Upload
percy
View
45
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Principles of Memory Organization in the Monkey Medial Temporal Lobe. Wendy A. Suzuki Center for Neural Science New York University. 30-60%. 18-29%. 5-17%.
Citation preview
Principles of Memory Organization in the Monkey Medial Temporal Lobe
Wendy A. Suzuki Center for Neural Science
New York University
24/25/32Pi
Ia
Id
Ig
Frontal Lobe Temporal Lobe InsularCortex
CingulateGyrus
ParietalLobe
V4
23/29/30
7a/LIP
STSd STG
TE
STSv
TEO
11/1246
13
DG
SubHPC
30-60%18-29%5-17%<5%
Entorhinal
ParahippocampalPerirhinal
Suzuki and Amaral, 1994
Take Home Message:• All structures of the MTL appear to
provide a similar complement of associative learning-related signals.
24/25/32Pi
Ia
Id
Ig
Frontal Lobe Temporal Lobe InsularCortex
CingulateGyrus
ParietalLobe
V4
23/29/30
7a/LIP
STSd STG
TE
STSv
TEO
11/1246
13
DG
SubHPC
30-60%18-29%5-17%<5%
Entorhinal
ParahippocampalPerirhinal
Suzuki and Amaral, 1994
Take Home Message:• All structures of the MTL appear to provide a
similar complement of associative learning-related signals.
• There appears to be a conditionally dynamic relationship between different MTL structures such that depending on task demands different MTL structure can either contribute in similar/cooperative ways or in more clearly distinct way to mnemonic functions.
Location-Scene Association TaskGaffan (1994), Murray and Wise (1996), Murray et. al., (1998)
+ ++New Scenes
(n = 2-4)
Fixation/Baseline(300 ms)
Scene/TargetPresentation
(500 ms)
Delay(700 ms)
Eye MovementResponse
Pro
babi
lity
Cor
rect
0 10 20 30 40 500
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Behavioral Learning Curve and Delay Activity Over Time to Scene 653 R
esponse (Spikes/S
ec)
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
Baseline Activity
Trials C110600.4 Wirth et al., 2003
Pro
babi
lity
Cor
rect
Behavioral Learning Curve and Delay Activity Over Time to Scene 386 R
esponse (Spikes/S
ec)
Trials
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Wirth et al., 2003
2 Categories of Changing Cells
A. Sustained Changing cells: 56% of all changing cells
B. Baseline Sustained Changing cells: 44% of all changing cells
What about the Perirhinal cortex?
Yanike et al., 2008, In press
Selective
Hippocampus(n = 2 monkeys)
89/145 (61 %)
Changing Cells
25/89 (28%)
Sustained
Baseline Sustained
PR Cortex(n = 2 monkeys)
83/128 (65 %)
26/83 (31%)
8/26 (31%)
18/26 (69%)
14/25 (56%) 11/25 (44%)
Yanike et al., 2008, In press
Early
Late Early
Late+
+ +
+
Object 1 Object 2
Place 1
Place 2
Object-Place Association Task
Wirth et al, 2009
Fixation500ms
Cue500ms
Delay700ms
Early500ms
Late500ms
Reward ITI2000ms
++ ++ ++ ++ ++
Bar Release Period
Fixation500ms
Cue500ms
Delay700ms
Early500ms
Late500ms
Reward ITI2000ms
++ ++ ++ ++ ++
Bar Release Period
Fixation500ms
Cue500ms
Delay700ms
Early500ms
++ ++ ++ ++Reward
Release
Fixation500ms
Cue500ms
Delay700ms
Early500ms
Late500ms
++ ++ ++ ++ ++ Release No Reward
ITI
ITI
Correct Trial
Incorrect Trial
Wirth et al, 2009
50% are outcome-selective
Do hippocampal cells differentiate between correct and error trials?
