Principles of Lighting

• Standard 3 • Students will be able to understand and demonstrate knowledge of lighting systems and how they are used.

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• Objective 1 • Principles of Lighting

• • a. Triangle or three-point lighting

• b. Key (spot)

• c. Back or halo (spot)

• d. Fill (flood)

• Objective 2 • Lighting instruments

• • a. Spot (direct)

• b. Flood (diffused)

• c. Barn doors

• Objective 3 • Lighting situations

• • a. Base lighting

• b. Chroma key

• c. Silhouette

• d. Falloff

Three-point Lighting

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Three-point Lighting

• Key Light– This is the main light. – It is usually the strongest

and has the most influence on the look of the scene.

– It is placed to one side of the camera/subject so that this side is well lit and the other side has some shadow.

Three-point Lighting • Fill Light– This is the secondary light and is

place on the opposite side of the key light.

– It is used to fill the shadows created by the key.

– The fill will usually be softer and less bright than the key. To achieve this, you could move the light further away or use some spun. You might also want to se the fill light to more of a flood than the key.

Three-point Lighting

• Back Light– The back light is placed behind the

subject and lights if from the rear. – Rather than providing direct

lighting (like the key and fill), its purpose is to provide definition and subtle highlights around the subject’s outlines.

– This helps separate the subject from the background and provide a three-dimensional look.

Three-point Lighting

Three-point Lighting

Three-point Lighting

You Try

• http://www.mediacollege.com/lighting/three-point/simulator.html

Lighting instruments

• Spot (direct)

• Flood (diffused)

• Barn doors

Lighting instruments

• Spot (direct)

Lighting instruments

• Flood (diffused)

Lighting instruments

• Barn doors

Lighting situations

• Base lighting

• Chroma key (green screen)

• Silhouette

• Falloff (vignet)

Definitions of Lighting Situations• Base lighting: Even, non-directional light necessary for camera to

operate optimally.• Chroma key: Special key effect that uses a color (blue or green) for

the key source background. All color areas are replaced by another video source during the keying. Frequently used in weather segments to show the meteorologist standing in front of charts and maps.

• Silhouette: The dark shape and outline of someone or something visible against a brighter background. This is caused when the light being cast towards the camera is brighter than the light being cast towards the subject.

• Falloff: The speed that light areas turn to shadow areas. Fast falloff is an abrupt change; slow falloff is a very gradual change.