186

Click here to load reader

proficiency Masterclass Student 39 s Book

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

proficiency Masterclass student book

Citation preview

  • AcknowledgementsReproduced b. pcrmnsion of Tides NewspapeNp24 2s A nNtft ol th univere'by lrianAppleyard @ Times N$spapes lrd 19 June 1991.p30 The theory of inequaliv bl' Brian Appleydd@ IjmcsNeHsprpe6lrd7De.enrbcr I99Lpl39 Man whoshotsortldleris.leared'ana'Croi{d cheeis deared fathcr or way to resdd bislifc by tuchard Dn.e 6TiDesNcwspapcs Ltd,

    Fl6T Conputcr sa.k ndremployee overquiztailuE'by Sinon de Brucller 6 TinresNewsprpeb ltd 20 Alril 2001

    Reprodu..d by!drm jssio. of Tnc Uustratcd

    p106 Goingdeep iDto thcAr.rzonlCNEIi t drteO.tobctNoncmb.r 200Lpl34 Thecaviirwc c{n dl affoirtlGNf R L,ecrt O.tobctNovember 2001.F I 62 Thc l-ord of the Rinsr' bf York Membcryc'N!,R tty.vn" o.tobctNo*lrbq 200 t,pl53'Sonrclikc it hoabyPdrchat'nan,G,vrI air.wi'!l)cccnrtctlanuft y 2001.Reptudurcd b/pcflnission ol TheNrdtiolal

    p22 Th\ycar I f roh isc to . . 'b ICd(nwr ighr ,cd,mrtolridl JiDUmy2000 c N{rn)ndl Mdgarnlc

    pll Dis.ovdrthchcrlirgfowcr of positivcthnrhng by A.n tloDtdglc, Ooollld,nkda?nr8Novcnrbcr 2000 o N.rnnul Mlgazirc Codrpany,p.l.l r'lo$ to stiy.oolcvcn when youlequ.kirlg'by Ai nc woodhD, 60,/ Itdrrk rttn,{N)vcDb* 2000 t) NnL onl Magaznr0 CoD$nypl I i\ newpcrrou,lbmk. royour vitrmin pillJliom Rcvcalcd -1hcSc.rc$ of ShFrgYdDglSrpco {dvertiscN.rt Rcprodu.cd by pe nissnnl

    f22 Foolbdll'o Encyclopaedja n*.brici lic1981. Rctroduccd brpermi$nnr olChildrcns

    p2l Yoga o dncy.loticdid Bliunnica Inc 1931.Repr)duced by f cnlission of Children's

    p37 The difGrrnce cnginc fron lhc chrnesRabbrgc Insiturewebsne Rcproduccd bypernision of tlc cbdl.s Brbbrse Inrtllule.p39 lxkacl lionr "liansligurcd NiSLf br $rillianrBoyd o l99s william Boyd. Rcpronlccd bypermission of TheAseruy (london) Ltd.Iirsttublishcd in Tr. Dsti,r ./ Natlali. x bySnrchn-sben$r, London.Illiiglft rcservedmd enqui.ies 10 The lgctrcy Ltd. London Wl l4LZ.

    par 'The tsridge bl Pctcr Mi.hdh.F o l?s,rrr!D,tdAr+u$2000, Reproduccd L)]' pdnission di

    p50 lrtracr tron l?elrroro, bI Pat Btker(Viking, 1992) o l992latBarkcrRcproducedbypern"sn,n of The Pen8unr Croup (UK).p52 Exr.a.t lio.r Norerlio, d SrdrlJlr,rbyBiI Bryson o Bill Bryson. Publishcd btliansworld Publiskrs, a division of thc Rardon

