Proceedings of the

Dept. of Architecture and Planning, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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4th Biennale

ICIAP

International Conference on Indonesian Architecture and Planning

Design and Planning in the Disruptive Era

Yogyakarta, Indonesia July 26-27, 2018

Department of Architecture and Planning,

Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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The 4th BIENNALE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDONESIAN ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING

Proceedings of the international conference held in Yogyakarta Between 26-27 of July 2018

Editors : Doddy Aditya Iskandar, MeRSA., Ph.D.

Odilia Renaningtyas M., ST., MA(UD) Rendy Bayu Aditya, S.T., MUP

First Edition | online distribution, September 2018 21 x 29.7 cm; 830 pages ISBN: 978-97998815-8-8 All rights reserved Published by Department of Architecture and Planning, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University

Apart from brief citations with reference, this publication may not be reproduced by any means without the permission of the publisher. Authors are responsible for the quality of the language in their papers. Organizing Committee East Wing Building Department of Architecture and Planning Jalan Grafika No.2 Kampus UGM Yogyakarta 55281 INDONESIA Phone : +62 274 580092 Fax : +62 274 580583 Email : iciap.ft@ugm.ac.id

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4th Biennale

ICIAP International Conference on Indonesian Architecture and Planning

Design and Planning in the Disruptive Era Yogyakarta, Indonesia July 26-27, 2018

Steering Committee Prof. Ir. Bakti Setiawan, MA, Ph.D

Prof. Wiendu Nuryanti, M. Arch, Ph. D Dr. Ir. Achmad Sarwadi, M.Eng

Ir. Ikaputra, M.Eng, Ph.D M. Sani Roychansyah, ST, M.Eng, D.Eng

Scientific Committee

Prof. Yoshiaki Kubota (University of Toyama, Japan) Prof. Shuenn-Ren Liou (National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan)

Dr.Ing. Heru W. Poerbo (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia) Evawani Ellisa, Ph.D (Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia)

Syam Rachma Marcilia, ST., M.Eng., Ph.D. (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Deva Fosterharoldas Swasto, S.T., M.Sc (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

Dr. Dwita Hadi Rahmi (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Dr. Laretna Trisnantari Adishakti (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

Dr. Eng. Agus Hariyadi, S.T., M.Sc (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Dr. Eng. Nedyomukti Imam Syafii, ST., M.Sc (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

Irsyad Adhi Waskita H., ST., M.Sc (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

Organizing Committee Doddy Aditya Iskandar, MeRSA., Ph.D.

Dr. Dyah Titisari Widyastuti, ST., MUDD. Dr. Yori Herwangi, ST., MURP

Atrida Hadianti, ST., M.Sc., Ph.D. Maria Ariadne Dewi Wulansari, ST., MT

Odilia Renaningtyas Manifesty, ST., MA(UD) Rendy Bayu Aditya, ST., MUP.

Alfiandy Ahmad Yunus, ST

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CONTENT

Cover Page i

Committee iii

Foreword iv

Introduction v

Content vi

TOPIC 1: Critical Assessment on the Idea of ‘Disruptive’ and ‘Innovation’

The Commodification of Nusantaran Architecture in Indonesian Tourism: A Pathway to Culture Preservation or Universalism? 2 Diah Asih Purwaningrum and Athina Ardhyanto

Designing Integrated Neighbourhood Market Place as A Strategy of Public Market Revitalization 9 Susy Prajna Sari and Agus S. Ekomadyo

Co-Housing In Developing Country As Strategies For Living Space And Social Needs 16 Rositha Mujica, Alexander Rani Suryandono, Hafiz Nurrahman and Treza Chandra Julian Precast System for Affordable Landed Housing in Indonesia 23 Hafidz Al Mubarok and Andrean Eka Lucianto

From Angkringan to Coworking Space: The Emergence of New Social Spaces for Young People 30 Odilia Renaningtyas Manifesty and Nabila Afif

The Role of Architects in a Multi-client Community Program: The Case of Semarang 37 Ismet Belgawan Harun, Sri Suryani and Stirena Rossy Tamariska

The Implementation Of MOOC Parametric Design As A Teaching Pedagogy For Architecture Student 45 Agus Hariyadi and Nabila Afif

Back to Simple- Disruptive Methods for the Improvement of the Building Performance 52 of the Museum Affandi Ulrike Herbig, Tina Tezarek, Ulrich Pont and Ardeshir Mahdavi

