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THE PROGRAM
Topic 7: Practical Distributed Control Systems (DCS)
You Will Learn How to:
Understand the architecture and operation
of Distributed Control Systems (DCSs) Design the overall DCS and
process control
system
Specify planned DCSs
Improve process performance for your plant
Understand the key ergonomic issues indesign of operator
displays
Apply advanced control strategies to yourplant control
system
Use your existing DCS process controlcapabilities more
effectively
Design and create a consistent and effectivealarm philosophy for
your installation
Recognise and deal with human problems ininterfacing to alarm
systems
Overview
This section will cover the practical applicationadvantages of
the modern distributed controlsystem (DCS) and how to maximise your
return onthis significant investment in both hardware andsoftware.
This includes the monitoring of theeffectiveness and return on the
on-line processand control system performance including
duediligence on system alarm management. A varietyof causes and
cures for how these situations occurand can be corrected will be
addressed as part ofthe course curriculum.
Most of the process control functionality thatshould be in a DCS
can be configured in terms ofwell tried and virtually standard
combinations offunction blocks. All DCSs have a
comprehensivelibrary of these function blocks but fewoperations
outside the hydrocarbon industriesimplement the control schemes
required forreasonably comprehensive process
stabilisation("straight lines on screens") and constraintcompliance
("operating hard up against the
limits") capabilities on which control systemsare justified.
This course will provide you with the tools torealise how to
effectively use an integrateddistributed control system and
consequentlyoptimise your process and profitability.
Module 7.3
ALARM SYSTEM MANAGEMENT FOR DCSS
Philosophies of alarm management
Human and ergonomic factors
Structure of good alarm system
Safety Integrity Level (SIL)
Design of alarm system
Measurement of performance
DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM REPORTING
Alarm reporting, types of alarms generatedand acceptance of
alarms
The different types of logs and reports whichcan be configured
on a DCS system
Data history use in logs, reports and trenddisplays
ASSIGNMENT - Alarm Management for a simple
Unit Operation
Module 7.4
DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM CONFIGURATION The organisation of
system data files
The need for different security levelsattached to various
operating parameters
ADVANCED CONTROL STRATEGIES MAINTENANCECONSIDERATIONS
Maintenance requirements of system andsystem elements
The requirements for in-built diagnostics andfor maintenance
diagnostic routines
The requirements for installation of UPS
system Recovery of a DCS following a power outage
PRACTICAL SESSIONS
Configuration of a typical DCS Control Loopusing a typical plant
problem
Module 7.1
INTRODUCTION
SUMMARY OF TYPICAL DISTRIBUTED CONTROLSYSTEMS DCS VERSUS SCADA
VERSUS PLCS
Comparison
The Smart Instrument as a key componentin a DCS system
DCS SYSTEM ELEMENTS
Main differences between a DistributedControl System and
PLC/SCADA systems.
Requirements of the operator interfacewithin the DCS
Layout of a DCS system with data highwaycommunications paths
Redundancy in the DCS
DATA COMMUNICATIONS IN A DCS
Overview of DCS and SCADA communications(field/operator/long
distance)
Network topologies
Digital field communications
Industrial Ethernet
Industrial network security Links to MES and ERP
ASSIGNMENT - When to use what type of
controller and communications protocol
Module 7.2
THE BASIC CONTROLLER
Function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Discrete and logic control
Sequential and batch control
BASIC DCS CONTROLLER CONFIGURATION
Control algorithms
The use of diagnostics
PROGRAMMING OF DCS SYSTEMS
Block Configuration
IEC 61131-3 "open" programming languages(structured text,
function block, ladder,sequential)
THE OPERATOR INTERFACE
The operators process 'window'
The various operator display configurations
The requirement for keyboard entry of data
Ergonomic requirements in the operatorenvironment
ASSIGNMENT -Simulation of a typical DCS will be
used
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