    Housc Groll! Ld. Reprodu.ed by !.nnission oaTransw.nd PnblGhers.,\ll ri8hh reserved.p55 Aususit wnrid on the ice rap by SimonConrtauld, Trd S!..r,rdr 4 Mar 199r,Reprodu.ed try pcrmnsion oiThe Spe.tato.p53 lcotavel Certcr Colden Rules aron]w.ccolonroie. Rep.odu.ed br pcnnision ofConserqtion lrtcrmrional lolndation.p30 Ertra( hom fln.r&*./! Cxiaek rtP Caldnby DouslasAdams. Rcprcdu.ed bypernrissionofMacnilldnPubhh Ltd.p3l Ficn.h liierature OAritanni.d.cdmln..Rcproduced bt perinissioD of rNy.lopaedia

    p3l aDd f 92 B.gonizing'andL\nal),zirgbdn{lwritnrs'byi)avid crysd rtun c,zrridgsEh.fdot.din ol t ktslnh Ldhgudg.(199s).Reproduced hy pemrission of C{nbridg

    p84 Di*ens ind His PL[lic liob HanrpstcadThatrc progrinrme reptuduad by pmnission

    plr6 Ertacr from Rcrdingin d ni* lansuisc bCdrohrecldphan fronr Sn ics in LingMse1is\ing 4, fh. D.vlo[,lErt ol ]Ltl S: A St1,l), ajrhe Elf*l af ilo.kirot ntt ah Redai,qari trlhbid, (1996). Re odu(d by|)cmkion of Cdnbiidge Unircsiq' ltc$,t94 whatcvqhippsned !) Bdbyl)o.?'lxrrrdediln ad articlcbyPtrLri.k Bbgdn 6rsl fublishcdinfh.htaNp dctl Mdlaziit s O.ll'i.t 1991.Rcpnn[Lcedbypenissioroll ependsnL

    p9T Wisr:dhrh the Ronrdntdovnfiu nrsF{dolA l ( i l i i ' byCdbr i r lM i l ld ,? r f l j i t ra !2 llcbrudry200l, RepR u.cd bypciinissbn oi

    Fl00'vntu!l ()mmuniticsr F{radisc oroririSc? by Lce K)n1ito lroD \lw.!cd,ie,Rcprodo.cd by peinrissn)n of Lcc KoDilo,pl0T Ncwl)cnpcctikso!TheWest'lion1wwq,pbs.ory, R{rodnccd by psmissnnr of

    pl03 t09!L $eend of lhcirlctlclLlNancyGiLbs Gdnr Tn,.30 Scptcmbcr 1991s l99lTine hc. ReFrinled byfcnnissio! ofTinrelnc.pl1l r{ historyofchildlood'o Rds Coward, ?JrdGrdnlt,20 Fehruary Le99 R.lrd,luce.l hypcrnrissionof Rdr Cowrd,p l20 Extra.t hoDr 11. rrtl ?r,l Vs, Do by Brirrlvlas.^ @ B'ian M.steB. PublisbedbrlirNwodd PnblisheF, i diyisio. ol the RandonrItousc Gr.!p Lt.l, Reprldu.cdbl'perhissn'n ofTranswond Publishers. All riSlh ft$rved.pl22 Bl,)wins bnbblcs nay drn4e your wealthExta.rcd liom an arridc by Dalid Bowen fislprblishcdin the I det.ddni dr srn/q,29Dcccmbcr I991. nepr..lu.ed bI pcnnission oflndependent Ncwspdped (UK) I-td.p I 25 Extra.t from rjL$d.l,,1srrdr.e bI AIa!GurganusO 1990 Allan Gurganus. ReFrodu.edby !emrnsion of lrlernrtional Cr.tiyc

    pl36 Informrtion dbout Amrestj' lrtcnation,loAmnestyI cnational Publicarions, l [anonStreer, I.ondon WCIX oDl www,amnesty.org.