TOPIC 2: Diffusion of (Disruptive) Innovation in Built Environment

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Land Requirements of High-Rise Building in Surabaya City: A Disruptive Review toward Sustainable Urban Development 62 Dian Rahmawati and Kesumaning Dyah Larasati Ride-Sharing Platform’s Effect on the Transportation Movement Pattern in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 70 Ardina Putri Rahtama, Lanthika Atianta and Dwi Aditya Indra Lesmana Malay Wood Carving: The Godang House at Koto Sentajo 77 Gun Faisal, Yohannes Firzal and Indra Kuswoyo Emerging Algorithm Design Approach for Constructing Complex Form with Low Skilled Labor Context 85 Rakhmat Fitranto Aditra and Andry Widyowijatnoko The Implementation of Text Mining on the Study of the Perception of Urban Area 91 Anugrah Sabdono Sudarsono, Ni Putu Amanda Nitidara, Joko Sarwono, Widjaja Martokusumo, Heru W. Poerbo, Michael Djimantoro, Amanda Arifiana and Feysa A. Poetry Aksiku.Bdg: Using Mobile Games to Promote the Youth as Local Change Maker 96 Dewi Shinta Wulan Dini Soebari Putri and Teti Armiati Argo

Study of the Impact of Application-Based Ojek Presence on Urban Spaces in CBD Area Jakarta 104 T. M. Aziz Soelaiman, R. Winton Danardi and Adrianto

Adaptable Space: Transformation of Outdoor Space and Streets to Facilitate Residents’ Needs Post Disaster Settlement 112 Syam Rachma Marcillia Batik Pattern Panel Performance Of Solar Radiation Reduction 119 Alexander Suryandono, Agus Hariyadi and Hiroatsu Fukuda

TOPIC 3: Environmental Issues, Sustainability

Redesign of Melong Area Based on Flood Resilient Urban Design Principles 126 Azka Taujih Robbani, Widjaja Martokusumo and Mochamad Prasetiyo Effendi Yasin

Thermal Comfort Perception of Public Space (Case Study: Zero Kilometer Point, Yogyakarta) 133 Christian Nindyaputra Octarino and Yohanes Satyayoga Raniasta Analysis of Urban Structure Parameters Based on the Climate-Sensitive Design in the Cultural Heritage Site Of Rajawali Surabaya 140 Dini Faza Illiyin, Widjaja Martokusumo and Mochamad Donny Koerniawan

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Thermal Comfort Investigation in Urban Heat Island Area, Open High-rise Building and Compact Low-rise Building Typology Study Case in Surabaya 147 Kety Intana Janesonia, Woerjantari Kartidjo Soedarsono, Mochammad Donny Koerniawan and Astri Isnaini Dewi Optimization Of Spatial Configuration To Make Thermal Comfort Condition In Fort Oranje Public Space In Ternate City 155 Asri A Muhammad, Firdawaty Marasabessy, Arif Kusumawanto and Ardhya Nareswari The Bioregional Planning as Ecology Conservation for Sustainable Living: Jakarta as the Case Study 163 Ayu Larasati

Modeling of Urban Heat Island in Surabaya City 172 Purba Karlengie, Rijanta and Doddy Iskandar Prospect of Sustainable Slum Upgrading in The Peatlands of Kuala Tungkal 180 Nur Aini, Bakti Setiawan and Retno Widodo Dwi Pramono 4 Different Time Segments Of Community Adaptation Strategies In Tambak Lorok, North Semarang: 23 Years Dealing With Rob 187 Nadhila Shabrina, Agam Marsoyo and Deva Fosterharoldas Streets, A Space To Maintain Neighborhood Associations (Case Study : Slum Area Of Semanggi, Surakarta) 193 Dea Karina Putri, Avi Marlina and Ofita Purwani Colors of the Earth: Enhancing the Sustainability of Earth-based Local Materials 200 Paramita Atmodiwirjo, Anak Agung Ayu Suci Warakanyaka and Yandi Andri Yatmo

Cross-cultural Phenomenon: Defining Balinese Traditional Architecture in Chinese Temple Architecture 206 Freddy Hendrawan and Ardina Susanti Span Construction of Bamboo Floor 212 Eugenius Pradipto and Swari Dewanti Hamastuti

TOPIC 4: Globalization and Resilience The Correlation between Urban Compactness and Urban Health in Kawasan Perkotaan Yogyakarta 223 Fatima Putri Prativi and M Sani Roychansyah From Manual to Digital, the Importance of Social Media in Promoting the Artwork of Architectural Design in Disruption Era 231 Ngakan Ketut Acwin Dwijendra and Made Vairagya Yogantari Regional Resilience Index of Climate Change in the Special Region of Yogyakarta 239 Faricha Kurniadhini, Amar Ma'Ruf Zarkawi and Sumartini

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The Effect of Slum Upgrading Programs on Resilience of Riverside Settlement in Banjarmasin City 245 Yunisari Dahliani, Bakti Setiawan and Retno Widodo Dwi Pramono

