Process Safety Management U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration OSHA 3132 2000 (Reprinted) This informational booklet is intended to provide a generic,

7/31/2019 Process Safety Management U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration OSHA 3132…

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ProcessSafetyManagementU.S.DepartmentofLaborOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministrationOSHA31322000(Reprinted)Thisinformationalbookletisintendedtoprovideageneric,non-exhaustiveoverviewofaparticularstandards-relatedtopic.Thispublicationdoesnotitselfalterordeterminecomplianceresponsibilities,whicharesetforthinOSHAstandardsthemselvesandtheOccupationalSafetyandHealthAct.Moreover,becauseinterpretationsandenforcementpolicymaychangeovertime,foradditionalguidanceonOSHAcompliancerequirements,thereadershouldconsultcurrentandadministrativeinterpretationsanddecisionsbytheOccupationalSafetyand

HealthReviewCommissionandtheCourts.Materialcontainedinthispublicationisinthepublicdomainandmaybereproduced,fullyorpartially,withoutpermissionoftheFederalGovernment.Sourcecreditisrequestedbutnotrequired.Thisinformationwillbemadeavailabletosensoryimpairedindividualsuponrequest.Voicephone:(202)693-1999

ProcessSafetyManagementU.S.DepartmentofLaborAlexisM.Herman,SecretaryOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministrationCharlesN.Jeffress,AssistantSecretaryOSHA31322000(Reprinted)ContentsContentsiiiTheProblem..........................................................................1HowtheStandardWorks.......................................................5

ProcessSafetyInformation...................................................7ProcessHazardAnalysis.......................................................9OperatingProcedures..........................................................12EmployeeParticipation.......................................................14Training................................................................................15InitialTraining............................................................15



RefresherTraining......................................................15TrainingDocumentation.............................................15Contractors..........................................................................16Application.................................................................16EmployerResponsibilities..........................................16ContractEmployerResponsibilities...........................16Pre-StartupSafetyReview..................................................18MechanicalIntegrity............................................................19HotWorkPermit..................................................................21ManagementofChange......................................................22IncidentInvestigation..........................................................23EmergencyPlanningandResponse....................................24ComplianceAudits...............................................................25TradeSecrets.......................................................................26Part1910-OccupationalSafetyandHealthStandards........27§1910.109ExplosivesandBlastingAgents.......................27§1910.119ProcessSafetyManagementofHighlyHazardousChemicals...........................................28

AppendixA-ListofHighlyHazardousChemicals,ToxicsandReactives(Mandatory)..................................42AppendixB-BlockFlowDiagramandSimplifiedProcessFlowDiagram(Nonmandatory).......................................46OSHAConsultationDirectory..............................................48StatesWithApprovedPlans................................................50RelatedPublications...........................................................54TheProblemTheProblem1Unexpectedreleasesoftoxic,reactive,orflammableliquidsandgasesinprocessesinvolvinghighlyhazardouschemicalshavebeenreportedformanyyears.Incidentscontinuetooccurinvarious

industriesthatusehighlyhazardouschemicalswhichmaybetoxic,reactive,flammable,orexplosive,ormayexhibitacombinationoftheseproperties.Regardlessoftheindustrythatusesthesehighlyhazardouschemicals,thereisapotentialforanaccidentalreleaseanytimetheyarenotproperlycontrolled.This,inturn,createsthepossibilityofdisaster.Recentmajordisastersincludethe1984Bhopal,India,incidentresultinginmorethan2,000deaths;theOctober1989PhillipsPetroleumCompany,Pasadena,TX,incidentresultingin23deathsand132injuries;theJuly1990BASF,Cincinnati,OH,incidentresultingin2deaths,andtheMay1991IMC,Sterlington,LA,incidentresultingin8deathsand128injuries.Althoughthesemajordisastersinvolvinghighlyhazardous

chemicalsdrewnationalattentiontothepotentialformajorcatastrophes,thepublicrecordisrepletewithinformationconcerningmanyotherlessnotablereleasesofhighlyhazardouschemicals.Hazardouschemicalreleasescontinuetoposeasignificantthreattoemployeesandprovideimpetus,internationallyandnationally,forauthoritiestodeveloporconsiderdevelopinglegislationandregulationstoeliminateorminimizethepotentialforsuchevents.OnJuly17,1990,OSHApublishedintheFederalRegister(55FR29150)aproposedstandard,—”ProcessSafetyManagementofHighlyHazardousChemicals”—containingrequirementsforthe



managementofhazardsassociatedwithprocessesusinghighlyhazardouschemicalstohelpassuresafeandhealthfulworkplaces.OSHA’sproposedstandardemphasizedthemanagementofhazardsassociatedwithhighlyhazardouschemicalsandestablishedacomprehensivemanagementprogramthatintegratedtechnologies,procedures,andmanagementpractices.ThenoticeofproposedrulemakinginvitedcommentsonanyaspectoftheproposedstandardforprocesssafetymanagementofhighlyhazardouschemicalsandannouncedtheschedulingofahearingtobeginonNovember27,1990,inWashington,DC.OnNovember1,1990,OSHApublishedaFederalRegisternotice(55FR46074)schedulingasecondhearingtobeginonFebruary26,ProcessSafetyManagement21991,inHouston,TX,enumeratingadditionalissues,andextendingthewrittencommentperioduntilJanuary22,1991.ThehearingsontheproposedstandardwereheldinWashington,DC,fromNovember27,1990,throughDecember4,1990,andinHouston,TX,fromFebruary26,1991,throughMarch7,1991.TheAdministrativeLawJudgepresidingatthehearingsallowedparticipantstosubmitpost-hearingcommentsuntilMay6,1991,andfilepost-hearingbriefsuntilJune5,1991.OSHAreceivedmorethan175commentsinresponsetothenoticeofproposedrulemaking.Inadditiontothesecomments,thehearingsresultedinalmost4,000

pagesoftestimonyandalmost60post-hearingcommentsandbriefs.Forreaders’convenience,thispublicationincludes,asanappendix,thefulltextofthefinalOSHAstandardissuedintheFederalRegisteronFebruary24,1992,includingthelistofcoveredchemicalsandthresholdamounts.StateplanStates,approvedundersection18(b)oftheOccupationalSafetyandHealthActof1970(seelistonpage36)mustadoptstandardsandenforcerequirementswhichareatleastaseffectiveasFederalrequirements.Therearecurrently25StateplanStates;23coveringprivateandpublic(Stateandlocalgovernment)sectorsandtwocoveringpublicsectoronly.PlanStatesmustadoptcomparablestandardstotheFederalwithinsixmonthsofaFederalstandard’spromulgation.

ApproximatelyfourmonthsafterthepublicationofOSHA’sproposedstandardforprocesssafetymanagementofhighlyhazardouschemicals,theCleanAirActAmendments(CAAA)wereenactedintolaw(November15,1990).Section304oftheCAAArequiresthattheSecretaryofLabor,incoordinationwiththeAdministratoroftheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA),promulgate,pursuanttotheOccupationalSafetyandHeathActof1970,achemicalprocesssafetystandardtopreventaccidentalreleasesofchemicalsthatcouldposeathreattoemployees.TheCAAArequiresthatthestandardincludealistofhighlyhazardouschemicalswhichincludestoxic,flammable,highlyreactive,andexplosivesubstances.TheCAAAalsospecifiedminimumelementsthattheOSHAstandardmustrequireemployers

todo,asfollows:3TheProblem(1)Developandmaintainwrittensafetyinformationidentifyingworkplacechemicalandprocesshazards,equipmentusedintheprocesses,andtechnologyusedintheprocesses;(2)Performaworkplacehazardassessment,including,asappropriate,identificationofpotentialsourcesofaccidentalreleases,identificationofanypreviousreleasewithinthefacilitythathadapotentialforcatastrophicconsequencesintheworkplace,estimation



ofworkplaceeffectsofarangeofreleases,andestimationofthehealthandsafetyeffectsofsucharangeonemployees;(3)Consultwithemployeesandtheirrepresentativesonthedevelopmentandconductofhazardassessmentsandthedevelopmentofchemicalaccidentpreventionplansandprovideaccesstotheseandotherrecordsrequiredunderthestandard;(4)Establishasystemtorespondtotheworkplacehazardassessmentfindings,whichshalladdressprevention,mitigation,andemergencyresponses;(5)Reviewperiodicallytheworkplacehazardassessmentandresponsesystem;(6)Developandimplementwrittenoperatingproceduresforthechemicalprocesses,includingproceduresforeachoperatingphase,operatinglimitations,andsafetyandhealthconsiderations;(7)Providewrittensafetyandoperatinginformationforemployeesandemployeetraininginoperatingprocedures,byemphasizinghazardsandsafepracticesthatmustbedevelopedandmadeavailable;(8)Ensurecontractorsandcontractemployeesareprovidedwithappropriateinformationandtraining;(9)Trainandeducateemployeesandcontractorsinemergencyresponseproceduresinamannerascomprehensiveandeffectiveasthatrequiredbytheregulationpromulgatedpursuanttosection126(d)oftheSuperfundAmendmentsandReauthorizationAct;(10)Establishaqualityassuranceprogramtoensurethatinitial

process-relatedequipment,maintenancematerials,andsparepartsarefabricatedandinstalledconsistentwithdesignspecifications;ProcessSafetyManagement4(11)Establishmaintenancesystemsforcriticalprocess-relatedequipment,includingwrittenprocedures,employeetraining,appropriateinspections,andtestingofsuchequipmenttoensureongoingmechanicalintegrity;(12)Conductpre-startupsafetyreviewsofallnewlyinstalledormodifiedequipment;(13)Establishandimplementwrittenproceduresmanagingchangetoprocesschemicals,technology,equipmentandfacilities;and

(14)Investigateeveryincidentthatresultsinorcouldhaveresultedinamajoraccidentintheworkplace,withanyfindingstobereviewedbyoperatingpersonnelandmodificationsmade,ifappropriate.AlsotheCAAA,identifiesspecificdutiesforEPArelativetothepreventionofaccidentalreleases(seesection301(r)).Generally,EPAmustdevelopalistofchemicalsandaRiskManagementPlan.HowtheStandardWorks5ProcessSafetyInformationThisbookletsummarizestheOSHAfinalprocesssafetymanagement(PSM)standard.Employersandemployeesmayprefertoreadthisbookletandacompaniononeentitled,“ProcessSafetyManagement-GuidelinesforCompliance”(OSHA3133),beforestudyingtheruleitself.

