Prefeasibility Report for Proposed Common Hazardous Waste ...environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/Online/TOR/16_Dec_2017... · Maridi Eco Industries Pvt. Ltd is proposing to

Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli

Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka

Prefeasibility Report

for Proposed Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical

Waste Treatment Facility at Plot No. 312-A 2 & 312-A 2 (P), 2nd

Phase, Harohalli Industrial Area, Kanakapura Taluk,

Ramanagara District, Karnataka

Submitted By

M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Pvt. Ltd

Regional Office No. 5, C.M Plaza, No.71,

8th Cross, 1st Main, Sampangirama Nagar,

Bangalore - 560 027, Karnataka

Ph No. 080-41512958, Fax: 080-22103270

Email: [email protected],

Website: www.maridibmw.com

mailto:[email protected]



Contents

S. No. Description Page No.

1. Executive Summary 1

2. Introduction of the project 2

3. Project Description 5

4. Site Analysis 34

5. Planning Brief 38

6. Proposed Infrastructure 39

7. Rehabilitation & Resettlement Plan 41

8. Project Schedule & Cost Estimates 42

9. Analysis of Proposal 43



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1. Executive Summary

M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Pvt. Ltd. proposes to establish a Common Hazardous Waste and

Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility in an area of 2.43 acres (9835 sq. m.) at Plot no. 312-

A2 & 312-A2 (Part), 2nd Phase, Harohalli Industrial Area, Sy no. parts of 799 & 800, Harohalli

Village, Harohalli Hobli, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagara District, Karnataka. The proposed

Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility will provide scientific

disposal of industrial hazardous waste through incineration along with bio-medical waste

treatment and disposal services to health care establishments located in Bengaluru Urban,

Bengaluru Rural, Mandya and Ramanagara Districts (approximately 25,000 beds). The total

waste handling capacity of the proposed facility will be 25 TPD. The proposed facility will

handle up to 20 TPD of Bio-Medical Waste, up to 5 TPD of Hazardous Waste, up to 2 TPD of

non-hazardous commercial waste and up to 1 TPD of household domestic hazardous waste.

However the total waste handled in a day will not exceed 25 TPD.

The proposed facility shall include: (a) Incinerators for treatment of both hazardous and bio-

medical waste – 1 x 500 kg/hr rotary kiln incinerator and 2 x 250 kg/hr static incinerators, (b)

Autoclave – 5 TPD and (c) Shredder – 1000 kg/hr. In addition to hazardous waste and bio-

medical waste, Maridi proposes to manage household hazardous waste and different kinds

of non-hazardous waste streams (through incineration) including: (a) commercial and

institutional waste (b) expired/rejected branded and packaged products (c) narcotics/drugs

from customs/police department etc. Plastic recycling unit will also be established for

recycling of shredded plastic after autoclave.

As per MoEFCC Notification of S.O. No. 1533, dated 14th September 2006 and subsequent

amendments, the proposed project falls under the project activity 7 (d) Common Hazardous

Waste Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facilities (TSDFs), in the schedule, requiring

‘Environmental Clearance’.

The capital cost for the proposed project is estimated to be Rs. 15 Crores. The net water

requirement will be 80 KLD and will be met through KIADB industrial water supply/tankers/

borewell. The power requirement will be about 300 KW. The proposed facility will be

developed as Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) system. The wastewater shall be treated in in-

house ETP and the treated wastewater shall be continuously re-circulated to fulfill the

water requirement of Air Pollution Control Devices (APCDs) attached to the incinerator(s). A

Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) will be installed and the online emission

data generated will be transmitted simultaneously to SPCB/CPCB. Power will be supplied by

Bangalore Electricity Supply Company Limited (BESCOM) and a DG set of 375 kVA will be

used for emergency power backup.



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2. Introduction of the project / Background information

2.1 Identification of Project

The proposed project is a part of the Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage and

Disposal facilities (TSDFs) and falls under Category A.

M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Pvt. Ltd has been operating a Common Bio-Medical Waste

Treatment Facility (CBMWTF) in Bangalore since June 2001. The facility is located in an

area of 4 acres at Sy no. 1/34 & 1/35, Gabbadi Kaval, Harohalli (V),KIADB, Kanakapura

Road, Ramanagar (D).

M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Pvt. Ltd is proposing to relocate, expand the existing capacity

and include the hazardous waste incineration in the proposed plant in an area of 2.43

acres (9835 sq. m.) at Plot no. 312-A2 & 312-A2 (Part), 2nd Phase, Harohalli Industrial Area,

Sy no. parts of 799 & 800, Harohalli (V), Harohalli Hobli, Kanakapura (T), Ramanagara (D).

2.1.1 Project Proponent

Mr.Sridhar Bommera

Senior Manager,

M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Private Limited,

Regional Office No. 5, C.M Plaza,

No.71, 8th Cross, 1st Main,

Sampangirama Nagar, Bangalore -560027

E-mail: [email protected]

Mobile: +91-9845258603/9481190926

2.2 Brief description of the nature of the project

M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Pvt. Ltd is proposing to put up a 500 kg/hr (rotary kiln)

incinerator for treatment of hazardous waste and bio medical waste and 2 x 250 kg/hr

(static) Incinerator for treatment of bio-medical waste, along with autoclave (5 TPD) and

shredder (1000 kg/hr). The total waste handling capacity of the proposed facility will be 25

TPD. The proposed facility will handle up to 20 TPD of Bio-Medical Waste, up to 5 TPD of

Hazardous Waste, up to 2 TPD of non-hazardous commercial waste and up to 1 TPD of

household domestic hazardous waste. However the total waste handled in a day will not

exceed 25 TPD.

Keeping in view the difficulties faced by industries generating hazardous waste and health

care institutions that cannot make their own arrangements due to high cost involved in

treatment facilities, there was need for centralized system for treatment. Also, Central

Pollution Control Board had made the guidelines for “Common Bio-Medical Waste

mailto:[email protected]



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Treatment Facility” in order to discourage the individual incineration facility by health

care establishments and strengthening CBWTF system.

The present proposal is to obtain Environmental Clearance for the proposed Common

Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility which is spread over an area

of 2.43 acres and is aimed to manage Hazardous Waste generated from nearby industries

and Bio-Medical Waste generated from the health care units of Bengaluru Urban,

Bengaluru Rural, Mandya and Ramanagara Districts.

The objective for the proposed project is:

To enable handle the hazardous wastes in a lawful manner.

To prevent accumulation of the hazardous wastes.

To establish an administrative framework and recommend the necessary

infrastructure to ensure proper collection transport, transit storage, treatment and

disposal of the hazardous wastes.

Collection of Segregated Bio-Medical waste and its transportation, storage,

treatment and disposal in accordance with the Bio-Medical Waste Management

Rules 2016.

Comply with statutory and environmental norms.

Introduce a continuing waste management education program for all staff to

increase awareness of Occupational Health & Safety issues and waste minimization

principles.

Adopt policies and procedures to minimize the environmental impacts of waste

treatment and disposal.

Reporting to regulatory authorities as required.

2.2.1 Salient features of the project

S. No. Parameters Description

1 Introduction of the

project

Project falls under Category “A” projects of activity 7 (d) as

per EIA Notification dated 14th September,2006 and its

subsequent amendments

2 Project Proponent M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Private Limited

3 Proposed plant

capacity

25 TPD

4 Total Plot Area 2.43 acres (9835 Sq. m.)

5 Water requirement Net water requirement is 80 KLD

6 Source of water Water requirement will be met through Industrial area water

supply/external tankers/Borewell.

7 Wastewater The wastewater shall be treated in ETP and the treated



4

wastewater shall be continuously re-circulated to fulfill the

water requirement of Air Pollution Control Devices (APCDs)

attached to the incinerator(s).

