PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND · PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION STRATEGY Discussion Document July 2016 ... Globally, Canada has supported the Paris COP21 goals of limiting

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PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION STRATEGY

Discussion Document

July 2016

with

(514) 504-9030 | www.dunsky.com | slide 2

Climate change is a reality. It is something we are facing now and into the future.

We can’t rely on everyone else to solve this for us. Prince Edward Island needs to be part of the solution.

That’s what this Strategy is about: what are the ways in which PEI can do our share to reduce our contribution to climate change, in the form of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions?

PROVINCIAL CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION STRATEGY


The Provincial Energy Strategy has been developed to align with the Climate Change Strategy.

For example, it was developed with a focus on reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, to ensure it would not counteract the goals of the Strategy.

For this reason, there are similar topics in this overview. However, the Climate Change Strategy will be broader in scope and will focus on some different areas, with reference to the Energy Strategy as applicable.

PROVINCIAL CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION STRATEGY


There are two areas of focus in regards to climate change:

Mitigation: reducing the severity and limiting our contributions to climate change (generally focusing on greenhouse gas emissions reductions)

Adaptation: addressing the impacts of climate change as they occur.

This Strategy is focusing on mitigation.

A separate Climate Change Adaptation Strategy is being developed.

MITIGATION / ADAPTATION


Currently, our biggest contributor to emissions is transportation, followed by agriculture, buildings (heating, cooling, and electricity use), then waste and industry.

OUR CURRENT EMISSIONS PROFILE

2014 PEI Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Sector


CONTEXT

• The Climate Change Mitigation Strategy will not be able to include everything.

• Our goal is to address the key items that will allow PEI to have the “biggest bang for the buck”, or the biggest reduction in GHG emissions for the most efficient investment and other considerations.

+ IMPACT

+ I

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CE

• If something is not included, it’s not because it’s not important. It is because we have to do as much as we can now, but we can’t do everything. Future strategies will address additional actions we can take.


PROCESS

May/ June

• Initial research, information gathering, and analysis

July

• Website launched; discussion paper posted; public input requested

• Continued analysis; development of initial draft of the Strategy

August

• Strategy released (mid-August) for public review and input

Sept.

• Second week: first set of public consultations

• Fourth week: second draft released for public review and input

Oct.

• First week: second public consultation

• Final Strategy released in October


A Strategy can be used to guide actions, benchmark results, and track progress. Examples of some related targets include:

The Province’s Standing Committee on Infrastructure and Energy’s May 10, 2016 report to the Provincial Legislature recommended a goal of 100% renewables in all sectors by 2050.

Regionally, Prince Edward Island has agreed to support the New England Governors’ and Eastern Canadian Premiers goal of reducing emissions levels to at least 35-45% below 1990 levels by 2030.

Globally, Canada has supported the Paris COP21 goals of limiting rising average temperatures to within 1.5ᵒ C of pre-industrial levels (with 2ᵒ C a stretch target).

RELATED TARGETS AND GOALS


Carbon pricing is a mechanism that is used to reduce emissions and/or fund climate change initiatives. Some carbon pricing examples include:

A carbon tax on all fuels, based on emissions

A surcharge on fossil fuel distributors

Cap and trade market (in which a “cap” on emissions is set and lowered over time, and we could sell credits if we reduce our emissions below the cap).

CARBON PRICING


PRELIMINARY IDENTIFICATION OF AREAS OF FOCUS


Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is a critical factor in the actions that will be included in the final Strategy. However, we are also looking at other important considerations to ensure we think about potential impacts of our future actions. We want to ensure the Strategy is achievable and avoids unintended impacts.

GHG reduction potential (short and long term)

Cost (initial, annual, and life cycle, as applicable)

Economic impacts (increasing local jobs, knowledge or capacity, and/or decreasing imports)

Other societal factors (environmental, health, etc.)

PEI market influence (areas that PEI can influence rather than being subject to factors beyond our control)

Barriers to implementation (social/cultural and technical/mechanical)

Market size (opportunities and limitations)

CONSIDERATIONS


We have done some initial research and analysis on ways in which PEI can achieve the greatest reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.

Many of these were identified during the development of the Energy Strategy. This overlap is intentional, to ensure alignment. However, additional areas are also included.

The next series of slides will identify areas to consider and pose a number of questions.