Thestandardmainlyappliestomanufacturingindustries—particularly,thosepertainingtochemicals,transportationequipment,andfabricatedmetalproducts.Otheraffectedsectorsincludenaturalgasliquids;farmproductwarehousing;electric,gas,andsanitaryservices;andwholesaletrade.ItalsoappliestopyrotechnicsandexplosivesmanufacturerscoveredunderotherOSHArulesandhasspecialprovisionsforcontractorsworkingincoveredfacilities.Ineachindustry,PSMappliestothosecompaniesthatdealwithanyofmorethan130specifictoxicandreactivechemicalsinlistedquantities;italsoincludesflammableliquidsandgasesinquantities



of10,000pounds(4,535.9Kg)ormore.SubjecttotherulesandproceduressetforthinOSHA’sHazardCommunicationStandard(29CodeofFederalRegulations(CFR)1910.1200(i)(1)through1910.1200(i)(12)),employeesandtheirdesignatedrepresentativesmustbegivenaccesstotradesecretinformationcontainedwithintheprocesshazardanalysisandotherdocumentsrequiredtobedevelopedbythePSMstandard.ThekeyprovisionofPSMisprocesshazardanalysis(PHA)—acarefulreviewofwhatcouldgowrongandwhatsafeguardsmustbeimplementedtopreventreleasesofhazardouschemicals.Coveredemployersmustidentifythoseprocessesthatposethegreatestrisksandbeginevaluatingthosefirst.PHAsmustbecompletedassoonaspossible.Atleastone-quarteroftheprocessesmustbeevaluatedbyMay26,1994,withanadditional25percentcompletedeachfollowingyearsothatbyMay26,1997,ifnotsooner,employerswillhaveevaluatedallaffectedprocesses.PSMclarifiestheresponsibilitiesofemployersandcontractorsinvolvedinworkthataffectsortakesplacenearcoveredprocessestoensurethatthesafetyofbothplantandcontractoremployeesisconsidered.Thestandardalsomandateswrittenoperatingprocedures;employeetraining;prestartupsafetyreviews;evaluationofmechanicalintegrityofcriticalequipment;andwrittenproceduresformanagingchange.PSMspecifiesapermitsystemforhotwork;investigationofincidentsinvolvingreleasesorProcessSafetyManagement

6nearmissesofcoveredchemicals;emergency,actionplans;complianceauditsatleasteverythreeyears;andtradesecretprotection.TounderstandPSManditsrequirements,employersandemployeesneedtounderstandhowOSHAusestheterm“process”inPSM.Processmeansanyactivityinvolvingahighlyhazardouschemicalincludingusing,storing,manufacturing,handling,ormovingsuchchemicalsatthesite,oranycombinationoftheseactivities.Forpurposesofthisdefinition,anygroupofvesselsthatareinterconnected,andseparatevesselslocatedinawaythatcouldinvolveahighlyhazardouschemicalinapotentialrelease,areconsideredasingleprocess.ProcessSafetyInformation7

ProcessSafetyInformationEmployersmustcompleteacompilationofwrittenprocesssafetyinformationbeforeconductinganyprocesshazardanalysisrequiredbythestandard.Thecompilationofwrittenprocesssafetyinformation,completedunderthesameschedulerequiredforprocesshazardanalyses,willhelptheemployerandtheemployeesinvolvedinoperatingtheprocesstoidentifyandunderstandthehazardsposedbythoseprocessesinvolvinghighlyhazardouschemicals.Processsafetyinformationmustincludeinformationonthehazardsofthehighlyhazardouschemicalsusedorproducedbytheprocess,informationonthetechnologyoftheprocess,andinformationontheequipmentintheprocess.Informationonthehazardsofthehighlyhazardouschemicalsin

theprocessshallconsistofatleastthefollowing:1•Toxicity,•Permissibleexposurelimits,•Physicaldata,•Reactivitydata,•Corrosivitydata,and•Thermalandchemicalstabilitydata,andhazardouseffectsofinadvertentmixingofdifferentmaterials.Informationonthetechnologyoftheprocessmustincludeatleastthefollowing:



•Ablockflowdiagramorsimplifiedprocessflowdiagram,•Processchemistry,•Maximumintendedinventory,•Safeupperandlowerlimitsforsuchitemsastemperatures,pressures,flowsorcompositions,and•Anevaluationoftheconsequencesofdeviations,includingthoseaffectingthesafetyandhealthofemployees.Wheretheoriginaltechnicalinformationnolongerexists,suchinformationmaybedevelopedinconjunctionwiththeprocesshazardanalysisinsufficientdetailtosupporttheanalysis.1Note:MaterialSafetyDataSheets(MSDSs)meetingtherequirementsoftheHazardCommunicationStandard(20CFR1910.1200)maybeusedtocomplywiththisrequirementtotheextenttheycontaintherequiredinformation.ProcessSafetyManagement8Informationontheequipmentintheprocessmustincludethefollowing:•Materialsofconstruction,•Pipingandinstrumentdiagrams(P&IDs),•Electricalclassification,•Reliefsystemdesignanddesignbasis,•Ventilationsystemdesign,•Designcodesandstandardsemployed,•MaterialandenergybalancesforprocessesbuiltafterMay26,

1992,and•Safetysystems(e.g.,interlocks,detection,orsuppressionsystems).Theemployershalldocumentthatequipmentcomplieswithrecognizedandgenerallyacceptedgoodengineeringpractices.Forexistingequipmentdesignedandconstructedinaccordancewithcodes,standards,orpracticesthatarenolongeringeneraluse,theemployershalldetermineanddocumentthattheequipmentisdesigned,maintained,inspected,tested,andoperatedinasafemanner.Thecompilationoftheabovedescribedprocesssafetyinformationprovidesthebasisforidentifyingandunderstandingthehazardsofaprocessandisnecessaryindevelopingtheprocesshazardanalysis

andmaybenecessaryforcomplyingwithotherprovisionsofPSMsuchasmanagementofchangeandincidentinvestigations.9ProcessHazardAnalysisProcessHazardAnalysisTheprocesshazardanalysisisathorough,orderly,systematicapproachforidentifying,evaluating,andcontrollingthehazardsofprocessesinvolvinghighlyhazardouschemicals.Theemployermustperformaninitialprocesshazardanalysis(hazardevaluation)onallprocessescoveredbythisstandard.Theprocesshazardanalysismethodologyselectedmustbeappropriatetothecomplexityoftheprocessandmustidentify,evaluate,andcontrolthehazardsinvolvedintheprocess.

First,employersmustdetermineanddocumentthepriorityorderforconductingprocesshazardanalysesbasedonarationalethatincludessuchconsiderationsastheextentoftheprocesshazards,thenumberofpotentiallyaffectedemployees,theageoftheprocess,andtheoperatinghistoryoftheprocess.Allinitialprocesshazardanalysesshouldbeconductedassoonaspossible,butataminimum,theemployermustcompletenofewerthan25percentbyMay26,1994;50percentbyMay26,1995;75percentbyMay26,1996;andallinitialprocesshazardanalysesbyMay26,1997.Wherethereisonlyoneprocessinaworkplace,theanalysismustbecompletedby



May26,1994.ProcesshazardanalysescompletedafterMay26,1987,thatmeettherequirementsofthePSMstandardareacceptableasinitialprocesshazardanalyses.Allprocesshazardanalysesmustbeupdatedandrevalidated,basedontheircompletiondate,atleasteveryfiveyears.Theemployermustuseoneormoreofthefollowingmethods,asappropriate,todetermineandevaluatethehazardsoftheprocessbeinganalyzed:•What-if,•Checklist,•What-if/checklist,•Hazardandoperabilitystudy(HAZOP),•Failuremodeandeffectsanalysis(FMEA),•Faulttreeanalysis,or•Anappropriateequivalentmethodology.ProcessSafetyManagement10Adiscussionofthesemethodsofanalysisiscontainedinthecompanionpublication,OSHA3133,ProcessSafetyManagement-GuidelinesforCompliance.Whichevermethod(s)areused,theprocesshazardanalysismustaddressthefollowing:•Thehazardsoftheprocess;•Theidentificationofanypreviousincidentthathadapotential

forcatastrophicconsequencesintheworkplace;•Engineeringandadministrativecontrolsapplicabletothehazardsandtheirinterrelationships,suchasappropriateapplicationofdetectionmethodologiestoprovideearlywarningofreleases.Acceptabledetectionmethodsmightincludeprocessmonitoringandcontrolinstrumentationwithalarms,anddetectionhardwaresuchashydrocarbonsensors;•Consequencesoffailureofengineeringandadministrativecontrols;•Facilitysiting;•Humanfactors;and•Aqualitativeevaluationofarangeofthepossiblesafetyandhealtheffectsonemployeesintheworkplaceifthereisafailure

ofcontrols.OSHAbelievesthattheprocesshazardanalysisisbestperformedbyateamwithexpertiseinengineeringandprocessoperations,andthattheteamshouldincludeatleastoneemployeewhohasexperiencewithandknowledgeoftheprocessbeingevaluated.Also,onememberoftheteammustbeknowledgeableinthespecificanalysismethodsbeingused.Theemployermustestablishasystemtoaddresspromptlytheteam’sfindingsandrecommendations;ensurethattherecommendationsareresolvedinatimelymannerandthattheresolutionsaredocumented;documentwhatactionsaretobetaken;developawrittenscheduleofwhentheseactionsaretobecompleted;completeactionsassoonaspossible;andcommunicatetheactionstooperating,

maintenance,andotheremployeeswhoseworkassignmentsareintheprocessandwhomaybeaffectedbytherecommendationsoractions.11ProcessHazardAnalysisAtleasteveryfiveyearsafterthecompletionoftheinitialprocesshazardanalysis,theprocesshazardanalysismustbeupdatedandrevalidatedbyateammeetingthestandard’srequirementstoensurethatthehazardanalysisisconsistentwiththecurrentprocess.EmployersmustkeeponfileandmakeavailabletoOSHA,on



request,processhazardanalysesandupdatesorrevalidationforeachprocesscoveredbyPSM,aswellasthedocumentedresolutionofrecommendations,forthelifeoftheprocess.ProcessSafetyManagement12OperatingProceduresTheemployermustdevelopandimplementwrittenoperatingprocedures,consistentwiththeprocesssafetyinformation,thatprovideclearinstructionsforsafelyconductingactivitiesinvolvedineachcoveredprocess.OSHAbelievesthattasksandproceduresrelatedtothecoveredprocessmustbeappropriate,clear,consistent,andmostimportantly,wellcommunicatedtoemployees.Theproceduresmustaddressatleastthefollowingelements:Stepsforeachoperatingphase:•Initialstartup;•Normaloperations;•Temporaryoperations;•Emergencyshutdown,includingtheconditionsunderwhichemergencyshutdownisrequired,andtheassignmentofshutdownresponsibilitytoqualifiedoperatorstoensurethatemergencyshutdownisexecutedinasafeandtimelymanner;•Emergencyoperations;•Normalshutdown;and•Startupfollowingaturnaround,orafteranemergencyshutdown.Operatinglimits:

•Consequencesofdeviation,and•Stepsrequiredtocorrectoravoiddeviation.Safetyandhealthconsiderations:•Propertiesof,andhazardspresentedby,thechemicalsusedintheprocess;•Precautionsnecessarytopreventexposure,includingengineeringcontrols,administrativecontrols,andpersonalprotectiveequipment;•Controlmeasurestobetakenifphysicalcontactorairborneexposureoccurs;•Qualitycontrolforrawmaterialsandcontrolofhazardouschemicalinventorylevels;and•Anyspecialoruniquehazards.