8 Man Power 60 persons

9 Electricity/ Power

requirement

The power requirement is 300 KW which will be supplied by

Bangalore Electricity Supply Company Limited (BESCOM). DG

set of 375 kVA is being used for emergency power backup.

10 Total project cost Rs. 15 Crores

2.3 Need for the project

Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MoEFCC), Govt. of India has notified

the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules,

2016 and Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules 2016. In accordance to these rules,

hazardous waste generated in any of the occupiers establishment should be sent to

authorized TSDF for treatment of hazardous waste and every occupier of a Health Care

Establishment (HCE) shall either set up requisite Bio-Medical waste treatment facilities on

site or ensure requisite treatment of the Bio-Medical waste at an approved Common Bio-

Medical Waste Treatment Facility.

Industries located in and around Ramanagara district have to spend a lot of money in

transportation of hazardous waste to existing TSDF facilities. The proposed incinerator

will help industries dispose of their hazardous waste efficiently and at low cost (because

of savings in transportation). Also, majority of the hospitals do not have adequate

arrangement for disposal of the hospital waste. Keeping in view the difficulties faced by

private hospitals, nursing homes and clinics that cannot make their own arrangements

due to high cost involved in Treatment facilities, there is a need for centralized system for

treatment. Hence, set up of a Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste

Treatment Facility is essential.

2.4 Demand – Supply gap

The facility caters the need of nearby industries and the healthcare establishments in

Bengaluru Urban, Bengaluru Rural, Mandya and Ramanagara Districts.

2.5 Employment Generation (Direct and Indirect) due to the project

Around 60 skilled and unskilled persons are required for the proposed facility. Local people

from nearby villages shall be employed based on requirement.



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3. Project Description

3.1 Type of project

A Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility is required for

the treatment of Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical waste to reduce the adverse effects

of these waste that may pose. The proposed Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical

Waste Treatment Facility includes Incinerator, Autoclave, Shredder, etc.

3.2 Location of the Site

The proposed Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility will

be established in an area of 2.43 Acre (9835 Sq. m) at Plot no. 312-A2 & 312-A2 (Part), 2nd

Phase, Harohalli Industrial Area, Sy no. parts of 799 & 800, Village Harohalli, Harohalli

Hobli, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagara District, Karnataka. The location of site along with

project boundary in google map and project site layout is given below in Figure 1 & 2.

3.3 Details of Alternate sites

No alternative sites have been considered for the proposed Common Hazardous Waste and

Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility as the facility will be established in a notified

industrial area and also it covers good range of medical facilities in Bengaluru Urban,

Bengaluru Rural, Mandya and Ramanagara Districts.

3.4 Size and Magnitude of Project

The proposed Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility shall be

developed in an area of 2.43 acre. The total cost of the proposed project is Rs. 15 Crores.

The proposed facility shall have the following key components: (a) Incinerators for

treatment of both hazardous and bio-medical waste – 1 x 500 kg/hr rotary kiln incinerator

and 2 x 250 kg/hr static incinerators, (b) Autoclave – 5 TPD, (c) Shredder – 1000 kg/hr and

(d) D.G Set – 375 kVA. In addition to bio-medical waste, Maridi proposes to manage

(through incineration) different kinds of non-hazardous waste streams including: (a)

commercial and institutional waste (b) expired/rejected branded and packaged products (c)

narcotics/drugs from customs/police department etc. Plastic recycling unit will also be

established for recycling of shredded plastic after autoclave.

Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka

6

Figure 1

Google Map of Project Site

Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka

7

Figure 2

Layout of the Proposed Facility



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3.5 Project Description with Process Details

M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Private Limited, proposes to setup a Common Hazardous

Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility that includes Incinerator with

appropriate APCDs, Autoclave, Shredder and Effluent Treatment Plant.

The treatment technology adapted at the facility is described below:

3.5.1. Incineration: This is a high temperature thermal process employing combustion of

the waste under controlled condition for converting it into inert material and gases.

Incinerators can be oil fired or electrically powered or a combination of both. Broadly,

three types of incinerators are used for treatment of waste: multiple hearth type, rotary

kiln and controlled air types. All the types have primary and secondary combustion

chambers to ensure optimal combustion. These are refractory lined.

Combustion takes place in the primary chamber whereas the secondary chamber is for

gas phase combustion. These are referred to as excess air incinerators because excess air

is present in both the chambers .Thus the waste is incinerated in two stages i.e. the

primary chamber and the secondary combustion chamber which is positioned adjacent to

each other. The flue gases then passes through the high pressure drop Venturi Scrubber,

droplet separator and are let out to atmosphere via ID fan and chimney. The Primary

Combustion Chamber operates under near pyrolytic condition where the waste is

decomposed and all volatiles are released. The substrate remained, gets converted into

sterile ash. The volatiles released from the Primary Combustion Chamber are then

completely burnt in the Secondary Combustion Chamber under high temperature &

excess air.

3.5.1.1. Rotary Kiln Incinerator

Rotary kiln incinerators are designed with a primary chamber, where the waste is heated

and volatilized, and a secondary chamber, where combustion of the volatile fraction is

completed. The primary chamber consists of a slightly inclined, rotating kiln in which

waste materials migrate from the feed end to the ash discharge end.

Volatiles and combustion gases pass from the primary chamber to the secondary

chamber. The secondary chamber operates at excess air. Combustion of the volatiles is

completed in the secondary chamber. Due to the turbulent motion of the waste in the

primary chamber, solids burnout rates and particulate entrainment in the flue gas are

higher for rotary kiln incinerators than for other incinerator designs. As a result, rotary

kiln incinerators generally have add-on gas cleaning devices. The components are

proposed to setup along with incinerator given in Table 1.



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Table -1

Proposed Components for Incinerator setup

S.No List of Components

1.

Rotary Kiln System with

Shell of IS : 2062 Grade “A”

Riding rings with mountings

Girth gear with support brackets

and bolts

Kiln drive assembly with VVVF

Drive

Support roller assembly

Trunion & thrust roller assembly

Sealing arrangement

Refractory Material

Cart dumping system

Charging Hopper

2. Inlet head with following material

handling arrangement

Ram feeding system

Refractory for Inlet Head

Ash Conveyor

Refractory Material

3. Discharge Breeching with CS Shell

Emergency Vents

4. Single Drum Pyrolyser with the following

Isolation Damper

Refractory Material

Combustion system

Ducting

Emergency stack

Refractory Material

5. Secondary Combustion Chamber with CS Vessel

SS Distributor

6. Spray Dryer with the following

Disc Atomizer with motor

Refractory Material

Effluent Pumping Unit

Pipe Line Connections

Cooling Air fan

Rotary valve

Shell of SS construction with CS

Supports

Rotary Valve

7. Multi Cyclones Lime Silo with discharge bin



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Carbon storage hopper with bag

holding mechanism

8. Reagent System which includes the

following

Screw feeder for both Lime &

Activated carbon

Venturi Injection system with

Roots blower

Interconnecting Pipe lines

CS Housing, hopper and manifold

Compressed air header and blow-

tubes

9. Bag Filter modules

Rotary air lock

Filter bags of PTFE membrane on

Fiber glass

Bag cages

Pulse valve

Timer and sequence controller

Inlet butterfly valve, Outlet

poppet valves and bypass valve

Internal coating,

External insulation.

Hopper Heaters & Pneumatic

Vibrators

CS Packed Bed Chamber

Pre quench

10. Wet Scrubber With The Following

Packing materials

Scrubbing Liquid Circulation

System

Caustic dosing System

Re-Circulation Tank

Sampling Ports

Platform with Ladder

11. Stack of 40 Mtrs. Height with the

following:

Aviation Lamp

Lightning Arrestor

Drain Point

Man Hole

as per layout with refractory

material.

