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Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 1 Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 2
Pregled
Uvod
Uporaba pare u tekstilnoj industriji
Teorija/Mjere
Bojler
Optimizacija Parametra
Izolacija
Ekonomizator (Sustav za Uštedu)
Kondenzat, napojna voda
Kontrola Plamenika
Vježbe
Rezime
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 3
Uvod.
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 4
Uporaba pare u
tekstilnoj industriji • Jedan od sredstava za prenos topline u
tekstilnoj industriji ( pored vrućeg ulja,
vrele vode i zraka )
• U pojašnjenju, velik dio energije
otpada na proizvodnju pare
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 5
Teorija.
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 6 Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 7
Mjere
• Bojler
• Optimizacija parametra
• Izolacija
• Ekonomizator (Sustav za
Uštedu)
• Kondenzat, napojna voda
• Kontrola plamenika
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 8
Bojler
• Uporaba centralnog bojlera za pripremu pare
• Primjenjeni bojleri su često 15-20 godina stari
• Novi modeli sa automatskom kontrolom i učinkovitom
periferijom imaju manje rasipanje energije
• Kao posljedica promjena u proizvodnji i već
primjenjenih mjera bojleri su često predimenzionirani
• Smanjena iskoristivost bojlera vodi do neželjenog
ponašanja u krugu kontrole, gubitaka energije, većeg
habanja i povećanih izdataka za obnovu
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 9
• Problem: Korišteni tlakovi i temperature
često nisu u skladu sa odgovarajućim
potrebama potrošača, što dovodi do
gubitaka tijekom proizvodnje i distribucije
topline
• Rješenje: Smanjenje razine tlaka;
decentralizirana opskrba pojedinih
tvornica sa visokom temperaturom i
tlakom
Optimizacija parametra
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 10
Izolacija
• Na vijčanim, ventilskim i
spojevima prirubnica:
Uporaba posebnih izolacijskih
slojeva, koji se jednostavno
mogu ukloniti i zamjeniti.
• Naknadna toplinska izolacija
može biti prikladna (na primjer
kod strojeva za bojanje)
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 11
Ekonomizator
• Problem: Veliki toplinski gubici
kroz visoke temperature ispušnih
plinova bojlera
• Ekonomizator: Zagrijavanje
napojne vode preko hlađenja
ispušnih plinova bojlera
• Alternativa: Ventilator ispušnih
plinova za automatsko
odzračivanje
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 12
Kondenzat i napojna voda • Sprječava toplinske gubitke, parne
zamke
• Redovito će se razmatrati ili mjenjati
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 13
• Mjera: Korištenje sustava O2 kontrole plamenika na
parnim bojlerima
• Učinak: Višak zraka tjekom procesa gorenja čime se
toplinski gubici ispušnih plinova mogu smanjiti na
najmanju moguću vrijednost. Moguće uštede: 1,5 %
od kupljene energije goriva
• Nadalje, svježi zrak plamena se može dodatno
zagrijati integracijom na već postojeće izvore topline
• Prethodno zagrijavanje zraka za izgaranje plamenika
centralnog bojlera kao i decentraliziranih
proizvođača topline (na primjer zateznih okvira, sušila)
Kontrola plamenika
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 14
Vježbe.
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 15
Zašto novi bojleri imaju manje
rasipanje energije? Zbog …
a. …automatske kontrole i
učinkovite periferije
b. …korištenja obnovljive
energije
Bojler
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 16
Zašto novi bojleri imaju manje
rasipanje energije? Zbog …
a. …automatske kontrole i
učinkovite periferije
b. …korištenja obnovljive
energije
Bojler
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 17
Koliko su moguće uštede kod
kupovine energenta?
a. 1,5 %
b. 10,5 %
Kontrola plamenika
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 18
Koliko su moguće uštede kod
kupovine energenta?
a. 1,5 %
b. 10,5 %
Kontrola plamenika
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 19
Za što se ekonomizator koristi?
a. Smanjenje razine tlaka
b. Zagrijavanje napojne vode
preko hlađenja ispušnih plinova
bojlera
Ekonomizator
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 20
Za što se ekonomizator koristi?
a. Smanjenje razine tlaka
b. Zagrijavanje napojne vode
preko hlađenja ispušnih plinova
bojlera
Ekonomizator
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 21
Upotpuni rečenicu
Unesi točnu riječ koja nedostaje
Kao posljedica promjena u proizvodnji i već
primjenjenih mjera, bojleri su često _________.
predimenzionirani zahrđali neuredni
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 22
Upotpuni rečenicu
Unesi točnu riječ koja nedostaje
Kao posljedica promjena u proizvodnji i već
primjenjenih mjera, bojleri su često _________.
predimenzionirani zahrđali neuredni
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 23
Slučaj iz Prakse.