TOPIC 5: Governance, Regionalism, Management Study on Inter-Agency Relationship under One Map Policy: Does Open Data Policy Enhance the Growth of Innovations or Disruption? 254 Adipandang Yudono, Chintia Dewi and Mulyanto Darmawan

Conceptual Framework of Decision Support System (DSS) for Visual Quality Evaluation of Urban Streetscape Based on Public Preferences 263 Herry Santosa, Jenny Ernawati and Lisa Dwi Wulandari Learning from Banyuwangi Poverty Reduction Strategy Innovation in Gerbang Hebat Program of Semarang City Government 271 Lillah Haulah and Landung Esariti The Role of Tourism Sector to Regional Economic In the Disruptive Era, Case Special Region of Yogyakarta 278 Riswandha Risang Aji, Retno Widodo Dwi Pramono and Dwita Hadi Rahmi Acceleration of Land Acquisition Process to Support Infrastructure Development 284 Ganang Prakoso

TOPIC 6: Historic Preservation, Space and Place Adjusting the Past for the Future within the Era of Disruption. Authenticity and Integrity Revisited 293 Widjaja Martokusumo, Arif Sarwo Wibowo and Athina Ardhyanto Reading Social Media Data Using Place Attachment Approach for Developing Malioboro District 300 Sushardjanti Felasari, Nimas Sekarlangit, Sinta Dewi and Djoko Setyohadi Designing Public Library as an Urban Community Place Adinda Yuwono and Agus Ekomadyo Evoking Traditions and Creating Uniqueness: Traditional Settlements and Tourism in Disruptive Era 308 I Dewa Gede Agung Diasana Putra The Transformation of Shape Imagery of Gorga in Toba Batak Houses 316 Yulianto

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The Perception of Tourist toward the Quality Product of Tourism Destination: Fort Rotterdam, Makassar 324 Gusniyati Buhari, Diananta Pramitasari and Ahmad Saifullah Trilogy Masjid, Pesareyan, and Kauman as Spatial Core and Identity of Dongkelan Kauman Settlements 331 Lutfi Setianingrum, Sudaryono Sastrosasmito and M. Sani Roychansyah The Role Quality of Place to Support People's Capability in Cultural- Creative Tourism Village 340 Zilda Dona Okta Permata, Retno Widodo D. Pramono Community Disruption And Adaptation: The Role Of The Street As A Social Place In Informal Settlements In The Era Of Motorised Transport 348 Jimly Al Faraby

The Form and Transformation of the Church by Mangunwijaya 357 Sotaro Kikuchi and Dimas Ikaputra Transformation of Balinese traditional village architecture: The case of Tenganan Pageringsingan 364 Dwita Hadi Rahmi

TOPIC 7: Historical Perspectives on Cities, Urban Areas

Study Sustainability Aspect of Colonial Building as Adaptation of Tropical Climate in Indonesia (Case study: Pasar Johar Semarang and Pasar Gede Surakarta) 372 Dindha Nirmalasari and Suhendri Suhendri Potential of Semarang Old Town as Tourist District 378 Mia Amelia Suryani and Ikaputra

Revitalization of Chinese Settlement Area in Lasem Jawa Tengah 387 Stefy Prasasti Anggraini, Laretna T. Adhisakti and Dwita Hadi Rahmi

Urban Development and Heritage Conservation towards Integrated Conservation Planning: case of The Historic City of Medan 393 Isnen Fitri, Amy Marisa and Ratna Control Implementation in Preservation of Heritage Buildings in Yogyakarta City, Case Study: Demolition of Vocational High School of Taman Ibu and House of Tjan Bian Thiong 400 Risa Risdiasari, Deva Fosterharoldas Swasto and Leksono Probosubanu

TOPIC 8: Housing, Neighborhoods, Community Development

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Low-Income Housing Demand in Jakarta Peri-Urban Areas 408 Diva Teguh Respati and Komara Djaja Neighborhood Space Design for Candi Indah Residential In Yogyakarta 419 Gabriella Natalingrum Nugrahanto, Ahmad Sarwadi and Didik Kristiadi Physical Element Of Wayfinding Factor At Nogotirto Housing, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta 425 Reno Riandru, Prof Ir Yoyok Wahyu Subroto, Syam Rachma Marcilia, ST., M.Eng., Ph.D