Kiln energetic liquid / waste oil

lance



11

12. Interconnecting ducting Kiln aqueous waste / water spray

lance

13. Combustion System for Rotary kiln with

Kiln auxiliary clean fuel oil burner

with supply train

Burner and lance supply train

components

Fuel supply piping train

components

Energetic liquid / waste oil lance

Auxiliary clean fuel oil burner

with supply train

14. Combustion System for SCC with

Burner and lance supply train

components

Fuel supply piping train

components

Fuel pump with motor

Liquid waste pump with motor

15. Rotary Equipment’s includes

Aqueous waste pump with motor

Evaporator cooler pump

Scrubber recirculation pumps

Caustic dosing pumps

C.A. Fan

ID Fan

Local push buttons

Electrical cables and connectors

16. Electrical panel as per drive list

Cable trays and supports

Allen Bradley make

Power supply with cable

17. PLC System

PC Interface with PC and Laser

Printer

Analog Input and Output cards

Fused digital input and output

cards

KT Interface card

I/O Chassis

Fuel

High Energy Liquid Waste

18. Day Tanks Aqueous Waste

Caustic Lye



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19. Instruments as per P& I Diagrams

20. Piping within the Battery Limit

21. Piping with fittings, valves, hard wares required

Concept of Incineration

Incineration is an ultimate treatment process, applied to certain wastes that cannot be

recycled, reused or safely deposited into a landfill. It is a high temperature, thermal

destruction oxidation process in which hazardous wastes are converted in the presence of

oxygen in air into gases and incombustible solid residue. The gases are vented into the

atmosphere with cleaning as deemed necessary while the solid residue is sent to landfill

for disposal.

The proposed incinerator would cater for the disposal/ destruction of the following

wastes:

Spent Solvents

Waste Oils, Oil Emulsions and Oil mixtures

Refinery Wastes

Expired Medicines

Phenolic Wastes

Grease and Wax Wastes

Solid materials contaminated with oils.

Soiled organics with high calorific value

The Incineration system is designed to handle the following wastes from various

Industries:-

Pumpable energetic liquid organic wastes free from suspended solids

Pumpable aqueous wastes with limits as to T.D.S. & free from suspended solids

Advantages of Incineration

The following advantages of incineration of hazardous wastes

Ability to handle heterogeneous waste

High efficiency due to

Vigorous mixing in the bed

High retention time

Low NOx formation due to

Lower operating temperature &



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Low excess air

In bed neutralization possible for removing acid gasses

Quick restart due to heat stored in the bed

Absence of moving parts hence low maintenance

Flexibility to handle diverse fuels

Residence time can be adjusted by varying kiln speed

Waste feeding without much preparation

Waste heat recovery is possible

Gas cooling systems can be fixed

Well Scrubbing systems can be added

Temperature control for constant efficiently

Air control for adequate excess air

Interlocks for safe operational shut down

Incineration System Design

An incinerator consists of a burner which ignites the supplied fuel and combustibles in the

waste feed in a combustion chamber. Thermal destructions of most organic compounds

occur at a temperature between 850 oC to 1100 oC. To achieve thermal destruction,

residence time usually ranges from 30 to 90 minutes for solid waste and 0.5 to 2.0

seconds for liquid waste. Turbulent mixing is important because the waste and fuel must

contact the combustion gases if complete combustion is to occur. Sufficient oxygen must

be present and is supplied as ambient air or as pure oxygen through an injection system.

A typical incineration system consists of several distinct units. The first unit is the kiln or

primary combustion chamber, in to which waste is fed and in which initial volatilization

and destruction of contaminants take place. Gases formed during incineration in the kiln

include un combustible organics or combustion by-products, which are generally referred

as Products of Incomplete Combustion (PIC). These PICs' are drawn to a secondary

combustion chamber to inverse the efficiency of destruction of PIC's. Residual bottom ash

produced typically exist the kiln through a gravity drop and then cooled before disposal in

to landfill.

The off-gases from secondary chamber is routed through an air pollution control system

in which gases are cooled and removes particulate matter and final flue gases are emitted

through a stack.

The installed capacity details of incinerator are given in Table 2.



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Table-2

Technical Details of Incinerator setup

S. No. Details

1 Incinerator capacity 1.5 Million Kcal/Hr

2 Quantity of Hazardous Waste 500 kg/Hr

3 Calorific Value 3000 - 5500 Kcal/kg

4 Fuel Requirement HSD: 30Litres/ Hour,

Furnace Oil: 90 Litres/ Hour

The Rotary Kiln is designed for ashing mode operation only.

Incineration Feed Rate: Due to non-homogeneous nature of the waste, characteristics

including the required Calorific Value and the feed rate through the kiln and system heat

of combustion, moisture and ash content, bulk density will vary. All these factors will

affect I influence the feed rate and auxiliary fuel requirement.

The possibility of variations in liquid wastes feed rate to be incinerated due to its Calorific

Values. Required heating value liquids are to be fed at Rotary Kiln and that of high to be in

Secondary Combustion Chamber (SCC). The net LCV of the liquid waste should be such as

to help sustain flame at the lances.

The incinerable wastes shall be pre-processed in case of necessary for making it uniform

calorific value and maintain the norms of halogen concentrations less than 1% and all.

Wastes are fed through cart dumper and ram feeder into the rotary kiln and the hot gases

are sent to the secondary combustion chamber. Temperature at SCC will be min. 11000C

for wastes with a gas residence time of 2 seconds. The residence time and the desired

temperatures are maintained at both primary and secondary combustion chambers for

complete combustion as per CPCB guidelines for hazardous waste incineration. The gases

after complete combustion shall be sent to spray drier I evaporative cooler for cooling

followed by Gas cleaning equipment. The Schematic Diagram of Incineration process is

shown in Figure 3.

The gases are passed through multi cyclones for removal of particulates. Then dry lime

and activated carbon are injected for neutralization of acidic gases and removal of organic

constituents if any. The flue gases then passed through bag filters for complete removal

particulates and then through wet alkaline scrubber for neutralization. The flue gases

after completely cleaned in all respects shall be sent out through a 30 m stack. Emission

Standards for common hazardous waste incinerator is presented in Annexure - IV.



15

Figure-3 Schematic Diagram of Incineration Process

Storage of lncinerable Hazardous Waste

An lncinerable waste storage shed with adequate capacity as per CPCB guidelines will also

be established as a necessary infrastructure. The design of storage shed will be

considered as per following requirements.

Minimum of 15m distance between storage shed

Fire break of at least 4m between two blocks of stacked drums

Maximum of 300 T incinerable waste storage limit in a block of drums

At least 1m clear space between two adjacent rows of drums in a pair for routine

inspection purposes

Spillage or leakage control measures to be adopted in the event of any leakage or

spillages

Record keeping and maintenance of shed

Fire detection, protection and safety measures as well as performing safety audits

every year by the operator of a facility and externally once in two years by a

reputed expert agency.

Storage area shall be designed in such a way that the floor level is at least 150m

above the maximum flood level.

Signboards showing precautionary measures to be taken, in case of normal and

emergency situations shall be displayed at appropriate locations.



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Laboratory Facilities

The existing laboratory facility will be used for tests to be conducted at incineration

facility with an objective to study the following

Storage and Feeding requirements: physical form of waste, pH, hazardous waste

properties such as inflammability, reactivity, compatibility with other wastes etc. for

segregating the waste and to store accordingly, in order to suit feeding mechanism.

Operating conditions of the furnaces: viscosity, moisture content, total organic carbon,

calorific value, volatility of the waste, special incompatible wastes, inorganic salts, metals

etc.

Air pollution control devices: chlorides & other halogens, sulphur, nitrates, mercury &

other heavy metals etc. The laboratory of the TSDF facility shall be capable of monitoring

all the parameters prior to disposal.