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 24
Povrat topline u spremniku
napojne vode • Primjer iz prakse:
Sa ciljem smanjenja toplinskih gubitaka, zbog gubitaka pare spremnika
napojne vode, a sa svrhom zagrijavanja napojne vode, u tekstilnoj tvrtci
je instaliran kondenzator pare
condensate
fresh water
feed water balance room
ramp metering
pressure
compensation
heating steam
feed water storage tank
vent condenser
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 25
Predmet Trošak/ ušteda
Uložena sredstva 35.000 €
Ušteda goriva 390 MWh/a HS
Smanjenje troškova 17.500 €/a
Smanjenje ugljičnog dioksida 70 t /a
Povrat topline u spremniku
napojne vode
Izvor: Energie Agentur.NRW (2012): Leitfaden. Effiziente Energienutzung in der Textilveredlung.
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 26
Rezime.
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 27
• Para je jedan od sredstava za prenos topline u
tekstilnoj industriji
• Priprema pare kroz centralni bojler; novi modeli
sa automatskom kontrolom i učinkovitom
periferijom imaju manje rasipanje energije
• Na vijčanim, ventilskim i spojevima prirubnica
preporuča se uporaba posebnih izolacijskih
slojeva
• Kontrola plamenika kroz korištenje sustava O2
kontrole plamenika na parnim bojlerima, može
uštedjeti do 1,5 % od kupljene energije goriva
• Kondenzat i napojna voda sprječavaju
toplinske gubitke i parne zamke
Ponavljanje
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 28
Literatura
[1] Energie Agentur.NRW (2012): Leitfaden. Effiziente Energienutzung in der Textilveredlung. http://www.zitex.de/uploads/media/BEK_Textil_Leitfaden_final.pdf
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 29
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Slide 1
Justin Russell: Illuminated steam
URL: https://www.flickr.com/photos/nightthree/3588328/sizes/z/in/photolist-joFJ-dqrzDJ-b4qSAM-jqG5CK-fnMzhT-6VfKbh-9qS9aH-8Cdd95-
dvtdFK-9a44W-9a3TK-fnMRbM-fo1xMy-fo4f6E-fo2Enw-fnMs2T-fo2H4Q-8e81rC-fwpWxC-9a43q-fFPPH1-7HqeXx-nyGyoj-dRuUf-6nPvej-foygyD-mUN1Xc-mUQ2m3-283wS-9xUrSq-foyU7M-foP6jh-bKoya6-foP899-6STKdz-nqe3Sa-fnP3YR-4S9qD-fnMJ1i-dFGAZ9-5Dt8cX-hnNGJ-foyS7K-foyL2x-
foP5jf-foP4sf-fnSkzm-goDoN4-6SXMd1-5AyGi4/
Licence: CC BY 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.de)
• Slide 2
reflex477: Overview over Paris from Sacré-Cœur –
URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/35164559@N04/4223238879/sizes/m/in/photostream/
License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/legalcode)
• Slide 3
Simon Carr: Steam from old city hall
URL: https://www.flickr.com/photos/simoncarr/6743653889
License: CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.de)
• Slide 4
Karl Frankowski: Midnight at the Steam Plant
URL: https://www.flickr.com/photos/karlfrankowski/312093270/in/photolist-tzyss-bQ2Rxn-bgUWLz-cUJWpo-5AifNW-aGggfB-euBnfV-9a3Hx-
4Ai1Ec-6pR3jy-cUJRVf-cqNDN-4jQ1KP-5sx5a9-dmFap6-91DWUb-6B76oG-arBaUB-78e93-foyuCV-7fERd4-foNKGy-6aJ39x-g8YCC9-6h7wVd-
