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By Dr. F. Mukangara

Director,

UDSM Gender Centre May 1st – 2nd 2009

Pre Entry Study as Affirmative Action that Works

HISP- Conference on Educational Equity:Global and National Strategies

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University of Dar es SalaamStrategies, processes towards Institutionalchange for Gender Equality and Equity.Employing various initiatives to addressthe various established imbalances thataccount for the gender inequalities atUDSM.These have manifested as gender issuesacross UDSM and Higher Education ingeneral.

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Gender Issues at UDSM

Imbalance in students enrolment (Science/Engineering).Imbalance in Staff recruitment.Lack of visibility – women in leadershippositions of the University.Limited visibility of women in senioracademic positions.Sexual Harassment

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Gender Issues cont..These issues are approached andaddressed through UDSM efforts ofundertaking gender mainstreaming in aholistic approach.Gender mainstreamingStep by step integration of gender equalityand equity into UDSM way of doing itsbusinesses.

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Gender Issues cont…

With a clear understanding that process ofOrganisational change for Gender Equalityis complex, and long term.Promote equal opportunities within workplace.Access to benefits and resources that areavailable at UDSM.Taking cognisant of the need to havewomen visible (staff and students)

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Gender Mainstr… at UDSM : Key steps

Sex disaggregated data/gender analysisinformation.Creating enablers to ensure women aswell as men influence the key agendas ofUDSM.Context specific action to promote genderequality – affirmative measures.Organisational capacity building for gender& change.

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Strategies adopted

Research.Review of key UDSM PoliciesSpecific Affirmative ActionProgrammesInstitutional & Individual capacitybld. for gender mainstreaming.Networking and linkages.

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Pre Entry Study as Affirmative Measures that Work

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Affirmative Measures

At UDSM are about addressing theestablished gaps.making sure available opportunities areextended to both men and women (staffand students).

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Affirmative Measures Cont…Special Enrolment Criteria.Pre-entry Programme for female sciencecandidates.The Female Undergraduate ScholarshipProgramme (FUSP)Scholarship for Postgraduate femaleStudents and Staff.Pre Entry Programme for FemaleEngineering Candidates.

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Pre-Entry Engineering female students

Established 2004 to increase femalestudent number in Engineering.The percentage of female students inEngineering rose from 7% in 2003/04 to18% in 2004/05.And to 21.1% in 2005/06, to 26.6% in2006/07, up to 28% in 2007/08

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Pre-Entry ProgrammeAcademic

Year +No.

FemalesTotal No. of Female through

PEP

Admitted UDSM (FUSP) through

PEP

Admitted UDSM (GOVT & Loan Board) through

PEP

Total Students

% Females

Drop Outs

No. of Graduand

s

2003/04 31 - - - 312 7 -

2004/05 129 59 43 16 452 18 3 40

2005/06 116 70 46 24 497 21.2 2

2006/07 145 98 30 68 560 26.6 2

2007/08 101 95 - 95 388 28

2008/09 60 33 - 33 379

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Remedial courses

Pre entry female and male studentsundergo remedial classes during theirvacations.Aims at upholding the female and malestudents’ performance and sharpen theirknowledge in their areas of study.517 female students have benefited since2004.

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Remedial Progress

Academic Year No. of Students2004/05 62005/06 542006/07 1342007/08 1582008/09 165

Total 517

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Summary of Female Nominal Roll -2004/05 – 2007/08

YEAR MALE FEMALE TOTAL F %

2004/05 7,076 4,135 11,211 36.9%

2005/06 8,959 4,757 13,569 35.1%

2006/07 10,769 6,165 16,958 36.4%

2007/08 10,707 6,393 17,100 37.4%

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UNDERGRADUATE SCIENCE & ENGINEERING FEMALE NOMINAL ROLL – 2004/05 – 2007/08

FACULTIES &

COLLEGE

2004/05F%

2005/06F%

2006/07F%

2007/08F%

FOSC 27% 29.5% 23.5% 20.6%

FIVE 16.6% 16.2% 14.9%

COET 12% 18.8%

KEY:FOSC: Faculty of ScienceFIVE : Faculty of Informatics and Visual EducationCOET: College of Engineering

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Female %age - CoET Departments

KEY:ECSE: Electrical and Computer System EngineeringMECHE: Mechanical and Chemical EngineeringCEBE: Civil Engineering and Built Engineering

DEPARTMENTS -CoET

2006/07F%

2007/08F%

ECSE 22.5% 24.1%

MECHE 28.9% 28.7%

CEBE 17.0% 16.5%

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UDSM Academic Staff by Rank & Sex

Designation 2006/2007 2007/2008F M T % F F M T % F

Professor 7 57 64 10.9 6 61 67 9A/Professor 10 92 102 9.8 10 88 98 10.2S/Lecturer 25 174 199 12.6 27 172 199 13.6Lecturer 18 127 145 12.4 19 123 142 13.4A/Lecturer 81 186 267 30.3 89 232 321 27.7Tutorial/A 56 143 199 26.1 78 220 298 26.2

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StatusGovernment Private

Universities 10 20

Colleges 4 9

Total 14 29

No. of Universities and Colleges, 08

Grand Total

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Distribution of Gov. and Non-Gov. Sec. Schools in TZType Gov. Com. Private Semi. Total

Boys Day 1 - 1 1 3Boarding 31 - 4 31 66

Day/Boarding 1 - 1 - 2

Girls Day 3 921 4 - 928Boarding 20 - 34 3 57

Day/Boarding 1 - 29 - 30

Co-Ed. Day 18 667 299 29 1013Boarding 13 - 48 10 71

Day/Boarding - 1 85 7 93

GRAND TOTAL 88 1589 505 81 2263