Settlement transformation: Dealing with Unplanned Development Settlement in Cirata Reservoir Area 432 Agustinus Adib Abadi, Titus Adi Kurniawan and Anastasia Astrid Ronauly Ethnodevelopment In The Context Of Special Autonomy In Papua Province 438 Yannice Sitorus, Arief Rosyidie, Suhirman and Hastu Prabatmodjo Participatory Design and Community Empowerment in Fashion Village Lab, Cigondewah, Indonesia 445 Dewi Shinta Soebari Putri and Aji Bima Amalsyah Diverting the Current: Cultural Trajectories of River Dwelling in Jakarta Metropolis 452 Sri Suryani and Wahyu Kusuma Astuti Spatial Characteristic Urban Residential Area in Military City: Stability Vs Uncertainty. The Case Study of Cimahi 458 Agustinus Adib Abadi, Syaiful Achmad Lathif, Stirena Rossy Tamariska and Aldissain Jurizat Decoding Indonesian Millennials Traits as Variables In Assessing Millennials Living Preferences In Apartment 464 Laras Primasari and Angela Christysonia Tampubolon Evoking Traditions and Creating Uniqueness: Traditional Settlements and Tourism in Disruptive Era 471 I Dewa Gede Agung Diasana Putra Evaluating the factors of millennials’ housing choice in Jakarta Metropolitan Region 479 Atika Almira, Fathina Izmi Nugrahanti and Dibja Kusyala Empowering the Poor in Urban Kampong Settlements by Intensifying Stakeholder Collaboration in Creating Development Plan 487 Paulus Bawole, Haryati Sutanto and Winarna –

The Role of Apartment Growth in Bekasi to The Formation of Metropolitan Spatial Structure 494 Desy Novita Sari and Retno Widodo Dwi Pramono Characteristics of Social Space around PT. Indah Kiat Pulp and Paper Perawang Mill, Siak Regency 500

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Rizki Zarli Humairah, Rijanta and Doddy Aditya Iskandar Settlement Vulnerability Aspect in Slum Upgrading Program of Ambon City 508 Wilhelmina Musila, Retno Widodo Dwi Pramono and Dwita Hadi Rahmi Model of Women’s Participation in Implementation of Slum Upgrading Program at Kebonsari Village, Pasuruan City 515 Aninda Yulian Pritasari, Bakti Setiawan and Retno Widodo Dwi Pramono A Study on Spatial Characteristics of Home-Based Enterprises’s Kampung Kota. Case Study: Squatter Dwelling Kampung Kenteng, Semanggi, Surakarta 522 Kusumaningdyah Handayani and Amalia Ji Darmastuti A Study on Circulation-Usage Alteration at Kampung Pakuncen, Gampingan, Yogyakarta 532 Agustinus Wisnu Wardana, Rendra Kusuma Berlianto and Kusumaningdyah Nurul Handayani Satu Simbah Concept As The Foundation Of Kampung Morisan 543 Cut Khusnul Khotimah, Sudaryono Sastrosasmito and M. Sani Roychansyah

TOPIC 9: Infrastructure Networks, Transport, Basic Urban Services Current Situation and Problem Solving of Intersection Saturated in Urban Street 552 Imma Widyawati Agustin Problems in Improving the Road’s Level of Service in Urban Road 560 Septiana Hariyani and Imma Widyawati Agustin Intermoda As Container Transportation Alternative in Indonesia 568 Donie Aulia, Ibnu Syabri, Puspita Dirgahayani and Pradono Pradono Design Guideline for Urban Settlement along The Railway Line on Kebonharjo Semarang based on The Noise Impact of Railway Line Crossing 576 Isti Nugroho and Dyah Titisari Widyastuti The Impact of the Purbaleunyi Toll Road towards Socio-Economic Development In West Java 583 Zeis Zultaqawa, Benny Alexandri and Donie Aulia

The Readiness People of Semarang City Toward A Model For Building License (IMB) Online 588 Ragil Haryanto and Bagus Nuari Controlling Core Urbanism In The Corridor Of Surabaya – Sidoarjo Using A Road’s Level of Service Approach 595 Budi Sugiarto Waloejo, Fauzan Roziqin and Imma Widyawati Agustin

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The Role of Apartment Growth in Bekasi to the Formation of Metropolitan Spatial Structure Desy Novita Sari and Retno Widodo Dwi Pramono 604 Evaluating Brawijaya Terminal’s service performance using Importance Performance Analysis 611 Dadang Meru Utomo, Budi Sugiarto Waloeja and Refi Ardianata

Sustainability Assessment of Engineering Faculty UGM Complex through Floor Area Ratio and Operational Energy Analysis Using Urban Modeling Interface Simulation 617 Arif Kusumawanto, Fadhilla Tri Nugrahaini and Mega Setyowati