foPab1-evFruJ-aE5gM7-6NRxcN-58rSab-j1MjXi-iaG3XX-7E3dEh-foP5VA-fB7kwF-gb1dh8-foN1oG-9ERkrW-bB7vEG-dLeT2n-9ZTHF-frgkDy-6FNiwu-
cBsgzo-db5MEV-4vBNJa-9btxNs-5C99jH-89zeHT-799RKW/lightbox/
License: CC BY 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.de)
• Slide 5
Dmytrok: Steam from Philippsburg nuclear power plant
URL: https://www.flickr.com/photos/klimenko/5258257970
License: CC BY-ND 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/deed.de)
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
Programme of the European Union 30
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• Slide 6
Dennis Skley: *grübel*
URL: http://www.flickr.com/photos/dskley/8627475625/sizes/z/in/photostream/
License: CC BY-ND 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/legalcode)
• Slide 7
Simon Adriaensen : Iconscollection - Exclamation Mark
URL: https://www.flickr.com/photos/simiezzz/1070601182/sizes/m/in/photolist-2CB7r5-7z9Uii-KY97U-6QSgJQ-Fvmus-bWyx51-22jqLK-4XsYwU-
5oZw4C-kYQHJc-f2EUTf-64E1TY-RGGyv-5KwYzN/
Licence: CC BY-ND 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/deed.de)
Slide 8
Richard Matthews: Death-trap Boiler
URL: https://www.flickr.com/photos/richardofengland/6855145258/sizes/z/in/photolist-brLpRC-bFeB5o-64fvy4-4cezmH-6iD8TF-64jrC9-cp6csY-
7vgWVK-7AE8y8-csYK59-5bVLhx-ciEUz1-giZR-5RWpA9-EG6bB-PGGHC-c4Hg2C-5c14kb-5c147L-5bVLBH-64d3kv-2efZVq-Kkmfu-3gonds-8MsLab-
64a9jf-mNRPSJ-jrkahi-64FbgG-64hg1Y-64cWpn-83abcB-8A6iQ8-vtWr5-64fNBe-xA6Cf-4HgqZb-FCjds-fkxWuC-nnhLMm-4vnTTz-buDXMT-azWWjb-
64jHuG-8TfyoX-7w2jxk-6iHj2E-6dLNTN-64fSkg-64fyfK/
License: CC BY 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.de)
• Slide 9
Dennis Skley: Vorwärts! 240/365
URL: https://www.flickr.com/photos/dskley/9616930942/sizes/z/in/photolist-8Cbmyb-8rysKq-fDPhwb-dfkyXb-9ZfgNh-eVwGtJ-69YHXd-f4KM3C-
m1QDE-j7v6h9-evHahM-5B76pN-8Vqe6F-hWt5Vm-k61GC-6evyYv-5rivUB-eWf881-9Zfjhu-gGV4A4-79G4ie-9Zfi1E-5rnSdA-5rnSi7-6HSFQw-hBXh52-
d9mU8U-ntDGhx-foyQJV-btF3yM-nxUx3N-isa5ra-h2xviB-4oCS9i-bVMn6F-cEDi6d-bc3RMx-93CqvH-dxWQUQ-9jkUkw-gyofd9-5XhW2Q-aJJsMZ-
7xcJP9-aJ7uYn-eijZKX-9Zdysa-8iyUf8-7FQJwa-6h23S7/
License: CC BY-ND 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/deed.de)
• Slide 10
Kiwithing: PICTO460
URL: https://www.flickr.com/photos/kiwisaotome/13946525013/sizes/z/in/photostream/
License: CC BY-ND 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/deed.de)
Uvod - Teorija - Vježbe - Slučaj iz Prakse - Rezime
Co-funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe
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• Slide 11
Renee Hawk: Auspuff
URL: https://www.flickr.com/photos/pictureartist/6123508940/sizes/z/in/photolist-ak7zSm-82Wxfb-4q5gMg-djAjLD-6sarLR-99DaZF-99DaiR-
99D9NH-99D9gR-99GfWU-99Gfsj-99GeJY-99D7cc-99D6GF-99Gd1w-99Gcwf-6R22fo-4cNyAt-4Tpx2v-4UABWu-5fWBTo-4UwoGi/
License: CC BY-ND 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/deed.de)
• Slide 12
Ramesh Rasaiyan: Water Drop!...