•Safetysystems(e.g.,interlocks,detectionorsuppressionsystems)andtheirfunctions.13OperatingProceduresToensurethatareadyandup-to-datereferenceisavailable,andtoformafoundationforneededemployeetraining,operatingproceduresmustbereadilyaccessibletoemployeeswhoworkinormaintainaprocess.Theoperatingproceduresmustbereviewedasoftenasnecessarytoensurethattheyreflectcurrentoperatingpractices,includingchangesinprocesschemicals,technology,andequipment,andfacilities.Toguardagainstoutdatedorinaccurateoperatingprocedures,theemployermustcertifyannuallythattheseoperatingproceduresarecurrentandaccurate.

Theemployermustdevelopandimplementsafeworkpracticestoprovideforthecontrolofhazardsduringworkactivitiessuchaslockout/tagout;confinedspaceentry;openingprocessequipmentorpiping;andcontroloverentranceintoafacilitybymaintenance,contractor,laboratory,orothersupportpersonnel.Thesesafeworkpracticesmustapplybothtoemployeesandtocontractoremployees.ProcessSafetyManagement14EmployeeParticipationEmployersmustdevelopawrittenplanofactiontoimplementtheemployeeparticipationrequiredbyPSM.UnderPSM,employers



mustconsultwithemployeesandtheirrepresentativesontheconductanddevelopmentofprocesshazardanalysesandonthedevelopmentoftheotherelementsofprocessmanagement,andtheymustprovidetoemployeesandtheirrepresentativesaccesstoprocesshazardanalysesandtoallotherinformationrequiredtobedevelopedbythestandard.15TrainingTrainingInitialTrainingOSHAbelievesthattheimplementationofaneffectivetrainingprogramisoneofthemostimportantstepsthatanemployercantaketoenhanceemployeesafety.Accordingly,PSMrequiresthateachemployeepresentlyinvolvedinoperatingaprocessoranewlyassignedprocessmustbetrainedinanoverviewoftheprocessandinitsoperatingprocedures.Thetrainingmustincludeemphasisonthespecificsafetyandhealthhazardsoftheprocess,emergencyoperationsincludingshutdown,andothersafeworkpracticesthatapplytotheemployee’sjobtasks.ThoseemployeesalreadyinvolvedinoperatingaprocessonthePSMeffectivedatedonotnecessarilyneedtobegiveninitialtraining.Instead,theemployermaycertifyinwritingthattheemployeeshavetherequiredknowledge,skills,andabilitiestosafelycarryoutthedutiesandresponsibilitiesspecifiedintheoperatingprocedures.

RefresherTrainingRefreshertrainingmustbeprovidedatleasteverythreeyears,ormoreoftenifnecessary,toeachemployeeinvolvedinoperatingaprocesstoensurethattheemployeeunderstandsandadherestothecurrentoperatingproceduresoftheprocess.Theemployer,inconsultationwiththeemployeesinvolvedinoperatingtheprocess,mustdeterminetheappropriatefrequencyofrefreshertraining.TrainingDocumentationTheemployermustdeterminewhethereachemployeeoperatingaprocesshasreceivedandunderstoodthetrainingrequiredbyPSM.Arecordmustbekeptcontainingtheidentityoftheemployee,thedateoftraining,andhowtheemployerverifiedthattheemployeeunderstoodthetraining.

ProcessSafetyManagement16ContractorsApplicationManycategoriesofcontractlabormaybepresentatajobsite;suchworkersmayactuallyoperatethefacilityordoonlyaparticularaspectofajobbecausetheyhavespecializedknowledgeorskill.Othersworkonlyforshortperiodswhenthereisneedforincreasedstaffquickly,suchasinturnaroundoperations.PSMincludesspecialprovisionsforcontractorsandtheiremployeestoemphasizetheimportanceofeveryonetakingcarethattheydonothingtoendangerthoseworkingnearbywhomayworkforanotheremployer.PSM,therefore,appliestocontractorsperformingmaintenanceorrepair,turnaround,majorrenovation,orspecialtyworkonoradjacent

toacoveredprocess.Itdoesnotapply,however,tocontractorsprovidingincidentalservicesthatdonotinfluenceprocesssafety,suchasjanitorial,foodanddrink,laundry,delivery,orothersupplyservices.EmployerResponsibilitiesWhenselectingacontractor,theemployermustobtainandevaluateinformationregardingthecontractemployer’ssafetyperformanceandprograms.Theemployeralsomustinformcontractemployersoftheknownpotentialfire,explosion,ortoxicreleasehazardsrelatedtothecontractor’sworkandtheprocess;explainto



contractemployerstheapplicableprovisionsoftheemergencyactionplan;developandimplementsafeworkpracticestocontrolthepresence,entrance,andexitofcontractemployersandcontractemployeesincoveredprocessareas;evaluateperiodicallytheperformanceofcontractemployersinfulfillingtheirobligations;andmaintainacontractemployeeinjuryandillnesslogrelatedtothecontractor’sworkintheprocessareas.ContractEmployerResponsibilitiesThecontractemployermust:•Ensurethatcontractemployeesaretrainedintheworkpracticesnecessarytoperformtheirjobsafely;17•Ensurethatcontractemployeesareinstructedintheknownpotentialfire,explosion,ortoxicreleasehazardsrelatedtotheirjobandtheprocess,andintheapplicableprovisionsoftheemergencyactionplan;•Documentthateachcontractemployeehasreceivedandunderstoodthetrainingrequiredbythestandardbypreparingarecordthatcontainstheidentityofthecontractemployee,thedateoftraining,andthemeansusedtoverifythattheemployeeunderstoodthetraining;•Ensurethateachcontractemployeefollowsthesafetyrulesofthefacilityincludingtherequiredsafeworkpracticesrequiredintheoperatingproceduressectionofthestandard;and

•Advisetheemployerofanyuniquehazardspresentedbythecontractemployer’swork.TrainingProcessSafetyManagement18Pre-StartupSafetyReviewItisimportantthatasafetyreviewtakesplacebeforeanyhighlyhazardouschemicalisintroducedintoaprocess.PSM,therefore,requirestheemployertoperformapre-startupsafetyreviewfornewfacilitiesandformodifiedfacilitieswhenthemodificationissignificantenoughtorequireachangeintheprocesssafetyinformation.Priortotheintroductionofahighlyhazardouschemicaltoaprocess,thepre-startupsafetyreviewmustconfirmthatthefollowing:

•Constructionandequipmentareinaccordancewithdesignspecifications;•Safety,operating,maintenance,andemergencyproceduresareinplaceandareadequate;•Aprocesshazardanalysishasbeenperformedfornewfacilitiesandrecommendationshavebeenresolvedorimplementedbeforestartup,andmodifiedfacilitiesmeetthemanagementofchangerequirements;and•Trainingofeachemployeeinvolvedinoperatingaprocesshasbeencompleted.Pre-StartupSafetyReview19OSHAbelievesitisimportanttomaintainthemechanicalintegrity

ofcriticalprocessequipmenttoensureitisdesignedandinstalledcorrectlyandoperatesproperly.PSMmechanicalintegrityrequirementsapplytothefollowingequipment:•Pressurevesselsandstoragetanks;•Pipingsystems(includingpipingcomponentssuchasvalves);•Reliefandventsystemsanddevices;•Emergencyshutdownsystems;•Controls(includingmonitoringdevicesandsensors,alarms,andinterlocks);and•Pumps.



Theemployermustestablishandimplementwrittenprocedurestomaintaintheongoingintegrityofprocessequipment.Employeesinvolvedinmaintainingtheongoingintegrityofprocessequipmentmustbetrainedinanoverviewofthatprocessanditshazardsandtrainedintheproceduresapplicabletotheemployees’sjobtasks.Inspectionandtestingmustbeperformedonprocessequipment,usingproceduresthatfollowrecognizedandgenerallyacceptedgoodengineeringpractices.Thefrequencyofinspectionsandtestsofprocessequipmentmustconformwithmanufacturers’recommendationsandgoodengineeringpractices,ormorefrequentlyifdeterminedtobenecessarybyprioroperatingexperience.Eachinspectionandtestonprocessequipmentmustbedocumented,identifyingthedateoftheinspectionortest,thenameofthepersonwhoperformedtheinspectionortest,theserialnumberorotheridentifieroftheequipmentonwhichtheinspectionortestwasperformed,adescriptionoftheinspectionortestperformed,andtheresultsoftheinspectionortest.Equipmentdeficienciesoutsidetheacceptablelimitsdefinedbytheprocesssafetyinformationmustbecorrectedbeforefurtheruse.Insomecases,itmaynotbenecessarythatdeficienciesbecorrectedbeforefurtheruse,aslongasdeficienciesarecorrectedinasafeandtimelymanner,whenothernecessarystepsaretakentoensuresafeoperation.Inconstructingnewplantsandequipment,theemployermust

ensurethatequipmentasitisfabricatedissuitablefortheprocessapplicationforwhichitwillbeused.AppropriatechecksandMechanicalIntegrityMechanicalIntegrityProcessSafetyManagement20inspectionsmustbeperformedtoensurethatequipmentisinstalledproperlyandisconsistentwithdesignspecificationsandthemanufacturer’sinstructions.Theemployeralsomustensurethatmaintenancematerials,spareparts,andequipmentaresuitablefortheprocessapplicationforwhichtheywillbeused.StateswithApprovedPlans

HotWorkPermit21HotWorkPermitApermitmustbeissuedforhotworkoperationsconductedonornearacoveredprocess.ThepermitmustdocumentthatthefirepreventionandprotectionrequirementsinOSHAregulations(1910.252(a))havebeenimplementedpriortobeginningthehotworkoperations;itmustindicatethedate(s)authorizedforhotwork;andidentifytheobjectonwhichhotworkistobeperformed.Thepermitmustbekeptonfileuntilcompletionofthehotwork.ProcessSafetyManagement22ManagementofChangeOSHAbelievesthatcontemplatedchangestoaprocessmustbethoroughlyevaluatedtofullyassesstheirimpactonemployeesafety

andhealthandtodetermineneededchangestooperatingprocedures.Tothisend,thestandardcontainsasectiononproceduresformanagingchangestoprocesses.Writtenprocedurestomanagechanges(exceptfor“replacementsinkind”)toprocesschemicals,technology,equipment,andprocedures,andchangetofacilitiesthataffectacoveredprocess,mustbeestablishedandimplemented.Thesewrittenproceduresmustensurethatthefollowingconsiderationsareaddressedpriortoanychange:•Thetechnicalbasisfortheproposedchange,•Impactofthechangeonemployeesafetyandhealth,