Waste Feeding

Waste-feeding plays an important role to achieve desired combustion efficiencies.

Continuous feeding of homogeneous waste having same/similar calorific value to the

combustion chambers is the desired option. However, often maintaining homogeneous

feed of waste is not feasible due to incompatibility of different wastes for mixing.

Conventionally, hazardous wastes in solid form are fed through a hydraulic system, which

will have automatic two gates i.e. once the outside plate is closed, inner side plate is

opened and solid waste mass is hydraulically pushed inside the Kiln and once the inner

side plate is closed, outer plate is opened for next batch of solid waste. This system,

besides negative pressure in the combustion chambers is required to ensure safety and to

prevent workmen exposure to thermal radiation.

Combustion Chambers

Incineration plant shall be designed, equipped, built and operated in such a way that the

gas resulting from the process is raised, after the last injection of combustion air, in a

controlled and homogenous fashion.

Incineration plant will be equipped with one auxiliary burner which would be switched on

automatically with the temperature of the combustion gases after the last injection of

combustion air falls below specified temperature. It will also be used during plant startup

and shut-down operations in order to maintain the minimum specified temperature at all

times during operations and as long as unburnt waste is in the combustion chamber.

The burners will be pressure-atomized type with approved certification from the Bureau



17

of Indian Standards or equivalent.

Kiln and secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator will be made of mild steel

conforming to IS: 2062 and of suitable thickness lined with high-grade refractory and

insulation, so as not to buckle in or bulge out.

Combustion chambers (Kiln & secondary combustion chamber) will be designed to supply

with excessive air to ensure complete burning of wastes. The blower will provided with

appropriate capability to supply of combustion air. Incinerator facility will have a window

fitted with safety view glass to view the kiln (axially) and flame in secondary combustion

chambers.

As the common incineration systems will be handling wastes having varying heat value,

and while ensuring Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Loss On Ignition (LOI) requirements in

the ash/slag, there are possibilities for sudden rise of temperatures in the kiln. Therefore,

the facilities will be designed with thermal refractory bricks and insulation capable of

withstanding a minimum temperature of 1,300°C (typically, corundum / chromium

bricks). Interlocking arrangements for CO and temperature controls (in primary and

secondary chamber) with feeding devices will also be provided.

All the burners will be equipped with automatic flame control system. Exit doors will be

provided at suitable place, one each on the primary kiln and the secondary chamber of

the incinerator for ease in inspection and maintenance.

Rotary Kiln

To maintain designed heat capacity of the kiln, quantity of the solid waste injection

package (kg/single injection) will be adjusted w.r.t. calorific value of the waste feed.

When a high calorific value possessing solid waste is injected in packets, the size of each

injection will be reduced, such that the peak CO concentration in the Kiln does not exceed

too high in the initial stage, creating shooting of emissions to the secondary chamber,

thereby crisis in ensuring the required retention time.

Appropriate slope (in general, 3 degrees), rotation rates (around 10/hr) and solid waste

residence time (1-10 hr) will be adjusted for the kilns, in order to achieve total organic

carbon (TOC) and loss on ignition (LOI) requirements in the ash/slag.

Feed silica and glass in appropriate ratios to the kilns to form a cover over the refractory

lining, as and when the thickness of the layer reduces. This will improve the life of

refractory and insulation bricks.

In the rotary kiln, the temperature will be maintained at 800+°C in order to complete

burning of solid waste. Controlled flow of air will be maintained for complete



18

volatilization of solid waste.

Secondary Combustion Chamber

Minimum temperature requirement in the secondary combustion chamber is 1100 °C.

The design and operating conditions will be a minimum of 2 seconds residence time in the

secondary combustion chambers, under critical feed conditions, so as to bring complete

combustion of volatile matter evolved from the primary combustion chamber.

Pollution Control Devices

There are many combinations of treatment units installed for gas cleaning and removal of

air pollutants, to comply with the standards. Designed treatment scheme will comprise of

following equipment, in combination, with adequate efficiencies to meet the emission

standards:

Dioxins: Keeping De-novo synthesis in the backdrop, steps must be taken to prevent

reformation of dioxins by rapidly lowering the flue gas temperatures, particularly from

500 °C to less than 200 °C by adopting rapid quench / catalyst / adsorption by activated

carbon etc.

Particulate matter: Fine particulates in the flue gases require specific dust separation

technologies such as bag filters, electro static precipitator etc. in order to meet flue gas

standard. In case of electro static precipitators, special care is required to avoid electric

sparks due to the dust to avoid reformation of dioxins and adsorption to the fine dust.

Mercury: If the feeding waste contains mercury and its compounds, there is an every

chance of these emissions to get air borne. Therefore, requires specific treatment for

control of these emissions. (Ex. activated carbon, conversion into mercuric chloride and

then to mercuric sulphide etc.)

SO2: Sulphur in the feeding waste upon thermal oxidation forms sulphur dioxide, which

requires control measures to meet the standard. Conventional method followed is

scrubbing by alkali (alkali dry / wet scrubber with hydrated lime or sodium hydroxide

injection).

HCl & HF: In order to control halogen emissions to the desired level, in particular

chlorides and fluorides, conventionally water/alkali scrubbers are in use.

Mist: Often there is a need to eliminate the mist in the stack emissions, therefore, where

necessary de- mister may be provided.

A Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) will be installed and the online

emission data generated will be transmitted simultaneously to SPCB/CPCB.



19

Stack height

A Stack height shall not be less than 30 meters, in any case. A Stack height requirement

based on sulphur dioxide emissions by using the equation - stack height = 14 (Q) 0.3

[Where, Q is the emission rate of SO2 in kg/hr] By using simple Gaussian plume model to

maintain ambient air quality requirements for all concerned parameters, in the receiving

environment.

3.5.1.2. Air Pollution Control Devices (APCDs): The gases after being burnt at 1050°C

shall be run into a venturi scrubber followed by a flooded scrubber with water quenching

arrangement. The scrubber shall be an alkaline scrubber to neutralize the gases and

ensure trapping of any pollutants escaping into the environment. The purpose of water

quenching is to reduce the temperature of the gases which are at high temperature. The

clean gases are let out into the environment. Wastewater generated in the facility shall

be treated in In-House ETP and the treated water shall be reused primarily in APCDs

connected to the Incinerator. The system is thus a zero discharge system in terms of

water discharges and is pollution free.

3.5.1.3. Autoclave: An autoclave is a specialized piece of equipment designed to deliver

121°C temperature under 15 psi pressure to a chamber, with the goal of decontaminating

or sterilizing the contents of the chamber. Decontamination is the reduction of

contamination to a level where it is no longer a hazard to people or the environment. To

ensure safety and quality control, all bio-hazardous materials and items contaminated

with potentially infectious agents should be decontaminated before use or disposal. Such

items include, but are not limited to: culture media, surgical instruments, laboratory

equipment, glassware, and Bio-Medical waste including sharps waste.

3.5.1.4. Shredder: Shredding is a process by which waste are de-shaped or cut into

smaller pieces so as to make the waste unrecognizable. Shredder has non- corrosive sharp

blades capable for shredding of plastic waste, sharps, bottles, needles, tubings, and other

general waste. The low speed two shaft systems is effective for shredding hard and solid

waste. The dis-infected waste shall then be segregated into HDPE, PP, rubber, latex, glass

and metal. The segregated materials shall then be shredded completing the process of

dis-infection and ensuring non-recycling of the waste materials for medical/ food grade

purposes.

Waste Treatment and Disposal Scheme: Depending on the category/nature of the waste,

the following treatment and disposal method are employed according to Bio-Medical

Waste Management Rules 2016 mentioned in Table 3.



