Presenters: Tania Crane. “Project work in the curriculum promotes children’s intellectual...
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Presenters: Tania Crane. “Project work in the curriculum promotes children’s intellectual development by engaging their minds in observation and investigation
Project work in the curriculum promotes childrens intellectual
development by engaging their minds in observation and
investigation of selected aspects of their experiences and
environment, ideally those aspects worthy of their attention and
energy (Katz and Chard, 2) Katz, Lillian & Sylvia Chard.
Engaging Childrens Minds: The Project Approach 2 nd Edition. Ablex
Publishing Corporation. Stamford: Connecticut.
Slide 3
Is an instructional method centered on the learner Allows
in-depth investigation of a topic worth learning more about
Learners represent what they know through a personally-meaningful
artifact Students have more autonomy over what they learn and take
more responsibility for their learning Learners shape their project
to fit their own interest and abilities Enables the expression of
diversity in learners, such as interest, abilities and learning
styles Getting a Grip on Project-Based Learning: Theory, Cases and
Recommendations- Michael M. Grant
Slide 4
Katz & Chard use the term project to refer to an indepth
study of a particular topic, usually undertaken by a whole class
working on subtopics in small groups, sometimes by a small group of
children within the class, and occasionally by an individual child
(Katz and Chard, 2). Katz, Lillian & Sylvia Chard. Engaging
Childrens Minds: The Project Approach 2 nd Edition. Ablex
Publishing Corporation. Stamford: Connecticut.
Slide 5
A key feature of a project, according to Katz and Chard is that
it is an investigationwhere children are seeking answers to
questions that are formulated by themselves or in cooperation with
their teacher and that arise as the investigation proceeds The
exploring and investigating a topic can usually extends over a
period of days or weeks depending on the childrens age and nature
of the topic Katz, Lillian & Sylvia Chard. Engaging Childrens
Minds: The Project Approach 2 nd Edition. Ablex Publishing
Corporation. Stamford: Connecticut.
Slide 6
To cultivate the life of the young childs mind (Katz &
Chard, 5) Encourages students to pose questions, pursue and solve
puzzles, and increase their awareness of significant phenomena
around them Childrens minds are engaged in ways that deepen their
understanding of their own experiences and environment and thereby
strengthen their confidence in their own intellectual powers (Katz
& Chard, 7). are for adults and children to experience their
lives together are for the children to experience the class as a
community are for teachers themselves to experience their work as
engaging and challenging Katz, Lillian & Sylvia Chard. Engaging
Childrens Minds: The Project Approach 2 nd Edition. Ablex
Publishing Corporation. Stamford: Connecticut.
Slide 7
What does Project Based Learning Look Like?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMCZvGes Rz8
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMCZvGes Rz8
Slide 8
According to the Buck Institute for Education (BIE),
project-based learning has its roots in experiential education and
the philosophy of John Dewey The method of project-based learning
emerged due to developments in learning theory in the past 25
years
Slide 9
The BIE suggests, Research in neuroscience and psychology has
extended cognitive and behavioral models of learning which support
traditional direct instruction to show that knowledge, thinking,
doing, and the contexts for learning are inextricably tied.
(Heather Coffey) Learning is a social activity-- teaching methods
can scaffold on students prior experiences and include a focus on
community and culture More technological and global
society--teachers realize that they must prepare students not only
to think about new information, but they also must engage them in
tasks that prepare them for this global citizenship Based on the
developments in cognitive research and the changing modern
educational environment in the latter part of the 20th Century,
project-based learning has gained popularity. http://www.bie.org/
http://www.bie.org/
Slide 10
Project-based science: Emphasis is placed on a driving question
to guide an investigation In teams, the class performs similar
experiments and collects data to help answer the driving questions,
and the students help determine how the data is analyzed, what it
means and how the results will be presented This process take a
considerable amount of time and requires that students to work
collaboratively and collectively The process, in the end, is
representative of authentic scientific investigation Getting a Grip
on Project-Based Learning: Theory, Cases and Recommendations-
Michael M. Grant
Slide 11
WebQuests: Usually are inquiry-oriented Require an engaging
task or project Uses a predefined list of resources, that are
prescreened by the teacher, from: World Wide Web (primarily);
Textbooks; CD-ROM; Videos; Subject matter experts Focus is on using
information instead of looking for can incorporate cooperative or
collaborative artifacts and guidance on cognitive and social skills
Often includes an embedded scenario or role for the student to
playor the anchor They provide an opportunity to reflect on the
inquiry process and on an individuals results Getting a Grip on
Project-Based Learning: Theory, Cases and Recommendations- Michael
M. Grant
Slide 12
Phase 1Phase 2Phase 3 Teacher either introduces a topic or it
is selected in agreement between teacher and the children Pool
prior knowledge on topic Teacher helps students formulate inquiry
questions Discussions, conducting investigations, classroom
visitors Teachers are enabling students to learn new information
encourage independent work; support and encouragement when needed
Classroom visitors Teacher may collect related books, objects or
artifacts for children to study Teacher helps students bring their
project to a completion Students summarize what they have learned
Gallery walk and a celebration of work accomplished
Slide 13
An introduction to set the stage or anchor the activity A task,
guiding question or driving question A process or investigation
that results in the creation of one or more sharable artifacts
Resources, such as subject-matter experts, textbooks and hypertext
links Scaffolding, such as teacher conferences to help learners
assess their progress, computer-based questioning and project
templates Collaboration, including teams, peer reviews and external
content specialists Opportunities for reflection and transfer, such
as classroom debriefing sessions, journal entries and extension
activities Getting a Grip on Project-Based Learning: Theory, Cases
and Recommendations- Michael M. Grant
Slide 14
http://www.ncsu.edu/meridian/win2002/514/ holocaust Getting a
Grip on Project-Based Learning: Theory, Cases and Recommendations-
Michael M. Grant
Slide 15
Topic selection Facilitator To provide expertise and
specialized resources Helping children with difficulties they are
likely to encounter Advisor Modeling inquiring disposition Teachers
can help children to adopt criteria or develop rubrics for
evaluating their efforts by encouraging them to think about whether
the work is as clear, detailed, accurate or as complete as it could
be Teachers can encourage children to create second or third drafts
of how they wish to display findings A teacher can indicate his/her
criteria as to how they are going to assess the students work
Debriefing learners Katz, Lillian & Sylvia Chard. Engaging
Childrens Minds: The Project Approach 2 nd Edition. Ablex
Publishing Corporation. Stamford: Connecticut.