•Modificationstooperatingprocedures,•Necessarytimeperiodforthechange,and•Authorizationrequirementsfortheproposedchange.Employeeswhooperateaprocessandmaintenanceandcontractemployeeswhosejobtaskswillbeaffectedbyachangeintheprocessmustbeinformedof,andtrainedin,thechangepriortostartupoftheprocessorstartupoftheaffectedpartoftheprocess.Ifachangecoveredbytheseproceduresresultsinachangeintherequiredprocesssafetyinformation,suchinformationalsomustbeupdatedaccordingly.Ifachangecoveredbytheseprocedureschangestherequiredoperatingproceduresorpractices,theyalsomustbeupdated.23IncidentInvestigationAcrucialpartoftheprocesssafetymanagementprogramisathoroughinvestigationofincidentstoidentifythechainofeventsandcausessothatcorrectivemeasurescanbedevelopedandimplemented.Accordingly,PSMrequirestheinvestigationofeachincidentthatresultedin,orcouldreasonablyhaveresultedin,acatastrophicreleaseofahighlyhazardouschemicalintheworkplace.Suchanincidentinvestigationmustbeinitiatedaspromptlyaspossible,butnotlaterthan48hoursfollowingtheincident.Theinvestigationmustbebyateamconsistingofatleastonepersonknowledgeableintheprocessinvolved,includingacontractemployee

iftheincidentinvolvedtheworkofacontractor,andotherpersonswithappropriateknowledgeandexperiencetoinvestigateandanalyzetheincidentthoroughly.Aninvestigationreportmustbepreparedincludingatleast:•Dateofincident,•Dateinvestigationbegan,•Descriptionoftheincident,•Factorsthatcontributedtotheincident,and•Recommendationsresultingfromtheinvestigation.Asystemmustbeestablishedtopromptlyaddressandresolvetheincidentreportfindingsandrecommendations.Resolutionsandcorrectiveactionsmustbedocumentedandthereportreviewedbyallaffectedpersonnelwhosejobtasksarerelevanttotheincident

findings(includingcontractemployeeswhenapplicable).Theemployermustkeeptheseincidentinvestigationreportsfor5years.IncidentInvestigationProcessSafetyManagement24If,despitethebestplanning,anincidentoccurs,itisessentialthatemergencypre-planningandtrainingmakeemployeesawareof,andabletoexecute,properactions.Forthisreason,anemergencyactionplanfortheentireplantmustbedevelopedandimplementedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofotherOSHArules(29CFR1910.38(a)).Inaddition,theemergencyactionplanmustincludeproceduresforhandlingsmallreleasesofhazardouschemicals.EmployerscoveredunderPSMalsomaybesubjecttotheOSHA

hazardouswasteandemergencyresponseregulation(29CFR1910.120(a),(p),and(q).EmergencyPlanningandResponseComplianceAuditsComplianceAudits25Tobecertainprocesssafetymanagementiseffective,employersmustcertifythattheyhaveevaluatedcompliancewiththeprovisionsofPSMatleasteverythreeyearsThiswillverifythattheproceduresandpracticesdevelopedunderthestandardareadequateandare



beingfollowed.Thecomplianceauditmustbeconductedbyatleastonepersonknowledgeableintheprocessandareportofthefindingsoftheauditmustbedevelopedanddocumentednotingdeficienciesthathavebeencorrected.Thetwomostrecentcomplianceauditreportsmustbekeptonfile.ProcessSafetyManagement26TradeSecretsEmployersmustmakeavailableallinformationnecessarytocomplywithPSMtothosepersonsresponsibleforcompilingtheprocesssafetyinformation,thosedevelopingtheprocesshazardanalysis,thoseresponsiblefordevelopingtheoperatingprocedures,andthoseperformingincidentinvestigations,emergencyplanningandresponse,andcomplianceaudits,withoutregardtothepossibletradesecretstatusofsuchinformation.NothinginPSM,however,precludestheemployerfromrequiringthosepersonstoenterintoconfidentialityagreementsnottodisclosetheinformation.Part1910-OccupationalSafetyandHealthStandards27Part1910-OccupationalSafetyandHealthStandardsThefollowingsectionscomprisetheprocesssafetymanagementstandard,initsentirety,aspublishedintheFederalRegister(FR57(36):6403-6408,February24,1992).1.TheauthoritycitationforSubpartHofPart1910isrevisedtoreadasfollows:AuthoritySecs.4,6,8,OccupationalSafetyandHealthActof

1970(29U.S.C.653,655,657):SecretaryofLabor’sOrderNo.12-71(36FR8754),8-76(41FR25059),9-83(48FR35736)or1-90(55FR9033),asapplicable.Sections1910.103,1910.106,1910.107,1910.108,1910.109,1910.110,1910.111and1910.119arealsoissuedunder29CFRpart1911.Section1910.119isalsoissuedunderSec.304,CleanAirActAmendmentsof1990(PublicLaw101-549,Nov.15,1990,reprintedat29U.S.C.655Note(Supp.1991)).Section1910.120isalsoissuedunderSec.126,SuperfundAmendmentsandReauthorizationActof1986asamended(29U.S.C.655note),5U.S.C.553and29CFRPart1911.2.Section1910.109isamendedbyrevisingparagraph(k)toread

asfollows:§1910.109ExplosivesandBlastingAgents(k)Scope.(1)Thissectionappliestothemanufacture,keeping,having,storage,sale,transportation,anduseofexplosives,blastingagents,andpyrotechnics.Thesectiondoesnotapplytothesaleanduse(publicdisplay)ofpyrotechnics,commonlyknownasfireworks,northeuseofexplosivesintheformprescribedbytheofficialU.S.Pharmacopeia.(2)Themanufacturerofexplosivesasdefinedinparagraph(a)(3)ofthissectionshallalsomeettherequirementscontainedin§1910.119.(3)Themanufactureofpyrotechnicsasdefinedinparagraph(a)(10)ofthissectionshallalsomeettherequirementscontainedin

§1910.119.ProcessSafetyManagement28Anew§1910.119andappendicesAthroughD*to§1910.119areaddedtoreadasfollows:1910.119ProcessSafetyManagementofHighlyHazardousChemicalsPurpose.Thissectioncontainsrequirementsforpreventingorminimizingtheconsequencesofcatastrophicreleasesoftoxic,reactive,flammable,orexplosivechemicals.Thesereleasesmay



resultintoxic,fireorexplosionhazards.(a)Application.(1)Thissectionappliestothefollowing:(i)AprocesswhichinvolvesachemicalatorabovethespecifiedthresholdquantitieslistedinAppendixAtothissection;(ii)Aprocesswhichinvolvesflammableliquidorgas(asdefinedin1910.1200(c)ofthispart)onsiteinonelocation,inaquantityof10,000pounds(4535.9kg)ormoreexceptfor:(A)Hydrocarbonfuelsusedsolelyforworkplaceconsumptionasafuel(e.g.,propaneusedforcomfortheating,gasolineforvehiclerefueling),ifsuchfuelsarenotapartofaprocesscontaininganotherhighlyhazardouschemicalcoveredbythisstandard;(B)Flammableliquidsstoredinatmospherictanksortransferredwhicharekeptbelowtheirnormalboilingpointwithoutbenefitofchillingorrefrigeration.(2)Thissectiondoesnotapplyto:(i)Retailfacilities;(ii)Oilorgaswelldrillingorservicingoperations;or,(iii)Normallyunoccupiedremotefacilities.(b)Definitions.Atmospherictankmeansastoragetankwhichhasbeendesignedtooperateatpressuresfromatmosphericthrough0.5p.s.i.g.(poundspersquareinchgauge,3.45Kpa).*AppendicesCandDarenotreprintedhere.SeeOSHA3133ProcessSafetyManagementGuidelinesforCompliancefortextofAppendixC.SeeFederalRegister(FR56(36)6416-6417,February24,1992),forAppendixD-Sourcesof

FurtherInformation.Part1910-OccupationalSafetyandHealthStandardsBoilingpointmeanstheboilingpointofaliquidatapressureof14.7poundspersquareinchabsolute(p.s.i.a.)(760mm).Forthepurposesofthissection,whereanaccurateboilingpointisunavailableforthematerialinquestion,orformixtureswhichdonothaveaconstantboilingpoint,the10percentpointofadistillationperformedinaccordancewiththeStandardMethodofTestforDistillationofPetroleumProducts,ASTMD-86-62,maybeusedastheboilingpointoftheliquid.Catastrophicreleasemeansamajoruncontrolledemission,fire,orexplosion,involvingoneormorehighlyhazardouschemicalsthatpresentsseriousdangertoemployeesintheworkplace.

Facilitymeansthebuildings,containersorequipmentwhichcontainaprocess.Highlyhazardouschemicalmeansasubstancepossessingtoxic,reactive,flammable,orexplosivepropertiesandspecifiedbyparagraph(a)(1)ofthissection.Hotworkmeansworkinvolvingelectricorgaswelding,cutting,brazing,orsimilarflameorspark-producingoperations.Normallyunoccupiedremotefacilitymeansafacilitywhichisoperated,maintainedorservicedbyemployeeswhovisitthefacilityonlyperiodicallytocheckitsoperationandtoperformnecessaryoperatingormaintenancetasks.Noemployeesarepermanentlystationedatthefacility.Facilitiesmeetingthisdefinitionarenotcontiguouswith,and

mustbegeographicallyremotefrom,allotherbuildings,processesorpersons.Processmeansanyactivityinvolvingahighlyhazardouschemicalincludinganyuse,storage,manufacturing,handling,ortheon-sitemovementofsuchchemicals,orcombinationoftheseactivities.Forpurposesofthisdefinition,anygroupofvesselswhichareinterconnectedandseparatevesselsthatarelocatedsuchathatahighlyhazardouschemicalcouldbeinvolvedinapotentialreleaseshallbeconsideredasingleprocess.Replacementinkindmeansareplacementwhichsatisfiesthe



designspecification.Tradesecretmeansanyconfidentialformula,pattern,process,device,informationorcompilationofinformationthatisusedinan29ProcessSafetyManagement30employer’sbusiness,andthatgivestheemployeranopportunitytoobtainadvantageovercompetitorswhodonotknoworuseit.AppendixDcontainedin§1910.1200setsoutthecriteriatobeusedinevaluatingtradesecrets.(c)Employeeparticipation.(1)Employersshalldevelopawrittenplanofactionregardingtheimplementationoftheemployeeparticipationrequiredbythisparagraph.(2)Employersshallconsultwithemployeesandtheirrepresentativesontheconductanddevelopmentofprocesshazardanalysesandonthedevelopmentoftheotherelementsofprocesssafetymanagementinthisstandard.(3)Employersshallprovidetoemployeesandtheirrepresentativesaccesstoprocesshazardanalysesandtoallotherinformationrequiredtobedevelopedunderthisstandard.(d)Processsafetyinformation.Inaccordancewiththeschedulesetforthinparagraph(e)(1)ofthissection,theemployershallcompleteacompilationofwrittenprocesssafetyinformationbeforeconductinganyprocesshazardanalysisrequiredbythestandard.