Please note that there are some items we suggest not be pursued at this time. This does not mean they are not important. However, we have to select the most impactful and beneficial options to pursue in the short term. Additional actions and decisions that help even further will be included in future Strategies, as we lower our emissions even further.

INITIAL ANALYSIS


AGRICULTURE & FISHERIES/AQUACULTURE:

High-Impact Options to Examine Further N

itro

us o

xid

e e

mis

sio

ns f

rom

so

ils

• Managing the nutrients in our soil

Ente

ric ferm

enta

tion;

manure

managem

ent

• Feeding practices

• Milk productivity of cattle

• Diet modification

• Reducing the number of cattle retained as replacement animals

• Antimethanogen vaccines

• Manure management

• Anaerobic digestion

Ca

rbo

n d

ioxid

e e

mis

sio

ns a

nd

rem

ova

ls in

m

inera

l soils

• Conservation cropping to increase carbon capture in the soil


NOT RECOMMENDED TO EXAMINE FURTHER

Biodiesel in farming equipment and for marine use

Conversion of fishing vessels to electric or hybrid

Low residual feed intake in cattle

Boat design (efficiency improvements)

Reduced boat speeds

These areas are important, but we do not see their impact as being at the same level as those on the prior page.


ELECTRICITY AND NON-ELECTRIC FUELS:

High-Impact Options to Examine Further E

ne

rgy E

ffic

ien

cy a

nd

Co

nse

rva

tio

n

•Demand response programs

•Comprehensive energy efficiency and conservation program options

•Codes and standards (National and stretch building codes; appliances)

Re

ne

wa

ble

s

•Utility-scale wind and solar

Dis

trib

ute

d G

en

era

tio

n

•Financing for solar

•Make new construction “solar ready”

En

erg

y S

tora

ge

•Integrate storage(utility and facility level) with renewables

•Electric thermal storage program



Large-scale biomass generation

Tidal

Hydro

Nuclear


BIOFUELS:

High-Impact Options to Examine Further C

og

en

era

tio

n

• District heating

• Small-scale cogeneration

• Pellet cogeneration

Wo

od

an

d P

elle

t H

ea

tin

g

• Institutional wood-chip heating systems

• Enforce reforestation requirements

• Develop local pellet industry

Bio

ga

s fo

r h

ea

t a

nd

po

we

r • Anaerobic digestors



Large-scale biogas for electricity and heat

Extensive use of wood chips


TRANSPORTATION:

High-Impact Options to Examine Further A

ctive a

nd S

usta

ina

ble

Tra

nspo

rtation

• Public transportation

• Active Transportation (bike racks, pedestrian options, etc.)

• Sustainable Transportation (car sharing, regional transportation, etc.)

• Culture-change options

• Reduce idling

Veh

icle

s

• Electric vehicles

• Emissions and standards testing

• Vehicle registration fees

Fue

ls

• Biogas

• Compressed Natural Gas

Urb

an

Pla

nnin

g

• Roundabouts, bike lanes, etc.



Hybrids

Zero-emissions vehicle mandate

These areas are important, but we do not see their impact as being at the same level as those on the prior page.


We have already received some initial feedback on these areas and on some we haven’t included, such as land-use planning, environment, forestry, exports, built environment, local food, and water efficiencies.

We are conducting some additional analyses based on these suggestions.

ADDITIONAL AREAS FOR EXAMINATION


Please consider the following questions when providing your feedback:

QUESTIONS

1. Should the Climate Change Mitigation Strategy include quantifiable targets for greenhouse gas reductions? If so, should they follow one of the related targets and goals found on slide 8, or consist of something different?

2. Should PEI consider implementing some kind of carbon pricing model? If so, what model should be considered and how should proceeds be used?

3. What actions or initiatives would reduce the most greenhouse gas emissions?

4. What else is important for us to know about PEI in relation to reducing our greenhouse gas emissions?


We look forward to receiving your input on these initial areas of analysis and on the draft Strategy once it is released in August.

Please note we will do our best to consider all input received throughout the summer.

However, the earlier we receive it, the better our ability to do so is.

For this reason, we request your input by July 31st, if possible.

CONCLUSION

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PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND · PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION STRATEGY Discussion Document July 2016 ... Globally, Canada has supported the Paris COP21 goals of limiting