    'fhc authob md publisher wolld likc to tnanL$en h.riliesforthcnhelpindsupport,

    'flrc.uthosdhdpublnheraE gratcfL totho$wiro hdc givcn permission to rc!rcdnce lhefotlowirgdtr.cts an{ladaFtatiotrs of .ofyrighL

    Rep rodu.cd by pern iss ion o f Cu.rdidn

    pl0 MusclebndibyDi.a LaVadciao ?1. orr.rff I3 O.tober 1991,plr'Musn and nrlsclc'bI RL6sell Thonrasro TlcGlnrdiar30April 1991.p16 Adoltorwritetb'Dr lohn Colhco Trr Orr./fsl6 Janliry2001.pr6 lher.indl in uihtMnhclloxtono iI. O!dr.lk,2l Novshhei 2000,p23 BakfootDoctoiby SLephen R!$cll,Th. Ohstrt Magtzntc t5 Oclober 2t)00.Rcpbdlccd byleimisstun dl Bdrerbot Docton

    p52 Mjndlc$ ii CMr'byhck Sh{n1ashro flr,Gkrl;d! 12 Octobcr 1990,t)66 nrrdes ji dingcr'by Riihdrd Ncwtolo 17r .O l r t r ,3 l rnu{ ry 1991.p67'Lct tlt& bc drrknesl by hDc| uiirdifl ii'dOrrd/var2l ltre l99lp67 lhc8r4iresr Lhrerr in d{world'by limItrdford (0 T/r, anfflil,6 Novcnbcr 1990.f6t CM theuorld kccp up withhuurdnconnhtrioD? q CraigSnnmons, ?1! Ckdn,r

    p72 The coDfo(of thccdgc' by MichiclAobiN)n o Trrr C,ardrir,3 Mdy 1991.p36 Fd.trnd leadingliction byMi.hael M,rlandO ?7r. G&eridn l3Novenrbcr 1990.p]14 Aii.ndin need'o Salba SilDin,Trd Grdrir, I I April200l.p l l4 Forn ing$ l id re la t ionsh ips$ . dbeapriority' ra Bdb ljolnran, T/lP Clardn 12luly2001.pl2s 2ls.enturycaslloMdrrcen Rie,?-laOb$rv.rMrSdzi s l5 Ocrobo2000.pl23 llt tre.M.neywonlch.ngcutLyBenSummcrsLili ro Tl. obi,r,.f I9 Novdrb.r 2000,p134 Molile srles !iar, d ven bl' tccmge narkefbyStn{Millar o Tl.6!a/diar23Mdy200t,p13s Reldl Lherapy nakes yon fccl depre$ed'byBcn Sunne*killo ftr Otrs/y./ 6 May 200r.tl42 RulinSf.rarp.isonsio rcld policy on jailbabid by Clarc Dyer o fl. c&rla, 2l luly

    p142 little prisoncrj O Diue TdyldiThe G4dian 25lrlf 2aat.pI68 The trnth rvil oul o Adria.Iumhan andAnita CbaudLuri, Tre Grdrlln April 2,1 200L!I70 The subrrsiyc shrnlk o Ni.ci cenard,Tfr t Oberycr3l Octobcr 1999.

    f

    ta2

  • t8r

    '(e\$d )Iro / n{{ ooauasla9d N.d.rrd r.J Punjrsul Jq,L:lPrNu

    rtBrq trr}pu! DnrJqdott!'))ttd l00z uoPtroI'.r{..,t i(rsrElnor / u:'trrDl sruuJd) lgrd

    1(pool trErPll / rJs_qq\\ lnta ) 3l I,r 11sillss /F!$raH t.P'|,r\) rtlJ r()poF !o lPru /Rrl'.rul

    rsil / uo]LuoqJ )rrrd:(r:qpu' suqroa / sJr,iv'nrs)lIld iFirs'urr / letrruror^I rnDnr'])

    90 rd r(,htnr / nuso ,rpotJI{) 0o Id 1(q?n\urta/ triJnbrr\ q,J,,ll) 06d r('luLxio{tiIV:PDsrt\

    .o1) ,rd 1(ttrrrurPiutequooi qr k,Ndqt'rldl f rd :(ru0t oJPra/rrzuijr.N PtErr)l) atdarors:(uosrd uJdo / turutr.l it)zrrd:(ILtruq

    orr!rI^I / o$'t / ^.{rtrHl t0l d pl'lstrrnrrldir(oods ju,,l 1(trptLra trtr^f rJJIJosuol{ lur,l)ar rd s:rnrr,d rDrJll.\r qros :(un} urr!AIl'r)

    nrt:N) e!l'J r(Nrlmrs vNd/l)rGN r.r.d)Ird :(uonelntroLrvrJs,{ no{,I\_) 6ld :(do'lsqriq/.IPp]s Fd) d l(JI.$xdftrf/,{olt.r\