Thecompilationofwrittenprocesssafetyinformationistoenabletheemployerandtheemployeesinvolvedinoperatingtheprocesstoidentifyandunderstandthehazardsposedbythoseprocessesinvolvinghighlyhazardouschemicals.Thisprocesssafetyinformationshallincludeinformationpertainingtothehazardsofthehighlyhazardouschemicalsusedorproducedbytheprocess,informationpertainingtothetechnologyoftheprocess,andinformationpertainingtotheequipmentintheprocess.(1)Informationpertainingtothehazardsofthehighlyhazardouschemicalsintheprocess.Thisinformationshallconsistofatleastthefollowing:(i)Toxicityinformation;(ii)Permissibleexposurelimits;

(iii)Physicaldata;(iv)Reactivitydata;(v)Corrosivitydata;(vi)Thermalandchemicalstabilitydata;andPart1910-OccupationalSafetyandHealthStandards31(vii)Hazardouseffectsofinadvertentmixingofdifferentmaterialsthatcouldforeseeablyoccur.Note:MaterialSafetyDataSheetsmeetingtherequirementsof29CFR1910.1200(g)maybeusedtocomplywiththisrequirementtotheextentthattheycontaintheinformationrequiredbythissubparagraph.(2)Informationpertainingtothetechnologyoftheprocess.(i)Informationconcerningthetechnologyoftheprocessshallincludeat

leastthefollowing:(A)Ablockflowdiagramorsimplifiedprocessflowdiagram(seeAppendixBtothissection);(B)Processchemistry;(C)Maximumintendedinventory;(D)Safeupperandlowerlimitsforsuchitemsastemperatures,pressures,flowsorcompositions;and,(E)Anevaluationoftheconsequencesofdeviations,includingthoseaffectingthesafetyandhealthofemployees.(ii)Wheretheoriginaltechnicalinformationnolongerexists,such



informationmaybedevelopedinconjunctionwiththeprocesshazardanalysisinsufficientdetailtosupporttheanalysis.(3)Informationpertainingtotheequipmentintheprocess.(i)Informationpertainingtotheequipmentintheprocessshallinclude:(A)Materialsofconstruction;(B)Pipingandinstrumentdiagrams(P&ID’s);(C)Electricalclassification;(D)Reliefsystemdesignanddesignbasis;(E)Ventilationsystemdesign;(F)Designcodesandstandardsemployed;(G)MaterialandenergybalancesforprocessesbuiltafterMay26,1992;and,(H)Safetysystems(e.g.interlocks,detectionorsuppressionsystems).ProcessSafetyManagement32(ii)Theemployershalldocumentthatequipmentcomplieswithrecognizedandgenerallyacceptedgoodengineeringpractices.(iii)Forexistingequipmentdesignedandconstructedinaccordancewithcodes,standards,orpracticesthatarenolongeringeneraluse,theemployershalldetermineanddocumentthattheequipmentisdesigned,maintained,inspected,tested,andoperatinginasafemanner,

(e)Processhazardanalysis.(1)Theemployershallperformaninitialprocesshazardanalysis(hazardevaluation)onprocessescoveredbythisstandard.Theprocesshazardanalysisshallbeappropriatetothecomplexityoftheprocessandshallidentify,evaluate,andcontrolthehazardsinvolvedintheprocess.Employersshalldetermineanddocumentthepriorityorderforconductingprocesshazardanalysesbasedonarationalewhichincludessuchconsiderationsasextentoftheprocesshazards,numberofpotentiallyaffectedemployees,ageoftheprocess,andoperatinghistoryoftheprocess.Theprocesshazardanalysisshallbeconductedassoonaspossible,butnotlaterthanthefollowingschedule:(i)Nolessthan25percentoftheinitialprocesshazardsanalysesshallbecompletedbyMay26,1994;

(ii)Nolessthan50percentoftheinitialprocesshazardsanalysesshallbecompletedbyMay26,1995;(iii)Nolessthan75percentoftheinitialprocesshazardsanalysesshallbecompletedbyMay26,1996;(iv)AllinitialprocesshazardsanalysesshallbecompletedbyMay26,1997.(v)ProcesshazardsanalysescompletedafterMay26,1987,whichmeettherequirementsofthisparagraphareacceptableasinitialprocesshazardsanalyses.Theprocesshazardanalysesshallbeupdatedandrevalidated,basedontheircompletiondate,inaccordancewithparagraph(e)(6)ofthissection.(2)Theemployershalluseoneormoreofthefollowingmethodologiesthatareappropriatetodetermineandevaluatethehazardsof

theprocessbeinganalyzed.(i)What-if;(ii)Checklist;(iii)What-if/checklist;33(iv)HazardandOperabilityStudy(HAZOP);(v)FailureModeandEffectsAnalysis(FMEA);(vi)FaultTreeAnalysis;or(vii)Anappropriateequivalentmethodology.(3)Theprocesshazardanalysisshalladdress;



(i)Thehazardsoftheprocess;(ii)Theidentificationofanypreviousincidentwhichhadalikelypotentialforcatastrophicconsequencesintheworkplace;(iii)Engineeringandadministrativecontrolsapplicabletothehazardsandtheirinterrelationshipssuchasappropriateapplicationofdetectionmethodologiestoprovideearlywarningofreleases.(Acceptabledetectionmethodsmightincludeprocessmonitoringandcontrolinstrumentationwithalarms,anddetectionhardwaresuchashydrocarbonsensors.);(iv)Consequencesoffailureofengineeringandadministrativecontrols;(v)Facilitysiting;(vi)Humanfactors;and(vii)Aqualitativeevaluationofarangeofthepossiblesafetyandhealtheffectsoffailureofcontrolsonemployeesintheworkplace.(4)Theprocesshazardanalysisshallbeperformedbyateamwithexpertiseinengineeringandprocessoperations,andtheteamshallincludeatleastoneemployeewhohasexperienceandknowledgespecifictotheprocessbeingevaluated.Also,onememberoftheteammustbeknowledgeableinthespecificprocesshazardanalysismethodologybeingused.(5)Theemployershallestablishasystemtopromptlyaddresstheteam’sfindingsandrecommendations;assurethattherecommendationsareresolvedinatimelymannerandthattheresolutionis

documented;documentwhatactionsaretobetaken;completeactionsassoonaspossible;developawrittenscheduleofwhentheseactionsaretobecompleted;communicatetheactionstooperating,maintenanceandotheremployeeswhoseworkassignmentsareintheprocessandwhomaybeaffectedbytherecommendationsoractions.(6)Atleasteveryfive(5)yearsafterthecompletionoftheinitialprocesshazardanalysis,theprocesshazardanalysisshallbeupdatedPart1910-OccupationalSafetyandHealthStandardsProcessSafetyManagement34andrevalidatedbyateammeetingtherequirementsinparagraph(e)(4)ofthissection,toassurethattheprocesshazardanalysisisconsistentwiththecurrentprocess.

(7)Employersshallretainprocesshazardsanalysesandupdatesorrevalidationsforeachprocesscoveredbythissection,aswellasthedocumentedresolutionofrecommendationsdescribedinparagraph(e)(5)ofthissectionforthelifeoftheprocess.(f)Operatingprocedures.(1)Theemployershalldevelopandimplementwrittenoperatingproceduresthatprovideclearinstructionsforsafelyconductingactivitiesinvolvedineachcoveredprocessconsistentwiththeprocesssafetyinformationandshalladdressatleastthefollowingelements,.(i)Stepsforeachoperatingphase:(A)Initialstartup;(B)Normaloperations;(C)Temporaryoperations;

(D)Emergencyshutdownincludingtheconditionsunderwhichemergencyshutdownisrequired,andtheassignmentofshutdownresponsibilitytoqualifiedoperatorstoensurethatemergencyshutdownisexecutedinasafeandtimelymanner.(E)EmergencyOperations,(F)Normalshutdown;and,(G)Startupfollowingaturnaround,orafteranemergencyshutdown,(ii)Operatinglimits;(A)Consequencesofdeviation;and(B)Stepsrequiredtocorrectoravoiddeviation.



(iii)Safetyandhealthconsiderations:(A)Propertiesof,andhazardspresentedby,thechemicalsusedintheprocess;(B)Precautionsnecessarytopreventexposure,includingengineeringcontrols,administrativecontrols,andpersonalprotectiveequipment;(C)Controlmeasurestobetakenifphysicalcontactorairborneexposureoccurs;35Part1910-OccupationalSafetyandHealthStandards(D)Qualitycontrolforrawmaterialsandcontrolofhazardouschemicalinventorylevels;and,(E)Anyspecialoruniquehazards.(iv)Safetysystemsandtheirfunctions.(2)Operatingproceduresshallbereadilyaccessibletoemployeeswhoworkinormaintainaprocess.(3)Theoperatingproceduresshallbereviewedasoftenasnecessarytoassurethattheyreflectcurrentoperatingpractices,includingchangesthatresultfromchangesinprocesschemicals,technology,andequipment,andchangestofacilities.Theemployershallcertifyannuallythattheseoperatingproceduresarecurrentandaccurate.(4)Theemployershalldevelopandimplementsafeworkpracticestoprovideforthecontrolofhazardsduringoperationssuchaslockout/tagout;confinedspaceentry;openingprocessequipmentor

piping;andcontroloverentranceintoafacilitybymaintenance,contractor,laboratory,orothersupportpersonnel.Thesesafeworkpracticesshallapplytoemployeesandcontractoremployees.(g)Training.(1)Initialtraining.(i)Eachemployeepresentlyinvolvedinoperatingaprocess,andeachemployeebeforebeinginvolvedinoperatinganewlyassignedprocess,shallbetrainedinanoverviewoftheprocessandintheoperatingproceduresasspecifiedinparagraph(f)ofthissection.Thetrainingshallincludeemphasisonthespecificsafetyandhealthhazards,emergencyoperationsincludingshutdown,andsafeworkpracticesapplicabletotheemployee’sjobtasks.(ii)InlieuofinitialtrainingforthoseemployeesalreadyinvolvedinoperatingaprocessonMay26,1992,anemployermaycertifyin

