Presentation:

1. BIOEN research program

2. Sugarcane genome sequence

• M. A. Van Sluys

• Botânica – IB – USP

• mavsluys@usp.br1

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Non-Renewable Renewable

En

erg

y s

ou

rces i

n B

razil,

2006

Brazil: in 2009 47% energy fromrenewable sources; sugarcane 18%

2

cane

18%

Brasil: 47%; Mundo: 13%; OECD: 7,2%

Foto Capa: Leo Ramos

Energy Security

Sugarcane bioethanol contributes to 20% of

the Brazilian liquid fuels matrix

Biomass cogeneration can contribute with up to 18% of Brazil’s electricity demand

Sustainable Development

The sugarcane industry contributes

to agriculture modernization, rural

development, improved education and the creation of

jobs

Opportunities for innovation

Environmental Security

The use of Sugarcane bioethanol can reduce CO2 emissions by 80%

when compared to gasoline

Biofuel certification can contribute to the

reinforcement of agroecological zoning

Food Security

Sugarcane production for energy did no

decrease food production

Expansion is occuring mainly in pasture land

Only 0.5% of brazilian land used to produce

bioethanol

BIOENERGY DRIVERS

BIOEN DIVISIONS

BIOMASSContribute with knowledge and technologies for Sugarcane ImprovementEnable a Systems Biology approach for Biofuel Crops

BIOFUEL TECHNOLOGIESIncreasing productivity (amount of ethanol by sugarcane ton), energysaving, water saving and minimizing environmental impacts

ENGINESFlex-fuel engines with increased performance, durability and decreased consumption, pollutant emissions

BIOREFINERIESComplete substitution of fossil fuel derived compoundsSugarchemistry for intermediate chemical production and alcoholchemistry as a petrochemistry substitute

SUSTAINABILITY AND IMPACTSStudies to consolidate sugarcane ethanol as the leading technology path to ethanol and derivatives productionHorizontal themes: Social and Economic Impacts, Environmental studies and Land Use

4

BIOEN Program : 5 Divisions

Fundamental knowledge & New technologies

for a bio-based society

Academic Basic and Applied Research (US$ 40 million)

Since 2008, 136 grants, 400 brazilian researchers, collaborators

from 15 countries

Regular, Theme and Young Investigator Awards

Open to foreign scientists who want to come to Brazil

State of São Paulo Bioenergy Research Center (US$ 90 million)

FAPESP, USP, UNICAMP, UNESP, State of São Paulo

Government (80 new faculty positions for bioenergy

researchers)

Creation of a Bioenergy PhD Program

Partnerships

United States, United Kingdom and The Netherlands, Brazil

Oak Ridge National Laboratories, UKRC, BBSRC, BE-Basic,

GSB, LACAF, BOEING, BP, Braskem, Dedini, ETH, Microsoft,

Oxiteno, PSA Peugeot Citroën, Vale

Innovation Technology, Joint Industry-University research (5 years)

Innovation Centers, Joint Industry-University centers (10 years)

Company Subject

Oxiteno Lignocellulosic materials

Braskem Alcohol-chemistry

Dedini Processes

ETH Agricultural practices

Microsoft Computational development

Vale Ethanol technologies

Boeing Aviation Biofuels

BP Processes and sustainability

PSA Engines

FAPESP Bioenergy Research Program BIOEN

AustraliaAustriaBelgium ChinaDenmarkFinlandFranceGermanyGuatemalaItalyPortugalSpainThe NetherlandsUnited KingdomUnited States 5

15 PITEs and 12 PIPEs

Biomass Research

Precision agricultureTractorsPrediction of sugarcane yieldPest managementAssembly of the sugarcane polyploid genome

Biofuel Technologies

New Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains from the Brazilian biodiversityGrinding processBagasse delignificationBagasse hydrolysisHigh performance fermentation

Biorefineries

Nanofibers from renewable sourcesBiodegradable polymersAcrylic and propionic acid productionGlycerol transformationGlycerol hydrogenolysisGlycerinLactic acidSyngasRubber

Engines

Flex-fuel enginesEthanol spray in internal combustion engines

Sustainability

Atmospheric CO2 mitigationAgricultural GHG emissionsWaste machinesWaste germination and plantation tubes

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SCOPE BIOENERGY & SUSTAINABILITY

Land UseFeedstocks Technologies Impacts

Policy recommendationsMuch Needed Science

Bioenergy numbers

Land use changesBiomass potentialBiomass supplyLogisticsCertificationGHG emissionsLignocellulosicsCosts FinancingSocial aspectsSoil and waterBiodiversityRural developmentEnergy Access

Global assessment of Bioenergy & Sustainability: FAPESP BIOEN, BIOTA and Climate Change Programs in collaboration with SCOPE