20

3.6 Mode of Collection and Transportation of Bio-Medical Waste

Bio-Medical Waste segregated in color coded containers as per Bio-Medical Waste

Management and Handling Rules shall be collected from various Health Care Facilities

located in Bengaluru Urban, Bengaluru Rural, Mandya and Ramanagara Districts. The

collected waste shall be transported in specially designed closed vehicle to the proposed

facility for treatment and disposal. M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Private Limited is

intending to have appropriate number of closed vehicles for the collection &

transportation of Bio-Medical waste to proposed facility. The flow chart showing the

process details of bio-medical waste treatment is given in Figure 4.

Figure 4

Process Flow Chart

The key components of Bio-medical waste treatment are broadly classified as following:

Waste Segregation: Waste segregation reduces the load of Bio-Medical waste from about 2

kg/bed-day to about 0.25 kg/bed-day and this also minimize the environmental impacts



21

associated with further processing. Waste is segregated into domestic refuse, hazardous

waste and infectious waste separately. Further the infectious waste is segregated into

plastics, metals, and other infectious waste. Segregation is done effectively if performed at

source. CPCB/MoEFCC has issued clear guidelines for color coded segregation.

Waste Collection and Transport: It will be ensured that there are no environmental or

human impacts while collecting and transporting Bio-Medical waste.

Treatment/ Storage/ Disposal: Treatment/ Storage and disposal of the waste have various

options available. Waste treatment can be effectively performed by two operations running

parallel to each other:

Disinfecting Unit: A Disinfecting unit is one that will effectively kill all the microorganisms.

Autoclaving, Microwaving, Hydroclaving and Chemical disinfection processes are the most

prevalent technologies used for disinfection of pathogens from the Bio-Medical waste.

In this facility, Autoclave is used for the purpose of Bio-Medical waste management is

expected to be dedicated for disinfecting only and is shall operate under standards specified

by CPCB. Medical Waste shall not be considered treated unless the time, temperature and

pressure indicated in the standards are reached (for eg.121° C, 15 psi for 1 hour for normal

autoclave).

Destruction Unit: A Destruction unit is one that will completely destroy the waste. High

temperature incinerators are used to achieve this. Incineration is a process by which

combustible materials are burnt, producing combustion gases and non-combustible

residue and ash. The combustible gases are vented into the air after treatment through

air pollution control devices. Ash and other non-combustible residue remain after the

destruction/ incineration process are sent to TSDF for final disposal.

Waste Storage: There shall be two rooms for storage of waste. One for storage of

untreated wastes and another for treated wastes. The storage rooms shall have easy to

wash floors & walls, smooth and fine surfaces and also provision for ‘fly catcher/killing

device’ etc. Washing and cleaning of rooms with suitable disinfectant every day.

Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D),

Karnataka

22

Table 3

Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules 2016

Category Type of Waste Type of Bag or

Container to be

used

Treatment and Disposal

options (as per Bio-Medical

Waste Management Rules,

2016)

Treatment and

Disposal Option

Proposed for Bio-

Medical Waste

Treatment

Yellow (a)Human Anatomical Waste

Human tissues, organs, body parts

and fetus below the viability period

(as per the Medical Termination of

Pregnancy Act 1971, amended from

time to time).

Yellow coloured

non-chlorinated

plastic bags

Incineration or Plasma

Pyrolysis or deep burial

Incineration

(b)Animal Anatomical Waste

Experimental animal carcasses,

body parts, organs, tissues,

including the waste generated from

animals used in experiments or

testing in veterinary

hospitals or colleges or animal

houses.

Incineration


Karnataka

23


Container to be

used




2016)

Treatment and

Disposal Option

Proposed for Bio-

Medical Waste

Treatment (c)Soiled Waste

Items contaminated with blood,

body fluids like dressings, plaster

casts, cotton swabs and bags

containing residual or discarded

blood and blood components.

Incineration deep burial or

Plasma Pyrolysis or

In absence of above facilities,

Autoclaving or micro-waving/

hydroclaving followed by

shredding or mutilation or

combination of sterilization

and shredding. Treated waste

to be sent for energy

recovery.

Incineration

(d)Expired or Discarded

Medicines

Pharmaceutical waste

Like antibiotics, cytotoxic drugs

including all items contaminated

with cytotoxic drugs along with

glass or plastic ampoules, vials etc

Yellow coloured

non-chlorinated

plastic bags or

containers

Expired cytotoxic drugs and

items contaminated with

cytotoxic drugs to be

returned back to the

manufacturer or supplier for

incineration at

temperature>12000C or to

common bio-medical waste

treatment facility or

hazardous waste treatment,

storage and disposal facility

for incineration at >12000C or

Incineration


Karnataka

24


Container to be

used




2016)

Treatment and

Disposal Option

Proposed for Bio-

Medical Waste

Treatment Encapsulation or Plasma

Pyrolysis at >12000C.

All other discarded medicines

shall be either sent back to

manufacturer or disposed by

incineration.

(e)Chemical Waste

Chemicals used in production of

biological and used or discarded

disinfectants.

Yellow coloured

containers or

non-chlorinated

plastic bags

Disposed of by incineration or

Plasma Pyrolysis or

Encapsulation in hazardous

waste treatment, storage and

disposal facility.

Incineration

(f)Chemical Liquid Waste:

Liquid waste generated due to use

of chemicals in production of

biological and used or discarded

disinfectants, Silver X-ray film

developing liquid, discarded

Formalin, infected secretions,

aspirated body fluids, liquid from

laboratories and floor washings,

cleaning, house-keeping and

Separate

collection

system leading

to effluent

treatment system

After resource recovery, the

chemical liquid waste shall be

pre-treated before mixing

with other wastewater. The

combined discharge shall

conform to the discharge

norms

Not accepted at the

Bio-medical waste

treatment facility


Karnataka

25


Container to be

used




2016)

Treatment and

Disposal Option

Proposed for Bio-

Medical Waste

Treatment disinfecting activities etc.

(g)Discarded linen,

mattresses, beddings

contaminated with

blood or body fluid.

Non-chlorinated

yellow plastic

bags or suitable

packing material

Non- chlorinated chemical

disinfection followed by

incineration or Plasma

Pyrolysis or for energy

recovery.

In absence of above facilities,


combination of Sterilization


to be sent for energy

recovery or incineration or

Plasma Pyrolysis.

Incineration

(h)Microbiology, Biotechnology

and other clinical laboratory waste:

Blood bags Laboratory cultures,

stocks or specimens of micro-

organisms, live or attenuated

vaccines, human and animal cell

Autoclave safe

plastic bags or

containers

Pre-treat to sterilize with

non- chlorinated chemicals

on-site as per National AIDS

Control Organisation or

World Health Organisation

guidelines thereafter for

Incineration


Karnataka

26


Container to be

used




2016)

Treatment and

Disposal Option

Proposed for Bio-

Medical Waste

Treatment cultures used in research, industrial

laboratories, production of

biological, residual toxins, dishes

and devices used for cultures.

Incineration.

Red Contaminated Waste (Recyclable)

(a) Wastes generated from

disposable items such as tubing,

bottles, intravenous tubes and sets,

catheters, urine bags, syringes

(without needles and fixed needle

syringes) and vaccutainers with

their needles cut) and gloves.

Red coloured non-

chlorinated plastic

bags or containers

Autoclaving or micro-waving/

hydroclaving followed by


combination of sterilization


to be sent to registered or

authorized recyclers or for

energy recovery or plastics to

diesel or fuel oil or for road

making, whichever is

possible.

Plastic waste should not be

sent to landfill sites.