writingthattheemployeehastherequiredknowledge,skills,andabilitiestosafelycarryoutthedutiesandresponsibilitiesasspecifiedintheoperatingprocedures.(2)Refreshertraining.Refreshertrainingshallbeprovidedatleastevery3years,andmoreoftenifnecessary,toeachemployeeinvolvedinoperatingaprocesstoassurethattheemployeeunderstandsandadherestothecurrentoperatingproceduresoftheprocess.Theemployer,inconsultationwiththeemployeesinvolvedinoperatingtheprocess,shalldeterminetheappropriatefrequencyofrefreshertraining.ProcessSafetyManagement36(3)Trainingdocumentation.Theemployershallascertainthat

eachemployeeinvolvedinoperatingaprocesshasreceivedandunderstoodthetrainingrequiredbythisparagraph.Theemployershallpreparearecordwhichcontainstheidentityoftheemployee,thedateoftraining,andthemeansusedtoverifythattheemployeeunderstoodthetraining.(h)Contractors.(1)Application.Thisparagraphappliestocontractorsperformingmaintenanceorrepair,turnaround,majorrenovation,orspecialtyworkonoradjacenttoacoveredprocess.Itdoesnotapplytocontractorsprovidingincidentalserviceswhichdonotinfluenceprocesssafety,suchasjanitorialwork,foodanddrink



services,laundry,deliveryorothersupplyservices.(2)Employerresponsibilities.(i)Theemployer,whenselectingacontractor,shallobtainandevaluateinformationregardingthecontractemployer’ssafetyandperformanceandprograms.(ii)Theemployershallinformcontractemployersoftheknownpotentialfire,explosion,ortoxicreleasehazardsrelatedtothecontractor’sworkandtheprocess.(iii)Theemployershallexplaintocontractemployerstheapplicableprovisionsoftheemergencyactionplanrequiredbyparagraph(n)ofthissection.(iv)Theemployershalldevelopandimplementsafeworkpracticesconsistentwithparagraph(f)(4)ofthissection,tocontroltheentrance,presenceandexitofcontractemployersandcontractemployeesincoveredprocessareas.(v)Theemployershallperiodicallyevaluatetheperformanceofcontractemployersinfulfillingtheirobligationsasspecifiedinparagraph(h)(3)ofthissection.(vi)Theemployershallmaintainacontractemployeeinjuryandillnesslogrelatedtothecontractor’sworkinprocessareas.(3)Contractemployerresponsibilities.(i)Thecontractemployershallassurethateachcontractemployeeistrainedintheworkpracticesnecessarytosafelyperformhis/herjob.(ii)Thecontractemployershallassurethateachcontractemployee

isinstructedintheknownpotentialfire,explosion,ortoxicPart1910-OccupationalSafetyandHealthStandards37releasehazardsrelatedtohis/herjobandtheprocess,andtheapplicableprovisionsoftheemergencyactionplan.(iii)Thecontractemployershalldocumentthateachcontractemployeehasreceivedandunderstoodthetrainingrequiredbythisparagraph.Thecontractemployershallpreparearecordwhichcontainstheidentityofthecontractemployee,thedateoftraining,andthemeansusedtoverifythattheemployeeunderstoodthetraining.(iv)Thecontractemployershallassurethateachcontractemployeefollowsthesafetyrulesofthefacilityincludingthesafework

practicesrequiredbyparagraph(f)(4)ofthissection.(v)Thecontractemployershalladvisetheemployerofanyuniquehazardspresentedbythecontractemployer’swork,orofanyhazardsfoundbythecontractemployer’swork.(i)Pre-startupreview.(1)Theemployershallperformaprestartupsafetyreviewfornewfacilitiesandformodifiedfacilitieswhenthemodificationissignificantenoughtorequireachangeintheprocesssafetyinformation.(2)Thepre-startupsafetyreviewshallconfirmthatpriortotheintroductionofhighlyhazardouschemicalstoaprocess:(i)Constructionandequipmentisinaccordancewithdesignspecifications;(ii)Safety,operating,maintenance,andemergencyproceduresare

inplaceandareadequate;(iii)Fornewfacilities,aprocesshazardanalysishasbeenperformedandrecommendationshavebeenresolvedorimplementedbeforestartup;andmodifiedfacilitiesmeettherequirementscontainedinmanagementofchange,paragraph(1).(iv)Trainingofeachemployeeinvolvedinoperatingaprocesshasbeencompleted.(j)MechanicalIntegrity.(1)Application.Paragraphs(j)(2)through(j)(6)ofthissectionapplytothefollowingprocessequipment:(i)Pressurevesselsandstoragetanks;



(ii)Pipingsystems(includingpipingcomponentssuchasvalves);ProcessSafetyManagement38(iii)Reliefandventsystemsanddevices;(iv)Emergencyshutdownsystems;(v)Controls(includingmonitoringdevicesandsensors,alarms,andinterlocks)and,(vi)Pumps.(2)Writtenprocedures.Theemployershallestablishandimplementwrittenprocedurestomaintaintheon-goingintegrityofprocessequipment.(3)Trainingforprocessmaintenanceactivities.Theemployershalltraineachemployeeinvolvedinmaintainingtheon-goingintegrityofprocessequipmentinanoverviewofthatprocessanditshazardsandintheproceduresapplicabletotheemployee’sjobtaskstoassurethattheemployeecanperformthejobtasksinasafemanner.(4)Inspectionandtesting.(i)Inspectionsandtestsshallbeperformedonprocessequipment.(ii)Inspectionandtestingproceduresshallfollowrecognizedandgenerallyacceptedgoodengineeringpractices.(iii)Thefrequencyofinspectionsandtestsofprocessequipmentshallbeconsistentwithapplicablemanufacturers’recommendationsandgoodengineeringpractices,andmorefrequentlyifdeterminedto

benecessarybyprioroperatingexperience.(iv)Theemployershalldocumenteachinspectionandtestthathasbeenperformedonprocessequipment.Thedocumentationshallidentifythedateoftheinspectionortest,thenameofthepersonwhoperformedtheinspectionortest,theserialnumberorotheridentifieroftheequipmentonwhichtheinspectionortestwasperformed,adescriptionoftheinspectionortestperformed,andtheresultsoftheinspectiontest.(5)Equipmentdeficiencies.Theemployershallcorrectdeficienciesinequipmentthatareoutsideacceptablelimits(definedbytheprocesssafetyinformationonparagraph(d)ofthissection)beforefurtheruseorinasafeandtimelymannerwhennecessarymeansaretakentoassuresafeoperation.

(6)Qualityassurance.(i)Intheconstructionofnewplantsandequipment,theemployershallassurethatequipmentasitisfabriPart1910-OccupationalSafetyandHealthStandards39catedissuitablefortheprocessapplicationforwhichtheywillbeused.(ii)Appropriatechecksandinspectionsshallbeperformedtoassurethatequipmentisinstalledproperlyandconsistentwithdesignspecificationsandthemanufacturer’sinstructions.(iii)Theemployershallassurethatmaintenancematerials,sparepartsandequipmentaresuitablefortheprocessapplicationforwhichtheywillbeused.(k)Hotworkpermit.(1)Theemployershallissueahotwork

permitforhotworkoperationsconductedonornearacoveredprocess.(2)Thepermitshalldocumentthatthefirepreventionandprotectionrequirementsof29CFR1910.252(a)havebeenimplementedpriortobeginningthehotworkoperations;itshallindicatethedate(s)authorizedforhotwork;andidentifytheobjectonwhichhotworkistobeperformed.Thepermitshallbekeptonfileuntilcompletionofthehotworkoperations.(1)Managementofchange.(1)Theemployershallestablishandimplementwrittenprocedurestomanagechangesexceptfor“replacements



inkind”)toprocesschemicals,technology,equipment,andprocedures;and,changestofacilitiesthataffectacoveredprocess.(2)Theproceduresshallassurethatthefollowingconsiderationsareaddressedpriortoanychange:(i)Thetechnicalbasisfortheproposedchange;(ii)Impactofchangeonsafetyandhealth;(iii)Modificationstooperatingprocedures;(iv)Necessarytimeperiodforthechange;and(v)Authorizationrequirementsfortheproposedchange.(3)Employeesinvolvedinoperatingaprocessandmaintenanceandcontractemployeeswhosejobtaskswillbeaffectedbyachangeintheprocessshallbeinformedof,andtrainedin,thechangepriortostart-upoftheprocessoraffectedpartoftheprocess.(4)Ifachangecoveredbythisparagraphresultsinachangeintheoperatingproceduresorpracticesrequiredbyparagraph(d)ofthissection,suchinformationshallbeupdatedaccordingly.ProcessSafetyManagement(5)Ifachangecoveredbythisparagraphresultsinachangeintheoperatingproceduresorpracticesrequiredbyparagraph(f)ofthissection,suchproceduresorpracticesshallbeupdatedaccordingly.(m)Incidentinvestigation.(1)Theemployershallinvestigateeachincidentwhichresulteddin,orcouldreasonablyhaveresultedinacatastrophicreleaseofhighlyhazardouschemicalintheworkplace.

(2)Anincidentinvestigationshallbeinitiatedaspromptlyaspossible,butnotlaterthan48hoursfollowingtheincident.(3)Anincidentinvestigationteamshallbeestablishedandconsistofatleastonepersonknowledgeableintheprocessinvolved,includingacontractemployeeiftheincidentinvolvedworkofthecontractor,andotherpersonswithappropriateknowledgeandexperiencetothoroughlyinvestigateandanalyzetheincident.(4)Areportshallbepreparedattheconclusionoftheinvestigationwhichincludesataminimum:(i)Dateofincident;(ii)Dateinvestigationbegan:(iii)Adescriptionoftheincident;(iv)Thefactorsthatcontributedtotheincident;and

(v)Anyrecommendationsresultingfromtheinvestigation.(5)Theemployershallestablishasystemtopromptlyaddressandresolvetheincidentreportfindingsandrecommendations.Resolutionsandcorrectiveactionsshallbedocumented.(6)Thereportshallbereviewedwithallaffectedpersonnelwhosejobtasksarerelevanttotheincidentfindingsincludingcontractemployeeswhereapplicable.(7)Incidentinvestigationreportsshallberetainedforfiveyears.(n)Emergencyplanningandresponse.Theemployershallestablishandimplementanemergencyactionplanfortheentireplantinaccordancewiththeprovisionsof29CFR1910.38(a).Inaddition,theemergencyactionplanshallincludeproceduresforhandlingsmallreleases.Employerscoveredunderthisstandardmay

alsobesubjecttothehazardouswasteandemergencyresponseprovisionscontainedin29CFR1910.120(a),(p)and(q).40Part1910-OccupationalSafetyandHealthStandards(o)Complianceaudits.(1)Employersshallcertifythattheyhaveevaluatedcompliancewiththeprovisionsofthissectionatleasteverythreeyearstoverifythattheproceduresandpracticesdevelopedunderthestandardareadequateandarebeingfollowed.(2)Thecomplianceauditshallbeconductedbyatleastonepersonknowledgeableintheprocess.