TOPIC 10: Land use, Growth Management, Development, Planning The Impact Of Land Use Regulation On Land Values: Case Study Of Ngaglik 625 District, Indonesia A Yunastiawan Eka Pramana and Datuk Ary Adriansyah Samsura Colonial City Pattern In Indonesia Using Depth Calculation: Introduction To 634 Study Ratio On Master Plan Using DepthMapX Pindo Tutuko, Nurhamdoko Bonifacius and Dani Yuniawan Socio-Spatial Disintegration: The Influence Of Semarang-Solo Toll Road To 642 Local-Dis-Connection (Case Study: Kandangan Village, Bawen, Indonesia) Susiyowati Indah Ayuni and S Sariffuddin Territorial Ordering Program As A Basis For Designing An Oceanic Fishing 650 Port Rafi Mentari, Paramita Atmodiwirjo and Yandi Andri Yatmo

Transactive Planning and Transfer Knowledge between Transfer Agents within 656 Local Development Muhammad Taufiq, Benedictus Kombaitan and Suhirman Growing Sprawl: Leapfrog Development In Kendari From 2000 – 2016 663 Fikrani Asha and Agam Marsoyo

Transformation of Space in Balige, Province of Sumatera Utara, Indonesia 669 Morida Siagi

TOPIC 11: Theorizing Local and Regional Disruptive Innovation

Connecting Global Market and Local Potential through Designing Heritage 678 Port. Case: International Cruise Port in Probolinggo Addina Nur Amalia and Agus S. Ekomadyo Theorizing Inspiration: Learning from Creative Process of Indonesian 686 Architects Tulus Widiarso, Baskoro Tedjo and Himasari Hanan

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Maintaining Local Wisdom In Home Base Hospitality Case Study: Bed And 694 Breakfast In Yogyakarta Wulan Maharani, Ofita Purwani, Titis Pitana and Hardiyati

TOPIC 12: Urban Design, Urban Architecture Visual Image of Physical Traditional Elements as an Identity of Local 702 Arhitecture in Penglipuran Village Bali Agus S Sadana, Ashri Prawesthi D and Cynthia Puspitasari Study on the Quality of Streetscape in Pasar Gede Area, Surakarta 708 Tri Palupi and Dyah Titisari Widyastuti Measuring Cultural Vitality Level as a Basis for Development Guidance of Chinese Settlement in Karangturi, Lasem 714 Yohana Aneke and M. Sani Roychansyah Study on Walkability of University Campus Area, Case: Demangan Baru 721 Yogyakarta Muhamad Faisal Paani and Dyah Titisari Widyastuti Study On Livability Quality Of Public Open Space In Banjir Kanal Barat Normalization Area Involving The Role Of Visitors In Facing Disruptive Era 726 Dhipo Achmad Hartono and M. Sani Roychansyah Correlation between Urban Compactness Level and Urban Creativity Level In Yogyakarta City 731 May Larasati and M. Sani Roychansyah The Role Of Transition And Thresholds In Creating Public Space Quality 738 Julia Dewi and Martin Pratama Sight and Sound in Designing the Urban Space 745 Heru Poerbo, Widjaja Martokusumo and Anugrah Sabdono Sudarsono The Impact of Langsa Townsquare Existence for Langsa Central Business District Vitality 752 Almira Raissa, Wahyu Utami and Amy Marisa Revealing Significant but Unpredictable Domestic Qualities of Urban Architecture for Children by Framing Method 758 Afifah Karimah, Paramita Atmodiwirjo and Yandi Andri Yatmo The Old Urban Spatial of Banda Aceh through the Historical Approach 765 Marisa Hajrina, Wahyu Utami and Imam Faisal Pane

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Re-imaging Historical Identity and Urban Culture in Alun-Alun Malang using Disruptive-Revival Innovation’s Design Method, to Establish New Identity of Urban Space and Revitalization of Public Space 773 Firmansyah and Ira Prayuni

The Incompatibility of Window Placement to the User's Seeing Experience: 781 A Case Study in Healthcare Environment Maria Myron Charlotta Sengke, Yandi Andri Yatmo and Paramita Atmodiwirjo Correlation between Urban Compactness Level And Urban Safety Level 789 In Yogyakarta City Riana Desi Putri Ratmawati and M.Sani Roychansyah

TOPIC 13: Urban Disaster Planning, Management, Cities and National Security Factors Affecting Vulnerability to Flood Risk (Case Study: Flood Risk 799 In Balikpapan City) Ariyaningsih Ariyaningsih Land Development Control Instruments in Surabaya: How is the Relevance 806 in Making a Resilient City Kesumaning Dyah Larasati and Eko Budi Santoso

