah 1 MW

• Processing of water in IPA Lindi

Waste Processing

• Makassar Green and Clean di 143 kelurahan, 320 RW with 320 fasilitator and 15.000 environment cadres

• Makassar Green School (11 SMP dan 11 SMU/SMK)

• Program Adiwiyata (SD, SMP, SMU/SMK)

Government programs

Example of Integrated Processing Waste System by The Govenrnmet of Makassar

Processing of waste

REDUCE(Mengurangi)

REUSE(menggunakan

kembali)

RECYCLE(Daur ulang)

PENGUMPULAN DARI RT/WILAYAH

TRANSPORTASISAMPAH

PemanfaatanDan penanganan di TPA

komposting Incenerator Penggunaan kembali

Residu

Penyimpanan di TPA

DIAGRAM PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH KOTA

SECARA TERPADU

PEMILAHAN

• Sampah organik• Sampah Anorganik bermanfaat• Sampah Anorganik berbahaya

PENGUMPULA

N

• TIAP RUMAH TANGGA• DOOR TO DOOR• TPS• POOL CONTAINER

PENGANGKUT

AN

• TRUK TERBUKA• TRUK KOMPAKTOR• TRUK TRIPER• ARM ROLL TRUCK

PENANGANA

N AKHIR

• CONTROLLED LANDFILL• SANITARY LANDFILL

SISTEM PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH KOTA SECARA TERPADU

SAMPAH TERMANFAATKAN

Komposting,bioaktivator, pakanDaur ulang kertas, penggunaan Kembali gelas kaca & plastik

ResiduSampah tdktermanfaatkan

Sampah

Pemilahan

Pengumpulan

DIAGRAM PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH SKALARUMAH TANGGA DAN KAWASAN

Ilustrasi Alur-Alir Proses Daur Ulang

Organik

Kertas

Plastik Kerasan

Plastik Lunak

Logam

Residu

Gelas/KacaBotol

Karton/Kardus

Pemilahan

WALHI Concerns• Calls on the government to look at/develop policies and waste management

master plan. • Disseminate educational agenda to the public waste management including

motion reduce, reuse, recyle • Calls on the government to support community efforts that the current waste

management practices in small scale such as household, RT / RW and villages.• Encourage decentralization of waste management policies till the lower level,

not only centralization policies that still rely on the end where the garbage disposal

• Encourage the policies of reducing production of goods at the downstream level and urged industry to produce environmentally friendly products.

Being a wise Consumer

• Raise your awareness and environmental concern• Start from our home• Try to Reduce use of plastics • Build up the creativity

Setiap orang berhak atas lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat sebagai bagian dari hak asasi manusia (Ps 65 (1) UUPPLH)

Setiap orang berkewajiban memelihara kelestarian fungsi lingkungan hidup serta mengendalikan pencemaran dan/atau kerusakan lingkungan hidup.

If we are not being part of the problem solving, it means we are part of the problem

...ThankYou...

Kurniawan SabarManajer Kampanye Eknas WALHI

Campaign Manager- National Executive of WALHIkurniawan.walhi@gmail.com

HP.: 085255490050

Wahana Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia (WALHI) Friends Of The Earth Indonesia

Jl. Tegal Parang Utara No. 14 Mampang, Jakarta Selatan

Tlp. 021 – 79193363Fax. 021-7941673www.walhi.or.id