URL: https://www.flickr.com/photos/rameshrasaiyan/4163699892/sizes/z/in/photolist-7kW3Vb-bM3VKz-dv3BfD-mcP9vv-h72Dcf-fonceh-
fPghN8-dv9c9Y-2jW7z5-nKzJmU-mG131t-an2i2j-ei5TA3-9ovCP5-jz87Km-bpHhjs-LsUsG-3UGSzK-byY3VZ-2TCxGu-eGrDXT-x7Fh3-g6pYpv-krqDvB-
8ab4LD-99aWUm-6Rk3p4-nyMmP7-an2itJ-iUKE8K-cGAPn5-eTKTSx-an2iPw-nMYuv-dbTqkD-groL-ex2MP1-fnxqro-bYq2yN-i79kgo-8AjNDc-9XLNtv-
5wG6m1-iGqMPK-22ERid-7n7Kmi-aohzY1-gS3XAb-ebqe3A-c6XaJG/
License: CC BY-NC 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/deed.de)
• Slide 13
Henry Mühlpfordt: Kontrolliertes Feuer in der Nacht 2010-05-06
URL: https://www.flickr.com/photos/wimox/5208818099/sizes/z/in/photolist-8Why9B-5DALtY-9NLikq-gXQidY-ixXv3w-c7VqE1-6ZnhUq-gXReEk-
gXRd3T-gXQpC1-e3gjqb-6MjUkg-ikaM4f-bJxPLk-7PjA1r-nk5k-gXRjwz-y71a7-gXQqsL-fc2DhX-fc2BPK-fcgTaS-fc2yqp-fc2wXp-fcgLw1-9VPmF2-
9VSbdd-8Bxdaa-a96GW8-gXRg6X-a6d3qe-6kSquM-fc2sdi-hdUXSb-gXRn3g-kys92Z-gXPMLQ-bFadpe-gXQtx3-ndrba4-gXQuH9-gXPGys-jstuDc-
gXPCv6-gXPGCJ-gXPEG1-cA85w1-gXQATq-gXQENi-5XVzBz/
License: CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.de)
• Slide 14
Florian Simeth: Arbeiten von zu Hause mit dem Laptop
URL: http://www.flickr.com/photos/hangout-lifestyle/5865980513/sizes/o/in/photostream/
License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/legalcode)
• Slide 15, 17, 19
Bilal Kamoon: Question Mark Graffiti
URL: http://www.flickr.com/photos/bilal-kamoon/6835060992/sizes/m/in/photostream/
License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/legalcode)
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• Slide 16, 18, 20
Photocapy: !
URL: http://www.flickr.com/photos/photocapy/3834784192/sizes/m/in/photostream/
License: CC BY-SA 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/legalcode)
Slide 26
Kutchala Sutchi: Repetition, 23.03.'10, Abidjan-Yopougon (4640)
URI: http://www.flickr.com/photos/kutchala/4469943694/sizes/o/in/photostream/
License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/legalcode)
Slide 27
evoo73: Windows
URL: http://www.flickr.com/photos/evoo73/3702164848/sizes/l/in/photolist-6D9yCq-68gUgN-byrkkv-6yHq7C-68qZeB-6bSytR-7MgbcK-774LZw-
65Q13g-66126u-7mwo9M-6gsSTp-64Xrqo-8UZ4bD-65WEyZ-6yDoqg-6iTjcM-6D6Bn8-6cn7SD-4YQTvN-4nXt13-59cxnL-4jJGzk-5nMcV5-5zaTqE-
5PigRp-5BzJ8t-4hyNRJ-4wSa3V-52MssZ-5ASMt2-5G4T5b-4huHLX-4ZjNaQ-4Atiro-4pV2fU-4Asw56-4x5nLb-5bVxBy-5k6PoW-5gKVHk-4og7bV-4jJHqg-
4huGaK-4YBT4N-5j5YhW-5GEMMi-5bRuuP-4hyNiE-4jNuQo-52Ducc/
License: CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/legalcode)
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