Concept of Spatial Planning To Reduce Earthquake Risk in Aceh Province 813 Rizki Kirana Yuniartanti, Tiara Sartika Worowirasmi and Bintang Septiarani Social and Economic Measurement of Urban Kampung Resilience 823 Imelda Irmawati Damanik, Bakti Setiawan, M. Sani Roychansyah and Sunyoto Usman

Proceeding 4th ICIAP: Design and Planning in Disruptive Era

Designing integrated neighbourhood market place as astrategy of public market revitalization

Susy Prajna Sari1 and Agus S. Ekomadyo2

1Undergraduates of architecture, Bandung Institute of Technology, Ganesha no.10,Bandung 40132, Indonesia2Associate Professor in Architectural Design Research Group, Bandung Institute ofTechnology, Ganesha no.10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia

E-mail: sprajnasari@gmail.com

Abstract. Public market, also known as traditional market in Indonesia, has important rolesand potentials in motivating economic development of the country. However, appalling qualityof public market in Indonesia makes people unwilling to go to public market. The appearanceof modern market such as minimarket and supermarket which offers better quality of shoppingexperience disrupted the existence of public markets. Therefore, attempts to improve thequality of public market itself are needed by revitalizing the existing public market. Throughissue-based architectural design approach, this paper tries to propose a revitalization strategy torevive the activities in neighbourhood public market by designing a marketplace integratedwith the neighbourhood context. The strategy will be delivered in 3 main design concepts:building mass concept is translated by the basic shape of the building, adaption to site rules,and placement of building entrance; space zoning concept is translated by providing communalspace to realize market as a public space; and building façade concept is translated bydesigning a context-friendly façade to blend with the neighbourhood. By integrating publicmarket to community facilities, it is hoped social activities of community can increase marketlife intensity, as a part of public market revitalization.

Keywords: revitalization, public market, integrated, redesign, neighbourhood, communal

1. IntroductionIn this modern era, disruption happens in many life sectors. Clayton Christensen, a Harvard BusinessSchool professor, said that disruption occurs in market, industry, and technology and producesomething new efficiently. Disruption also closely related to innovation in making new products ornew markets.

The declining existence of public market in Indonesia is actually an example of disruption. Asidefrom the horrible quality of public market itself, the appearance of modern market such as minimarketand supermarket which offers better quality of shopping experiences currently has disrupted theexistence of public market. Modern market which offers convenience and comfort makes modernmarket becomes a leisure activities destination for most of people. A.C. Nielsen survey result in 2013shows that modern market grows 35.1% each year with turnover around Rp 2.5 trillion while publicmarket growth decrease to 8.1% each year with turnover around Rp 9.1 million.

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Public market, also known as traditional market in Indonesia, has important roles and potentials inmotivating economic development. Based on the Trade Ministry of Indonesia Republic’s data, around12.6 million people depend their life on public market (traders, distributors, customers, administrator,etc). Fundamentally, the existence of public market in Indonesia begins with barter transactions andinteractions amongst people in an area without specific space or building. This makes public marketbasically has strong historical value and connection with the area and the people. Abundant variety ofproducts sold with affordable price is also a superiority of public market. Public market has providednew employments for society besides fulfill their daily needs. However, the fact now shows thatpublic market begins to be abandoned by society.

Public market in Indonesia currently is in horrible conditions especially in building infrastructure.Soiled, cluttered, moist, stink, uncomfortable and unsafe are public market bad images. The appallingquality of public market leads society, particularly young adults, unwilling to go shopping at publicmarket. The numbers of public market in Indonesia also continues to decline based on data fromIndonesia Market Traders Association (Ikatan Pedagang Pasar Indonesia) which shows that thenumber of public market drops dramatically from 13,540 to 9,950 units in four years (2007-2011).

Revitalizing public market is actually one of the Indonesian government program to improve thequality of public market in Indonesia. Adaptation is needed not only for the public market itself, butalso for the revitalization concept. The purpose of this paper is trying to propose a revitalizationconcept by designing public market integrated with the surroundings context as a strategy to revivepublic market activity. The concept then will be delivered in an architectural design.

2. MethodThe project is conducted by two stages of research. The first stage is literature review and the secondis design analysis. The result of the two stages then will be delivered in design concept throughsimulation.

The first stage is a study of literature review about public market regulation in Indonesia since it isunder the government policy. In order to create a new concept of public market images, an extensivestudy is also conducted by observation to existing public market, other public markets as references,interview and site survey to the existing neighborhood. The result from the first stage will be used fordesign analysis.

The second stage is design analysis based on the study results from the previous stage. The issue inthe existing public market is used as design issue that has to be solved by design. In this stage, someactivities to boost creativity such as users simulation, design workshop, and 3D simulation was beingconducted in order to get the suitable concepts for the issue.