    NIrPror) rJrd :(rnrnLndnr!/srroqrIrf{) 3rd :{,(dDr rdkllq/rrl | 'rttrtrotrdFr)3rd (rD!rd a sroFop^rtrro'U

    \rN ) e rd,{Mqll orolld JtruiFs rl rlFral ':PY)0,ri $tr(l JtNarrlt/rotuot lun:!.t\ ruJrs

    :{rrslLtrIaolotrr)Irrd:1Hion,{rrrrtrJsI rJ0p'tr-)prurFrxl grrd:(uo !r IqN! N rJLFou')

    a4l i(rlo tr'lr\ /otDdrs ltrql.) /9J llPoou/ otru|(n,(,{uo L l e,,l :(.trL.o / u0Jarl(tt)erd l(ilutlArrt I r{.lirSl ,,a,/ t uotr!'rxu

    / sdpntronl6ld trt $ruurr xtn:1o'r$rlffrd 'rrizlt)os.FAo(r 1(r$roi !F| / vdil)

    a0r, !r.qa vrtr(rstiqift's /u'ahiN tr)t\))al, 1(noqu'r. / uos rtol ^rLtLr 01)arrl 1(|trtr]d/

    r.) I titrtr\r) zd :(? irrLtdr)l{ I nu(r t)tmolrl6111(trtr d Pc'oitrfl)'h / si^r(] fnr)l)t)eq,

    l{outrtr I u.rnulLr N qo!l9e'r {rlLJ )Lrrrtrrltrst!)rxOr(rq / rLrfrl lirll)rfl);1,/ r(ll'lPtruL

    / I qprq\\ p'^':{l)e9d,1truriv rLqdu'l.rnLil ors'tl tunnN1($LJP(t),!, trrltrD

    rruxroJ lf roneN r(stu-3oP) ttd utsr!{rmvI[r.rrfN tol)rrlc JLtrlo $ruro:) r(!uPrr

    iunrs /.DIN u'rrt{) lr,lsrldi'io}trt.tIrotr\tiN r{uorsr! Jel!) ard vsvN r{rPrE,irirlq

    rrSur)j!ia I r'i) IIIdI(sldu )prt1l)rd) /4dlrDr.tq $ttrLd {,c^larDN r(tosu. uPr.(r)LA/

    $rrIrJJ.t:its')) e']d :luorrtrloNi r.:^li^ /1.urgn|IllrJdr(.:ulltruE / 'Pl'nil D"nrs)lr r,

    1{aT.d.{uu / N.l'rt^i rJt:dl 0ril :(r L:'Ptos rtru'rl/ sqJsrtrtli !Fns)!,{isorotLd trnuitrl^l r()l).lu uru / u)Ds qrotrfl /s]ld lulrl / (]AlA/

    f [rF,u iprp']rurlrJ) 6rrd Pq.] i1 Jnrnr rmuD)1rsr/ :(rtiun(/ sDurrl F!ox)qEd,{trqq

    uosqrrnH {rue d nJrlor.L rqBx,r) r ed s^rqrivlortnH {ru:rs :8rlF/ngtoo \urPv)rrrd

    i(srqtraltii / ll)nirj{ nDUfd) ssd i(Drur uYI r.!!rtlxo,o) 9sd:{Pds qlNiq /'J,{]\r

    :rr.I,Ild /rllJ.rl. f tl!l)6rd,inqr'l Jnr]d9u,FcH lJ'tol iFTrul:uol) !lld :{DIIJr,uo!