Slide 16
Third Grade Classroom Teacher notes: By giving children the
tools and opportunities to self-assess and self-evaluate their
work, we are teaching children to become responsible for their
learning and to be responsible for what is expected of them (Katz
& Chard, 17).
Slide 17
work in small, collaborative groups in the project-based
learning model Self managers Find sources Conduct research Hold
each other responsible for learning and the completion of tasks
throughout Ask thought provoking questions To ask for assistance Be
motivated and responsible for their own learning and the learning
of others
Slide 18
Project-based learning can involve, but is not limited to:
Asking and refining questions Debating ideas Making predictions
Designing plans and/or experiments Collecting and analyzing data
Drawing conclusions Communicating ideas and findings to others
Asking new questions Creating artifacts
Slide 19
Systematic InstructionProject Work The teacher focuses on
helping children acquire skills The children are motivated by their
desire to please the teacher and obtain rewards The teacher chooses
learning activities and provides materials at the appropriate
instructional level The teacher is the expert; the teacher
addresses childrens deficiencies The teacher is accountable for the
childrens learning, progress and achievement The teacher provides
opportunities for the children to apply skills Childrens interest
and involvement promote effort and motivation The children choose
from a variety of activities provided by the teacher; they
determine their own level of challenge at which to work The
children are the experts; the teacher capitalizes on the childrens
proficiencies The children and teacher share accountability for
learning and achievement
Slide 20
Constructivism Explains that individuals construct knowledge
through interactions with their environment, and each individuals
knowledge construction is different Through conducting
investigations, conversations or activities, an individual is
learning by constructing new knowledge by building on their current
knowledge
Slide 21
Constructionism Posits that individuals learn best when they
are constructing an artifact that can be shared with others and
reflected upon (i.e. play, poems) Artifacts must be personally
meaningful, where individuals are most likely to become engaged in
learning By focusing on the individual learner, project- based
learning strives for considerable individualism of curriculum,
instruction and assessmentthe project is learner-centered Getting a
Grip on Project-Based Learning: Theory, Cases and Recommendations-
Michael M. Grant
Slide 22
Project-Based Learning= Differentiated Learning Every student
is different (i.e. has different background knowledge, forms and
degrees of intelligence, learning styles, interests, goals, and
motivation) teaching all students at the same level and in the same
way, and maintaining the same expectations, and using the same
reinforcement structures for all students makes little sense
teachers can differentiate instruction (i.e., use a wide array of
teaching and motivation techniques, match expectations to each
students developmental levels) according to the characteristics of
each individual student Capitalize on students talents and skill
which promotes motivation and a love for learning
Slide 23
You Tube Video Math Board Games
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUDDh0Wx bAc&feature=relmfu
School Wide Project on Gender Roles
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OPVXg8fmt dM&feature=relmfu
Slide 24
http://pbl-online.org/About/whatisPBL.htmx
http://pbl-online.org/About/whatisPBL.htmx http://www.bie.org/
http://www.bie.org/
http://www.ncsu.edu/meridian/win2002/514/holocaust
http://www.ncsu.edu/meridian/win2002/514/holocaust
http://www.learnnc.org/lp/pages/4753
http://www.learnnc.org/lp/pages/4753
http://www.bie.org/index.php/site/PBL/pbl_handbook_introduction
/#history
http://www.bie.org/index.php/site/PBL/pbl_handbook_introduction
/#history
http://www.una.edu/faculty/onlineacademy/State/Adobe%20Reader
/DO%20NOT%20OPEN%20program%20files/Instruction/Designing%2
0Lessons/ACTIVITIES/PBLS/Why%20use%20PBL.pdf
http://www.una.edu/faculty/onlineacademy/State/Adobe%20Reader
/DO%20NOT%20OPEN%20program%20files/Instruction/Designing%2
0Lessons/ACTIVITIES/PBLS/Why%20use%20PBL.pdf
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUDDh0WxbAc&feature=relmfu
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUDDh0WxbAc&feature=relmfu
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OPVXg8fmtdM&feature=relmfu
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OPVXg8fmtdM&feature=relmfu
Getting a Grip on Project-Based Learning: Theory, Cases and
Recommendations- Michael M. Grant Katz, Lillian & Sylvia Chard.
Engaging Childrens Minds: The Project Approach 2 nd Edition. Ablex
Publishing Corporation. Stamford: Connecticut