2.1. Case studyThe case was taken in Sawah Barat public market, a daily neighbourhood market in East Jakarta,Indonesia. It is located in Kelurahan Duren Sawit in the middle of a medium-low neighbourhood.Sawah Barat public market is a traditional market which sell people daily needs such as vegetables,fruits, meats, clothes, textile, food, plastics, etc. Based on Rules of Trade Ministry number 37/M-DAG/PER/5/2017 about guidelines and management of trade distribution facilities, Sawah Baratpublic market included in public market type A with 200-250 traders and/or minimum area 3,000 sqm.Sawah Barat public market is in horrible condition of building infrastructure since its last renovationin 1997 and included in DKI Jakarta’s government revitalization plan. The total area of Sawah Baratpublic market is around 3,948 sqm with 180 traders.

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Figure 1. Existing public market from the main entrance Figure 2. Existing condition inside

3. Analysis and Description

3.1. Site analysisSawah Barat public market located at Jalan Cempaka, Kelurahan Duren Sawit, East Jakarta with landboundaries: Jalan Antasena(north), Jalan Cempaka Raya(east), Jalan Cempaka V(west), JalanCempaka IV(south). Based on spatial and regional plans of Jakarta, Sawah Barat public market is inthe trading and service area with maximum 50% building coverage ratio (BCR), minimum 2.00 floorcoverage ratio, minimum 30% green coverage ratio, and 4 meters set back building in every side ofsite. The site topography is relatively flat. The climate condition of the location is humid tropical withaverage temperature of 27⁰c and average rainfall of 2,000 mm per year.

Figure 3. Site location on maps (source:process from maps.google.co.id, 2018)

Figure 4. Site analysis illustration

3.2. Design analysis

3.2.1. User analysis. Based on the direct observation to the location, the public market is located inthe middle of a middle-low settlements where the kinship within neighbours is relatively strong. Theusers of Sawah Barat public market can be categorized into 5 types of user: buyers/visitors, traders,market managers, deliverymen, and dustmen. Since Sawah Barat public market is a neighbourhoodmarket, users of the market basically are society of Kelurahan Duren Sawit and mostly are adults. Forthe society itself, there are many kids in the neighbourhood who come to the market to play in theparking field or play at the street since there is no public space in the settlement. There are also localcommunities in Kelurahan Duren Sawit who engaged in education field.

3.2.2. Activities analysis. The main activity in public market is buying and selling activity. Thebuying-selling activity in public market has a characteristic that differentiate it from other places, it isthe bargaining process. Spaces have to be prepared to support the bargaining process to createcomfortable sense for the users. Besides buying-selling activity, there are also other supportingactivities such as loading activities, management and security, and service activities which needdistinctive separation from the main activities. In addition, the determination of other activities that

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can be done in a public market will be determined based on the needs of the users, in this case is theneighbours.

3.2.3. Public market functional requirements. In Indonesia, public market functional requirements isregulated by the government in Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Based on SNI 8152:2015 aboutpublic market, there are general requirements and technical requirements. The general requirementscontrol health and hygiene of public market facilities. The technical requirements control the standardof trading facilities, accessibilities and zoning in public market, general facilities regulation, elementsstandard of building, building safety, and lighting and air standard.

4. Design Concept

4.1. Design approachThis paper used Duerk’s issues-based architecture programming (2003) as design approach. Theapproach starts with issues, goals, requirements formulation of public market then will be delivered ona design concept (Ekomadyo & Hidayatsyah, 2012:2). The formulation of issues, goals, requirementsand concepts achieved by conducting analysis on users, activities, and regulations.

4.2. Design issues and goalsBased on scientific paper titled “Isu, Tujuan, dan Kriteria Perancangan Pasar Tradisional” publicmarket design mission generally is providing comfortable and accessible places, and providing socialinteraction for economic and social activities. Public market becomes a place for communities todevelop (Ekomadyo & Hidayatsyah, 2012:4).

The previous analysis are used to conclude design issues. From the previous site analysis, the mainissues are optimizing accesibility and permeability, harmonizing with the neighbourhood, andeffective natural lighting and ventilation. The main issues from the previous user analysis aredesigning a public market compatible for all users and creating simple circulation and easyaccesibility. The main issues from the activities analysis is providing comfortable spaces for economicand social activities of the users. The issues then are concluded into one design mission: create anintegrated neighbourhood market place which able to provide the neighbourhood needs in social,economic, and cultural aspects. The mission is a strategy to revive the public market activities.

