PowerPoint Presentation
ADSORPTION
alvieradesighifarisrizkaliliAdsorptionAdsorption is the process
in which a gas, liquid, or solid adheres (accumulated) to the
surface of a solid or (less frequently) a liquid, but doesnt
penetrate it.(only in the surface)
Adsorption is way different from absorption
explainations
Adsorbate Adsorbate is a liquids or gas substance that
consentrated to the surface of the adsorbent.
There are two types of adsorbate, such as:Polar typesNon-polar
typesAdsorptiveAdsorptive is the substance that would be adsorp
before it reach the surface of a liquids.AdsorbentAdsorbent are
usually a solid substance that adsorps another substance.
Adsorbents are used usually in form of spherical pellets, rods,
moldings or monoliths with hydrodynamic diameters.
Adsorbent MaterialProperties of Silica GelBulk Density44-56
lb/ft3Heat Capacity0.22-0.26 BTU/lboFPore Volume0.37 cm3/gSurface
Area750 m2/gAverage Pore Diameter22 Regeneration Temperature
120-250 oCMaximum Allowable Temperature400 oCSilica gel
Adsorbent MaterialActivated AlluminaProperties of Activated
AluminaBulk DensityGranules38-42 lb/ft3Pellets54-58 lb/ft3Specific
Heat0.21-0.25 BTU/lboFPore Volume0.29-0.37 cm3/gSurface Area210-360
m2/gAverage Pore Diameter18-48 Regeneration Temperature
(Steaming)200-250 oCMaximum Allowable Temperature500 oCAdsorbent
MaterialActivated CarbonProperties of Activated CarbonBulk
Density22-34 lb/ft3Heat Capacity0.27-0.36 BTU/lboFPore
Volume0.56-1.20 cm3/gSurface Area600-1600 m2/gAverage Pore
Diameter15-25 Regeneration Temperature (Steaming)100-140 oCMaximum
Allowable Temperature150 oCAdsorbent MaterialMolecular
SievesProperties of Molecular SievesAnhydrous Sodium
AluminosilicateAnhydrous Calcium AluminosilicateAnhydrous
AluminosilicateType4A5A13XDensity in bulk (lb/ft3)444438Specific
Heat (BTU/lboF)0.190.19-Effective diameter of pores
()4513Regeneration Temperature (oC)200-300200-300200-300Maximum
Allowable Temperature (oC)600600600Types of AdsorptionBased on its
processes, there are two types of adsorption as follows:
Physical adsorption (Physisorption)interaction that happened
between adsorben and adsorbate is the Van der Walls force, whereas
the force between the liquid and the surface are bigger than the
force of substance that solve in liquids.Example :The adsorption
happens by activated carbon.Chemical adsorption (Chemisorption)It
happens when it formed chemical bound between the solute in the
liquids with the molecules in the media. It usually formed covalent
bound.Example :Ion exchange reactions
The differences between chemical & physical
adsorptionPhysisorptionMolecules bounded to adsorbent by Van der
Walls forceThe enthalpy is between -4 to 40 kJ/molMulti-layer
adsorpytionAdsorption happens below the boiling point of its
adsorbateUnspecificChemisorptionMolecules bounded to adsorbent by
chemical boundThe entalphy is between -40 to 800 kJ/molMono-layer
adsorptionAdsorptions happen in higher temperaturesVery
SpecificAdsorption can be utilized in a variety of ways, including
the followingThe bleaching process granulated sugar in the sugar
industry with soil diatomic and bone charcoal. Healing of abdominal
pain with carbon powder or noritStaining of fiber silk, wool or
cotton in a solution of Al2(SO4)3 in the textile industry.Turbid
water treatment with the use of alum (Al2 (SO4) 3).Water taps
(TAPS) that exist today contains colloidal particles of clay, mud,
and a variety of other negatively charged particles. Therefore, to
make it worth to drink, should be done in a few steps to the
colloidal particles can be separated. It is done by adding alum
(Al2SO4) 3 Al3 + Ions contained on the alum hydrolyzed colloidal
particles formed be of Al (OH) 3 positively through the
reaction:Al3++ 3H2O Al(OH)3 + 3H+
After that, Al (OH) 3 remove the charge-the negative charge of
the colloidal particles of clay/mud and mud coagulation occurs at.
The sludge is then settles with alum which also settles because of
the influence of gravity.
The use of active charcoalSubtle use of charcoal on the mask,
serves to absorb the toxic gas Filter on smoking, which serve to
bind the smoke nicotine and tarCleaning of dirt and SOAP.Adsorption
of colloidal humus by colloidal clay.
Applications of AdsorptionAdsorptionfinds extensive applications
both in research laboratory and in industry. A few applications are
discussed below:Inadsorptionindicators:In chromatographic
analysisIncatalysisIn softening of hard waterIn clarification of
sugarIn paint industryIn preserving vacuumIn glass masks
Q U E S T I O N ?Thank you