(3)Areportofthefindingsoftheauditshallbedeveloped.(4)Theemployershallpromptlydetermineanddocumentanappropriateresponsetoeachofthefindingsofthecomplianceaudit,anddocumentthatdeficiencieshavebeencorrected.(5)Employersshallretainthetwo(2)mostrecentcomplianceauditreports.(p)Tradesecrets.(1)Employersshallmakeallinformationnecessarytocomplywiththesectionavailabletothosepersonsresponsibleforcompilingtheprocesssafetyinformation(requiredbyparagraph(d)ofthissection),thoseassistinginthedevelopmentoftheprocesshazardanalysis(requiredbyparagraph(e)ofthissection),thoseresponsiblefordevelopingtheoperatingprocedures(requiredbyparagraph(f)ofthissection),andthoseinvolvedinincidentinvestigations(requiredbyparagraph(m)ofthissection),emergencyplanningandresponse(paragraph(n)ofthissection)andcomplianceaudits(paragraph(o)ofthissection)withoutregardtopossibletradesecretstatusofsuchinformation.(2)Nothinginthisparagraphshallprecludetheemployerfromrequiringthepersonstowhomtheinformationismadeavailableunderparagraph(p)(1)ofthissectiontoenterintoconfidentialityagreementsnottodisclosetheinformationassetforthin29CFR1910.1200.(3)Subjecttotherulesandproceduressetforthin29CFR1910.1200(i)(1)through1910.1200(i)(12),employeesandtheir

designatedrepresentativesshallhaveaccesstotradesecretinformationcontainedwithintheprocesshazardanalysisandotherdocumentsrequiredtobedevelopedbythisstandard.41ProcessSafetyManagement42AppendixAto§1910.119AppendixAto§1910.119—ListofHighlyHazardousChemicals,ToxicsandReactives(Mandatory)ThisAppendixcontainsalistingoftoxicandreactivehighlyhazardouschemicalswhichpresentapotentialforacatastrophiceventatorabovethethresholdquantity.CHEMICALnameCAS*TQ**Acetaldehyde.............................................75-07-02500

Acrolein(2-Propenal)................................107-02-8150AcrytylChloride........................................814-68-6250AllylChloride............................................107-05-11000Allylamine.................................................107-11-91000Alkylaluminums........................................Varies5000Ammonia,Anhydrous................................7664-41-710000Ammoniasolutions(>44%ammoniabyweight)..................7664-41-715000AmmoniumPerchlorate.............................7790-98-97500AmmoniumPermanganate........................7787-36-27500Arsine(alsocalledArsenicHydride)........7784-42-1100Bis(Chloromethyl)Ether...........................542-88-1100BoronTrichloride......................................10294-34-52500

BoronTrifluoride.......................................7637-07-2250Bromine.....................................................7726-95-61500BromineChloride......................................13863-41-71500BrominePentafluoride...............................7789-30-22500BromineTrifluoride...................................7787-71-5150003-Bromopropyne(alsocalledPropargylBromide)...............................106-96-7100ButylHydroperoxide(Tertiary).................75-91-25000ButylPerbenzoate(Tertiary).....................614-45-97500CarbonylChloride(seePhosgene)............75-44-5100



CarbonylFluoride......................................353-50-42500CelluloseNitrate(concentration>12.6%nitrogen...................................9004-70-02500Chlorine.....................................................7782-50-51500ChlorineDioxide.......................................10049-04-41000ChlorinePentrafluoride.............................13637-63-31000ChlorineTrifluoride...................................7790-91-21000Chlorodiethylaluminum(alsocalledDiethylaluminumChloride)...................96-10-650001-Chloro-2,4-Dinitrobenzene...................97-00-75000ChloromethylMethylEther.......................107-30-2500Chloropicrin...............................................76-06-2500CHEMICALname....................................CAS*TQ**43AppendixAto§1910.119CHEMICALnameCAS*TQ**ChloropicrinandMethylBromidemixture....................................None1500ChloropicrinandMethylChloridemixture....................................None1500CumeneHydroperoxide.............................80-15-95000Cyanogen...................................................460-19-52500CyanogenChloride....................................506-77-4500CyanuricFluoride......................................675-14-9100

DiacetylPeroxide(concentration>700%)..........................110-22-55000Diazomethane............................................334-88-3500DibenzoylPeroxide...................................94-36-07500Diborane....................................................19287-45-7100DibutylPeroxide(Tertiary).......................110-05-45000DichloroAcetylene....................................7572-29-4250Dichlorosilane...........................................4109-96-02500Diethylzinc................................................557-20-010000DiisopropylPeroxydicarbonate.................105-64-67500DilaluroylPeroxide...................................105-74-87500DimethyIdichlorosilane........................75-78-51000Dimethylhydrazine,1,1.............................57-14-71000

Dimethylamine,Anhydrous.......................124-40-325002,4-Dinitroanitine......................................97-02-95000EthylMethylKetonePeroxide(alsoMethylEthylKetonePeroxide;concentration>60%).............1338-23-45000EthylNitrite...............................................109-95-55000Ethylamine.................................................75-04-77500EthyleneFluorohydrin...............................371-62-0100EthyleneOxide..........................................75-21-85000Ethyleneimine............................................151-56-41000Fluorine.....................................................7782-41-4100Formaldehyde(Formalin’)........................50-00-01000Furan..........................................................110-00-9500

Hexafluoroacetone.....................................684-16-25000HydrochloricAcid,Anhydrous..................7647-01-05000HydrofluoricAcid,Anhydrous..................7664-39-31000HydrogenBromide....................................10035-10-65000HydrogenChloride....................................7647-01-05000HodrogenCyanide,Anhydrous.................74-90-81000HydrogenFluoride....................................7664-39-31000HydrogenPeroxide(52%byweightorgreater....................................7722-84-17500HydrogenSelenide....................................7783-07-5150



HydrogenSulfide.......................................7783=06-41500ProcessSafetyManagement44CHEMICALnameCAS*TQ**HydroxIamine............................................7803-49-82500Iron,Pentacarbonyl....................................13463-40-6250Isopropylamine..........................................75-31-05000Ketene........................................................463-51-4100Methacrylaldehyde....................................78-85-31000MethacryloylChloride...............................920-46-7150MethacryloyloxyethylIsocyanate..............30674-80-7100MethylAcrylonitrile..................................126-98-7250Methylamine,Anhydrous..........................74-89-51000MethylBromide.........................................74-83-92500MethylChloride.........................................74-87-315000MethylChloroformate...............................79-22-1500MethylEthylKetonePeroxide(concentration>60%)............................1338-23-45000MethylFluoroacetate.................................453-18-9100MethylFluorosulfate.................................421-20-5100MethylHydrazine......................................60-34-4100MethylIodide............................................74-88-47500MethylIsocyanate.....................................624-83-9250MethylMercaptan.....................................74-93-15000

MethylVinylKetone.................................79-84-4100Methyltrichlorosilane................................75-79-6500NickelCarbonly(NickelTetracarbonyl)........................................13463-39-3150NitricAcid(94.5%byweightorgreater)..................................7697-37-2500NitricOxide...............................................10102-43-9250Nitroaniline(paraNitroaniline).................100-01-65000Nitromethane.............................................75-52-52500NitrogenDioxide.......................................10102-44-0250NitrogenOxides(NO;NO2;N204;N203)..........................................10102-44-0250NitrogenTetroxide(alsocalled

NitrogenPeroxide)................................10544-72-6250NitrogenTrifluoride..................................7783-54-25000NitrogenTrioxide......................................10544-73-7250Oleum(65%to80%byweight;alsocalledFumingSulfuricAcid..........8014-94-71000OsmiumTetroxide.....................................20816-12-0100OxygenDifluoride(FluorineMonoxide).............................................7783-41-7100Ozone.........................................................10028-15-6100Pentaborane...............................................19624-22-710045CHEMICALnameCAS*TQ**PeraceticAcid(concentration

>60%AceticAcid;alsocalledPeroxyaceticAcid).................................79-21-01000PerchloricAcid(concentration>60%byweight)...................................7601-90-35000PerchloromethylMercaptan......................594-42-3150PerchlorylFluoride....................................7616-94-65000PeroxyaceticAcid(concentration>60%byAceticAcid;alsocalled’ParaceticAcid).......................................79-21-01000Phosgene(alsocalled



CarbonylChloride)................................75-44-5100Phosphine(HydrogenPhosphide).............7803-51-2100PhosphorusOxychloride(alsocalledPhosphorylChloride)..................10025-87-31000PhosphorusTrichloride..............................7719-12-21000PhosphorylChloride(alsocalledPhosphorusOxychloride.......................10025-87-31000PropargylBromide....................................106-96-7100PropylNitrate............................................627-3-4100Sarin...........................................................107-44-8100SeleniumHexafluoride..............................7783-79-11000Stibine(AntimonyHydride)......................7803-52-3500SulfurDioxide(liquid)..............................7446-09-51000SulfurPentafluoride...................................5714-22-7250SulfurTetrafluoride...................................7783-60-0250SulfurTrioxide(alsocalledSulfuricAnhydride)...............................7446-11-91000SulfuricAnhydride(alsocalledSulfurTrioxide).....................................7446-11-91000TelluriumHexafluoride.............................7783-80-4250Tetrafluoroethylene....................................116-14-35000Tetrafluorohydrazine.................................10036-47-25000TetramethylLead.......................................75-74-11000ThionylChloride.......................................7719-09-7250

Trichloro(chloromethyl)Silane................1558-25-4100Trichloro(dichlorophenyl)Silane.............27137-85-52500Trichlorosilane...........................................10025-78-25000Triflurochloroethylene...............................79-38-910000Trimethyoxysilane.....................................2487-90-31500*ChemicalAbstractServiceNumber.**ThresholdQuantityinPounds(Amountnecessarytobecoveredbythisstandard).AppendixAto§1910.119ProcessSafetyManagement46AppendixBto§1910.119AppendixBto§1910.119—BlockFlowDiagramandSimplifiedProcessFlowDiagram(Nonmandatory)

ExampleofaBlockFlowDiagram47AppendixBto§1910.119ExampleofaSimplifiedProcessFlowDiagramProcessSafetyManagement48OSHAConsultationDirectoryStateTelephoneAlabama......................................................................(205)348-3033Alaska.........................................................................(907)269-4957Arizona.......................................................................(602)542-1695