Figure 5. Design framework illustration

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4.3. Design conceptThe design concept for this case is designing a neighbourhood market place integrated with thesurroundings by consolidating public market activities and social activities to make Sawah Baratpublic market as a central activity place and part of society’s life. Sawah Barat public market as aneighbourhood market place is not only able to provide society’ daily products, but also able toaccommodate neighbourhood social activities. This concept is obtained from the study results of theexisting neighbourhood that the sense of community in the neighbours is still extant, yet there is noavailable space for the community to interact. The idea is to provide space for people to interact in themarket (public market as central activities for the neighbourhood) as the mission is to revive publicmarket activities.

The concept will be delivered in three main designs below. This concept was gathered based on theresult of data analysis directly from the site location, interview with the neighbours, and designworkshop to find the most suitable concept and design based on the issue.

4.3.1. Massing concept. The integrated neighbourhood market place concept is delivered in thebuilding mass design. There are three main massing concept: the basic shape of the mass, response tosetback building, and the placement of building entrance point. The basic shape of the building mass istaken from the shape of the site with 10 m setback on the west side to provide parking field, 8 msetback on the north side for garbage dump area and loading area, and 4 m setback on the remains side(1,2). In the middle of the building mass will be used as an inner open space as food court and to makethe building mass less massive (3). There will be three entrance points of the building placed at eachintersection road since it is the busiest point (4). The total floor of the building are 3 floors with splitlevel floor system and open space area on the top level (5).

Figure 6. Setback building Figure 7. Basic shape ofbuilding mass

Figure 8. Open space in themiddle of the building mass

Figure 9. Three entrance points Figure 10. Placement of open space

4.3.2. Outdoor and indoor concept. Sawah Barat public market as a public space needs to havefacilitations that support activities for the neighbours. At the outdoor area, the main entrance of thebuilding will have plaza for society to held public events such as night market, fair, bazaar andfestival, competition event, gymnastic activities, etc. For the indoor area, public market activities arealocated in the first and second floor. The third floor is for communal and public activities such asmanagement office, multipurpose room, class rooms, and public open space with its own verticalaccess. The design uses a flowing circulation with no dead end and split level floor system to create aneasy vertical access.

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Figure 11. Outdoor spaces concept Figure 12. Sectional illustration

Figure 13. Sectional cut illustration shows split level floor system

4.3.3. Building façade concept. The integrated neighbourhood market place concept also be realizedin the building façade. The façade concept taken from one of well-known Japanese architect principle,Kengo Kuma, that design should “be friends with the surroundings”. There are 2 types of the façade:vertical façade and horizontal façade. The façade functions as shading from direct sunlight to reduceglare in the building. Material of the façade uses concrete wood with brown gradation colours to createa natural environment and friendly look for the market place with the neighbourhood.

Figure 14. Building façade design

5. ConclusionThe success of a public market revitalization determined by the crowd at the market place byeconomic and social activities. Revitalizing physical infrastructure contributes to create comfortableand proper spaces for users. From the discussion above, it can be concluded that revitalizing physicalinfrastructure of a market place should also consider the surroundings context. Research and analysisabout the surroundings are needed to know what is needed by the neighborhood. It can be used as astrategy to revive the activity in the market by providing facilitation that support the neighborhoodactivities.

In this case study, the context of Sawah Barat public market is neighborhood market place. Torevive the market activities, the strategy is by combining the society daily activities with marketactivities in one market place. The strategy is realized by providing social facilities such as plaza,public open space, multipurpose room, and other rooms for the society. The key is to make Sawah

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Barat public market as part of society life. By integrating public market to community facilities, it ishoped social activities of community can increase market life intensity, as a part of public marketrevitalization.

References[1] Djumantri, H. M. Pasar tradisional: ruang untuk masyarakat tradisional yang semakin

terpinggirkan[2] Duerk, D.P. 1993 Architectural Programming (New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold)[3] Ekomadyo, Agus S., Kustiani and Herjuno Aditya 2013 Aspek arsitektur kota dalam

perancangan pasar tradisional Prosiding Temu Ilmiah IPLBI 2013 (Makassar)[4] Ekomadyo, Agus S. and Sutan Hidayatsyah 2012 Isu, tujuan, dan kriteria perancangan pasar

tradisional Prosiding Temu Ilmiah IPLBI 2012 (Bandung)[5] Ekomadyo, Agus S., Atya Zahra and Isan Najmi 2012 Public Market as Urban Social Nodes:

An Architectural Phenomenology Approach Arte-polis 4 International Conference CreativeConnectivity and the Making of Place: Living Smart by Design (Bandung) pp 169

[6] Sarwoko, Endi 2008 Dampak keberadaan pasar modern terhadap kinerja pedagang pasartradisional di wilayah Kabupaten Malang Jurnal Ekonomi Modernisasi 4 pp 97 – 115

[7] Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 2015 SNI 8152:2015 tentang Pasar Rakyat

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