Autoclave

White

(Translucent)

Waste sharps including Metals:

Needles, syringes with fixed

needles, needles from needle tip

cutter or burner, scalpels, blades, or

any other contaminated sharp

Puncture proof,

Leak proof, tamper

proof containers

Autoclaving or Dry Heat

Sterilization followed by


encapsulation in metal

container or cement

Autoclave


Karnataka

27


Container to be

used




2016)

Treatment and

Disposal Option

Proposed for Bio-

Medical Waste

Treatment object that may cause puncture and

cuts. This includes both used,

discarded and

Contaminated metal sharps

concrete, combination of

shredding cum autoclaving,

and sent for final disposal to

iron foundries (having

consent to operate from the

State Pollution Control

Boards or Pollution Control

Committees) or sanitary

landfill or designated

concrete waste sharp pit.

Blue (a)Glassware: Broken or discarded

and contaminated glass including

medicine vials and ampoules except

those contaminated with cytotoxic

wastes.

Cardboard boxes

with blue colored

marking

Disinfection (by soaking the

washed glass waste after

cleaning with detergent and

Sodium Hypochlorite

treatment) or through

autoclaving or microwaving

or hydroclaving and then sent

for recycling.

Autoclave

(b)Metallic Body Implants Cardboard boxes

with blue colored

marking



28

1. All non- chlorinated plastic bags shall be as per BIS standards prevailing

Plastic Waste Management Rules.

2. Chemical treatment using at least 10% Sodium Hypochlorite having 30%

residual chlorine for twenty minutes or any other equivalent chemical reagent

that should demonstrate Log104 reduction efficiency for microorganisms as

given in Schedule- III.

3. Mutilation or shredding will be to an extent to prevent unauthorized reuse.

4. There will be no chemical pretreatment before incineration, except for

microbiological, lab and highly infectious waste.

5. Incineration ash (ash from incineration of any Bio-Medical waste) shall be

disposed through hazardous waste treatment, storage and disposal facility, if

toxic or hazardous constituents are present beyond the prescribed limits as

given in the Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Trans boundary

Movement) Rules, 2008 or as revised from time to time.

6. Dead Fetus below the viability period (as per the Medical Termination of

Pregnancy Act 1971, amended from time to time) can be considered as human

anatomical waste. Such waste should be handed over to the operator of

common Bio-Medical waste treatment and disposal facility in yellow bag with a

copy of the official Medical Termination of Pregnancy certificate from the

Obstetrician or the Medical Superintendent of hospital or healthcare

establishment.

7. Cytotoxic drug vials shall not be handed over to unauthorized person

under any circumstances. These shall be sent back to the manufactures for

necessary disposal at a single point. As a second option, these may be sent for

incineration at common Bio-Medical waste treatment and disposal facility or

TSDFs or plasma pyrolysis at temperature >1200 °C.

8. Residual or discarded chemical wastes, used or discarded disinfectants and

chemical sludge can be disposed at hazardous waste treatment, storage and

disposal facility. In such case, the waste should be sent to hazardous waste

treatment, storage and disposal facility through operator of common Bio-

Medical waste treatment and disposal facility only.

9. On-site pre-treatment of laboratory waste, microbiological waste, blood

samples, and blood bags should be disinfected or sterilized as per the

Guidelines of World Health Organization or National AIDS Control Organization

and then given to the common Bio-Medical waste treatment and disposal

facility

10. Installation of in-house incinerator is not allowed. However in case there is no

common Bio-Medical facility nearby, the same may be installed by the occupier

after taking authorisation from the State Pollution Control Board.



29

11. Syringes should be either mutilated or needles should be cut and or

stored in tamper proof, leak proof and puncture proof containers for sharps

storage. Wherever the occupier is not linked to a disposal facility it shall be the

responsibility of the occupier to sterilize and dispose in the manner

prescribed.

12. Bio-Medical waste generated in households during healthcare activities shall

be segregated as per these rules and handed over in separate bags or

containers to municipal waste collectors. Urban Local Bodies shall have tie up

with the common Bio-Medical waste treatment and disposal facility to pickup

this waste from the Material Recovery Facility (MRF) or from the house hold

directly, for final disposal in the manner as prescribed in this Schedule.

Standards for Incineration of Bio-Medical Waste

The incinerators shall meet the following operating and emission standards-

A. Operating Standards

1) Combustion efficiency (CE) shall be at least 99.00%

2) The Combustion efficiency is computed as follows:

%CO2

C.E. = ----------------------- X 100

% CO2 + % CO

3) The temperature of the primary chamber shall be a minimum of 800°C and the

secondary chamber shall be minimum of 1050°C + or - 50°C.

4) The secondary chamber gas residence time shall be at least two seconds.

The emission standards are given in Table 4

Table 4

Emission standards

S.No.

Parameters

Limiting concentration in mg/ Nm3 unless

Sampling Duration in minutes, unless stated

1. Particulate Matter 50 30 or 1 Nm3 of sample volume, whichever is more

2. Nitrogen Oxides NO, NO2 expressed as NO2

400 30 for online sampling or grab sample

3. HCl 50 30 or 1 Nm3 of sample volume, whichever is more



30

4. Total Dioxins and Furans

0.1ngTEQ/Nm3 (at 11%O2)

8 hours or 5 Nm3 of sample volume, whichever is more

5. Hg and its compounds 0.05 2 hours or 1 Nm3 of sample volume, whichever is more

Stack Height: Minimum stack height shall be 30 meters above the ground and shall be

attached with the necessary monitoring facilities as per requirement of monitoring of

‘general parameters’ as notified under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and in

accordance with the Central Pollution Control Board Guidelines of Emission Regulation

Part-III.

Note: All standards for incineration mentioned above are compiled from the date of

commissioning of plant

1. Wastes to be incinerated shall not be chemically treated with any chlorinated

disinfectants.

2. Ash from incineration of Bio-Medical waste shall be disposed of at common

hazardous waste treatment and disposal facility. However, it may be disposed of in

municipal landfill, if the toxic metals in incineration ash are within the regulatory

quantities as defined under the Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling and

Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008 as amended from time to time.

3. Only low Sulphur fuel like Light Diesel Oil or Low Sulphur Heavy Stock or Diesel,

Compressed Natural Gas, Liquefied Natural Gas or Liquefied Petroleum Gas shall be

used as fuel in the incinerator.

4. Monitoring of the stack gaseous emissions (under optimum capacity of the

incinerator) will be done once in three months through a laboratory approved under

the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and record of such analysis results shall be

maintained and submitted to the prescribed authority. In case of dioxins and furans,

monitoring will be done once in a year.

5. Continuous emission monitoring system for the parameters as stipulated by State

Pollution Control Board or Pollution Control Committees in authorization and

transmit the data real time to the servers at State Pollution Control Board or

Pollution Control Committees and Central Pollution Control Board will be installed

6. All monitored values shall be corrected to 11% Oxygen on dry basis.

7. Incinerators (combustion chambers) shall be operated with such temperature,

retention time and turbulence, as to achieve Total Organic Carbon content in the

slag and bottom ashes less than 3% or their loss on ignition shall be less than 5% of

the dry weight

8. Combustion gas analyzer to measure CO2, CO and O2 will be installed



31

STANDARDS FOR AUTOCLAVING OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTE

The autoclave should be dedicated for the purposes of disinfecting and treating Bio-

Medical waste.

1. When operating a vacuum autoclave, medical waste shall be subjected to a

minimum of three pre-vacuum pulses to purge the autoclave of all air. The air

removed during the pre-vacuum, cycle should be decontaminated by means of

HEPA and activated carbon filtration, steam treatment, or any other method to

prevent release of pathogen. The waste shall be subjected to the following:

2. Temperature of not less than 121°C and pressure of 15 psi per an autoclave

residence time of not less than 45 minutes; or

3. Temperature of not less than 135°C and a pressure of 31 psi for an autoclave

residence time of not less than 30 minutes;

4. Medical waste shall not be considered as properly treated unless the time,

temperature and pressure indicators indicate that the required time, temperature

and pressure were reached during the autoclave process. If for any reasons, time

temperature or pressure indicator indicates that the required temperature,

pressure or residence time was not reached, the entire load of medical waste must

be autoclaved again until the proper temperature, pressure and residence time

were achieved.