    /IllrtlFr1 ^ rs) zlrd r(uorursuoul3P/ lL,qusro Piuprn) qrrl r(suLrrQ $r'u.tl/

    It'!uD'5 Pr[Pld] 00id riEr!f l oroqd IIIqurrI5tt slrltrsiu rPo suqurF^rs / xo.l

    ,(Nu:a) 'tioz)d9d 1(sJIg-x /xor {rnru,o q}02)ard:{Pt,rrs/sJI.rrrdrunoluErEdl.ad trl)rv

    rue,c ptetror.qf :(:ttuq !oElrn]o, ItdE(rDIoJ rD!5 :(r:urrNl trtrqou') afd losIUE

    t{l rrsetoqanTuqrt,l l(,uortrul / uPuJloHp,,\.1) 9ld r0J)rs P3sr!Pul_JP:d / puo{ urrl)sldl(8u,ctrLrpuod/ suf s urqdS) 9ldsJtful

    prurmror q :(lrrNrrd5oq ltrgrool / [rlFrlJ r,atrrs ) lr rd rrdua :(urQl,qrloorpt rl Id

    1(plfoli,{rtd u sldnd / hFUIIP \nqol) tlr.l{tuh$.rud) rrd 1(luddoqr nrttrr)t) 0,rd

    l0GPnrsr rJrPf Jr) sJr rdd )in1)r\oroqd(ooFnt, tu$1

    soro\ld uofPrnPa:{ooLsop / PooaIH utl) 9l/:(BtrDrrtda.! / uordmH ttJirr) srd.u,r.or3

    {ru':ru' srrrrtlo}rop / r3uarl:) t\$nDrrl)lelJ :{ropocrolrrDrr,ruorr,rJs /)ttrf l

    r,!qo{)l9rd r(At n: iuurrli /rlod ilxFri{)6Srdr(J$roFr u:do sL,Pd / !o!.^r.ijntrBr'\ )

    l9rdl(r'o! qINtdrrJIhrD / zrIAou'qql llrN)99rd1(!' r uP:$oru/Jr{triYU.uu,u)o9ldr{.rnl rrn frq'tq / suioN x u'^rx)Herd

    i(uonrN icatnr Frrs ldrdr) qfnormbql .&rifuLL:nqt pr^Ddl6 sard:(trurs uJu6sruls.q

    / ooLlt o^o{)6 f,ar., tsJrJINDl.r/$uuj I\ x)9ard itrnausrp / rNrl:.rv u'xnnrs)

    !ard :(ln1]u:r rlllt u' Ptrrlolt /s:30r1s,),r\uLJ)aald r(xnnr rnt,{.p / JJtrrrNrr{

    lltrM )l / / it ltrroslrlrr9 Ptru .rllrour$Mt/qrNti.L!)r/r!r(sP(Ji'r| :rttLopr/trlnoqiY

    (lt)!1r /d r(ijlr pt,, r' iod iqNs / i^lqlrvtrNrrr lt6'i ilroc ^(lr[ /t^trFrV arrni0)

    jn-16d I roq{.ittaft /J^rrl!v u'rull13),76d llrrr" I or rlrt il)rrli /srlqqoxlif{n'!_p,^\l)re'i1(siL)i)qlo Nor / 'ffl [trN)/q/

    :ltrtf trxt pbr lu) /od tr!iltrdrf ) 9r,,/ r(it'r!'1rrflDLLnq I sotrr'(\l ort.hsl9d 101.'o'1 J(r!/ :t s,rlmfl uorior,\) /,,d 1(s$rLr,{1111 !rilf lol

    /rrntr d,1]LlrtlL \.t.lflrllsliv trl(l(\l)ttd fn)n rntro:) r(Li$rrlirrlliPq / o)itrr!t Iqrt) lSrll)In:N Irrsslq.o:) l '\l,1Pr\ t.!trc) /DtFs)a5l,/ $!,rDrtL,,l 1(oosil'uolltiu'rL1)talJ rln

    li,tnurj lldrLdr / uofuol (|I)t ],()!qr|,lrlf uir)azldll

    .LrIDV!.tLJiPtltr(rirroJIr.LxH/ )1.r1u.r$[rlt\ o !] rLdfdolortJ)0q.1itrltaox

    )1 / ru LqrLt.Lod ,1nq{Ioot{ 1(sLt u'trrclhl6rdInnJtFspil,ltrLlornd\ r(sr!unt'r) / rJrrtrDrlll.tIt!) dqr irtrLtrA/ lrv III loiol L'a!,!DtrrJruT