International Workshop: December 2-6, 2013, UNESCO, ParisIUPAP Energy Committee

Food Security

Energy Security

Environmental Security and Climate Security

Sustainable Development and Innovation

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SUCESTGenes

ADRESSING THE SUGARCANE GENOME

Markers

Allelic variation for breeding

BIOMASSContribute with knowledge and technologies for Sugarcane ImprovementEnable a Systems Biology approach for Biofuel Crops

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sugarcane polyploid genome

Structural regions (centromere-telomeres)Euchromatin & Heterochromatin

GenesRegulatory regionsRegulatory sequences

Repetitive sequences (Transposable elements, SSR)Translational machinery (ribossomal genes, tRNAs)

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317 BAC sequenced 1,400 protein-coding genes

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Gene evolution

RPA1a

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Gene regulation

RPA1a

12

Starch & Sucrose metabolism

EC 5.4.2.2(15413 reads)

EC 2.7.7.9(2358 reads)

EC 2.7.7.273 loci1. Sb09g029610 (1295-5065 reads)

2. Sb01g008940 (443-501 reads)3. Sb03g028850 (4-79 reads)

UDP-glucose

SUCROSE

ADP-glucose

STARCH

maltose

β-D-fructose

α-D-gluocse-6P

Sucrose - 6P

β-D-glucose

AmyloseSh2Cell Wall

components

D - xylose Pectate

D - galacturonate

EC 2.4.1.21(547 reads)

EC 2.4.1.18(3625 reads)

cellulose

EC 2.4.1.12(6237 reads)

EC 2.4.1.13(1698 reads)

EC 2.4.1.14(174-341 reads)

EC 3.1.3.24(109 reads)

EC 3.2.1.2(311 reads)

EC 3.2.1.37(1894 reads)

EC 3.1.1.11(24 reads)

EC 3.2.1.15(23 reads)

EC 3.2.1.26(2 reads)

α-D-gluocse-1P

SUCROSE

STARCH

CELL WALL PARTS

CELLULOSE

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sugarcane hybrid (11)

S. spontaneum (2)

S. offcinarum (1)

Miscanthus sp. (1)

S. bicolor (genome)

single sequence

one substitution

3K2K 4K 5K

SHCRBa_104_G22

1K0 6K

S6PP S6PP

2995F 4500R

4231R

3404F 4144R

3618R

3223F

3811F

Gene innovation

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Initiatives around the globe:SUGESI (Sugarcane Genome Sequencing Initiative) > Strategies

for Sequencing a Highly Complex Genome

1,2,3,5,6,7,8 2,6

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1,4

1,4

1,2,3,7,8

1. BAC-sequencing2. Shotgun sequencing3. Methyl-filtration-NGS4. 11,000 tilling BAC seq5. Sequenom-SNP6. Transcriptome initiatives7. Spont & Off shotgun seq8. Assembly algorithms

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miRNA precursormapping

pathogen treatmentRNAseq mapping

Metilfiltrated gDNA

Other cultivarsgDNA

Integrating DATA around the globe: Euchromatic BAC

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Van Sluys FW Munich 2014

GaTE Lab

Cushla Metcalfe (PD FAPESP)Guilherme M. Q. Cruz (DD FAPESP)Edgar Andres Ochoa (DD CNPq)Andreia Prata (DD FAPESP)Tatiane Correa (TS-USP)Jonas Gaiarsa (DD-FAPESP) – Infra Bioinf

BrasilKatia C Scortecci (UFRN)Douglas da Silva Domingues (IAPAR)

BIOEN

Glaucia M Souza (BIOEN Pgm Coord)

Marcos Buckeridge (INCT coord)Renato Vicentini (CBMEG- UNICAMP)Fabio Nogueira (IB-UNESP Botucatu)Michel Vincentz (CBMEG- UNICAMP)Anete Prereira de Souza (CBMEG- UNICAMP)Monalisa Sampaio (UFSCar – Breeding Pgm)Antonio Augusto Garcia (ESALQ)Helaine Carrer (ESALQ)Maria Lucia Carneiro (ESALQ)Daniel Scherer Moura (ESALQ)Marcio Castro Silva Filho (ESALQ)

Claudia Monteiro-Vitorello (ESALQ - Bioinf)Joao Paulo Kitajima (IEAE-SP – Bioinf)Nathalia de Setta (UFABC)

Team

Partners

InternationalAngelique D’Hont (CIRAD, Fr)Helene Bergers (CNRGV, Fr)Ray Ming (U. Illinois, US)A Paterson (U Georgia, US)K Aitken (CSIRO-Aus)

Financial Support

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The present release of sugarcane genomic sequences will advance our understanding of sugarcane genetics and contribute to the development of molecular tools for breeding purposes and gene discovery. In paralell, tools to assemble the sugarcane genome are beingdeveloped.

Thank you!18