Catcholaminnes hormone

 Produced from adrenal glnad content:

Epinephrine (adrenaline)Nor epinephrine(nor adrenaline)Dopamine

Biosynthesis of Catecholamines

Inactivation of Norepinephrine

Function of hormone

Catcholamines : help the body respond to stress or fright and fight-or-fight ,increase heart rate, blood pressure breathing muscle strength 

:Adrenaline and noradrenalin: secretion when stress, emotion pain fight-fight Dopamine : affect of feeling and behaviors

Metabolism of dopamine

Major acidic metabolites:

.A3,4-dihydroxy phenylacetic acid

(DOPAC)

.BHomovallic acid (HVA)

Localization of catecholamine neurons

Immunocytochemistry (ICH): antibody against synthesis enzyme, uptake transporter and receptor

In situ hybridization (ISH): cDNA or cRNA probe synthesis enzyme, transporter and receptor

Receptor autoradiography: radiolabelled ligand ([3H] or [125I]) against receptor

Inactivation of Norepinephrine

Autoreceptor: inhibit transmitter release

:Target tissue The target tissue is brain

:Disease  Parkinson disease:

Deficiency f dopamine Schizopheremia:Increase of dopamine Mental depression:

Deficiency of norepinephrine

Parkinson’s Symptoms

Metabolic causes: -Hypothyroidism

-Hypoparathyroidism-Alcohol withdrawl (pseudoparkinsonism)

-Chronic liver failure-Wilson’s disease

Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Profound disruption in cognition and emotion, affecting the most fundamental

human attributes :-Language

-Thought-Perception

-Affect-Sense of self

Physical depression symptoms which you may suffer from :include

-Over-eating -Over-drinking

-Lack of interest in sex -Poor concentration

-Violent or aggressive behavior in men -Not interested in your appearance or

hygiene -Mood swings

-Anger

serotonin

serotonin hormone

gland: produced from pineal gland

Hormone: serotonin

N

C

N

C NH2

COOH COOH

NH2

OH

N

C NH2

OH H

Tryptophan 5-Hydroxytryptophan

5-Hydroxytryptamine

N

C COOH

5-OH Indole Acetaldehyde

5-Hydroxy Indole Acetic Acid

Tryptophan hydroxylase

5-OH Tryptophan decarboxylase

MAO

Aldehyde

dehydrogenase

(Rate limiting)

In diet. ActiveCNS transport

serotonin

function of hormone:

neurotransmitter in:

modulation of anger , aggression , bodytemperature, sleep human sexualitystimulating vomiting

target tissue:

CNS (central nervous system)

disease:

a-mental depression: deficieny of serotonin

b-malignant carcinoid: increase of serotonin

malignant carcinoid symptoms include the following

1-Myopathy2-Arthritis

3-Arthralgias4-Irritability, aggression, and lack of impulse

control; these have been linked with low levels of plasma tryptophan and presumably with low brain serotonin.15