    Irs:uruV) 9ard lDUoIIxualul nr!JU(Vl{rtrroll nnDuu / tra$] rl]Dll ld,/ l(rLsso0

    rrxrox) 0e,l 1(sPtrtrrrld) ded uoPutl 5)vsqd.'5otoqd rtrntordr.i !o $rurid

    roJ iur$.I.J Jrll tusLtr or .III Plnoa :,\\

    ?ll 69I S9Iizgl it ilal,tzI il]II i96i()uurl u' uftrrltl

    '39'tS'6n'fi Z! 9? EI ZI'olddiutrtr'r^,tl}llZgiqld (rLl$N

    asdqrrus tlIrr 0rl r rlldd lr.lPls aJPUV

    l]IdnPrsrtdrDrLd tnu(srrodslJIIF{rt

    snuunxnt) rrr ir0rdduY jnqJd/struol !PrsqrdlPloH !!.1

    6aLd utrqFH qou([oou'r] lald$tfJuIrlJ

    9B 1$durir!ur)0S tZ trdd uqlnd)ir.t\lt6 lr+! l:qrq)l]s i6S Sidds4EDosvtngr4id

    (sltune ruoFrllrdl tld r)jDs nurnl:i.l$oqPI\nlU

    'lrrun1roddorslrltr Jqr n:suo$sluon,rom^ur

    4'ra or prs.rtn rqtfarrr]r|'lnd trq|prgIrotrrL pu! rLltrldotr lo ru:rur8uuru' rurrtdd.,(trt roJiaBotodp:r\ srser:uosu' Jtqrsod uaaq pu sPqnqr'uolrFl qnd lolrqeaPloq r!?u,{dorrrfruotrpup Drr orJpr0 mJq n:q lo.lrr i 6^r lBnoqlN

    'Purttr!stooLPs drunuuoJ utirJtrr\!o (o6sIut.oiq pJtrf poxlar Int)rputLBuJ strf,M{ urol

    rJ0p[rr pr oH iq.s]nDtlllJNr rtdtlnr{, 3.rduorqndlqNur1M

    'uor\ nosunrl!L':rq,11M, trtrt jlutrFrrqnJ Itol,)urf{dJN puNsttrrnoan

    ,1!rt.JI] {'oij,rrt!\_(t )^trIJJV tn'osiis,seldrstrJll$trrn Flrlroro uoFsnnlo ^q

    (9hhl) rlrl(rc lli^{)N,{aqloJlnq PolPt,!irIl-)pilr, 1/o ,(4r'g t)r,ao r/ / tr'orj Prurnix

    'e661 slird rrrt.m^lun prorxo o stuJtrlr ilirltrrn^(1,^.rtrIinLr Nlu.rlr P!,r ro'sl^il abrsr^rLrl

    to df rli u, rtritrr), r0 | | l:c$r rqr0lNtrrtrululls,uirl]1tro

    |i QotJrllrin Iq tii:n|nftn 1!I !1ru'1r{lI'ltr doP{rtr!t |t6l fJ, ut I xlsnN,?9td 'iirIdurqJou.rssi(rrd,1.lPJliPo

    rtliJ luu'!(li) rk)tr \hiL^i$uuul a'o,rrors

    s.dr/d0Jo,rrl ry l,r,r,r0d d.,'rH n,arl^{r 0qld1'o IdrqlJ0 uorsstru.Fdi! ltrPorbll I66l.n l 6-31r/,r]l"r1 n!/r,,,,,,rrj rru u[o'rrh pur tlsqN tro,10rlllr$ )iuf rit,99rd 'ss:rd

    rrrv-^lt'n Pr.Jro.r" uo'\!'rnd,{q (q66r) rtitrus- l.MoN lt'roJa

    ^tprtt?r tuDr1l tto^l10 t!\trH Plrtla tlLu,t ptrr"d{'966I $triJ l)L!:^,un P,or*O

    o ,GtrLoD $Ilfoo Iq ,urar\is p.orlltL.HrF ro uorrruoj{nr{, uorr De4rt 0Eto

    uoLsstrurJ! ^q PFtrPord:x Dx,i,N dr 9ri6 rt/llo r.qnD !_'aJt U M 0 qol o ill^? io u:lq.rd