5. Recording of operational parameters: Each autoclave shall have graphic or

computer recording devices which will automatically and continuously monitor and

record dates, time of day, load identification number and operating parameters

throughout the entire length of the autoclave cycle.

6. Validation test for autoclave: The validation test shall use four biological indicator

strips, one shall be used as a control and left at room temperature, and three shall

be placed in the approximate center of three containers with the waste.

7. Personal protective equipment (gloves, face mask and coveralls) shall be used

when opening containers for the purpose of placing the biological indicators. At

least one of the containers with a biological indicator should be placed in the most

difficult location for steam to penetrate, generally the bottom center of the waste

pile. The occupier or operator shall conduct this test three consecutive times to

define the minimum operating conditions. The temperature, pressure and

residence time at which all biological indicator vials or strips for three consecutive

tests show complete inactivation of the spores shall define the minimum operating

conditions for the autoclave. After determining the minimum temperature,

pressure and residence time, the occupier or operator of a common Bio-Medical

waste treatment facility shall conduct this test once in three months and records in

this regard shall be maintained.



32

8. Routine Test: A chemical indicator strip or tape that changes colour when a certain

temperature is reached can be used to verify that a specific temperature has been

achieved. It may be necessary to use more than one strip over the waste package at

different locations to ensure that the inner content of the package has been

adequately autoclaved. Common bio medical waste treatment facility shall conduct

this test during autoclaving of each batch and records in this regard shall be

maintained.

9. Spore testing: The autoclave should completely and consistently kill the approved

biological indicator at the maximum design capacity of each autoclave unit.

Biological indicator for autoclave shall be Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores

using vials or spore Strips; with at least 1X106 spores. Under no circumstances will

an autoclave have minimum operating parameters less than a residence time of 30

minutes, a temperature less than 121°C or a pressure less than 15 psi. The occupier

or operator of a common bio medical waste treatment and disposal facility shall

conduct this test at least once in every week and records in this regard shall be

maintained.

STANDARDS FOR LIQUID WASTE

The effluent generated or treated from the premises of occupier or operator of a

common bio medical waste treatment and disposal facility, before discharge into the

sewer should conform to the following limits-

Parameters Permissible Limits

pH : 6.5 - 9.0

Suspended solids : 100 mg/l

Oil and grease : 10 mg/l

BOD : 30 mg/l

COD : 250 mg/l

Bio-assay test 90% survival of fish after 96 hours in 100% effluent.

The proposed facility assure that, ash, residue from high temperature incineration and

other material residues from the process are collected into containers and are sent to

nearest TSDF for final disposal.

3.7 Resource optimization/Recycling and reuse

The entire wastewater collected at the Hot water Sump shall after treatment in ETP will

be used for APCDs, floor washing and gardening/green belt. The treated effluent recycled

for the use in scrubber will not be treated with hypochlorite solution. The plastic waste

after disinfection & shredding shall be given to registered recyclers.



33

3.8 Availability of water its source, Energy/Power requirement and source

Water requirement for the project will be met through industrial area water supply/

external tankers/Borewell. Power will be supplied by Bangalore Electricity Supply Company

Limited (BESCOM). In case of power failure, D.G. set will be used.

3.9 Quantity of waste to be generated (liquid and solid) and scheme for their

Management / disposal

The proposed facility will utilize Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) system and no wastewater/ treated

water shall be discharged from the facility. In case of disposal, the treated effluent shall meet

the discharge standards laid down by MoEFCC/ KSPCB. The water recovered during

treatment in ETP will be used for APCDs, floor washing and gardening/Green belt. The

solid waste generation during wastewater treatment & treatment of Hazardous waste and

Bio-Medical waste will be sent to nearest TSDF for final disposal. The tentative scheme for

the ETP is given in the Figure 5.

Figure 5

Tentative Scheme of ETP



34

4. Site Analysis 4.1 Connectivity

The site is well connected with all the transportation facilities from the nearby places. NH

948 (Previously referred as NH 209) is at a distance of 2 km (SE). The nearest railway station

is Ketohalli railway station is around 14.6 km (NW). The nearby airports are Hosur

aerodrome at a distance of 34.8 km (E), HAL airport is about 38.7 km (NE) and Bengaluru

international airport is about 64.9 km (NNE) from the site.

4.2 Land Form, Land use and Land ownership

The proposed Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility is

located at Plot no. 312-A2 & 312-A2 (Part), 2nd Phase, Harohalli Industrial Area, Sy no.

parts of 799 & 800, Village Harohalli, Harohalli Hobli, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagara

District, Karnataka by M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Private Limited.

4.3 Topography

The district can be divided into rocky upland, plateau and flat topped hills at an elevation

of about 900 m amsl. The district with major part sloping towards south and south east

forming pediplain interspersed with hills all along the western part with the elevation in

the range of 996 m and 1467 m amsl mostly in the granitic terrain. Topographical map of

the proposed project is given in Figure 6.

4.4 Existing Land Use pattern

The proposed site falls in Harohalli Industrial Area (KIADB), Harohalli (V). The sensitivity

map showing the distances from periphery of project to periphery of forests, water

bodies, national park, wild life sanctuary, eco sensitive areas if any are given in Figure 7.

4.5 Existing Infrastructure

There is no existing building or other infrastructure in the proposed site. All required

infrastructure like human settlement, schools, hospitals, health care centers, fire brigade,

public transport, etc. are available in nearby villages. The proposed site photographs are

given in Figure 8.

4.6 Soil Classification

Major part of the district is occupied by red sandy soil (60%), and the remaining by red

loamy soil. Red sandy soil mainly occurs in Channapatna, Kanakapura and Ramanagara

taluks in undulating land slopes. These soils are derived from acidic rocks, granites and

granitic gneiss.


Karnataka

35

Figure 6 Topographical Map of the Proposed Site – 10 km Radius


Karnataka

36

Figure 7 Google Map Showing Project Site Boundary


Karnataka

37

Figure 8 Sensitivity Map



38

Figure 9

Proposed Site Photographs

4.7 Climatic data from secondary sources

Project area falls under the hot temperate climate zone. The dry season is from January to

February, followed by hot weather from March to May. The SW monsoon season is from

June to September and the NE monsoon period from October to December.

4.7.1 Rainfall

A study of the rainfall data from 2001 t0 2010 from various rain gauge stations has shown

that the amount of rainfall is relatively uniform throughout the district. The normal rainfall

of the district is 854 mm and varies from 822 mm at Kanakapura to 868 mm at Magadi.

December to March represents very low rainfall months. The rainfall occurs in nearly 49

rainy days.

4.7.2 Temperature

The temperature starts rising from January to peak in April, the hottest month with a

maximum temperature of 34 ˚C. Thereafter it declines during the monsoon period.

December is the coldest month with the temperature dipping down to 16 ˚C.

4.8 Social Infrastructure available

All required infrastructure like human settlement, schools, hospitals, health care centers,

fire brigade, public transport, etc. are available.



39

5. Planning Brief

5.1 Planning concept (type of industries, facilities, transportation, etc.) Town and

country planning/ Development authority classification

The proposed project is an establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical

Waste Treatment Facility and falls under Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli and having all

required infrastructure (power, roads, water lines, etc.).

5.2 Population projection

There will be an influx of 100 to 150 people to the area due to the proposed project.

5.3 Land use planning (breakup along with greenbelt etc.).

The total area allocated for Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment

Facility is 2.43 acres. Minimum of 33% of the total area is allotted for green belt

development. Land breakup details have been given in the layout.

5.4 Assessment of Infrastructure demand (physical & social)

There will be a minimum influx of people to the area due to the proposed project, as the

major manpower will be employed from the nearby villages. Hence the infrastructure

available is sufficient to accommodate the demand.

