Progressive Era

Origins of Progressivism

Reaction to the abuses of the Gilded Age Four goals: protecting social welfare

Child laborYMCASettlement HousesFlorence Kelley- women and children’s advocateJane Addams

Goals of Progressives

Promoting moral improvement:Progressives wanted an nationalAmendment for ProhibitionWCTU- Women’s Christian Temperance Movement

Anti-Saloon League Carry Nation

Goals of Progressivism

Creating Economic Reform:lessening the gap between the rich and poor.

Eugene V. Debs: Socialist Party 1901

Muckrakers!! Ida M. Tarbell- History of the Standard

Oil Company

Fostering Efficiency

Faith in scientific principles: Brandies brief; argued a lawsuit based on DATA

from social scientists about the detriment of working 10 hr days. (Women in a laundry factory)

Assembly lines! Reform minded Govenors- (WI) Robert M. La

Follete “Fightin Bob La Follette” - RR James s. Hogg (TX) – Insurance and RR

Reforms Enacted

1908 7 1917 – 10 work day for men and women

1902 – (MD) Requires employers to pay death benefits

Council-Manager Model - government

Reforms

Initiative- Originates with the people not with elected officials. A potential law, ordinance etc

Referendum: People vote on their initiative Recall – Remove elected officials that voters

feel is doing a bad job or even guilty of crimes

Fostering Efficiency: (define these terms) Child Labor LawsReferendumInitiativeRecall

Robert M. La Follette and James S. Hogg (Identify these people)

Progressivism

National Government

16th Amendment – National income tax. 1909.

17th Amendment – Direct Election of Senators 1912

18th Amendment - Prohibition 1917(repealed 1933 with 21st Amend)

19th Amendment – Women’s Right to Vote - 1919

Local /State Gov’t.

Commission Style of Gov’t. (1900 Galveston hurricane)

System of work relief for unemployed. Town hall style meetings- direct

engagement of citizens. Child Labor Laws/ OJI benefits- 1902 (Md.)

What is another name for an Australian ballot?

If voters remove an elected official from office, they exercised their right to ___?

Which amendment provided for a federal income tax?

The 19th amendment provided what right? Why did Progressives want the people to

elect Senators instead of state legislature?

Quick Review

Women’s right to VOTE

Bad Romance: Women's Suffrage <iframe width="560" height="315"

src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/IYQhRCs9IHM?rel=0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

Bell Ringer

“Walk softly and carry a big stick.”

Write down what you think this means and who do you think might have said it.

(Guess from President McKinley, Roosevelt, Taft, or Woodrow Wilson)

TR and Reform

Teddy Roosevelt Become President in 1901 after McKinley is assassinated. First true Reformer President (youngest president at the

time 42)

1902 Coal Strike- TR urges arbitration but neither side would cooperate.TR then threaten to bring in the army to make sure the trains and coal were delivered.

This established for the 1st time that Gov’t was powerful enough to protect it’s citizens and control business

Trustbusting & TR

1902 Northern Securities - (monopolies are called Trusts at this time)

TR feels that some trusts are good and some are bad. He ‘went after the bad trusts’

In 1904 the Supreme court rules in favor of TR using the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.

TR and changes

In your NOTEBOOKS look in Chapter 6 Lesson 2 and make a list of ALL of TR accomplishments. We will share either at the end of class or first thing tomorrow. 1. Hepburn Act = Interstate Commerce Commission2. Pure Food & Drug Act3. Meat Inspection ACT4. Newlands Reclamation Act5. Dept. Of Commerce and Labor

Bell Ringer

TR and the “Square Deal”

3 C’s 1. Control of Corporations-

2. Consumer Protection- 3. Conservation-

TR and Cartoons

What part of TRs square deal does this represent?

William H. Taft

1908 Election – Wm. H. Taft easily wins

True Trustbuster – double the lawsuits of TR

Children’s Dept- What is this called today?

Bureau of Mines

Wm. H. Taft

1912 Election

Republican nominee – TaftDemocrats – Woodrow Wilson“Bull Moose” – T. Roosevelt

Clear Target

I will be able to show the difference between Teddy Roosevelt and W.H Taft as presidents!

Activities Today Today we will analyze some political

cartoons of TR and Taft. Take some notes Answer some questions to show what I’ve

learned today

Progressives under Taft!

1908 “Vote for Taft, you can vote for Byran any time!”

90 Trusts- dismantled (busted) in 4yrs. Taft helps to divide Republican Party

Payne- Aldrich Tariff billBallinger incident

1912 -Bull Moose Party- rebel splinter group of Progressive Republicans who want TR

Democrats nominate Woodrow Wilson

1912 Election

TR, Taft, Wilson and Debs Pg. 331 – List each party and what they

proposed for the election. Why did Wilson win? Who was the “real” winner in 1912? What was the name of Wilson’s program for

America?

Clear Target

I will be able to identify the reform made by President W. Wilson

I will be able to identify the differences between the Progressive Presidents

ACTIVITIES: Notes on W. Wilson and his administration Create a chart comparing TR, Taft, Wilson

Bell Ringer

Question: Identify the difference between TR and Taft as Progressive Presidents?

Wilson & Taft

W. Wilson as President Southerner, conservative, president of Princeton, Gov. of NJ ALL trusts are bad. Clayton Antitrust Act- 1914

“Magna Carta” of labor unions- Samuel Gompers

Federal Trade Commission (FTC) created. 1914. Watchdog agency able to investigate violations by giant corps

Lowered tariff! 16th Amendment- Federal Income Tax.

19th Amendment – Women right to VOTE!

Wilson the Progressives

Wilson & Civil Rights

1912 Wilson campaigned to end lynchingBut backed off once elected

Wilson supported segregationist policies 1914 Delegation to question Wilson on

segregation policies led by Wm. Monroe Trotter

COMPARE PRESIDENTS

CREATE in your notes a CHART

comparing Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson

Progressive Presidents

President Tariff Civil Rights Trusts Conservation

Roosevelt

Taft

Wilson

Use your notes and textbook to list the accomplishments of each of these Progressive Presidents.

Foreign Policyand Progressive Presidents

Theodore Roosevelt: Roosevelt Corollary- To ensure peace and stability in Latin America through US intervention. “ All that this country desires is to see the neighboring countries stable, orderly, and prosperous. Any country whose people conduct themselves well can count upon our hearty friendship . . Chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which results in a general loosening of the ties of civilized society, may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States” - Congress 1905

Foreign Policy and Progressive Presidents

Taft – “Dollar Diplomacy” - “Next to the right of liberty, the right of property is the most important individual right guaranteed by the Constitution...has contributed more to the growth of civilization” .

President Taft believed that the US should invest heavily in foreign countries so that the US could have a say in their political decisions. We did everything from build schools, railroads, we sent troops to stop internal rebellions

Foreign Policy and Progressive Presidents

Wilson – “Moral Diplomacy”- US policy would be based on principles not on the selfish materialism of his predecessors.

Pancho Villa on border with US Marines in Nicaragua and Haiti Unrestricted submarine warfare by German

navy Zimmerman Telegram Mexico