    :'I Pur !JL'ole r llril.djuorlr)sqia6rtd'Prl $!udr.Nr uq!rPusiur) lolL{Jq

    tro dolord t !spr{$rrdro uo6snrjrdl.LP))npd { J,,",s ,.'ts lJ2{2li'D ru. 9 Ll.Pn,u

    lrnt t! ,s,trl !rr^\ PIo, uro{ rtrPnr { $ r d'PiDoll {'orrrlq'rd tu.qeN P:rrn

    3qrjl, uoL$trurJd,iq PrrQor&n nrpu !D ,Hl; ,d!,!,lrtt Pnturrn alr uo4 rrDrxl te l.l

    r$d :n9P d rLt t.to trossntrIrd,{q p.rrpo!:! rJdd ,nt,4 ,4I tr'o4 u3qtv!4opura5 ,{q ,uo,rnloM)i rJ^tJ Jrtt ItId .uDrc

    r3!qvlo uonsntrrd iq FtrnP.rden 136l rJtrIDr'

    r,3o! p r'Pl't !!.ur_rMl tLr{Puts o IoiN.S gdtH,iq rt,2,r t,,r/,) r/l uo4lrtrtxn 9eId

    su.'t,iqqq FuorlPtrrJnrl,ir:uuylo uorsnnrd Iq p.rntordi!

    ,-

  • OX-FORDCtat ClareDdor Stret, Odord ox2 6D?Oxfold UnirerIjty Pre$ is a dcpa.tnert oftne Udve$iry ofoxford.Itturures the Uniresiq? s objdive ofqcelence jn nsem\ scholarhjp,and etucatior by publislring woddwide in

    Anckland CapeToM Ddcs saLam HongKong (ua.niKnahlnmpnr Madrid Mlboume Mcxi@Oty NnirobiNewDclhi sharyhai T.ipei Tommo

    Argenhna Austrin Brazil Clrile Czech Rap6iic Fnnc OeceCuatenala Hlngary Italy liD.n Potald Potugal sing:poreSouthKorca switzerland Tnail.nd ftr'lGy Uldaine vieham

    r rc3n.ered bdJe mal! o'Orford Uriwrriv Pls jr the U( nd in deniin odrer counures@ Ot'ordU versity Pre$ zoo,Ane moral nghll oftho author h.ee beetr:sertedDatabasc right Orford U veairy PlE$ (naker)

    No uauthodzcd Photo.opylrgAll ishs rescftd. No pafl oftlis prblication nay bc rprcd{.ed,stoled in a etrieval syslam, or ftn$lfted, in any aon or by 4y Denns,vitlro the prior pcmission in Mithg of oxfold University Pres,o! .s expF$ly pemi(ted by law' or under rern$ agrecd wirh thc +prcpriiteIeprcgrap cs dghtr orya.ization. Enqujries concehjng reproducnonouhide ihe sope of the {bove should lF sent to tle ECt Rights Dcpa*mcnt,Oxford Unive$ity PF$, at dre addles abovcYou mu* not ctuulire rhtu book lA.ny orher binding or cove!ind yor h{s imposc this samc codnioo otr ary mquiE!AIy webliies letErcd to h d$ psblicatior arc iI tbc public doniin iMthei! addlc$es sE prcvided by oxfold Unlve$ity Pres for infonation o y.Oxfod Uolve$iry Prcs dirliiD! .Dy rlsponslbility for the contenrhBN!3 :973 o1943r91rS