Time from Release (ms)
-500 0 500 1000 1500
Nor
mal
ized
Firi
ng R
ate
(Spi
kes/
Sec
)
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Time from Release (ms)
-500 0 500 1000 1500
Nor
mal
ized
Firi
ng r
ate
(Spi
kes/
Sec
)-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12 CorrectError
CorrectError
N=16 N=18
A B
Correct Up CellsN = 30
Error Up CellsN = 38
Wirth et al, 2009
A
Time from Release or Random Drop (ms)-500 0 500 1000 1500 2000
Spi
kes/
Sec
0
5
10
15
20
25
Correct
Error
Random reward
B
Lat
enc
ies
(ms)
0
200
400
600
800
Standard Delayedwith Sound
DelayedNo Sound
*
Wirth et al, 2009
++ + ++
Fixation500ms
Cue500ms
Delay700ms
Reward ITI2000ms
Fixation500ms
Cue500ms
Delay700ms
Early500ms
Late500ms
Reward ITI2000ms
++ ++ ++ ++ ++
Bar Release Period
Standard Trials
Fixation Only Trials
Time from Release (ms)
-500 0 500 1000 1500
Nor
mal
ized
Firi
ng R
ate
(Spi
kes/
Sec
)
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Time from Release (ms)
-500 0 500 1000 1500
Nor
mal
ized
Firi
ng r
ate
(Spi
kes/
Sec
)-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12 CorrectError
CorrectError
N=16 N=18
A B
Correct Up CellsN = 30
Error Up CellsN = 38
Wirth et al, 2009
++ + ++
Fixation500ms
Cue500ms
Delay700ms
Reward ITI2000ms
Fixation500ms
Cue500ms
Delay700ms
Early500ms
Late500ms
Reward ITI2000ms
++ ++ ++ ++ ++
Bar Release Period
Standard Trials
Fixation Only Trials
Time from Trial End (ms)
-500 0 500 1000 1500
Firi
ng R
ate
(Spi
kes/
Sec
)
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Time from End of Fixation (ms)
-500 0 500 1000 1500F
iring
Rat
e (S
pike
s/S
ec)
0
10
20
30
40Completed FixationBreake Fixation
N=9N=13 Rewarded TrialsOmit
A B
Wirth et al, 2009
Time from Release (ms)
-500 0 500 1000 1500
Nor
mal
ized
Firi
ng R
ate
(Spi
kes/
Sec
)
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Time from Release (ms)
-500 0 500 1000 1500
Nor
mal
ized
Firi
ng r
ate
(Spi
kes/
Sec
)-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12 CorrectError
CorrectError
N=16 N=18
A B
Correct Up CellsN = 30
Error Up CellsN = 38
Wirth et al, 2009
Early
Late Early
Late+
+ +
+
Object 1 Object 2
Place 1
Place 2
Object-Place Association Task
Wirth et al, 2009
Fixation500ms
Cue500ms
Delay700ms
Early500ms
Late500ms
Reward ITI2000ms
++ ++ ++ ++ ++
Bar Release Period
Fixation500ms
Cue500ms
Delay700ms
Early500ms
Late500ms
Reward ITI2000ms
++ ++ ++ ++ ++
Bar Release Period
Sessions without learning
BEFORE AFTERS
elec
tivity
Inde
x
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65CORRECT UPERROR UPCONTROL
Sessions with learning
BEFORE AFTER
Sel
ectiv
ity In
dex
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65CORRECT UPERROR UPCONTROL
*
Sessions without learning
Differential Selectivity
-0.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9
Inci
denc
es (
perc
enta
ge o
f ca
ses)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
A B
C DSessions with learning
Differential Selectivity
-0.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9
Inci
denc
es (
perc
enta
ge o
f ca
ses)
0
10
20
30
40
Control cellsError up cellsCorrect up cells
Control cellsError up cellsCorrect up cells
Wirth et al, 2009
24/25/32Pi
Ia
Id
Ig
Frontal Lobe Temporal Lobe InsularCortex
CingulateGyrus
ParietalLobe
V4
23/29/30
7a/LIP
STSd STG
TE
STSv
TEO
11/1246
13
DG
SubHPC
30-60%18-29%5-17%<5%
Entorhinal
ParahippocampalPerirhinal
Suzuki and Amaral, 1994
Take Home Message:• All structures of the MTL appear to provide a
similar complement of associative learning-related signals.
• There appears to be a conditionally dynamic relationship between different MTL structures such that depending on task demands different MTL structure can either contribute in similar/cooperative ways or in more clearly distinct way to mnemonic functions.
Temporal Order Task
0.3 s 0.9 s 0.3 s 0.5 s0.4 s
1.0 s > 4.0 s
Encoding Phase
Retrieval Phase
1st Cue 2nd Cue
1st Choice 2nd Choice
SmallReward
LargeReward
0.7-1.5 s
Pre-responseDelay
Inter-phaseDelay
Naya and Suzuki, SFN 2008
24/25/32Pi
Ia
Id
Ig
Frontal Lobe Temporal Lobe InsularCortex
CingulateGyrus
ParietalLobe
V4
23/29/30
7a/LIP
STSd STG
TE
STSv
TEO
11/1246
13
DG
SubHPC
30-60%18-29%5-17%<5%
Entorhinal
ParahippocampalPerirhinal
Suzuki and Amaral, 1994
Findings
• The most stimulus selective response are found in area TE and the perirhinal cortex.
• Perirhinal cortex has the strongest proportion of order and stimulus selective responses
• The hippocampus has the highest proportion of trial outcome selective responses.
Take Home Message:• All structures of the MTL appear to provide a
similar complement of associative learning-related signals.
• There appears to be a conditionally dynamic relationship between different MTL structures such that depending on task demands different MTL structure can either contribute in similar/cooperative ways or in more clearly distinct way to mnemonic functions.
Sylvia WirthMarianna Yanike
Emin Avsar
Eric Hargreaves Yuji Naya