Arkansas.....................................................................(501)682-4522California....................................................................(415)703-5270Colorado.....................................................................(970)491-6151Connecticut.................................................................(860)566-4550Delaware.....................................................................(302)761-8219



DistrictofColumbia...................................................(202)576-6339Florida.........................................................................(850)922-8955Georgia.......................................................................(404)894-2643Guam..................................................................011(671)475-0136Hawaii.........................................................................(808)586-9100Idaho...........................................................................(208)426-3283Illinois.........................................................................(312)814-2337Indiana........................................................................(317)232-2688Iowa............................................................................(515)965-7162Kansas.........................................................................(785)296-7476Kentucky.....................................................................(502)564-6895Louisiana....................................................................(504)342-9601

Maine..........................................................................(207)624-6460Maryland.....................................................................(410)880-4970Massachusetts.............................................................(617)727-3982Michigan.....................................................................(517)322-6823(H)...............................................................................(517)322-1809(S)Minnesota...................................................................(612)297-2393Mississippi..................................................................(

601)987-3981Missouri......................................................................(573)751-3403Consultationprogramsprovidefreeservicestoemployerswhorequesthelpinidentifyingandcorrectingspecifichazards,wanttoimprovetheirsafetyandhealthprograms,and/orneedfurtherassistanceintrainingandeducation.FundedbyOSHAanddeliveredbywell-trainedprofessionalstaffofstategovernments,consultationservicesarecomprehensive,andincludeanappraisalofallworkplacehazards,practices,andjobsafetyandhealthprograms;conferencesandagreementswithmanagement;assistanceinimplementingrecommendations;andafollow-upappraisaltoensurethatanyrequiredcorrectionsaremade.Formoreinformationonconsultation

programs,contacttheappropriateofficeinyourstatelistedbelow.49Montana......................................................................(406)444-6418Nebraska.....................................................................(402)471-4717Nevada........................................................................(702)486-9140NewHampshire..........................................................(603)271-2024



NewJersey..................................................................(609)292-3923NewMexico...............................................................(505)827-4230NewYork....................................................................(518)457-2238NorthCarolina............................................................(919)807-2905NorthDakota..............................................................(701)328-5188Ohio............................................................................(614)644-2246Oklahoma...................................................................(405)528-1500Oregon........................................................................(503)378-3272Pennsylvania...............................................................(742)357-2396PuertoRico.................................................................(787)754-2171RhodeIsland...............................................................(401)222-2438SouthCarolina............................................................(803)734-9614

SouthDakota..............................................................(605)688-4101Tennessee....................................................................(615)741-7036Texas...........................................................................(512)804-4640Utah............................................................................(801)530-6901Vermont......................................................................(802)828-2765Virginia.......................................................................(804)786-6359VirginIslands..............................................................(3

40)772-1315Washington.................................................................(360)902-5638WestVirginia..............................................................(304)558-7890Wisconsin...................................................................(608)266-8579(H)...............................................................................(262)523-3040(S)Wyoming....................................................................(307)777-7786(H)-Health(S)-Safety

OSHAConsultationDirectoryProcessSafetyManagement50StateswithApprovedPlansStatesadministeringtheirownoccupationalsafetyandhealthprogramsthroughplansapprovedundersection18(b)oftheOccupationalSafetyandHealthActof1970mustadoptstandardsandenforcerequirementsthatareatleastaseffectiveasfederalrequirements.Therearecurrently25stateplanstates;23covertheprivateandpublic(stateandlocalgovernment)sectionsand2coverthepublic



sectoronly(ConnecticutandNewYork)CommissionerAlaskaDepartmentofLabor1111West8thStreetRoom304Juneau,AK99801-1149(907)465-2700DirectorIndustrialCommissionofArizona800W.WashingtonPhoenix,AZ85007-2922(602)542-5795DirectorCaliforniaDepartmentofIndustrialRelations455GoldenGateAvenue-10thFloorSanFrancisco,CA94102(415)703-5050CommissionerConnecticutDepartmentofLabor200FollyBrookBoulevardWethersfield,CT06109(203)566-5123

DirectorHawaiiDepartmentofLaborandIndustrialRelations830PunchbowlStreetHonolulu,HI96813(808)586-8844CommissionerIndianaDepartmentofLaborStateOfficeBuilding402WestWashingtonStreetRoomW195Indianapolis,IN46204-2751(317)232-2378

CommissionerIowaDivisionofLaborServices1000E.GrandAvenueDesMoines,IA50319-0209(515)281-3447SecretaryKentuckyLaborCabinet1047U.S.Highway,127South,Suite4Frankfort,KY40601(502)564-307051StateswithApprovedPlans

CommissionerMarylandDivisionofLaborandIndustryDepartmentofLabor,Licensing,andRegulation1100N.EutawStreet,Room613Baltimore,MD21201-2206(410)767-2215Director



MichiganDepartmentofConsumerandIndustryServicesP.O.Box30643Lansing,MI48909-8143(517)322-1814CommissionerMinnesotaDepartmentofLaborandIndustry443LafayetteRoadSt.Paul,MN55155-4307(651)296-2342AdministratorNevadaDivisionofIndustrialRelations400WestKingStreetCarsonCity,NV89710(775)687-3032SecretaryNewMexicoEnvironmentDepartment1190St.FrancisDriveP.O.Box26110SantaFe,NM87502

(505)827-2850CommissionerNewYorkDepartmentofLaborW.AverellHarrimanStateOfficeBuilding-12,Room500Albany,NY12240(518)457-2741CommissionerNorthCarolinaDepartmentofLabor4WestEdentonStreetRaleigh,NC27601-1092(919)807-7166

AdministratorDepartmentofConsumerandBusinessServicesOccupationalSafetyandHealthDivision(OR-OSHA)350WinterStreet,NE,Room430Salem,OR97310-0220(503)378-3272ProcessSafetyManagement52SecretaryPuertoRicoDepartment

ofLaborandHumanResourcesPrudencioRiveraMartinezBuilding505MunozRiveraAvenueHatoRey,PR00918(787)754-2119DirectorSouthCarolinaDepartmentofLabor,Licensing,andRegulation



KogerOfficePark,KingstreeBuilding110CenterviewDriveP.O.Box11329Columbia,SC29210(803)896-4300CommissionerTennesseeDepartmentofLaborAttention:RobertTaylor710JamesRobertsonParkwayNashville,TN37243-0659(615)741-2582CommissionerLaborCommissionofUtah160East300South,3rdFloorP.O.Box146650SaltLakeCity,UT84114-6650(801)530-6898CommissionerVermontDepartmentofLaborandIndustryNationalLifeBuilding-Drawer20NationalLifeDrive

Montpelier,VT05620-3401(802)828-5098CommissionerVirginiaDepartmentofLaborandIndustryPowers-TaylorBuilding13South13thStreetRichmond,VA23219(804)786-2377CommissionerVirginIslandsDepartmentofLabor2203ChurchStreet

ChristianstedSt.Croix,VI00820-4660(340)773-1994DirectorWashingtonDepartmentofLaborandIndustriesP.O.Box44001Olympia,WA98504-4001(360)902-4200StateswithApprovedPlans53AdministratorWorker’sSafetyand

CompensationDivision(WSC)WyomingDepartmentofEmploymentHerschlerBuilding,2ndFloorEast122West25thStreetCheyenne,WY82002(307)777-7786StateswithApprovedPlans54



SinglefreecopiesofthefollowingpublicationscanbeobtainedfromtheOSHAPublicationsOffice,RoomN3101,Washington,DC20210,(202)693-1888.AllAboutOSHA-OSHA2056ChemicalHazardCommunication-OSHA3084ConsultationServicesfortheEmployer-OSHA3047EmployeeWorkplaceRights-OSHA3021HowtoPrepareforWorkplaceEmergencies-OSHA3088OSHAInspections-OSHA2098OSHA:EmployeeWorkplaceRights-OSHA3021PersonalProtectiveEquipment-OSHA3077ProcessSafetyManagementGuidelinesforCompliance-OSHA3133RespiratoryProtection-OSHA3079ProcessSafetyManagementofHighlyHazardousChemicalsStandard,Title29,CodeofFederalRegulations(CFR)Part1910.119(FR57(36):6356-6417,February24,1992).ThiscontainstheactualtextofthePSMrule.ThefollowingitemsareavailablefromtheSuperintendentofDocuments,U.S.GovernmentPrintingOffice,Washington,DC20402,(202)783-3238.OSHA3104HazardCommunication-(Areferenceguidetostepby-steprequirementsoftheOSHAstandard.)GPOOrderNo.029-016-00200-6,$17.00.

RelatedPublicationsRegionI(CT,*MA,ME,NH,RI,VT*)JFKFederalBuildingRoomE-340Boston,MA02203Telephone:(617)565-9860RegionII(NJ,NY,*PR,*VI*)201VarickStreetRoom670NewYork,NY10014Telephone:(212)337-2378

RegionIII(DC,DE,MD,*PA,VA,*WV)TheCurtisCenter-Suite740West170S.IndependenceMallWestPhiladelphia,PA19106-3309Telephone:(215)861-4900RegionIV(AL,FL,GA,KY,*MS,NC,*SC,*TN*)AtlantaFederalCenter61ForsythStreet,SW,Room6T50Atlanta,GA30303Telephone:(404)562-2300

RegionV(IL,IN,*MI,*MN,*OH,WI)230SouthDearbornStreetRoom3244Chicago,IL60604Telephone:(312)353-2220*ThesestatesandterritoriesoperatetheirownOSHA-approvedjobsafetyandhealthprograms(ConnecticutandNewYorkplanscoverpublicemployeesonly).Stateswithapprovedprogramsmusthaveastandardthatisidenticalto,oratleastaseffectiveas,thefederalstandard.



RegionVI(AR,LA,MN,*OK,TX)525GriffinStreetRoom602Dallas,TX75202Telephone:(214)767-4731RegionVII(IA,*KS,MO,NE)CityCenterSquare1100MainStreet,Suite800KansasCity,MO64105Telephone:(816)426-5861RegionVIII(CO,MT,ND,SD,UT,*WY*)1999BroadwaySuite1690Denver,CO80202-5716Telephone:(303)844-1600RegionIX(AmericanSamoa,AZ,*CA,*Guam,HI,*NV,*TrustTerritoriesofthePacific)71StevensonStreet4thFloor

SanFrancisco,CA94105Telephone:(415)975-4310RegionX(AK,*ID,OR,*WA*)1111ThirdAvenueSuite715Seattle,WA98101-3212Telephone:(206)553-5930U.S.DepartmentofLaborOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministrationRegionalOffices