PRIMA 2014

REPRODUCTION

Výukový materiál GE 02 - 34

Tvůrce: Mgr. Šárka Vopěnková

Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Ing. Jiří Foller

Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů

Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005

Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR

the cell is in suitable environment (plenty of nutrients)

> it is growing i.e. it is gaining in size and it reproduces by division it means the number of cells increases cell division is a very complicated action 2 daughter cells arisen

REPRODUCTION

2 daughter cells are equivalent

all cell parts must be doubled before cell division

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REPRODUCTION

THE MOST IMPORTANTCell wall – external covering of cells by bacteria, fungi, plants-it determines the shape, protects of external environmentCytoplasmic membrane – it makes elastic and solid covering of all cells-admitted into the cell interior as well as outside of it some substance -(it is semipermeable) Cytoplasm – internal cell environmentNucleus – controls ongoing activities in the cell

- manages cell divisionChloroplasts – they are only in plant cells-they contain chlorophyll and photosynthesis takes place in themMitochondria – is used to produce energy from organic compounds by the presence of oxygenVacuoles – they are mainly by plant cells or by bacteriaEndoplasmic reticulum or Golgi apparatus – system of membrane channels, tubes and vesicles-used for production, transformation and transportation of proteins and -other substances

the diversity of division of

prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

PROKARYOTIC CELL

REPRODUCTION

flagellum

cell wall

chromosome

cytoplasm

cell membrane

vesicles with storage agents

cell bacteria is an example of simply shaped cells without organelles with an unrestricted core

the diversity of division

of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

PLANT CELL

ANIMAL CELL

EUKARYOTIC CELLS

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ChloroplastsGolgi apparatusGrains of storage substancesMitochondriaVacuolesNucleusCell wallEndoplasmic reticulumMembrane

NucleusGolgi apparatusMitochondriaMembraneGroove of membraneVesicles with storage substances

examples of prokaryotic and

eukaryotic cells

EUKARYOTIC CELL

PROKARYOTIC CELL

EUKARYOTIC CELL

EUKARYOTIC CELL

REPRODUCTION1 – BACTERIA, 2 – YEAST, 3 – RED BLOOD CELL, 4 - PROTOZOA

bacteria reproduce fastest they are very small they reduplicate easily and fast all cell

parts by most convenient conditions: from one bacterium in 20 minutes

there are two bacteria

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both of them can divide in another 20 minutes

> into 4 cells 4 cells in another 20 minutes into 8 new

cells this speed is though just due to

favourable conditions bacteria do not reproduce so quickly in

the nature

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What kind of cell is this ?

Describe the pictures.

WORKSHEET

DOBRORUKA, Luděk J. Přírodopis. 2. vyd. Praha: Scientia, 1999, 127 s. ISBN 80-718-3168-9.

SOURCES