5.5 Amenities/Facilities

All the amenities/facilities like administrative building, security room, toilet block, etc., will

be developed for the proposed facility.



40

6. Proposed Infrastructure

6.1. Industrial area (processing area)

The proposed site shall be established with all the facilities such as:

Administration Building

Staff Locker and wash room

Vehicle Washing bay

Effluent Treatment Plant

Incinerator and Incineration shed

Hazardous waste storage shed with fire safety measures

Sterilization room

Store room

Workshop

Security office

Transformer

DG set

6.2. Residential area (non-processing)

Local manpower will be hired. There is no need for any additional facilities.

6.3. Green belt

Green belt will be developed according to CPCB/KSPCB guidelines i.e., 33% of the total

plot area. Plants of various species will be developed in the facility and in the peripheral

areas.

6.4. Social Infrastructure

Schools, Colleges, Hospitals & Healthcare Centers, Shops & Bazaars, Community Centers,

etc. are all available in nearby villages and towns.

6.5. Connectivity (Traffic and transportation road/rail/metro/waterways etc)

The site is well connected with all the transportation facilities from the nearby places. NH

948 (Previously referred as NH 209) is at a distance of 2 km (SE). The nearest railway station

is Ketohalli railway station is around 14.6 km (NW). The nearby airports are Hosur

aerodrome at a distance of 34.8 km (E), HAL airport is about 38.7 km (NE) and Bengaluru

international airport is about 64.9 km (NNE) from the site.

6.6. Drinking water management (Source & Supply of water)

The drinking water requirement will be met through industrial water supply/ water tankers.



41

6.7. Sewerage system

The wastewater generated will be treated in in-house ETP and the treated water will be

reused for APCDs, greenbelt etc.

6.8. Solid Waste Management

Solid waste generated during the Hazardous waste and Bio-Medical waste treatment

process and wastewater treatment process is mainly ash and sludge which will be

generated depending upon the hydraulic load. Sludge will be sent to nearest TSDF.

6.9. Power Requirement & Supply/source

The power required for the proposed Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste

Treatment Facility is 300 KW which will be fetched from Bangalore Electricity Supply

Company Limited (BESCOM). A DG set of 375 kVA will be used for emergency power

backup.



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7. Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R & R) plan

7.1. Policy to be adopted (Central/State) in respect of the project affected persons

including home oustees and landless laborers (a brief outline to be given)

No, Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R & R) Plan required.



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8. Project schedule and Cost Estimates

8.1 Likely date of start of construction and likely date of completion (Time schedule for

the project should be given).

The project will be started after getting all the necessary approvals from the regulatory

authorities viz., MoEFCC, KSPCB, etc.

8.2 Estimated project cost along with analysis in terms of economic viability of the project.

The capital cost for the proposed expansion is estimated to be Rs.15 Crores.

Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at

Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka

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9. Analysis of Proposal

(Final Recommendations)

9.1 Financial and social benefits with special emphasis on the benefit to the local

people including tribal population if any, in the area.

The proposed Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility shall

ensure environmentally sound management of hazardous waste and bio-medical waste

by complying with specified rules and CPCB guidelines with minimal impact on human

health and environment. Due to the project, employment options to the local people will

be increased which will improve their livelihood. Overall the proposed project will have a

positive impact on people, surroundings and to the environment.



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Annexure – I

COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS REQUIREMENTS FOR

HAZARDOUS WASTES - GENERATOR /TSDF OPERATOR

Method of Analysis Comprehensive Analysis to be submitted by the Generators of Hazardous Wastes

Physical Analysis Physical State of the waste (liquid I slurry I sludge I Semi-solid I solid: inorganic, organic, metallic)

Description of different phases of the wastes (in cases of solid wastes slurries and sludge) contained in aqueous I non-aqueous liquids I solutions

Colour and Texture

Whether the waste is multi-layered (Yes/No)? If yes, quantify each layer

Specific Gravity

Viscosity

Calorific Value

USEPA, SW-846; Method 1010 and 1020 Flash Point

% Moisture content loss on ignition at 105°C

% Organic content loss on ignition at 550 °C

USEPA, SW-846; Method 9095 Paint Filter Liquid Test (PFLT)

Chemical Analysis

USEPA, SW-846; Methods 9040, 9041 and 9045

pH

Inorganic Parameters Analysis

USEPA; SW-846; Vol. 1C Part II; Test Method to determine HCN released from Wastes

Reactive Cyanide (ppm)

USEPA; SW-846; Vol. 1C Part II; Test Method to determine H2S released from wastes

Reactive Sulfide (ppm)

USEPA; SW-846; 9010, 9011, 9012 Sulphur (elemental)

USEPA; SW-846; Vol. 1A, 1B, 1C and Vol. 2 Concentration of In-organics [as per Schedule 2 of HW (M&H) Rules, 1989, as amended].

Organic Parameters Analysis Oil & Grease

Extractable Organic (in special cases only)

% Carbon

% Nitrogen

% Sulphur

% Hydrogen

USEPA; SW-846; Vol. 1A, 1B, 1C and Vol. 2 Concentration of individual organics [as per Schedule 2 of HW (M&H) Rules, 1989, as amended]

USEPA; SW-846; Method 1311, 1330 Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (For the parameters identified in Section 2, Annexure -III and the listed parameters as presented in Method 1311 of SW 846; USEPA)



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Annexure II

FINGERPRINT ANALYSIS REQUIREMENTS FOR HAZARDOUS WASTES - TSD FACILITIES

Method of Analysis Fingerprint Analysis by the Operators of TSD Facilities

Physical Analysis Physical State of the waste (liquid/slurry/sludge/semi-solid/solid: inorganic/organic/metallic)

Identification of different phases of the wastes (in cases of solid wastes contained in aqueous/non-aqueous liquids/solutions for slurries and sludge)

Colour & Textures

Whether the waste is multi-layered (yes/no)? if yes, quantify each layer

Specific Gravity

Viscosity

USEPA, SW-846; Method 1010 and 1020 Flash Point

Loss on ignition at 105° C

Loss on ignition at 650° C

USEPA, SW-846; Method 9095 Paint Filter Liquid Test (PFLT)

USEPA, SW-846; Method 9096 Liquid Release Test (LRT)

Chemical Analysis

USEPA, SW-846; Method 9040, 9041 and 9045

pH

USEPA, SW-846; Vol. 1C Part 11; Test Method to determine HCN released from Wastes

Reactive Cyanide (ppm)

USEPA, SW-846; Vol. 1C Part 11; Test Method to determine H2S released from Wastes

Reactive Sulfide (ppm)



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Annexure III

EMISSION STANDARDS FOR COMMON HAZARDOUS WASTES INCINERATOR

A. Flue Gas Emission Standards

Parameter Emission standard

Limiting Concentration

Sampling Duration

Particulates 50 mg/Nm3 30 min

HCl 50 mg/Nm3 30 min

SO2 200 mg/Nm3 30 min

CO 100 mg/Nm3 30 min

50 mg/Nm3 24 hours

Total 0rganic Carbon 20 mg/Nm3 30 min

HF 4 mg/Nm3 30 min

NOx (NO and NO2 expressed as NO2)

400 mg/Nm3 30 min

Total dioxins and furans 0.1 ng TEQ/Nm3 8 hours

Cd + Th + their compounds 0.05 mg/Nm3 2 hours

Hg and its compounds 0.05 mg/Nm3 2 hours

Sb + As + Pb + Cr + Co + Cu + Mn + Ni + V + their compounds

0.05 mg/Nm3 2 hours

Documents

Prefeasibility Report for Proposed Common Hazardous Waste ...environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/Online/TOR/16_Dec_2017... · Maridi Eco Industries Pvt. Ltd is proposing to